System for preparing green methanol from biochar and ballast water on ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for preparing green methanol from biochar and ballast water on a ship. The system comprises a biomass pyrolysis unit, a synthesis gas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit and a combustion unit, the biomass is conveyed to a biomass pyrolysis unit to be subjected to a pyrolysis reaction, and biochar is obtained; conveying the biochar and the ballast water to a synthesis gas preparation unit for water gas reaction to obtain synthesis gas and co-production by-products; the synthesis gas is sent to a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjusting unit to adjust the ratio of hydrogen to carbon in the synthesis gas, the synthesis gas with the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f being 2.05-2.15 is sent to a green methanol synthesis unit to be subjected to a methanol synthesis reaction, and green methanol is obtained; carbon atoms in the green methanol come from biomass, and hydrogen atoms in the green methanol come from ballast water; and conveying the green methanol to a combustion unit to serve as ship fuel for combustion, and carrying out gas-liquid separation on the obtained reaction gas to obtain CO2 and H2O for recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of clean energy preparation, and more specifically, to a system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship. Background Art

[0002] Methanol is an important hydrocarbon compound. Due to its high oxygen content, complete combustion, and strong power, it can be used as an excellent energy fuel suitable for the shipping field. Currently, the demand for methanol in the domestic and international shipping fields is increasing year by year. High-efficiency production of methanol will surely become an important industry with broad market prospects.

[0003] Existing industrial methanol is mainly grey methanol produced by the coal and petrochemical industries and blue methanol obtained by the transformation of natural gas processes. However, with the depletion of fossil energy and the introduction of international maritime organization's shipping emission control policies, China's energy supply will develop towards high efficiency and cleanliness. At the same time, with the improvement and popularization of renewable energy utilization technologies, green methanol, as a fuel based on renewable energy, is regarded as a promising future marine fuel. Biomass resources are a new type of renewable resource, and their reserves are comparable to fossil energy. It is considered an emerging energy source most likely to replace fossil energy. Preparing syngas from biomass resources and then using the syngas to prepare chemicals originally derived from fossil energy has become an important way to expand the utilization of biomass resources.

[0004] In the prior art, green methanol is mainly prepared by gasification method through biomass. However, the fluidized bed equipment used in the biomass gasification process has a high cost and is not easy to operate on a ship. At the same time, different media used for gasification will result in different syngas components, making it difficult to achieve stable production output of green methanol in a ship environment, which restricts the industrialization process of green methanol. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, and provide a system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship, which can not only directly prepare methanol in working places such as cabins or decks using biochar and ballast water, but also realize the self-circulation of carbon and hydrogen elements of green methanol fuel on the ship, achieving net-zero emissions of green methanol fuel from production to combustion.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship, the system comprising a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit and a combustion unit; the biomass is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction to obtain biochar; the biochar and ballast water are transported to the syngas preparation unit for water-gas reaction to obtain syngas and co-produced by-products; the syngas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2 and CH4; the co-produced by-products include one or more of activated biochar, aldehydes, ketones, acids, sodium salts, calcium salts and magnesium salts; the syngas is sent to the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction; the syngas meeting the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 is transported to the green methanol synthesis unit, and methanol synthesis reaction is carried out using CO, CO2 and H2 in the syngas as raw materials to obtain green methanol; the carbon atoms in the green methanol come from the biomass, and the hydrogen atoms in the green methanol come from the ballast water; the green methanol is transported to the combustion unit for combustion as ship fuel, and the reaction gas obtained is subjected to gas-liquid separation to separate CO2 and H2O for recycling.

[0008] Optionally, the CO2 separated by gas-liquid separation is input to the hydrogen-carbon adjustment unit as syngas for recycling; the H2O separated by gas-liquid separation is input to the syngas preparation unit as a raw material for syngas preparation for recycling.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit includes one or more of a dry reforming process, a green hydrogen supplementation process, a membrane separation process, a pressure swing adsorption process and a carbon supplementation process.

[0010] Optionally, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is lower than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, then separating CO using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process to make the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas meet 2:1.

[0011] Optionally, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is higher than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, then separating H2 using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology to make the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas meet 2:1; storing the separated H2, which can be used as standby green hydrogen.

[0012] Optionally, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is lower than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: separating CO2 by using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 by using the green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas meets 3:1.

[0013] Optionally, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is higher than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: introducing the CO2 captured by a carbon capture system powered by green electricity for supplementation, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas meets 3:1.

[0014] Optionally, the biomass includes one or more of agricultural and forestry wastes, domestic garbage, and municipal sludge; the ballast water includes fresh water and / or seawater.

[0015] Optionally, the energy used by the system is one or more of green electricity, biomass energy, and the waste heat of the ship engine; the reaction occurrence site of the system is the on-board operation site.

[0016] Optionally, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 350°C to 950°C; the time of the pyrolysis reaction is 10 min to 30 min; the temperature of the water-gas reaction is 350°C to 1000°C; the time of the water-gas reaction is 1 s to 3 h.

[0017] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In view of the particularity of the ship's reaction environment, the present invention designs a system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship. By combining a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit, and a combustion unit, it is not only possible to directly prepare methanol at the operation sites such as the cabin or deck using biochar and ballast water, but also the generated methanol is green methanol, effectively practicing the concepts of technical economy and environmental friendliness. Secondly, through the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, precise control of the carbon-hydrogen ratio in the syngas is achieved, and syngas with a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio meeting the requirements is directly obtained by adjusting the gas ratio, realizing the complete conversion of all components, improving the production rate of green methanol, and having lower energy consumption and equipment costs compared to traditional distillation separation processes, thus realizing the technical economy concept. Secondly, the carbon atoms in the obtained green methanol come from biochar, the carbon atoms in biochar come from CO2 in the air, and the hydrogen atoms in green methanol come from ballast water. When green methanol is burned as a ship fuel in the combustion unit, not only the high-value utilization of the product is realized, saving fuel costs for the ship, but also the reaction gas generated by the combustion of green methanol is separated into CO2 and H2O through gas-liquid separation for recycling, realizing the self-circulation of carbon and hydrogen elements of green methanol fuel on the ship and achieving net-zero emissions of green methanol fuel from production to combustion. Secondly, the biochar used in this system comes from biomass pyrolysis, and the ballast water used is seawater and fresh water, realizing the comprehensive and efficient utilization of biomass and water resources to meet the development needs of green energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] The following further illustrates the present invention with specific embodiments, but does not limit the present invention in any way.

[0021] The present invention discloses a system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship, as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit, and a combustion unit.

[0022] Further, the biomass is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction to obtain biochar.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the biomass includes one or more of agricultural and forestry wastes, domestic garbage, and municipal sludge.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 350°C to 950°C; the time of the pyrolysis reaction is 10 min to 30 min.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, a carrier gas can be introduced during the pyrolysis reaction, and the carrier gas is one or more of nitrogen, an inert gas, and the inert gas is one or more of helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the pyrolysis treatment is preferably carried out in a conventional pyrolysis device.

[0027] Further, the biochar and the ballast water are transported to a syngas preparation unit for a water-gas reaction to obtain syngas and co-produced by-products; the syngas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; the co-produced by-products include one or more of activated biochar, aldehydes, ketones, acids, sodium salts, calcium salts, and magnesium salts.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the ballast water includes fresh water and / or seawater.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the co-produced by-products can be treated by a conventional post-treatment method and reused as chemical raw materials.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the conventional post-treatment method can include a combination of multi-stage condensation, gas separation, and gas adsorption to separate and purify the above co-produced by-products.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the biochar and the ballast water can be loaded in a chamber including but not limited to a ship's ballast tank for convenient use.

[0032] Specifically, the reaction equations for preparing syngas by the water-gas reaction using biochar and ballast water as raw materials are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0033] (1) C + H2O → H2 + CO;

[0034] (2) C + 2H2O → 2H2 + CO2;

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the temperature of the water-gas reaction is 350°C to 1000°C; the time of the water-gas reaction is 1 s to 3 h.

[0036] Further, the syngas is sent to a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction, so as to solve the problem that the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio in traditional pyrolysis gas production cannot reach the theoretical ratio of methanol synthesis. By adjusting the gas ratio, syngas with a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio meeting the requirements can be directly obtained, realizing the complete conversion of all components, without causing "hydrogen deficiency or carbon deficiency" that affects the overall process, and ensuring a high yield of green methanol.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit includes one or more of dry reforming process, green hydrogen supplementation process, membrane separation process, pressure swing adsorption process, and carbon supplementation process.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is lower than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO by the dry reforming process, then separating CO by membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 by the green hydrogen supplementation process to make the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas meet 2:1.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is higher than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: converting CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO by the dry reforming process, then separating H2 by membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology to make the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas meet 2:1; storing the separated H2, which can be used as standby green hydrogen.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the separated H2 is stored and can be used as standby green hydrogen. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention can also be provided with a hydrogen storage unit, which stores the separated H2 and inputs H2 to the green methanol synthesis unit to ensure a continuous and stable input of H2 to the subsequent green methanol synthesis unit.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is lower than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: separating CO2 by membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 by the green hydrogen supplementation process to make the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas meet 3:1.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, when the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is higher than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: introducing the CO2 captured by a carbon capture system powered by green electricity for supplementation to make the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas meet 3:1.

[0043] Further, the syngas with a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 is transported to the green methanol synthesis unit, and methanol synthesis reaction is carried out using CO, CO2, and H2 in the syngas as raw materials to obtain green methanol.

[0044] Specifically, the reaction equations for preparing green methanol using CO, CO2, and H2 as raw materials are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0045] (1) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH;

[0046] (2) CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH + H2O;

[0047] Further, the carbon atoms in the green methanol come from biomass, and the hydrogen atoms in the green methanol come from ballast water; the green methanol is transported to the combustion unit and burned as a ship fuel, and the reaction gas obtained is subjected to gas-liquid separation to separate out CO2 and H2O for recycling, and the reaction equation is as follows:

[0048] (1) 2CH3OH + 3O2 → 4H2O + 2CO2;

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the CO2 separated by gas-liquid separation is input into the hydrogen-carbon adjustment unit as syngas for recycling; the H2O separated by gas-liquid separation is input into the syngas preparation unit as a syngas preparation raw material for recycling.

[0050] Specifically, the carbon atoms in the obtained green methanol come from biochar, the carbon atoms in the biochar come from CO2 in the air, the hydrogen atoms in the green methanol come from ballast water. When the green methanol is burned as a ship fuel in the combustion unit, not only the high-value utilization of the product is realized, fuel costs for the ship are saved, but also the reaction gas generated by the combustion of green methanol is subjected to gas-liquid separation to separate out CO2 and H2O for recycling, realizing the self-circulation of carbon and hydrogen elements of the green methanol fuel on the ship, and achieving net-zero emissions of the green methanol fuel from production to combustion. Secondly, the biochar used in the system comes from biomass pyrolysis, and the ballast water used is seawater and / or fresh water, realizing the comprehensive and efficient utilization of biomass and water resources to meet the development needs of green energy.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the energy used by the system is one or more of green electricity, biomass energy, and ship engine waste heat.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the reaction site of the system is the on-board operation site.

[0053] The following are specific embodiments

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The green methanol system prepared by using biochar and seawater in the cabin operation site of this embodiment includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit and a combustion unit.

[0056] 1) Transport the rice husks to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction at 650 °C for 20 min, and biochar is obtained after the reaction.

[0057] 2) Transport the biochar and seawater to the syngas preparation unit for water-gas reaction at 750 °C for 3 h. The reaction formulas are shown in (1) and (2) respectively, and the chemical composition of the obtained syngas is shown in Table 1:

[0058] (1) C + H2O → H2 + CO;

[0059] (2) C + 2H2O → 2H2 + CO2;

[0060] Table 1 Analysis data of gas volume percentage

[0061] <![CDATA[H2%]]> CO% <![CDATA[CH4%]]> <![CDATA[CO2%]]> 35 42 8 15

[0062] 3) Send the syngas obtained in step 2) to the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is lower than 2:1, convert the CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO by the dry reforming process, then separate CO by the membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology, and introduce H2 by the green hydrogen supplementation process. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is higher than 2:1, convert the CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO by the dry reforming process, then separate H2 by the membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is lower than 3:1, separate CO2 by the membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology, and introduce H2 by the green hydrogen supplementation process. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is higher than 3:1, introduce the CO2 captured by the carbon capture system powered by green electricity for supplementation.

[0063] 4) Transport the above syngas that meets the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 to the green methanol synthesis unit for methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol. The reaction formulas are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0064] (1) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH;

[0065] (2) CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH + H2O;

[0066] 5) Transport the green methanol to the combustion unit as ship fuel for combustion. The resulting reaction gas is subjected to gas-liquid separation to obtain CO2 and H2O for recycling. The CO2 separated by gas-liquid separation is input into the hydrogen-carbon adjustment unit as syngas for recycling; the H2O separated by gas-liquid separation is input into the syngas preparation unit as a raw material for syngas preparation for recycling.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] In this example, a green methanol system is prepared using biochar and fresh water in the deck operation area. The system includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit, and a combustion unit.

[0069] 1) Transport the rice husks to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction at 650 °C for 20 min to obtain biochar after the reaction.

[0070] 2) Transport the biochar and fresh water to the syngas preparation unit for water-gas reaction at 750 °C for 3 h. The reaction formulas are shown in (1) and (2) respectively. The chemical composition of the resulting syngas is shown in Table 2:

[0071] (1) C + H2O → H2 + CO;

[0072] (2) C + 2H2O → 2H2 + CO2;

[0073] Table 2 Analysis data of gas volume percentages

[0074] <![CDATA[H2%]]> CO% <![CDATA[CH4%]]> <![CDATA[CO2%]]> 25 58 5 12

[0075] 3) Send the syngas obtained in step 2) to the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is lower than 2:1, convert the CH4 in the syngas to H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, then separate CO using membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology, and introduce H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is higher than 2:1, convert the CH4 in the syngas to H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, then separate H2 using membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is lower than 3:1, separate CO2 using membrane separation technology or pressure swing adsorption technology, and introduce H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process. If the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is higher than 3:1, supplement with CO2 captured by a carbon capture system powered by green electricity.

[0076] 4) Feed the syngas that meets the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio of f = 2.05 - 2.15 to the green methanol synthesis unit for methanol synthesis reaction to obtain green methanol. The reaction equations are shown in (1) and (2) respectively:

[0077] (1) CO + 2H2 → CH3OH;

[0078] (2) CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH + H2O;

[0079] 5) Feed the green methanol to the combustion unit to be burned as ship fuel. The reaction gas obtained is subjected to gas-liquid separation to separate out CO2 and H2O for recycling. The CO2 separated by gas-liquid separation is input to the hydrogen-carbon adjustment unit as syngas for recycling; the H2O separated by gas-liquid separation is input to the syngas preparation unit as a raw material for syngas preparation for recycling.

[0080] In summary, in view of the particularity of the ship's reaction environment, the present invention designs a system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship. By combining a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit, and a combustion unit, it can not only directly prepare methanol at the working places such as the cabin or deck using biochar and ballast water, but also one ton of biochar can be converted into 0.1 ton to 0.5 ton of green methanol. The carbon atoms in the obtained green methanol come from biochar, and the carbon atoms in biochar come from CO2 in the air. The hydrogen atoms in green methanol come from ballast water. When green methanol is burned as ship fuel in the combustion unit, it not only realizes the high-value utilization of the product and saves fuel costs for the ship, but also the reaction gas generated by the combustion of green methanol is subjected to gas-liquid separation to separate out CO2 and H2O for recycling, realizing the self-circulation of carbon and hydrogen elements of green methanol fuel on the ship and achieving net-zero emissions of green methanol fuel from production to combustion.

[0081] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for preparing green methanol using biochar and ballast water on a ship, characterized in that, The system includes a biomass pyrolysis unit, a syngas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit, a green methanol synthesis unit, and a combustion unit; The biomass is transported to the biomass pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis reaction to obtain biochar; The biochar and ballast water are transported to the syngas preparation unit for water-gas reaction to obtain syngas and co-produced by-products; the syngas includes one or more of CO, CO2, H2, and CH4; the co-produced by-products include one or more of activated biochar, aldehydes, ketones, acids, sodium salts, calcium salts, and magnesium salts; The syngas is sent to the hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit to adjust the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas to meet the requirement of the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 required for the green methanol synthesis reaction; The syngas meeting the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio f = 2.05 - 2.15 is transported to the green methanol synthesis unit, and methanol synthesis reaction is carried out using CO, CO2, and H2 in the syngas as raw materials to obtain green methanol; the carbon atoms in the green methanol come from the biomass, and the hydrogen atoms in the green methanol come from the ballast water; The green methanol is transported to the combustion unit for combustion as ship fuel, and the resulting reaction gas is subjected to gas-liquid separation to obtain CO2 and H2O for recycling; 2. The green methanol production system using biochar and ballast water on a ship according to claim 1, wherein, The CO2 separated by gas-liquid separation is input to the hydrogen-carbon adjustment unit as syngas for recycling; The H2O separated by gas-liquid separation is input to the syngas preparation unit as a syngas preparation raw material for recycling; 3. The green methanol system for ships using biochar and ballast water according to claim 1, wherein The hydrogen-carbon ratio adjustment unit includes one or more of a dry reforming process, a green hydrogen supplementation process, a membrane separation process, a pressure swing adsorption process, and a carbon supplementation process; 4. The green methanol production system on a ship using biochar and ballast water according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is lower than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: After converting CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, separating CO using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas meets 2:

1.

5. The green methanol system for preparing green methanol by using biochar and ballast water on a ship according to claim 3, wherein, When the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas is higher than 2:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: After converting CH4 in the syngas into H2 and CO using the dry reforming process, separating H2 using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO in the syngas meets 2:1; the separated H2 is stored and can be used as standby green hydrogen.

6. The green methanol system for ships using biochar and ballast water according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is lower than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: Separating CO2 using the membrane separation technology or the pressure swing adsorption technology, and introducing H2 using the green hydrogen supplementation process, so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas meets 3:

1.

7. The green methanol system for a ship using biochar and ballast water according to claim 3, wherein When the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas is higher than 3:1, adjusting the ratio between the hydrogen and carbon components in the syngas specifically includes the following steps: Introduce the CO2 captured by the carbon capture system using green electricity as the energy source for supplementation so that the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 in the syngas meets 3:

1.

8. The green methanol system for ships using biochar and ballast water according to claim 1, wherein The biomass includes one or more of agricultural and forestry wastes, domestic garbage, and municipal sludge; The ballast water includes fresh water and / or seawater.

9. The system for preparing green methanol by using biochar and ballast water on a ship according to claim 8, wherein, The energy sources used by the system are one or more of green electricity, biomass energy, and the waste heat of the ship engine; The reaction site of the system is the on-board operation site.

10. The green methanol production system using biochar and ballast water on a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is 350°C to 950°C; The time of the pyrolysis reaction is 10 min to 30 min; The temperature of the water gas reaction is 350°C to 1000°C; The time of the water gas reaction is 1 s to 3 h.

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