Micro soil dressing matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro alien soil matrix and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding organic matters, metal complex ions, fertilizers, urea hydrolase inhibitors and adhesives into soil, and uniformly mixing to obtain micro alien soil aggregates, namely the micro alien soil matrix; seeds of a salt-alkali-tolerant pioneer plant variety are put into the micro soil replacement matrix to obtain seeds wrapped by the micro soil replacement matrix, and then the seeds are sown in soil to be treated. According to the method, the urea hydrolase inhibitor is used for improving the micro alien soil, the improved micro alien soil matrix is used for saline-alkali soil vegetation restoration, the improved micro alien soil matrix creates an excellent microenvironment for seed germination, nutrients and a good structure required by plant growth are provided, germination and growth of pioneer plant seeds are promoted, and the survival rate of saline-alkali soil is increased. The ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land treatment, and more specifically, to a micro-soil matrix, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The main reasons for the formation of saline-alkali land are manifold, including overgrazing and reclamation; rainfall being less than evapotranspiration and evaporation, with underground water rising, and salt ions rising along with it. After the water evapotranspires and evaporates, the salt ions accumulate on the land surface, forming severely saline-alkali patches; most saline-alkali lands are low-lying closed grassland areas. The south-north gradient of the micro-topography causes water erosion, the soil organic matter is uneven, and it is difficult for plants to grow; the soil is compact, with a small porosity and poor water permeability, which affects the retention of seeds and their germination and rooting; the seeds of plants in saline-alkali land are small and light, and coupled with the flat land and strong wind, a huge seed flow is formed, resulting in a small soil seed bank and few plant species sources; the soil pH value of saline-alkali land is greatly increased, generally with a pH value above 9.0, and the soil pH value of saline-alkali patches ≥ 11.5, making it difficult for non-halophytic plants to germinate, take root, and grow on saline-alkali patches.

[0003] The existing technologies for treating saline-alkali land mainly include the following methods: First, the biological method: Although planting plants, especially halophytes, has good effects, the uncertainty of planting techniques and plant selection affects its popularization. Due to the complexity of planting techniques and plant selection, its drawback is limited technology promotion; Second, the natural enclosure method: Although the existing natural enclosure restoration method has low investment, because it completely relies on natural processes, it takes a long time to see effects. Therefore, its drawback is the long treatment time required; Third, the physical sand pressing and alkali addition method: A large amount of farmyard manure needs to be applied on saline-alkali patches, and the construction process is complicated. Therefore, its drawback is high cost and time-consuming; Fourth, the chemical neutralization method of adding acid and acid-modifying alkali: A large amount of acid needs to be added, and the acid has dangerous properties such as corrosiveness. Due to the large amount of acid required and the dangerous nature of the acid, its drawback is dangerous operation; Fifth, the plant covering method: Because it has a high requirement for biomass, and it is difficult to obtain a large amount of biomass, its drawback is that it is difficult to solve the energy problem.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the micro-soil technology developed on the basis of the biological method and the physical method has been proposed in the prior art. A micro-environment is created to introduce pioneer plants to restore the vegetation of saline-alkali land. Organic matter such as grass clippings is added to the micro-soil, and then a variety of functional auxiliary materials are added, and finally the binder starch is added to form micro-soil aggregates. The salt-tolerant pioneer plant variety Puccinellia distans is selected as the seed, and the seed is placed in the micro-soil aggregates so that it can absorb water in water and does not disperse, still maintaining the aggregate structure shape. However, the existing micro-soil technology is difficult to ensure the germination and growth amount of seeds.

[0005] As can be seen from the above analysis, the existing saline-alkali land improvement and treatment technologies have many disadvantages. Therefore, how to provide a new type of matrix for the micro-topsoil technology to provide a good germination environment for seeds is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a new type of aggregate containing special components such as enzyme inhibitors, which can provide a good germination environment for seeds, enhance the stress resistance of seeds in saline-alkali land, promote growth and increase biomass, further improve and treat saline-alkali land, reduce agricultural production costs, and improve the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural production.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A preparation method of a micro-topsoil matrix, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Adding organic matter, metal complex ions, fertilizer, urea hydrolase inhibitor and binder to the soil, and mixing evenly to obtain micro-topsoil aggregates, which are the micro-topsoil matrix.

[0010] Preferably, the organic matter is one or more of grass clippings and leaves, and the ratio of the organic matter to the soil is 150-200 g: 8-10 kg.

[0011] Preferably, the metal complex ions are complex ions of EDTA-Fe 2+ , and based on the volume of the soil matrix, the addition amount is 50 mg / L to improve the absorption efficiency of plants for trace element nutrients.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with N-P-K: 15-15-15, and the weight ratio of the fertilizer to the soil is 150-200 g: 8-10 kg.

[0013] Preferably, based on the volume of the soil matrix, the addition amount of the urea hydrolase inhibitor is 1-5 mg / L.

[0014] Preferably, the binder is one or more of starch and flour, and the ratio of the binder to the soil is 300-350 g: 15-20 kg.

[0015] The present invention also provides a micro-topsoil matrix prepared by the above technical solution, and the pH of the micro-topsoil is 4.5-7.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application of the micro-topsoil matrix prepared by the above technical solution or the micro-topsoil matrix in the improvement and treatment of saline-alkali land.

[0017] Furthermore, the above application includes the following steps:

[0018] Put the seeds of salt-tolerant pioneer plant varieties into the micro-vegetable soil matrix to obtain seeds wrapped with the micro-vegetable soil matrix, and then sow them in the land to be treated.

[0019] Preferably, the salt-tolerant pioneer plant varieties are one or more of Astragalus adsurgens, Melilotus officinalis, Medicago sativa, Lespedeza dahurica, Phragmites australis, Themeda triandra, Elymus dahuricus, Melilotus albus, and the ratio of the seeds of the salt-tolerant pioneer plant varieties to the micro-vegetable soil aggregates is 15-20 mg: 7-10 g.

[0020] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a micro-vegetable soil matrix, its preparation method and application, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The novel aggregates of the present invention are made for different regions and different crops, and do not require a complex plant selection process. The present invention greatly improves the convenience of popularization.

[0022] Through the synergistic effect of the nutrients and enzyme inhibitors in the aggregates, the present invention can create a superior germination and growth environment for seeds. Seeds grow rapidly in this optimized environment. The vegetation restoration time of saline-alkali land can be significantly shortened, and the restoration process of the ecosystem can be accelerated.

[0023] The components of the aggregates of the present invention are all safety materials, such as organic fertilizers, urease inhibitors, etc., and there are no corrosive and other dangerous characteristics, avoiding safety accidents caused by improper operation.

[0024] In the process of making the aggregates of the present invention, attention is paid to the efficient use and sustainability of materials. The components in the aggregates can play the greatest role with limited resources and do not require a large amount of additional biomass.

[0025] The present invention additionally adds an enzyme inhibitor on the basis of the micro-vegetable soil technology, which can promote growth and increase biomass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is the superiority effect diagram of urease inhibitor on promoting seed germination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] The preparation process of the micro-soil matrix includes the following steps:

[0031] Select soil. The pH value of the soil can be neutral or slightly acidic (pH value is 4.5 - 6.5). Add organic matter, metal complex ions, fertilizer, urea hydrolase inhibitor, and binder to the soil, and mix evenly to obtain micro-soil aggregates, which are the micro-soil matrix;

[0032] Among them, the organic matter can be grass clippings or leaves, and the ratio of organic matter to soil is 200g:10kg;

[0033] The metal complex ion is the complex ion of EDTA-Fe 2+ Based on the volume of the soil base, the addition amount is 50mg / L;

[0034] Compound fertilizer with N-P-K: 15-15-15. The weight ratio of the fertilizer to the soil is 200g:10kg;

[0035] Based on the volume of the soil base, the addition amount of the urea hydrolase inhibitor is 1 - 5mg / L;

[0036] The binder can be starch or flour, and the ratio of the binder to the soil is 350g:20kg.

[0037] The application process is as follows:

[0038] (1) Select pioneer plant varieties tolerant to salinity and alkalinity as seeds, such as Puccinellia seeds. The ratio of pioneer plant seeds tolerant to salinity and alkalinity to micro-soil aggregates is 20mg:7.5g;

[0039] (2) Put the seeds into the micro-soil matrix to form seeds wrapped with the micro-soil matrix;

[0040] The prepared seeds wrapped with the micro-soil matrix can be directly applied to the restoration of saline-alkali land, that is:

[0041] Bury the seeds wrapped with the micro-soil matrix in the soil, build a cofferdam to accumulate water, ensure the water conditions for seed germination, and the seeds germinate and grow under suitable conditions to form vegetation, achieving the purpose of restoring vegetation on saline-alkali land.

[0042] In the above solution, the water accumulation in the cofferdam can also use a rubble masonry cofferdam or a steel sheet pile cofferdam. The rubble masonry cofferdam is an efficient alternative cofferdam solution, suitable for scenarios that require a stable structure and a long service life. This method forms a solid cofferdam structure by using rubble and cement mortar, which can effectively prevent water loss and soil erosion, and ensure the water conditions for seed germination; The steel sheet pile cofferdam is a commonly used cofferdam structure, which forms a cofferdam by driving steel sheet piles. This method is suitable for scenarios that require rapid construction and temporary cofferdams. The steel sheet pile cofferdam can effectively prevent water loss and soil erosion, and ensure the water conditions for seed germination.

[0043] Pioneer plant varieties tolerant to salinity and alkalinity can be planted in combination, such as Astragalus adsurgens, Melilotus officinalis, Medicago sativa, Lespedeza daurica, Phragmites australis, Themeda triandra, Elymus dahuricus, Melilotus albus, etc. Through the combination of multiple plants, a stable vegetation community can be formed, improving soil stability and biodiversity.

[0044] Organic matter can be replaced with organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. Using organic-inorganic compound fertilizers can provide both organic matter and inorganic nutrients at the same time, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, enhance soil enzyme activity, and promote plant growth. Organic-inorganic compound fertilizers can reduce the evaporation of nitrogen and ammonia to a certain extent, extend the time for phosphorus and potassium to be fixed in the soil, and improve the effectiveness of nutrients entering the soil.

[0045] The binder can be replaced with humus. Humus is a high-molecular organic compound widely present in soil, sediment, peat, and weathered coal. Humus contains various functional groups, which can adsorb heavy metal ions in the soil to form metal-organic complexes with different stabilities, thus affecting the migration, transformation, and bioavailability of heavy metals. Using humus can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and enhance the water retention capacity and nutrient supply capacity of the soil.

[0046] Experimental Example

[0047] Regarding the effect of urea hydrolase inhibitors on seed germination, the following experiments were conducted:

[0048] 1. Seed disinfection: Take an appropriate amount of Puccinellia distans seeds, wash them with sterile water, and then disinfect them with a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution;

[0049] 2. Solution preparation: Prepare a sodium bicarbonate solution with NaHCO3:Na2CO3 of 9:1, filter and sterilize it, and add 5 mg / L of urea hydrolase inhibitor and 50 mg / L of EDTA-Fe 2+ ;

[0050] 3. Treat the seeds: Cultivate them in an incubator at a constant temperature of 25 °C in a petri dish containing three layers of filter paper.

[0051] The seed germination effect is as Figure 1 shown.Figure 1 Specific description: Under the ratio of NaHCO3:Na2CO3 being 9:1, add 5 mg / L of urea hydrolase inhibitor and 50 mg / L of EDTA-Fe 2+ , aiming to ensure that pioneer seeds can promote germination in a simulated saline-alkali environment, and the attached figure results show that EDTA-Fe 2+ has a synergistic effect with the urea hydrolase inhibitor.

[0052] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method section.

[0053] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a micro-soil substrate, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Add organic matter, metal complex ions, fertilizer, urea hydrolase inhibitor and binder to the soil, and mix evenly to obtain micro-aggregate soil pellets, which are the micro-aggregate soil matrix.

2. The preparation method of a micro-soil substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic matter is one or more of grass clippings and leaves, and the ratio of the organic matter to the soil is 150-200 g: 8-10 kg.

3. The preparation method of a kind of micro-soil matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal complex ion is an EDTA-Fe 2+ complex ion, and the addition amount is 50 mg / L based on the volume of the soil substrate.

4. The preparation method of a kind of micro-soil matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with N-P-K: 15-15-15, and the weight ratio of the fertilizer to the soil is 150-200 g: 8-10 kg.

5. The preparation method of a micro-soil substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the volume of the soil base, the addition amount of the urea hydrolase inhibitor is 1-5 mg / L.

6. The preparation method of a micro-soil substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The binder is one or more of starch and flour, and the ratio of the binder to the soil is 300-350 g: 15-20 kg.

7. A micro-aggregate substrate prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The pH of the micro-aggregate soil is 4.5-7.

8. Application of the micro-aggregate soil matrix prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-6 or the micro-aggregate soil matrix according to claim 7 in the improvement and treatment of saline-alkali land.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Put the seeds of the pioneer plant variety resistant to saline-alkali into the micro-aggregate soil matrix to obtain seeds wrapped with the micro-aggregate soil matrix, and then sow them into the land to be treated.

10. The application according to claim 9, wherein The pioneer plant variety resistant to saline-alkali is one or more of Astragalus adsurgens, Melilotus officinalis, Medicago sativa, Lespedeza dahurica, Phragmites australis, Themeda japonica, Elymus dahuricus, Melilotus albus, and the ratio of the seeds of the pioneer plant variety resistant to saline-alkali to the micro-aggregate soil pellets is 15-20 mg: 7-10 g.

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