An automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation and its working method

Abstract

This invention relates to an automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation and its operating method, comprising a support base, support arms, translation seats, and spray seats. A pulley seat that slides along a slide rail is mounted on the top of the support base, and the slide rail is located on the top of the greenhouse. Support arms are mounted on both sides of the bottom of the support base. The support arms and the support base are reinforced by several connecting steel cables. A T-shaped rail is provided on the support arm, and several translation seats are slidably mounted on the T-shaped rail. A spray seat is mounted on the bottom side of each translation seat. A water pipe seat is mounted on the support base. A first connecting hose connects adjacent translation seats and between each translation seat and the water pipe seat. The water pipe seat is connected to a liquid pump via a first main pipe. A blockage-clearing mechanism is installed on each translation seat. Through four core innovations—dynamic adjustment, self-cleaning, energy-saving zoning, and intelligent control—this invention solves the pain points of traditional greenhouse fertilization devices, such as uneven coverage, frequent blockages, high energy consumption, and reliance on manual labor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of greenhouse cultivation technology, and in particular to an automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Greenhouse fertilization devices are important equipment for precise and efficient fertilization in modern agriculture. They are especially suitable for closed or semi-closed planting environments such as greenhouses and sheds. They spray fertilizer-water mixtures through nozzles to cover crop leaves and roots.

[0003] Traditional fixed sprinkler irrigation or track-mounted fertilizer applicators cannot dynamically adjust the nozzle spacing, and the nozzles are generally evenly distributed. However, during fertilization, different varieties of crops are planted in the greenhouse at different times, and the planting distribution of different crops varies. Furthermore, the spraying density of the same crop varies at different growth stages. Fertilization under a fixed mode can easily lead to uneven crop growth, and some water and fertilizer may be sprayed into reserved spaces designed for ease of work, resulting in resource waste. During fertilization, water and fertilizer can easily clog the nozzles. Traditional nozzles need to be manually disassembled and cleaned after clogging, which affects the continuity of operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by this invention is to provide an automatic fertilization device and its working method for greenhouse cultivation. It solves the problems of traditional fixed sprinkler irrigation or track fertilization machines, which cannot dynamically adjust the nozzle spacing and whose nozzles are generally evenly distributed. During fertilization, different varieties of crops are planted in the greenhouse at different times, and the planting distribution of different crops varies. Furthermore, the spraying density of the same crop varies at different growth stages. Fertilization in a fixed mode can easily lead to uneven crop growth, and some water and fertilizer are sprayed into the reserved space set up for convenient work, resulting in resource waste. During fertilization, water and fertilizer are easily clogged in the nozzles. Traditional nozzles need to be manually disassembled and cleaned after clogging, which affects the continuity of operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation includes a support base, a pulley base, a support arm, a T-shaped rail, a translation base, and a spray base. The support base has a pulley base mounted on its top that slides along the rail, which is located at the top of the greenhouse. Support arms are mounted on both sides of the bottom of the support base. The support arms are reinforced to the support base by several connecting steel cables. A T-shaped rail is mounted on the support arm, and several translation bases are slidably mounted on the T-shaped rail. A spray base is mounted on the bottom side of each translation base. A water pipe seat is mounted on the support base. A first connecting hose connects adjacent translation bases and between each translation base and the water pipe seat. The water pipe seat is connected to a liquid pump via a first main pipe. A blockage-clearing mechanism is mounted on each translation base.

[0007] Preferably, the translation seat has an inner cavity, and water channels are provided on both sides of the inner cavity, and the water channels are connected to the first connecting hose.

[0008] Preferably, the unblocking mechanism includes a seat sleeve installed on the top of the translation seat, a sealing seat installed in the seat sleeve and the inner cavity, the inner diameter of the seat sleeve being the same as the diameter of the inner cavity, a sealing ring being provided on the outer side of the sealing seat, and a spring being installed at the bottom of the sealing seat and located in the inner cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the seat cover has a first air hole, which is connected to the air duct through an air nozzle. The air duct is connected to the second connecting hose. The bottom of the sealing seat has an air groove, and the side wall of the sealing seat has a second air hole that communicates with the air groove.

[0010] Preferably, an air tube seat is installed on the support base, the second connecting hose is connected to the air tube seat, and the air tube seat is connected to the air pump through the second main pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the translation seat is equipped with a plurality of track wheels adapted to the T-shaped rail, and a first motor is installed inside the translation seat, with the output end of the first motor connected to one of the track wheels.

[0012] Preferably, a second motor is installed at the end of the support arm, and a sliding groove is provided on the support arm. A threaded rod is installed at the output end of the second motor within the sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the slide block, and a mounting base is installed on the slide block. An electric push rod is installed on the mounting base, and a pressure plate is installed through the telescopic end of the electric push rod on the mounting base.

[0014] A method for operating an automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation, the specific operating steps of which are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: The first motor drives the track wheel to rotate, which in turn moves the translation seat on the support arm. The spacing of the translation seats is adjusted according to the spacing and distribution of crops in the greenhouse, so as to adjust the spacing of the spray seats. During the adjustment process, the first connecting hose ensures that the translation seats are interconnected.

[0016] Step 2: The liquid pump works to transport water and fertilizer through the first main pipe and water pipe seat to the first connecting hose, and then through the first connecting hose to the inner cavity of the translation seat. The fertilizer is then sprayed out through the spray seat and moves along the greenhouse slide rail through the pulley seat, realizing the overall movement of the device.

[0017] Step 3: The second motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, which in turn moves the threaded sliding block along the support arm. After the initial adjustment of the sliding block spacing, when the sliding block spacing is too large, the excess sliding blocks at the end of the support arm are idle. The sliding block moves to the first idle sliding block, and the electric push rod drives the pressure plate to move down and contact the sealing block. The sealing block moves down in the seat sleeve and inner cavity until the water channel is blocked, completing the sealing of the spray seat and the water channel. When the spray seat is blocked, the sealing block moves down to the second air hole, which corresponds to the first air hole. At this time, the second connecting hose is connected to the inner cavity. The air pump connects to the corresponding inner cavity through the second main pipe, air pipe seat, and second connecting hose. The air pump works in the inner cavity to generate pulse negative pressure, which draws the impurities blocking the spray seat into the inner cavity. They enter the air pump through the second connecting hose, air pipe seat, and second main pipe, and are filtered and discharged through the filter set on the air pump. When the pressure plate moves up, the compressed spring drives the sealing block to move up and return to its original state. At this time, the water channel and the inner cavity are connected again.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it adopts a T-shaped rail and a sliding seat design, and the track wheel is driven by the first motor to realize flexible adjustment of the sprayer spacing, adapting to different crop row spacing and different crops. The dual-movement design of the support arm and pulley seat can move horizontally along the slide rail at the top of the greenhouse, while the sprayers on the support arm can be longitudinally positioned to form a three-dimensional precision fertilization network.

[0019] The electric push rod controls the pressure plate to press down on the sealing seat, thereby blocking the water channel and connecting the air channel. It automatically starts the unblocking process without stopping the machine. The air pump generates negative pressure to suck the blockage from the spray seat into the inner cavity and discharge it through the air duct, automatically completing the blockage and greatly improving the unblocking efficiency.

[0020] The threaded rod rotates, which in turn drives the threaded sliding block to move along the support arm to the idle translation seat. The pressure plate presses down to close the water channel, cutting off the water and fertilizer supply to the sprayer and activating only the sprayers that need to be operated, thus reducing pumping energy consumption.

[0021] Through four core innovations—dynamic adjustment, self-cleaning, energy-saving zoning, and intelligent control—it solves the pain points of traditional greenhouse fertilization devices, such as uneven coverage, frequent clogging, high energy consumption, and reliance on manual labor. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the translation seat, seat sleeve, and sealing seat of the present invention.

[0026] Legend:

[0027] 1. Support base; 2. Pulley seat; 3. Connecting steel rope; 4. Support arm; 5. T-rail; 6. Translation seat; 7. Spray seat; 8. Water pipe seat; 9. First connecting hose; 10. Inner cavity; 11. Water channel; 12. Seat sleeve; 13. Seat seat; 14. First air hole; 15. Air nozzle; 16. Air duct; 17. Second connecting hose; 18. Air groove; 19. Second air hole; 20. Spring; 21. Air pipe seat; 22. First main pipe; 23. Second main pipe; 24. Track wheel; 25. First motor; 26. Second motor; 27. Slide groove; 28. Threaded rod; 29. ​​Slide seat; 30. Mounting seat; 31. Electric push rod; 32. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Specific implementation examples are given below.

[0030] See Figures 1-4An automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation includes a support base 1, pulley seats 2, support arms 4, T-shaped rails 5, translation seats 6, and sprayers 7. The top of the support base 1 is equipped with pulley seats 2 that slide along the rails, which are located at the top of the greenhouse. Support arms 4 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the support base 1. The support arms 4 are reinforced to the support base 1 by several connecting steel cables 3. T-shaped rails 5 are mounted on the support arms 4, and several translation seats 6 are slidably mounted on the T-shaped rails 5. Several track wheels 24 adapted to the T-shaped rails 5 are mounted on the translation seats 6. A first motor 25 is installed inside the translation seat 6, and the output end of the first motor 25 is connected to one of the track wheels 24. The operation of the first motor 25 drives the track wheel 24 to rotate, thereby moving the translation seat 6 on the support arms 4. The device adjusts according to the spacing and distribution of crops in the greenhouse. The spacing of the translation seats 6 allows for adjustment of the spacing of the spray seats 7. During adjustment, the first connecting hose 9 ensures the interconnection between the translation seats 6. Spray seats 7 are installed on the bottom side of the translation seats 6, and water pipe seats 8 are installed on the support seat 1. The first connecting hose 9 connects adjacent translation seats 6 and between translation seats 6 and water pipe seats 8. The water pipe seats 8 are connected to the liquid pump through the first main pipe 22. An inner cavity 10 is opened inside the translation seats 6. Water channels 11 are provided on both sides of the inner cavity 10, and the water channels 11 are connected to the first connecting hose 9. When the liquid pump works, it delivers water and fertilizer through the first main pipe 22 and water pipe seats 8 to the first connecting hose 9. After passing through the first connecting hose 9, the water and fertilizer are delivered sequentially to the inner cavity 10 of the translation seats 6, sprayed out through the spray seats 7, and moved along the greenhouse slide rail through the pulley seat 2 to realize the overall movement of the device. A blockage clearing mechanism is installed on the translation seats 6.

[0031] The unblocking mechanism includes a seat sleeve 12 installed on top of the translation seat 6. A sealing seat 13 is installed inside the seat sleeve 12 and the inner cavity 10. The inner diameter of the seat sleeve 12 is the same as the diameter of the inner cavity 10. A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the sealing seat 13. A spring 20 is installed at the bottom of the sealing seat 13, located inside the inner cavity 10. A first air hole 14 is provided on the seat sleeve 12, and the first air hole 14 is connected to an air duct 16 via an air nozzle 15. The air duct 16 is connected to a second connecting hose 17. An air groove 18 is provided at the bottom of the sealing seat 13, and a second air hole 19 communicating with the air groove 18 is provided on the side wall of the sealing seat 13. A support seat 1 is equipped with... The air tube seat 21 is connected to the second connecting hose 17. The air tube seat 21 is connected to the air pump via the second main pipe 23. A second motor 26 is installed at the end of the support arm 4. A sliding groove 27 is provided on the support arm 4. A threaded rod 28 is installed in the sliding groove 27 at the output end of the second motor 26. The threaded rod 28 is threadedly connected to the slide seat 29. A mounting seat 30 is installed on the slide seat 29. An electric push rod 31 is installed on the mounting seat 30. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 31 passes through the mounting seat 30 and is fitted with a pressure plate 32. The second motor 26 drives the threaded rod 28 to rotate, thereby driving the threaded connection. The slide 29 moves along the support arm 4. After the initial adjustment of the spacing of the translation seats 6, when the spacing of the translation seats 6 is too large, the excess translation seats 6 at the end of the support arm 4 are in an idle state. At this time, the slide 29 moves to the first idle translation seat 6, and the electric push rod 31 drives the pressure plate 32 to move down and contact the sealing seat 13. At this time, the sealing seat 13 moves down in the seat sleeve 12 and the inner cavity 10 until the water channel 11 is blocked, completing the sealing of the spray seat 7 and the water channel 11. When the spray seat 7 is blocked, the sealing seat 13 moves down to the second air hole 19 and the first When the air hole 14 corresponds, the second connecting hose 17 is connected to the inner cavity 10. The air pump is connected to the corresponding inner cavity 10 through the second main pipe 23, the air pipe seat 21 and the second connecting hose 17. The air pump works in the inner cavity 10 to generate pulse negative pressure, which in turn draws the impurities blocking the spray seat 7 into the inner cavity 10. The impurities then enter the air pump through the second connecting hose 17, the air pipe seat 21 and the second main pipe 23, and are filtered and discharged through the filter set on the air pump. When the pressure plate 32 moves up, the compressed spring 20 drives the sealing seat 13 to move up and return to its original state. At this time, the water channel 11 is connected to the inner cavity 10 again.

[0032] The design adopts a T-shaped rail 5 and a sliding seat 6. The first motor 25 drives the track wheel 24 to realize flexible adjustment of the spacing of the sprayers 7, which can adapt to different crop row spacing and different crops. The support arm 4 and pulley seat 2 have a dual-movement design, which can move horizontally along the slide rail at the top of the greenhouse. At the same time, the sprayers 7 on the support arm 4 can be longitudinally positioned to form a three-dimensional precision fertilization network.

[0033] The electric push rod 31 controls the pressure plate 32 to press down the sealing seat 13, thereby blocking the water channel 11 and connecting the air channel. The unblocking process is started automatically without the need for machine shutdown. The air pump generates negative pressure to suck the blockage from the spray seat 7 into the inner cavity 10 and discharge it through the air duct 16, thus automatically completing the blockage and greatly improving the unblocking efficiency.

[0034] The threaded rod 28 rotates, which in turn drives the threaded sliding block 29 to move along the support arm 4 to the idle translation block 6. The pressure plate 32 presses down to close the water channel 11, cutting off the water and fertilizer supply to the spray block 7, activating only the spray block 7 that needs to be operated, thus reducing pumping energy consumption.

[0035] Through four core innovations—dynamic adjustment, self-cleaning, energy-saving zoning, and intelligent control—it solves the pain points of traditional greenhouse fertilization devices, such as uneven coverage, frequent clogging, high energy consumption, and reliance on manual labor.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation, characterized in that, The system includes a support base (1), a pulley seat (2), a support arm (4), a T-shaped rail (5), a translation seat (6), and a spray seat (7). The top of the support base (1) is equipped with a pulley seat (2) that slides along the slide rail, and the slide rail is located at the top of the greenhouse. Support arms (4) are installed on both sides of the bottom of the support base (1). The support arms (4) and the support base (1) are reinforced by several connecting steel ropes (3). A T-shaped rail (5) is provided on the support arm (4). Several translation seats (6) are slidably installed on the T-shaped rail (5). A spray seat (7) is installed on the bottom side of the translation seat (6). A water pipe seat (8) is installed on the support base (1). A first connecting hose (9) is connected between adjacent translation seats (6) and between translation seats (6) and water pipe seat (8). The water pipe seat (8) is connected to a liquid pump through a first main pipe (22). A blockage clearing mechanism is installed on the translation seat (6). The translation seat (6) has an inner cavity (10) and water channels (11) are provided on both sides of the inner cavity (10), and the water channels (11) are connected to the first connecting hose (9); The unblocking mechanism includes a seat sleeve (12) installed on the top of the translation seat (6). A sealing seat (13) is installed in the seat sleeve (12) and the inner cavity (10). The inner diameter of the seat sleeve (12) is the same as the diameter of the inner cavity (10). A sealing ring is provided on the outside of the sealing seat (13). A spring (20) is installed at the bottom of the sealing seat (13) and inside the inner cavity (10). A first air hole (14) is opened on the seat sleeve (12), and the first air hole (14) is connected to an air nozzle. (15) is connected to the air duct (16), and the air duct (16) is connected to the second connecting hose (17). The bottom of the sealing seat (13) is provided with an air groove (18), and the side wall of the sealing seat (13) is provided with a second air hole (19) communicating with the air groove (18). An air pipe seat (21) is installed on the support seat (1). The second connecting hose (17) is connected to the air pipe seat (21), and the air pipe seat (21) is connected to the air pump through the second main pipe (23).

2. The automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The translation seat (6) is equipped with several track wheels (24) that are adapted to the T-shaped rail (5). The translation seat (6) is equipped with a first motor (25), and the output end of the first motor (25) is connected to one of the track wheels (24).

3. An automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support arm (4) is equipped with a second motor (26) at its end. The support arm (4) has a groove (27) on it. The output end of the second motor (26) is located in the groove (27) and a threaded rod (28) is installed thereon.

4. An automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The threaded rod (28) is threadedly connected to the slide (29), and a mounting seat (30) is installed on the slide (29). An electric push rod (31) is installed on the mounting seat (30), and a pressure plate (32) is installed through the extension end of the electric push rod (31) through the mounting seat (30).

5. The working method of the automatic fertilization device for greenhouse cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific operational steps of this working method are as follows: Step 1: The first motor (25) drives the track wheel (24) to rotate, which in turn drives the translation seat (6) to move on the support arm (4). According to the spacing and distribution of crops in the greenhouse, the spacing of the translation seats (6) is adjusted to adjust the spacing of the spray seats (7). During the adjustment process, the first connecting hose (9) ensures the mutual connection between the translation seats (6). Step 2: The liquid pump works to transport water and fertilizer through the first main pipe (22) and water pipe seat (8) to the first connecting hose (9), and then through the first connecting hose (9) to the inner cavity (10) of the translation seat (6), and sprayed out through the spray seat (7), and moved along the greenhouse slide rail through the pulley seat (2) to realize the overall movement of the device; Step 3: The second motor (26) drives the threaded rod (28) to rotate, which in turn drives the threaded sliding block (29) to move along the support arm (4). After the initial adjustment of the spacing of the translation seats (6), when the spacing of the translation seats (6) is too large, the excess translation seats (6) at the end of the support arm (4) are in an idle state. At this time, the sliding block (29) moves to the first idle translation seat (6), and the electric push rod (31) drives the pressure plate (32) to move down and contact the sealing seat (13). At this time, the sealing seat (13) moves down in the seat sleeve (12) and the inner cavity (10) until the water channel (11) is blocked, thus completing the sealing of the spray seat (7) and the water channel (11). When the spray seat (7) is blocked, the sealing seat (13) is sealed. The sealing seat (13) moves down to the second air hole (19) corresponding to the first air hole (14), at which time the second connecting hose (17) is connected to the inner cavity (10). The air pump is connected to the corresponding inner cavity (10) through the second main pipe (23), the air pipe seat (21) and the second connecting hose (17). The air pump works in the inner cavity (10) to generate pulse negative pressure, thereby sucking the impurities blocking the spray seat (7) into the inner cavity (10). They enter the air pump through the second connecting hose (17), the air pipe seat (21) and the second main pipe (23), and are filtered and discharged through the filter set on the air pump. When the pressure plate (32) moves up, the compressed spring (20) drives the sealing seat (13) to move up and return to its original state. At this time, the water channel (11) and the inner cavity (10) are connected again.

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