Efficient carassius auratus var pengze cultivation system and method based on biological floc regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a carassius auratus var pengze efficient breeding system and method based on biofloc regulation and control, and relates to the technical field of breeding systems. Comprising a water quality monitoring and regulating module for monitoring basic physicochemical indexes of water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and oxidation-reduction potential in real time based on a sensor array; and the biofloc culture and regulation module is used for constructing a biofloc culture reactor. Based on a biological floc growth model and microbial community dynamic monitoring, fine cultivation and management of the biological floc can be realized; according to nutritional requirements and culture environment conditions of carassius auratus var pengze in different growth stages, biofloc culture parameters are accurately adjusted, and high-quality biofloc which is moderate in particle size, rich in nutrition and rich in beneficial microorganisms is directionally cultured; the biofloc not only can be used as a natural bait for the carassius auratus pengze to eat in a culture water body so as to improve the feed utilization rate, but also can adsorb and degrade harmful substances in water so as to play a role in purifying water quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture systems, and in particular to an efficient aquaculture system and method for Pengze crucian carp based on biological floc regulation. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional aquaculture mode of Pengze crucian carp, water quality management mainly relies on manual experience for regular water changes and simple spraying of water quality regulators. However, this method has many drawbacks. First, there is a certain time lag and inaccuracy in manual detection of water quality indicators, making it difficult to grasp the dynamic changes of water quality in real time. Often, the problem can only be detected when the water quality problem is serious, missing the best regulation opportunity. Second, although water change operations can temporarily improve water quality, fish body stress reactions may be caused during the water change process, affecting their growth performance and immunity. Moreover, a large amount of water change will also lead to waste of water resources and an increase in aquaculture costs. In addition, with the continuous increase in aquaculture density, problems such as the accumulation of aquaculture waste and feed residues have become increasingly prominent. Simply relying on water changes is difficult to maintain a good water quality environment, easily leading to various fish diseases and causing huge economic losses to farmers.

[0003] After retrieval, the application solution with the Chinese patent application number CN202211633996.0 discloses an intelligent control-based aquatic product recirculating aquaculture system, including a server, a biological filtration device, an ozone sterilization device, an oxygen supply device, a temperature control device, a circulating water pipeline, and an aquaculture system soft water bag pool body. It also includes a water body detection module, a feeding monitoring module, and a physical filtration device. The water body detection module is used to detect the water quality in the aquaculture system soft water bag pool body, the feeding monitoring module is used to monitor the feeding status of fish, and the physical filtration device is used to filter the water quality in the aquaculture system soft water bag pool body; among them, the feeding monitoring module is arranged above the aquaculture system soft water bag pool body and is oriented towards the aquaculture system soft water bag pool body to monitor the feeding status of the fish group. The recirculating aquaculture system in the above patent has the problem that it is difficult to maintain a good water quality environment simply by relying on water changes, and there is still room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and to propose an efficient aquaculture system and method for Pengze crucian carp based on biological floc regulation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An efficient aquaculture system for Pengze crucian carp based on biological floc regulation, comprising: A water quality monitoring and regulation module, based on a sensor array, to monitor the basic physical and chemical indexes of water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and redox potential in real time; Biofloc culture and regulation module, construct a biofloc culture reactor, use activated sludge or specific microbial inoculum as the seed source, and promote the growth and development of bioflocs by controlling influent water quality, stirring intensity, and aeration volume parameters; Feed feeding and nutritional regulation module, determine the feed formula according to the nutritional requirement model of different growth stages of Pengze crucian carp; Disease monitoring module, install an underwater camera to monitor the behavior, body color, and feeding situation of Pengze crucian carp in real time, and use image recognition technology to analyze the health status of the fish body.

[0006] Preferably: For the water quality monitoring and regulation module, the data collection frequency is once every 5 minutes, and the water quality comprehensive index WQI is calculated using the following formula: Where, is the weight coefficient of the i-th index, is the real-time monitoring value, is the central value of the suitable growth range, is the standard deviation of this index; when exceeds the set threshold, the system automatically starts the corresponding water quality adjustment equipment.

[0007] Preferably: For the water quality monitoring and regulation module, for dissolved oxygen DO, maintain it within the optimal range by controlling the operating power of the aerator , and the formula is as follows: Where, , are adjustment coefficients, is the change rate of dissolved oxygen.

[0008] Preferably: The water quality monitoring and regulation module uses a biosensor to detect the concentration of harmful substances in water, combines the nitrogen conversion ability of bioflocs, and promotes the absorption and conversion of pollutants by regulating the biofloc culture conditions; the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of bioflocs The calculation formula is: Where, is the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration; according to the feedback result of the removal efficiency, adjust the nutrient salt addition amount and light duration of the biofloc culture system in a timely manner.

[0009] Preferably: For the biofloc culture and regulation module, its biofloc growth kinetic model is described by a modified Logistic equation: Where X is the dry weight concentration of bioflocs, μ is the maximum specific growth rate, is the environmental carrying capacity, is the endogenous respiration coefficient.

[0010] Preferably, during the breeding process of the breeding system, an optical microscope and a flow cytometer are used to regularly detect the particle size distribution PSD and microbial community structure of the biofloc, and the culture conditions are adjusted according to the detection results.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment of the culture conditions is specifically as follows: when it is found that the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the biofloc decreases, the dosage of the organic carbon source is increased to promote their growth and reproduction; the particle size of the biofloc is regulated by changing the stirring speed v and the aeration method to meet the feeding requirements of Carassius auratus var. pengzeensis at different growth stages; the relationship between the particle size distribution and the stirring speed can be expressed by the following formula: where a and b are fitting coefficients, which are related to the characteristics of the biofloc and the reactor structure.

[0012] Preferably, the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module determines the feed formula according to the nutrition requirement model of Carassius auratus var. pengzeensis at different growth stages; in the fry stage, the body length ≤ 3 cm, the crude protein content reaches 40% - 45%, and the essential amino acid index EAAI is greater than 90%; as the fish grows, the proportion of feed nutrients is gradually adjusted, and the crude protein content in the adult stage drops to 30% - 35%; the feed feeding amount F is calculated according to the fish body weight growth rate GR and water temperature T factors: where and are empirical coefficients, and W is the fish body weight.

[0013] Preferably, during the feeding process of the breeding system, in combination with the distribution of the biofloc in the water body, a combination of fixed-point and scattered feeding is adopted to ensure that the feed can be evenly dispersed and fully contact with the biofloc. At the same time, the feeding time and feeding amount information each time are recorded and uploaded to the data analysis center; The disease monitoring module includes a feeding cabin, and an underwater camera is installed on one side of the feeding cabin to capture images of Carassius auratus var. pengzeensis entering the feeding cabin to eat, and the image analysis unit analyzes whether there are any symptoms.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding cabins of the disease monitoring module are arranged in series. Each feeding cabin is equipped with a camera and a feeder. Each feeding cabin is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of one feeding cabin is connected to the inlet of another feeding cabin through a pipeline. The inlets of the feeding cabins at both ends and the outlets of the feeding cabins at the other end are of flared type. The disease monitoring module further includes an impeller turbulator, which is used to promote the water body to flow towards the inlets of the end feeding cabins to drive the Pengze crucian carp to move in the series-connected feeding cabins. When conducting disease monitoring, when the camera in the first feeding cabin obtains the image information of the Pengze crucian carp, the impeller turbulator works to prompt the Pengze crucian carp to move. At the same time, the system sends feeding instructions to the feeders in each feeding cabin according to the preset program and time interval, and the feeders in each feeding cabin feed the feed in an orderly manner. Each camera obtains the image information of the Pengze crucian carp, and the image analysis unit analyzes the obtained image information to analyze the performance of the Pengze crucian carp during foraging and movement. Among them, the analysis and processing of the image information by the image analysis unit are specifically as follows: First, preprocess the original images obtained from each camera. Use a convolutional neural network to extract the key features in the images. Through the operations of multiple convolutional layers and pooling layers, automatically learn the feature patterns related to the behavior, body color, and feeding of the Pengze crucian carp in the images. Input the extracted features into the fully connected layer for object detection and classification. By comparing and calculating with the pre-trained model parameters, judge whether there are Pengze crucian carp with abnormal behaviors, whether the body color is normal, and the feeding situation in the images.

[0015] Preferably, the breeding method of the breeding system includes the following steps: S1: Pond preparation and basic settings. Select a breeding site, lay a layer of organic-rich bottom mud with a thickness of about 10 - 15 cm at the bottom of the pond as the basic substrate for biofloc cultivation. Set independent water inlets and outlets, and install anti-escape facilities. Disinfect the pond before stocking. S2: Fry stocking and initial cultivation. Select Pengze crucian carp fry with strong constitutions and uniform specifications, and control the stocking density at 80,000 - 100,000 tails per mu. Conduct a water testing operation before the fry are put into the pond, and the adapted water temperature difference does not exceed 2°C. In the first 1 - 2 weeks after the fry enter the pond, add an appropriate amount of activated sludge and microbial inoculants to the pond, and control the influent water quality COD:N:P = 100:5:1 to promote the formation and growth of bioflocs. Monitor the water quality indicators and the development of bioflocs every day, and adjust the cultivation conditions in a timely manner. S3: Breeding management during the growth period: As the fry grow, gradually increase the amount of artificial feed, and feed according to the methods of the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module; regularly check the growth of the fish, measure the length and weight of the fish once a month, and draw a growth curve; adjust the feed formula and feeding strategy according to the results of the growth curve analysis; S4: Water quality monitoring and control, regularly collect water samples for laboratory analysis, including ammonia nitrogen and nitrite index testing, and use water quality online monitoring equipment to monitor water quality changes in real time; timely start water quality adjustment equipment based on water quality monitoring data; S5: Continue to optimize the biofloc culture conditions, adjust the stirring speed and aeration parameters according to the growth stage of Pengze crucian carp; regularly test the microbial community structure and particle size distribution of the biofloc; S6: Adult fish breeding: When Pengze crucian carp grows to commercial fish size, with body length ≥15cm and weight ≥100g, it enters the adult fish breeding stage; the breeding density is reduced to 30,000-50,000 per mu; S7: Capture: Stop feeding artificial feed 1-2 weeks before harvest, and adopt a rotational catch and release method to catch commercial fish in batches.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention is based on the biofloc growth model and dynamic monitoring of microbial communities, and can achieve fine cultivation and management of bioflocs; according to the nutritional requirements of Pengze crucian carp at different growth stages and the aquaculture environment conditions, the biofloc culture parameters, such as stirring speed, aeration intensity, the type and amount of organic carbon source and nutrient salt addition, are accurately adjusted to directionally cultivate high-quality bioflocs with moderate particle size, rich nutrition and rich in beneficial microorganisms; the bioflocs can not only be used as natural bait for Pengze crucian carp in aquaculture water bodies, thereby improving feed utilization, but also can adsorb and degrade harmful substances in water, such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, organic matter, etc., to purify water quality, replace part of the water exchange operation, and reduce water resource consumption and environmental pollution risks in the aquaculture process.

[0017] 2. The present invention uses an integrated water quality monitoring sensor network to monitor key water quality indicators such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, etc. in real time. Combined with advanced data analysis algorithms, it can accurately grasp the dynamic changes of water quality; based on water quality monitoring data, the system can intelligently control oxygenation equipment, aeration devices, water quality regulator delivery equipment, etc., to achieve precise control of water quality; for example, when the dissolved oxygen is lower than the set threshold, the aeration volume is automatically increased; when the ammonia nitrogen content increases, the nitrifying bacteria culture conditions are accurately controlled to promote the conversion of ammonia nitrogen by biological flocs, ensure that the water quality is stable within a range suitable for the growth of Pengze crucian carp, and effectively reduce the risk of fish diseases caused by sudden changes in water quality.

[0018] 3. The present invention comprehensively considers factors such as the growth curve of Pengze crucian carp, water temperature, water quality conditions, and the distribution of bioflocs, and uses a scientific feed formula model and intelligent feeding equipment to achieve precise feed feeding. The appropriate proportion of feed nutrients and feeding amount are determined according to the growth stage of the fish body, avoiding feed waste and water pollution caused by overfeeding, and preventing insufficient feeding from affecting the growth and development of the fish body. Through the synergistic effect with bioflocs, the feed can not only meet the nutritional needs of Pengze crucian carp but also promote the growth and reproduction of bioflocs, further improving the resource utilization efficiency and ecological stability of the aquaculture system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. is a framework diagram of an efficient Pengze crucian carp aquaculture system based on biofloc regulation proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. is a flowchart of a cultivation method of an efficient Pengze crucian carp aquaculture system based on biofloc regulation proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1: An efficient Pengze crucian carp aquaculture system based on biofloc regulation, comprising: A water quality monitoring and regulation module, based on a sensor array, real-time monitors basic physical and chemical indexes such as water temperature (T), pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity (EC), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), etc.; A biofloc cultivation and regulation module, constructs a biofloc cultivation reactor, uses activated sludge or specific microbial inoculum as the seed source, and promotes the growth and development of bioflocs by controlling parameters such as influent water quality (COD, N, P ratio), stirring intensity (G), aeration volume (Q), etc.; A feed feeding and nutrition regulation module, determines the feed formula according to the nutritional requirement model of different growth stages of Pengze crucian carp; A disease monitoring module, installs an underwater camera to real-time monitor the behavior, body color, feeding, etc. of Pengze crucian carp, and uses image recognition technology to analyze the health status of the fish body.

[0022] Among them, for the water quality monitoring and regulation module, the data collection frequency is once every 5 minutes, and the following formula is used to calculate the water quality comprehensive index (WQI): Among them, is the weight coefficient of the i-th index (determined according to its influence degree on the growth of Pengze crucian carp), is the real-time monitoring value, is the central value of the suitable growth range, is the standard deviation of this index; when When it exceeds the set threshold, the system automatically starts the corresponding water quality adjustment equipment.

[0023] For dissolved oxygen (DO), by controlling the operating power of the aerator to maintain it within the optimal range, the formula is as follows: Where, , are adjustment coefficients, the rate of change of dissolved oxygen.

[0024] Using biosensors to detect the concentrations of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water, combined with the nitrogen conversion ability of bioflocs, by regulating the biofloc cultivation conditions (such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, light intensity, stirring speed, etc.) to promote their absorption and conversion of pollutants. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen by bioflocs The calculation formula is: Where, is the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration; according to the feedback result of the removal efficiency, timely adjust the nutrient salt addition amount and light duration of the biofloc cultivation system.

[0025] Among them, for the biofloc cultivation and regulation module, the biofloc growth kinetics model is described by the modified Logistic equation: Where, X is the dry weight concentration of bioflocs (g / L), μ is the maximum specific growth rate , is the environmental carrying capacity (g / L), is the endogenous respiration coefficient Regularly detect the particle size distribution (PSD) of bioflocs and the microbial community structure (analyze the abundance and diversity of groups such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, etc. through high-throughput sequencing) using equipment such as optical microscopes and flow cytometers, and adjust the cultivation conditions according to the detection results. For example, when it is found that the abundance of beneficial microorganisms (such as nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria) in bioflocs decreases, appropriately increase the dosage of organic carbon sources (such as glucose and sucrose) to promote their growth and reproduction. At the same time, regulate the particle size of bioflocs by changing the stirring speed (v) and aeration method to meet the feeding requirements of different growth stages of Pengze crucian carp. The relationship between the particle size distribution and the stirring speed can be expressed by the following formula: Where, a and b are fitting coefficients, which are related to the characteristics of bioflocs and the reactor structure.

[0026] Among them, the feed feeding and nutritional regulation module determines the feed formula according to the nutritional requirement model of different growth stages of Pengze crucian carp. During the fry stage (body length ≤ 3 cm), attention is paid to feeds with high protein and high essential amino acid content. The crude protein content is required to reach 40%-45%, and the essential amino acid index (EAAI) should be greater than 90%. As the fish grows, the proportion of feed nutritional components is gradually adjusted, and the crude protein content in the adult fish stage can be reduced to 30%-35%. The feed feeding amount (F) is calculated according to factors such as the fish body weight growth rate (GR) and water temperature (T): Among them, 、 is an empirical coefficient, and W is the fish body weight (g).

[0027] The feed raw materials are processed through ultrafine pulverization and extrusion to make pellet feeds with good palatability and high digestion and absorption rates. During the feeding process, combined with the distribution of bioflocs in the water body, a combination of fixed-point and scattered feeding methods is adopted to ensure that the feed can be evenly dispersed and fully contact with the bioflocs, improving the feed utilization rate. At the same time, an intelligent feeding device is used to record information such as the feeding time and feeding amount each time and upload it to the data analysis center for evaluating and feedback adjustment of the feed utilization efficiency.

[0028] Among them, the disease monitoring module includes a feeding cabin. An underwater camera is installed on one side of the feeding cabin to capture images of Pengze crucian carp entering the feeding cabin for feeding, and an image analysis unit analyzes whether there are any symptoms; for example, whether there are symptoms such as white spots, rotten gills, and bleeding.

[0029] Example 2: An efficient breeding system for Pengze crucian carp based on biofloc regulation. In this example, on the basis of Example 1, the feeding cabins of the disease monitoring module are arranged in series. Each feeding cabin is equipped with a camera and a feeder. Each feeding cabin is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of one feeding cabin is connected to the inlet of another feeding cabin through a pipeline. The inlets of the feeding cabins at both ends and the outlets of the feeding cabins at the other end are set in a flared shape; the disease monitoring module also includes an impeller turbulence machine, which is used to promote the water flow towards the inlets of the feeding cabins at both ends to drive Pengze crucian carp to move in the series-connected feeding cabins; during disease monitoring, when the camera in the first feeding cabin obtains the image information of Pengze crucian carp, the impeller turbulence machine works to promote the movement of Pengze crucian carp. At the same time, the system sends feeding instructions to the feeders in each feeding cabin according to the preset program and time interval, and the feeders in each feeding cabin feed the feed in an orderly manner; each camera obtains the image information of Pengze crucian carp, and the image analysis unit analyzes the obtained image information to analyze the performance of Pengze crucian carp during foraging and movement.

[0030] Among them, the analysis and processing of the image information by the image analysis unit are as follows: First, the original images obtained from each camera are preprocessed; Use convolutional neural networks to extract key features in images; through the operation of multiple convolutional layers and pooling layers, automatically learn the characteristic patterns in the image related to the behavior, body color, and feeding of Pengze crucian carp; The extracted features are input into the fully connected layer for target detection and classification. By comparing and calculating with the pre-trained model parameters, it is determined whether there are abnormal behaviors of Pengze crucian carp in the image, whether the body color is normal, and what the feeding situation is.

[0031] Embodiment 3: A breeding method of Pengze crucian carp efficient breeding system based on biofloc regulation, comprising the following steps: S1: Pond preparation and basic setting. Choose a pond with sufficient water source, good water quality and convenient drainage and irrigation as the breeding site. The area is determined according to the breeding scale, generally 5-20 mu; lay a layer of organic-rich sediment with a thickness of about 10-15 cm at the bottom of the pond as the basic matrix for biofloc culture; set up independent water inlets and outlets, and install necessary escape prevention facilities; disinfect the pond before stocking, and use quicklime (dosage is 150-200 kg / mu) to spray the whole pond; S2: Stocking and initial cultivation of fry. Select Pengze crucian carp fry with strong physique and neat size, and control the stocking density at 80,000-100,000 per mu. Before the fry are put into the pond, water testing is required to adapt to the water temperature difference of no more than 2°C. In the first 1-2 weeks after the fry are put into the pond, they mainly rely on plankton in the pond and artificially sprinkled soybean milk as the starter bait. In this stage, the focus is on cultivating bioflocs, by adding appropriate amounts of activated sludge and microbial agents to the pond, and controlling the influent water quality (COD:N:P=100:5:1), to promote the formation and growth of bioflocs. Monitor water quality indicators and biofloc development every day, and adjust the cultivation conditions in time. S3: Breeding management during the growth period: As the fry grow, gradually increase the amount of artificial feed, and feed according to the methods of the above-mentioned feed feeding and nutrition regulation module; regularly check the growth of the fish, measure the fish length, weight and other indicators once a month, and draw a growth curve; adjust the feed formula and feeding strategy according to the results of the growth curve analysis; S4: Water quality monitoring and regulation to keep water quality stable within an appropriate range; collect water samples every half month for laboratory analysis, including testing of indicators such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, and use online water quality monitoring equipment to monitor water quality changes in real time; start water quality regulation equipment in a timely manner based on water quality monitoring data to ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen and fresh water quality; S5: Continuously optimize the biological floc culture conditions, adjust parameters such as stirring speed and aeration volume according to the growth stage of Carassius auratus var. pengze, so as to keep the biological flocs in good activity and function; regularly detect the microbial community structure and particle size distribution of the biological flocs to ensure that they can meet the feeding requirements of fish and the water quality purification requirements; S6: Adult fish culture. When Carassius auratus var. pengze grows to the commercial fish specification (body length ≥ 15 cm, body weight ≥ 100 g), it enters the adult fish culture stage; in this stage, further reduce the stocking density to 30,000 - 50,000 tails per mu to improve the quality and yield of commercial fish; continue to strengthen the precise control of water quality management and feed feeding, and pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases; S7: Capture; Stop feeding artificial feed 1 - 2 weeks before harvesting to reduce the residues in the fish intestine and improve the fish meat quality; adopt the method of selective fishing and stocking, and catch commercial fish in batches to avoid causing too much impact on the water environment by one-time catching; quickly transport the fish to the market for sale or temporary culture facilities after capture to ensure the freshness and vitality of the fish.

[0032] Among them, for the parts not elaborated in detail in the present invention, such as intelligent feeding equipment, etc., the existing technologies can be referred to and applied, and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient culture system for Carassius auratus var. Pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs, characterized in that, Including: A water quality monitoring and regulation module, which is based on a sensor array to real-time monitor the basic physical and chemical indexes of water body temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, oxidation-reduction potential; A biofloc cultivation and regulation module, which constructs a biofloc cultivation reactor, uses activated sludge or specific microbial inoculum as the seed source, and promotes the growth and development of bioflocs by controlling the influent water quality, stirring intensity, aeration volume parameters; A feed feeding and nutrition regulation module, which determines the feed formula according to the nutrition requirement model of different growth stages of Pengze crucian carp; A disease monitoring module, which installs an underwater camera to real-time monitor the behavior, body color, and feeding situation of Pengze crucian carp, and uses image recognition technology to analyze the health status of the fish body.

2. The efficient culture system for Carassius auratus var. pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the water quality monitoring and regulation module, the data collection frequency is once every 5 minutes, and the water quality comprehensive index WQI is calculated using the following formula: where is the weight coefficient of the i-th index, is the real-time monitoring value, is the central value of the suitable growth range, is the standard deviation of this index; when exceeds the set threshold, the system automatically activates the corresponding water quality regulation equipment.

3. The efficient culture system for Carassius auratus var. Pengze based on biofloc regulation according to claim 2, wherein For the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water quality monitoring and regulation module, the operating power of the aerator is controlled to maintain it within the optimal range. The formula is as follows: where , are adjustment coefficients, and is the change rate of dissolved oxygen.

4. The efficient culture system of Carassius auratus var. Pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water quality monitoring and regulation module uses biosensors to detect the concentration of harmful substances in water, combines the nitrogen conversion ability of bioflocs, and promotes the absorption and conversion of pollutants by regulating the culture conditions of bioflocs; the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of bioflocs The calculation formula is: Wherein, is the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration; according to the feedback result of the removal efficiency, the nutrient salt addition amount and light duration of the biofloc culture system are adjusted in a timely manner.

5. The efficient culture system for Carassius auratus var. pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 4, characterized in that, For the biological floc cultivation and regulation module, the growth kinetic model of biological flocs is described by a modified Logistic equation: where X is the dry weight concentration of biological flocs, μ is the maximum specific growth rate, is the environmental carrying capacity, is the endogenous respiration coefficient.

6. The efficient culture system of Carassius auratus var. Pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the breeding process of the breeding system, an optical microscope and a flow cytometer are used to regularly detect the particle size distribution PSD and microbial community structure of bioflocs, and the cultivation conditions are adjusted according to the detection results.

7. The efficient culture system of Carassius auratus var. Pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjusted culture conditions are specifically as follows: when it is found that the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the biofloc decreases, the dosage of the organic carbon source is increased to promote their growth and reproduction; the particle size of the biofloc is regulated by changing the stirring speed v and the aeration mode to meet the feeding requirements of Carassius auratus var. pengze at different growth stages; the relationship between the particle size distribution and the stirring speed can be expressed by the following formula: where a and b are fitting coefficients, which are related to the characteristics of the biofloc and the reactor structure.

8. The efficient culture system for Carassius auratus var. pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 1, wherein, The feed feeding and nutrition regulation module determines the feed formula according to the nutrition requirement model of different growth stages of Pengze crucian carp; in the fry stage, the body length ≤ 3 cm, the crude protein content reaches 40%-45%, and the essential amino acid index EAAI is greater than 90%; as the fish body grows, the proportion of feed nutrient components is gradually adjusted, and the crude protein content in the adult stage is reduced to 30%-35%; the feed feeding amount F is calculated according to the fish body weight growth rate GR and water temperature T factors: Among them, , are empirical coefficients, and W is the fish body weight; During the feeding process of the breeding system, combined with the distribution of bioflocs in the water body, a combination of fixed-point and scattered feeding is adopted to ensure that the feed can be evenly dispersed and fully contact with bioflocs. At the same time, the feeding time and feeding amount information each time are recorded and uploaded to the data analysis center; the disease monitoring module includes a feeding cabin, and the underwater camera is installed on one side of the feeding cabin to capture and collect images of Pengze crucian carp entering the feeding cabin to eat, and an image analysis unit analyzes whether there are diseases.

9. The efficient culture system of Carassius auratus var. Pengze based on the regulation of bioflocs according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feeding cabins of the disease monitoring module are arranged in series. Each feeding cabin is equipped with a camera and a feeder. The feeding cabin is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The outlet of one feeding cabin is connected to the inlet of another feeding cabin through a pipeline. The inlets of the feeding cabins at both ends and the outlets of the feeding cabins at the other end are arranged in a flared shape; the disease monitoring module also includes an impeller turbulence machine, which is used to promote the water body to flow towards the inlet of the end feeding cabin to drive Pengze crucian carp to move in the series-connected feeding cabins; when conducting disease monitoring, when the camera of the first feeding cabin obtains the image information of Pengze crucian carp, the impeller turbulence machine works to promote the movement of Pengze crucian carp. At the same time, the system sends feeding instructions to the feeders in each feeding cabin according to the preset program and time interval, and the feeders in each feeding cabin feed the feed in an orderly manner; each camera obtains the image information of Pengze crucian carp, and the image analysis unit analyzes the obtained image information to analyze the performance of Pengze crucian carp during foraging and movement; Among them, the analysis and processing of the image information by the image analysis unit are specifically as follows: First, preprocess the original images obtained from each camera; Use a convolutional neural network to extract the key features in the images; through the operations of multiple convolutional layers and pooling layers, automatically learn the feature patterns related to the behavior, body color, and feeding of Pengze crucian carp in the images; Input the extracted features into the fully connected layer for object detection and classification; by comparing and calculating with the pre-trained model parameters, judge whether there are Pengze crucian carp with abnormal behaviors in the images, whether the body color is normal, and the feeding situation.

10. A high-efficiency culture system for Carassius auratus var. pengze based on biological floc regulation according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The breeding method of the breeding system includes the following steps: S1: Pond preparation and basic setup: select a breeding site, lay a layer of organic-rich sediment with a thickness of about 10-15 cm at the bottom of the pond as the basic matrix for biofloc culture; set up independent water inlets and outlets, and install escape prevention facilities; disinfect the pond before stocking; S2: Stocking and initial cultivation of fry: Select Pengze crucian carp fry with strong physique and neat size, and control the stocking density at 80,000-100,000 per mu; test the water before stocking the fry, and adapt the water temperature difference to no more than 2°C; in the first 1-2 weeks after the fry enter the pond; add appropriate amount of activated sludge and microbial agents to the pond, and control the influent COD:N:P=100:5:1 to promote the formation and growth of biofloc; monitor water quality indicators and biofloc development every day, and adjust the culture conditions in time; S3: Breeding management during the growth period: As the fry grow, gradually increase the amount of artificial feed, and feed according to the methods of the feed feeding and nutrition regulation module; regularly check the growth of the fish, measure the length and weight of the fish once a month, and draw a growth curve; adjust the feed formula and feeding strategy according to the results of the growth curve analysis; S4: Water quality monitoring and control, regularly collect water samples for laboratory analysis, including ammonia nitrogen and nitrite index testing, and use water quality online monitoring equipment to monitor water quality changes in real time; timely start water quality adjustment equipment based on water quality monitoring data; S5: Continue to optimize the biofloc culture conditions, adjust the stirring speed and aeration parameters according to the growth stage of Pengze crucian carp; regularly test the microbial community structure and particle size distribution of the biofloc; S6: Adult fish breeding: When Pengze crucian carp grows to commercial fish size, with body length ≥15cm and weight ≥100g, it enters the adult fish breeding stage; the breeding density is reduced to 30,000-50,000 per mu; S7: Capture: Stop feeding artificial feed 1-2 weeks before harvest, and adopt a rotational catch and release method to catch commercial fish in batches.

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