All-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of smart wearable textiles, and more specifically to a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-actuated sensing system, its preparation method, and application. The system comprises a fabric-based energy harvesting unit and a fabric-based energy storage unit. The fabric-based energy harvesting unit is a fabric nanogenerator, and the fabric-based energy storage unit is a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor. The fabric nanogenerator and the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor are assembled in series. The fully fabric-based self-powered multi-actuated sensing system further comprises a sensor group connected in series with the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor, the sensor group comprising a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a strain sensor, and a pressure sensor connected in parallel. The system can convert the mechanical energy of human motion into electrical energy in real time and store it to power the multi-actuated sensing device. The energy harvesting process is not restricted by environmental conditions and can respond to various stimuli such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and strain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent wearable textiles, and in particular to a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system and its preparation method and application. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the rapid development of flexible wearable electronic devices is driving technological changes in the fields of electronics, information, sensing, and textiles. The thin film substrates and thin film encapsulation layers of traditional sensors often lead to flexibility failure, poor air and moisture permeability, and human body conformality (Komolafe A, Torah R, Wei Y, et al. Integrating flexible filament circuits for e-textile applications [J]. Advanced Materials Technologies, 2019, 4(7): 1900-176).

[0003] Fabric-based sensors offer the same softness and breathability as fabrics, while also combining multiple sensor functions, such as stress and strain sensing, temperature sensing, and humidity sensing. Therefore, they hold great promise for applications in areas such as electronic skin, health monitoring, and disease diagnosis. However, most current sensors still rely on lithium-ion batteries for power, requiring frequent battery replacement and causing significant inconvenience. Furthermore, these sensors are limited in functionality, capable of sensing only a single external stimulus. Therefore, the development of self-powered sensors with multi-factor actuated sensing responses has become a critical issue that needs to be addressed.

[0004] Self-powered sensors offer the advantages of low cost, ease of use, portability, environmental friendliness, and long service life. They can convert various environmental energies (light and mechanical) into electrical energy and store this converted energy in energy storage devices, providing continuous power for various sensors and effectively addressing the frequent battery replacement requirements of traditional sensors. Among various self-powered energy harvesting devices, triboelectric nanogenerators (TGNs) offer numerous advantages, including high output voltage, abundant energy sources, and an energy harvesting process that is unaffected by the environment. They are ideal energy harvesting units. Supercapacitors, with their advantages of long cycle life, high power density, safe operation, and rapid charge and discharge, are promising energy storage units. Combining TGNs with supercapacitors promises to enable mobile energy harvesting and storage. As an emerging type of two-dimensional layered nanomaterial, MXene has the advantages of excellent dispersibility, high conductivity, and easy processability. It is used as an electroactive material and its pressure-sensitive and moisture-sensitive properties are utilized to prepare all-fabric-based pressure, strain, humidity and temperature sensors. It is expected to achieve multiple sensing of fabrics to external stimuli, such as temperature, humidity, pressure and strain, and has great application prospects in the fields of smart wearable human-computer interaction and health monitoring.

[0005] However, the humidity, temperature, pressure, and strain sensors currently reported have single functions and low sensitivity. For example, Chinese patent CN113820049A discloses a fabric pressure sensor, its preparation method, and a fabric pressure sensor array. However, it is still difficult to respond to multiple external stimuli, which greatly limits the application of fabric-based wearable devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system and its preparation method and application, so as to solve the problem that existing sensors cannot be self-powered and have multi-drive sensing responses.

[0007] Based on the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides an all-fabric-based self-powered multi-driven sensing system, comprising a fabric-based energy collection unit and a fabric-based energy storage unit, wherein the fabric-based energy collection unit is a fabric nanogenerator, and the fabric-based energy storage unit is a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor, and the fabric nanogenerator and the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor are assembled in series. The all-fabric-based self-powered multi-driven sensing system also includes a sensor group connected in series with the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor, and the sensor group includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a strain sensor and a pressure sensor connected in parallel.

[0008] The present invention prepares a fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator through weaving technology and uses it as a flexible energy collection unit, prepares a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor through screen printing technology and uses it as an energy storage unit, and prepares interdigital electrodes, serpentine electrodes and I-shaped electrodes respectively through screen printing technology, which are used for pressure sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors and strain sensors respectively. The prepared energy collection and storage units are used to power the sensing units to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system.

[0009] Specifically, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting unit and a fabric-based energy storage unit: first, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate are constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate through a template, and then the electrode template substrate is dyed, the fabric is dried, and the dyeing is repeated to obtain the result;

[0011] Step 2: Prepare relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group by screen printing technology; the relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group include a pressure sensor electrode layer, a humidity sensor electrode layer, a temperature sensor electrode and a strain sensor electrode;

[0012] Step 3: Prepare superelastic nanofiber felt as the sensing layer of pressure sensor and humidity sensor by pre-stretching and electrospinning;

[0013] Step 4: Integrate and package the fabric-based energy collection unit and fabric-based energy storage unit prepared in step 1, the relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group prepared in step 2, and the sensing layer prepared in step 3.

[0014] Optionally, in step one, the conductive active material is dispersed by supercritical carbon dioxide, the electrode template substrate is dyed at 50-130°C for 10-90 minutes, the fabric is dried at 40-90°C for 5-30 minutes, and the dyeing is repeated 1-5 times, and the loading amount of the conductive material on the fabric is 20wt%-90wt%.

[0015] Optionally, the conductive active material includes MXene, graphene, carbon black, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polyaniline, silver colloid, silver nanowires, copper nanowires, gold nanowires and composites thereof; the fabric substrate includes cotton, polyester, nylon, spandex, linen and viscose.

[0016] Preferably, the conductive active material is 50-300 mg / mL MXene, 5-50 mg / mL silver nanowire dispersion or a mixture of MXene and silver nanowires, wherein the mass ratio of MXene to silver nanowires is 1:1 to 300:1, the lateral width of MXene is 0.1-10 μm, and the length of the silver nanowire is 10-50 μm.

[0017] Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing temperature used in step 1 is 100-130° C., and the dyeing time is 30-90 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, the method for preparing the relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group by screen printing technology is to fix the fabric at the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 0.1-20 cN, pour a conductive paste with a concentration of 0.1-20 wt% onto the surface of the screen, and scrape the conductive paste onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 0.05-3 cm / s. The scraping is repeated 1-20 times, and after taking out, it is dried at 50-80 ° C for 5-30 minutes to obtain the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the electrode layer of the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0019] Optionally, the conductive paste includes MXene, graphene, carbon black, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube, graphite, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT:PSS, Clevios ph1000, polyaniline, silver colloid, silver nanowire, copper nanowire, gold nanowire and a composite thereof.

[0020] Preferably, the conductive paste used in the pressure sensor, humidity sensor and strain sensor is 0.1-20wt% MXene or silver paste, and the conductive paste used in the temperature sensor is 0.5wt%-10wt% PEDOT:PSS or a mixture of PEDOT:PSS and silver nanowires, wherein the mass ratio of PEDOT:PSS to silver nanowires is 10:1 to 1:1, the number of screen printing and scraping is 1-10 times, and the temperature is dried at 30-80°C for 5-30 minutes.

[0021] Step 3: The method of preparing a superelastic nanofiber mat as a sensing layer of a pressure sensor and a humidity sensor by pre-stretching and electrospinning is to first prepare a superelastic polymer nanofiber mat by electrospinning, and then fix the prepared superelastic nanofiber mat by a biaxial stretching method, wherein the transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation is 100%-600%, and 5-200 mg / mL of conductive active material is loaded onto the surface of the superelastic nanofiber mat by spraying, the number of spraying is 1-30 times, and then dried at 30-80°C for 5-30 minutes; finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses are canceled to obtain a sensing layer of a pressure and humidity sensor with a surface micro-nano structure. Wherein, the polymer concentration is 10-20wt%, the spinning voltage is 10-25kV, the injection speed is 0.1-10mL / h, the spinneret diameter is 200-500 microns, and the spinning time is 3-10 hours.

[0022] The superelastic polymers used for electrospinning the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensors include SBS, SEBS, TPU, TPU, rubber, and PU (polyurethane). Conductive active materials include transition metal carbides (MXene), graphene, carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT:PSS, Clevios ph1000, polyaniline, silver colloid, silver nanowires, copper nanowires, gold nanowires, and their composites.

[0023] Preferably, the pressure and humidity sensor sensing layer is electrospun using 15-20 wt% SBS, a spinning voltage of 15-25 kV, an injection rate of 0.5-5 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 200-500 microns, and a spinning time of 5-10 hours. The superelastic nanofiber mat has a transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation of 200%-400%, a conductive active material concentration of 10-100 mg / mL, and is sprayed 3-10 times, followed by drying at 60-80°C for 5-30 minutes.

[0024] The method for integrating and packaging the fabric-based energy harvesting unit and the fabric-based energy storage unit with the sensor group and the sensing layer is to use the fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1 as the energy harvesting unit and then assemble it in series with the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor through bridge rectification, wherein 1-10 supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then connected in series with 1-10 supercapacitors; the electrospun surface micro-nanostructure nanofiber sensing electrode is stacked and assembled with the pressure sensor electrode layer and the humidity sensor electrode layer prepared by screen printing, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated by using an electrically insulating nanofiber felt as the encapsulation layer through thermal bonding, stitching or ultrasonic bonding; the humidity sensor, temperature sensor, strain sensor, and pressure sensor are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system. Among them, the pressure sensor needs to be encapsulated (corresponding sensing layer + electrode layer + encapsulation layer); the humidity sensor needs to be assembled but does not need to be encapsulated (corresponding sensing layer + electrode layer); neither the temperature sensor nor the strain sensor needs to be encapsulated, and they are formed in one step by screen printing.

[0025] The present invention also provides applications of the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system in smart sleep mattresses, smart insoles, smart temperature and humidity sensing clothing, sports monitoring, rehabilitation therapy, smart keyboards, language recognition, and asthma monitoring.

[0026] The present invention prepares a fabric-based energy collection and storage system through a one-step process, prepares fabric-based multi-actuated sensor electrodes through tension screen printing technology, and combines pre-stretching technology and electrospinning technology to prepare superelastic nanofiber felt as the sensing layer of the pressure sensor and humidity sensor. Finally, through system integration, a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-actuated sensor system is prepared, which can convert the mechanical energy of human movement into electrical energy in real time and store it to power the multi-actuated sensor devices. The energy collection process is not restricted by environmental conditions and can respond to various stimuli such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and strain. In the preparation process of the fabric-based energy collection and storage system, the template method and supercritical carbon dioxide dispersion dyeing technology are combined to improve the load uniformity, load amount and substrate bonding strength of the conductive active material, thereby improving the electrochemical performance and triboelectric power generation performance of the fabric. The template model can be freely changed to change the series and parallel connection mode of the capacitor, thereby increasing its output voltage and specific capacitance. When preparing the sensing layer of the pressure sensor and humidity sensor, electrospinning is used to prepare superelastic nanofiber felt and combined with biaxial stretching technology to prepare a conductive active material with a micro-nano array protrusion structure on the surface. During the pressure sensing process, the contact area and response current of the electrode can be increased, and the sensing performance of the pressure sensor can be improved. In addition, the conductive active material with a micro-nano array protrusion structure has an extremely high specific surface area, which is more conducive to the adsorption of water molecules, and can improve the sensing performance of the humidity sensor.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] 1) Strong technical applicability. The substrate material used in the present invention can be film, plastic, cotton fabric, linen fabric, wool fabric, silk fabric, chemical fiber fabric, blended fabric, etc. The fabric structure can be knitted fabric, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, etc. The ink used for screen printing can be one or more composites of MXene, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, acetylene black, polypyrrole, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polyaniline, silver colloid, silver nanowires, copper nanowires, and gold nanowires.

[0029] 2) The preparation and assembly process is simple. Through large-scale processes such as screen printing, biaxial stretching, electrospinning, and supercritical carbon dioxide, the micro-nano morphology, structure, and properties of the material can be adjusted and controlled.

[0030] 3) The all-fabric base structure retains many of the fabric's inherent properties, such as breathability and moisture permeability, body conformability, and flexibility.

[0031] 4) The template method and supercritical carbon dioxide technology are used to improve the loading uniformity, loading amount and bonding strength of the conductive active material to the substrate, thereby improving the triboelectric effect, energy collection efficiency and electrochemical performance of the fabric.

[0032] 5) The energy harvesting process of the fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator is not restricted by environmental conditions and can harvest the mechanical energy of human motion in real time.

[0033] 6) During the preparation of supercapacitor energy storage units, the series and parallel connection modes of the capacitors can be changed freely by changing the template model, thereby increasing their output voltage and specific capacitance at the same time.

[0034] 7) Electrospinning is used to prepare superelastic nanofiber felt and combined with biaxial stretching technology to prepare conductive active materials with micro-nano array protrusion structures on the surface, which can improve pressure sensing and humidity sensing performance.

[0035] 8) Product performance is adjustable and controllable, and can be adjusted by adjusting parameters such as the number of screen printing times, the type and loading amount of active materials, series and parallel connection methods, and pre-stretching ratio.

[0036] 9) The product has a simple structure. The fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator and supercapacitor are connected in series, and the multi-drive sensor devices are connected in parallel to achieve device integration.

[0037] 10) The prepared sensing system can respond to various stimuli such as temperature, humidity, pressure and strain.

[0038] 11) The prepared sensing system has a wide range of applications and can be used in smart sleep mattresses, smart insoles, smart temperature and humidity sensing clothing, sports monitoring, rehabilitation therapy, smart keyboards, speech recognition, asthma monitoring and other fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the voltage output of the fabric triboelectric nanogenerator of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a comparison curve of the pressure sensing performance of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a comparison curve of the pressure sensing performance of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a comparison curve of pressure sensing performance of Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a comparison curve of humidity sensing performance between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a temperature sensing performance comparison curve of Example 1, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the voltage output of the fabric triboelectric nanogenerator of Example 1 and Comparative Example 6.

[0048] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the sensing performance of the fabric strain sensor of Example 1 and Example 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the common meanings understood by persons having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0053] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: First, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate were constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate using a template. Subsequently, the MXene conductive active material was dispersed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrode template substrate was dyed at 110°C for 60 minutes, the fabric was dried at 60°C for 15 minutes, and the dyeing was repeated five times. The MXene loading on the fabric was 70 wt%, and a fabric-based energy harvesting (fabric nanogenerator) and storage (fabric supercapacitor) system was prepared.

[0054] 2) Preparation of fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes using screen printing technology: Various sensor electrode materials were prepared by screen printing on the remaining blank part of the fabric in step 1. The fabric was fixed to the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 2 cN, and a conductive paste with a concentration of 10 wt% was poured onto the surface of the screen. The conductive silver paste was scraped onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 1 cm / s. The scraping was repeated three times. After taking out, the fabric was dried at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0055] 3) Preparation of the Sensing Layer for the Pressure and Humidity Sensor: A hyperelastic polymer nanofiber mat was prepared by electrospinning with a 17 wt% SBS concentration, a spinning voltage of 15 kV, an injection rate of 0.6 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 400 μm, and a spinning time of 6 hours. The prepared hyperelastic nanofiber mat was fixed by biaxial stretching with 100% elongation in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. A 10 mg / mL silver nanowire / MXene / PEDOT:PSS dispersion was then sprayed onto the surface of the hyperelastic nanofibers. The silver nanowire / MXene / PEDOT:PSS dispersion had a mass ratio of 1:1:1 and was sprayed 10 times. The fabric was then dried at 60°C for 10 minutes. Finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses were removed, resulting in the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor with a surface micro-nanostructure.

[0056] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy harvesting / storage unit and sensor system: The fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1) is used as an energy harvesting unit and then assembled in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor through bridge rectification. Four supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then in series with four supercapacitors. Electrospun surface micro-nanostructured nanofiber sensing electrodes are stacked with screen-printed pressure sensor electrode layers and humidity sensor electrode layers, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated using a polymer nanofiber felt as an encapsulation layer through stitching. The prepared pressure sensor and humidity sensor are then combined in parallel with a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and then connected in series with a supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-actuated sensing system.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0059] 1) One-step fabrication of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: First, nanogenerator electrodes and supercapacitor electrode templates were constructed on the fabric surface using a template. MXene conductive active material was then dispersed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrode templates were dyed at 110°C for 60 minutes, and the fabric was dried at 60°C for 15 minutes. This process was repeated five times, resulting in a MXene loading of 70 wt% on the fabric. This resulted in a fabric-based energy harvesting (fabric nanogenerator) and storage (fabric supercapacitor) system.

[0060] 2) Preparation of fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes using screen printing technology: Various sensors were prepared by screen printing on the remaining blank part of the fabric in step 2. The fabric was fixed to the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 2 cN, and a conductive paste with a concentration of 10 wt% was poured onto the surface of the screen. The conductive silver paste was scraped onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 1 cm / s. The scraping was repeated three times. After taking out, the fabric was dried at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0061] 3) Preparation of the Sensing Layer of the Pressure and Humidity Sensor: A hyperelastic polymer nanofiber mat was prepared by electrospinning with a SBS concentration of 17 wt%, a spinning voltage of 15 kV, an injection rate of 0.6 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 400 μm, and a spinning time of 6 hours. The prepared hyperelastic nanofiber mat was fixed by biaxial stretching with a transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation of 200%. A 10 mg / mL silver nanowire / MXene / PEDOT:PSS dispersion was sprayed onto the surface of the hyperelastic nanofibers with a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The spraying was repeated 10 times, followed by drying at 60°C for 10 minutes. Finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses were removed, resulting in a pressure and humidity sensor with surface micro-nanostructures.

[0062] 4) The fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1) is used as an energy harvesting unit and then bridge rectified and assembled in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor. Four supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then connected in series with four supercapacitors. Electrospun surface micro-nanostructured nanofiber sensing electrodes are stacked with screen-printed pressure sensor electrode layers and humidity sensor electrode layers, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated using a polymer nanofiber felt as an encapsulation layer by stitching. The prepared pressure sensor and humidity sensor are then combined in parallel with a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and then connected in series with a supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0065] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: First, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate were constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate using a template. Subsequently, the MXene conductive active material was dispersed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrode template substrate was dyed at 110°C for 60 minutes, the fabric was dried at 60°C for 15 minutes, and the dyeing was repeated five times. The MXene loading on the fabric was 70 wt%, and a fabric-based energy harvesting (fabric nanogenerator) and storage (fabric supercapacitor) system was prepared.

[0066] 2) Preparation of fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes using screen printing technology: Various sensors were prepared by screen printing on the remaining blank part of the fabric in step 2. The fabric was fixed to the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 2 cN, and a conductive paste with a concentration of 10 wt% was poured onto the surface of the screen. The conductive silver paste was scraped onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 1 cm / s. The scraping was repeated three times. After taking out, the fabric was dried at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0067] 3) Preparation of the Sensing Layer for the Pressure and Humidity Sensor: A hyperelastic polymer nanofiber mat was prepared by electrospinning with a SBS concentration of 17 wt%, a spinning voltage of 15 kV, an injection rate of 0.6 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 400 μm, and a spinning time of 6 hours. The prepared hyperelastic nanofiber mat was fixed by biaxial stretching with a transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation of 300%. A 10 mg / mL silver nanowire / MXene / PEDOT:PSS dispersion was applied to the surface of the hyperelastic nanofibers by spraying at a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The spraying was repeated 10 times, followed by drying at 60°C for 10 minutes. Finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses were removed, resulting in a sensing electrode for the pressure and humidity sensor with surface micro-nanostructures.

[0068] 4) The fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1) is used as an energy harvesting unit, bridge rectified, and then assembled in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor. Four supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then connected in series with four supercapacitors. Electrospun surface micro-nanostructured nanofiber sensing electrodes are stacked with screen-printed pressure sensor and humidity sensor electrode layers, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated using a polymer nanofiber mat as an encapsulation layer by stitching. The prepared pressure and humidity sensors are then combined in parallel with a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and then connected in series with the supercapacitors to create a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-actuated sensing system.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0071] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: First, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate were constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate using a template. Subsequently, the MXene conductive active material was dispersed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrode template substrate was dyed at 110°C for 60 minutes, the fabric was dried at 60°C for 15 minutes, and the dyeing was repeated five times. The MXene loading on the fabric was 70 wt%, and a fabric-based energy harvesting (fabric nanogenerator) and storage (fabric supercapacitor) system was prepared.

[0072] 2) Preparation of fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes using screen printing technology: Various sensors were prepared by screen printing on the remaining blank part of the fabric in step 2. The fabric was fixed to the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 2 cN, and a conductive paste with a concentration of 10 wt% was poured onto the surface of the screen. The conductive silver paste was scraped onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 1 cm / s. The scraping was repeated three times. After taking out, the fabric was dried at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0073] 3) Preparation of the Sensing Layer for the Pressure and Humidity Sensor: A hyperelastic polymer nanofiber mat was prepared by electrospinning with a 17 wt% SBS concentration, a spinning voltage of 15 kV, an injection rate of 0.6 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 400 μm, and a spinning time of 6 hours. The prepared hyperelastic nanofiber mat was fixed by biaxial stretching, with a transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation of 100%. A 10 mg / mL silver nanowire / MXene dispersion was applied to the surface of the hyperelastic nanofibers by spraying at a 1:1 silver nanowire / MXene mass ratio. The spraying was repeated 10 times, followed by drying at 60°C for 10 minutes. Finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses were removed, resulting in a sensing electrode for a pressure and humidity sensor with a surface micro-nanostructure.

[0074] 4) The fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1) is used as an energy harvesting unit and then bridge rectified and assembled in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor. Four supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then connected in series with four supercapacitors. Electrospun surface micro-nanostructured nanofiber sensing electrodes are stacked with screen-printed pressure sensor electrode layers and humidity sensor electrode layers, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated using a polymer nanofiber felt as an encapsulation layer by stitching. The prepared pressure sensor and humidity sensor are then combined in parallel with a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and then connected in series with a supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system.

[0075] Example 5

[0076] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0077] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: First, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate were constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate using a template. Subsequently, the MXene conductive active material was dispersed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrode template substrate was dyed at 110°C for 60 minutes, the fabric was dried at 60°C for 15 minutes, and the dyeing was repeated five times. The MXene loading on the fabric was 70 wt%, and a fabric-based energy harvesting (fabric nanogenerator) and storage (fabric supercapacitor) system was prepared.

[0078] 2) Preparation of fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes using screen printing technology: Various sensors were prepared by screen printing on the remaining blank part of the fabric in step 2. The fabric was fixed to the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 2 cN, and a conductive paste with a concentration of 10 wt% was poured onto the surface of the screen. The conductive silver paste was scraped onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 1 cm / s. The scraping was repeated three times. After taking out, the fabric was dried at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0079] 3) Preparation of the Sensing Layer of the Pressure and Humidity Sensor: A hyperelastic polymer nanofiber mat was prepared by electrospinning with a 17 wt% SBS concentration, a spinning voltage of 15 kV, an injection rate of 0.6 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 400 μm, and a spinning time of 6 hours. The prepared hyperelastic nanofiber mat was fixed by biaxial stretching with 100% elongation in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. A 10 mg / mL PEDOT:PSS dispersion was applied to the surface of the hyperelastic nanofibers by spraying 10 times, followed by drying at 60°C for 10 minutes. Finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses were removed, resulting in a pressure and humidity sensor with surface micro-nanostructures.

[0080] 4) The fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1) is used as an energy harvesting unit and then bridge rectified and assembled in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor. Four supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then connected in series with four supercapacitors. Electrospun surface micro-nanostructured nanofiber sensing electrodes are stacked with screen-printed pressure sensor electrode layers and humidity sensor electrode layers, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated using a polymer nanofiber felt as an encapsulation layer by stitching. The prepared pressure sensor and humidity sensor are then combined in parallel with a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and then connected in series with a supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0083] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: First, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate were constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate using a template. Subsequently, the MXene conductive active material was dispersed using supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrode template substrate was dyed at 110°C for 60 minutes, the fabric was dried at 60°C for 15 minutes, and the dyeing was repeated five times. The MXene loading on the fabric was 70 wt%, and a fabric-based energy harvesting (fabric nanogenerator) and storage (fabric supercapacitor) system was prepared.

[0084] 2) Preparation of fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes using screen printing technology: Various sensor electrode materials were prepared by screen printing on the remaining blank part of the fabric in step 1. The fabric was fixed to the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 2 cN, and a conductive carbon black slurry with a concentration of 10 wt% was poured onto the surface of the screen. The conductive carbon black slurry was scraped onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 1 cm / s. The scraping was repeated 3 times. After taking out, the fabric was dried at 80°C for 10 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

[0085] 3) Preparation of the Sensing Layer for the Pressure and Humidity Sensor: A hyperelastic polymer nanofiber mat was prepared by electrospinning with a 17 wt% SBS concentration, a spinning voltage of 15 kV, an injection rate of 0.6 mL / h, a spinneret diameter of 400 μm, and a spinning time of 6 hours. The prepared hyperelastic nanofiber mat was fixed by biaxial stretching with 100% elongation in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. A 10 mg / mL silver nanowire / MXene / PEDOT:PSS dispersion was then sprayed onto the surface of the hyperelastic nanofibers. The silver nanowire / MXene / PEDOT:PSS dispersion had a mass ratio of 1:1:1 and was sprayed 10 times. The fabric was then dried at 60°C for 10 minutes. Finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses were removed, resulting in the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor with a surface micro-nanostructure.

[0086] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy harvesting / storage unit and sensor system: The fabric nanogenerator prepared in step 1) is used as an energy harvesting unit and then assembled in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor through bridge rectification. Four supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then in series with four supercapacitors. Electrospun surface micro-nanostructured nanofiber sensing electrodes are stacked with screen-printed pressure sensor electrode layers and humidity sensor electrode layers, and the pressure sensor is encapsulated using a polymer nanofiber felt as an encapsulation layer through stitching. The prepared pressure sensor and humidity sensor are then combined in parallel with a temperature sensor and a strain sensor, and then connected in series with a supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-actuated sensing system.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0089] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1, except that the electrode is immersed at 110° C. for 60 minutes during the preparation process.

[0090] 2) Fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes were prepared using screen printing technology: the specific method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0091] 3) Preparation of pressure and humidity sensor sensing layer: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0092] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy collection / storage unit and sensor system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 2

[0094] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0095] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy collection and storage system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0096] 2) Fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes were prepared using screen printing technology: the specific method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0097] 3) Preparation of the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor: The specific method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the electrode is not subjected to biaxial stretching during the electrode preparation process.

[0098] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy collection / storage unit and sensor system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0099] Comparative Example 3

[0100] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0101] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy collection and storage system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0102] 2) Fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes were prepared using screen printing technology: the specific method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0103] 3) Preparation of the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor: The specific method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the electrode is uniaxially stretched by 100% during the electrode preparation process.

[0104] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy collection / storage unit and sensor system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0105] Comparative Example 4

[0106] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0107] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy collection and storage system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0108] 2) Fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes were prepared using screen printing technology: the specific method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0109] 3) Preparation of the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor: The specific method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the conductive active material in the electrode preparation process uses a silver nanowire dispersion with the same concentration.

[0110] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy collection / storage unit and sensor system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0111] Comparative Example 5

[0112] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0113] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy collection and storage system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0114] 2) Fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes were prepared using screen printing technology: the specific method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0115] 3) Preparation of the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor: The specific method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the conductive active material in the electrode preparation process uses the same concentration of MXene dispersion.

[0116] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy collection / storage unit and sensor system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0117] Comparative Example 6

[0118] A method for preparing a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system comprises the following steps:

[0119] 1) One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting and storage system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1, except that supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing is used for 30 minutes during the electrode preparation process.

[0120] 2) Fabric-based pressure sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor electrodes prepared by screen printing technology: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1

[0121] 3) Preparation of the sensing layer of the pressure and humidity sensor: The specific method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the conductive active material in the electrode preparation process uses the same concentration of MXene dispersion.

[0122] 4) Integration and packaging of the fabric-based energy collection / storage unit and sensor system: The specific method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0123] The prepared all-fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system mainly consists of three parts: Figure 1 ), mainly including fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerators (energy collection units), fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitors (energy storage units), and multi-drive sensor devices (application devices).

[0124] The triboelectric performance of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 It can be seen that the output voltages of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 at the same motion frequency are 119 V and 208 V, respectively. Example 1 has a higher output voltage, which is mainly attributed to the fact that the template method combined with supercritical dioxide dyeing technology can improve the loading amount and loading uniformity of the conductive material, the bonding strength between the conductive material and the substrate, and the corresponding triboelectric properties.

[0125] The pressure sensing performance of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 was tested, and the results were as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the sensitivity of comparative example 2 in the pressure range of 0-0.6kPa is 20.4kPa -1 , the sensitivity in the pressure range of 2-15kPa is 0.55kPa -1Compared with Comparative Example 2, Example 1 has a higher sensitivity of 138.9 kPa. -1 (0-2kPa), 2.77kPa -1 (2.5-15.1 kPa), the higher sensitivity of Example 1 is mainly due to the biaxial stretching of the pressure sensing layer electrode during the preparation process, which leads to the formation of a micro-nano array protrusion structure on the surface of the superelastic nanofiber felt, which greatly increases the electrode contact area during the pressure action and improves the response current. Therefore, Example 1 has better pressure sensing performance than Comparative Example 2. The pressure sensing performance of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the sensitivity of comparative example 3 is the highest at 57.2 kPa -1 (0-0.6 kPa), much lower than Example 1 (138.9 kPa -1 ), which is mainly due to the fact that the uniaxial stretching technology used in Comparative Example 3 causes the loss of micro-nanostructure on the surface of the superelastic nanofibers and a low specific surface area.

[0126] The pressure sensing performance of Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 is as follows Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the sensitivity of Example 1 is the lowest, which is 138.9 kPa. -1 The sensing performance increases with the increase of biaxial and tensile strains. The sensitivity of Example 3 is the highest, which is 770.86 kPa. -1 ,This is mainly because the larger the pre-stretching strain, the more perfect the micro-nano structure on the ,surface of the superelastic nanofiber, the height of the micro-nano array on the ,fiber surface is larger, and the contact area changes more ,under the action of pressure, therefore, the pressure sensing

[0127] The humidity sensing performance test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the relative change rate of resistance of Comparative Example 4 in the relative humidity range of 0-100% is only 5%, while the relative resistance change rate of Example 4 in the same humidity range is as high as 66%. This is mainly because the silver nanowires in Comparative Example 4 have no hygroscopic functional groups and are insensitive to humidity. In contrast, the PEDOT:PSS and MXene used in Example 1 both contain a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups and polar groups, and have more hygroscopic active sites. In addition, there is a synergistic effect between silver nanowires, PEDOT:PSS, and MXene, and the highly conductive network structure formed can further enhance its humidity sensing performance. Therefore, Example 1 has better humidity sensing performance.

[0128] The temperature sensing performance of Example 1, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 is as follows Figure 7As shown in the figure, within the temperature range of 20-150°C, the relative resistance change of Example 1 is as high as -40%. This is much higher than that of Comparative Example 4 (-3%) and Comparative Example 5 (-8%). This is mainly because the silver nanowires in Comparative Example 4, as a metal nanomaterial, are insensitive to temperature changes; the MXene in Comparative Example 5 has a smaller temperature-responsive resistance due to surface oxidation caused by temperature increase; and the PEDOT:PSS in Example 1, as a typical thermoelectric material, is more sensitive to temperature and therefore has higher temperature sensing performance.

[0129] The triboelectric performance results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 6 are as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the output voltages of Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 at the same motion frequency are 95.5V and 208V respectively, and Example 1 has a higher output voltage, which is mainly attributed to the fact that the longer supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing time in Example 1 can increase the loading amount of the conductive material and the corresponding triboelectric properties.

[0130] The strain sensing performance of the fabrics of Example 1 and Example 6 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in the figure, Example 1 has a higher sensor coefficient, which is as high as 14, much higher than Example 6 (sensitivity: 6.4). This is mainly due to the fact that the conductive paste used for screen printing in Example 6 is carbon black, which has a much lower conductivity than the conductive silver paste in Example 1.

[0131] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Within the scope of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0132] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system, comprising a fabric-based energy collection unit and a fabric-based energy storage unit, characterized in that: The fabric-based energy collection unit is a fabric nanogenerator, the fabric-based energy storage unit is a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor, the fabric nanogenerator and the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor are assembled in series, and the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system also includes a sensor group connected in series with the fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor, the sensor group including a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a strain sensor and a pressure sensor connected in parallel; the method for preparing a superelastic nanofiber felt as a sensing layer of a pressure sensor and a humidity sensor by pre-stretching and electrostatic spinning is to first prepare a superelastic polymer nanofiber felt by electrospinning, and then fix the prepared superelastic nanofiber felt by a biaxial stretching method, wherein the transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation are 100%-600%, and 5-200 mg / mL of conductive active material is loaded onto the surface of the superelastic nanofiber felt by spraying, the number of spraying is 1-30 times, and then drying at 30-80°C for 5-30 minutes; finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses are cancelled, thereby obtaining a pressure and humidity sensor sensing layer with a surface micro-nano structure.

2. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: One-step preparation of a fabric-based energy harvesting unit and a fabric-based energy storage unit: first, a nanogenerator electrode and a supercapacitor electrode template substrate are constructed on the surface of a fabric substrate through a template, and then the electrode template substrate is dyed, the fabric is dried, and the dyeing is repeated to obtain the result; Step 2: Prepare relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group by screen printing technology; the relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group include a pressure sensor electrode layer, a humidity sensor electrode layer, a temperature sensor electrode and a strain sensor electrode; Step 3: Prepare superelastic nanofiber felt as the sensing layer of pressure sensor and humidity sensor by pre-stretching and electrospinning; Step 4: Integrate and encapsulate the fabric-based energy harvesting unit and the fabric-based energy storage unit prepared in step 1, the relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group prepared in step 2, and the sensing layer prepared in step 3; Step three: The method of preparing superelastic nanofiber felt as the sensing layer of pressure sensor and humidity sensor by pre-stretching and electrospinning is to first prepare superelastic polymer nanofiber felt by electrospinning, and then fix the prepared superelastic nanofiber felt by biaxial stretching, wherein the transverse and longitudinal tensile elongation are 100%-600%, and 5-200 mg / mL of conductive active material is loaded onto the surface of superelastic nanofiber felt by spraying, the number of spraying is 1-30 times, and then dried at 30-80°C for 5-30 minutes; finally, the transverse and longitudinal tensile stresses are cancelled to obtain the pressure and humidity sensor sensing layer with surface micro-nano structure.

3. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 1, the conductive active material is dispersed by supercritical carbon dioxide, the electrode template substrate is dyed at 50-130° C. for 10-90 minutes, the fabric is dried at 40-90° C. for 5-30 minutes, and the dyeing is repeated 1-5 times, and the loading amount of the conductive material on the fabric is 20wt%-90wt%.

4. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conductive active materials include MXene, graphene, carbon black, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polyaniline, silver colloid, silver nanowires, copper nanowires, gold nanowires and composites thereof; the fabric substrate includes cotton, polyester, nylon, spandex, linen and viscose.

5. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensor system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conductive active material is 50-300 mg / mL of MXene, 5-50 mg / mL of a silver nanowire dispersion, or a mixture of MXene and silver nanowires, wherein the mass ratio of MXene to silver nanowires is 1:1 to 300:1, the lateral width of the MXene is 0.1-10 μm, and the length of the silver nanowire is 10-50 μm.

6. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the relevant electrode materials and electrodes of the fabric-based sensor group through screen printing technology is to fix the fabric at the bottom of the screen with a pre-tension of 0.1-20cN, pour a conductive paste with a concentration of 0.1-20wt% onto the surface of the screen, and scrape the conductive paste onto the surface of the fabric at a speed of 0.05-3cm / s. The scraping is repeated 1-20 times, and after taking it out, it is dried at 50-80°C for 5-30 minutes to obtain the electrode layers of the temperature sensor and strain sensor, as well as the pressure sensor and humidity sensor.

7. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensor system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conductive paste includes MXene, graphene, carbon black, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanotube, graphite, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT:PSS, Clevios ph1000, polyaniline, silver glue, silver nanowire, copper nanowire, gold nanowire and a composite thereof.

8. The method for preparing the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-element drive sensing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for integration and packaging in step four is to use the fabric nanogenerator prepared in step one as an energy collection unit and then assemble it in series with a fabric-based all-solid-state supercapacitor through bridge rectification, wherein 1-10 supercapacitors are connected in parallel and then in series with 1-10 supercapacitors; the pressure and humidity sensor sensing layers of the electrospun surface micro-nano structure are respectively stacked and assembled with the pressure sensor electrode layer and the humidity sensor electrode layer prepared by screen printing, and the electrically insulating nanofiber felt is used as the packaging layer to encapsulate the pressure sensor by thermal bonding, stitching or ultrasonic bonding; then the prepared humidity sensor, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and strain sensor are connected in parallel, and then connected in series with the supercapacitor to prepare a fully fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system.

9. Application of the all-fabric-based self-powered multi-drive sensing system according to claim 1 in smart sleep mattresses, smart insoles, smart temperature and humidity sensing clothing, sports monitoring, rehabilitation therapy, smart keyboards, speech recognition, and asthma monitoring.

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