Automatic universal machine tool capable of independently switching four tool bits for metal pin machining

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic universal machine tool capable of independently switching four tool bits for metal pin machining, and particularly relates to the technical field of machine tools, the automatic universal machine tool comprises an outer machine body, a moving plate is arranged on the outer machine body, a loading plate is arranged on the surface of one side of the moving plate, and a tool table is arranged on the outer machine body and located beside a loading shaft; a tool switching mechanism is arranged on the tool table, and through the composite driving design of the first driving device and the second driving device, the cooperative movement of horizontal transverse translation and horizontal longitudinal synchronous feeding of at least four machining tool bits can be achieved. A single machining tool bit can be quickly translated to a designated position according to machining requirements, the machining tool bit is ensured to be always coaxial with a loading shaft and a metal bar in cooperation with propelling of a first driving device, the problems of abrasion and positioning deviation of a traditional mechanical clamping position are avoided, meanwhile, a loading structure of the machining tool bit does not need to be manually adjusted, and the machining efficiency is improved. Therefore, automatic switching among different machining tool bits can be completed, and the flexibility and the machining efficiency of metal bar machining of the machine tool are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides an automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting heads for metal pin processing, specifically related to the technical field of machine tools. Background Art

[0002] A metal pin is a metal connecting plug for an electronic device, and its processing and preparation are generally achieved through a universal machine tool.

[0003] In the authorized announcement number: CN117564711B, a universal machine tool for machining mechanical parts is disclosed. In this universal machine tool for machining mechanical parts, the return spring causes the sliding sleeve to return to its original position, and then the bending plate drives the push plate to return to its original position through the stroke amplification mechanism, pushing the metal waste on the inner wall of the waste collection tank into the communication port. The metal waste accumulates above the filter plate, and the sealing door can be opened to clean the metal waste, eliminating the need for manual cleaning of the waste collection tank and saving manpower. Although the above-mentioned machine tool can achieve the function of waste liquid collection and treatment, there are still deficiencies: First, when the existing machine tool is operating, it is necessary to timely adjust and replace different tools according to the requirements of the processing technology. Currently, generally, the tools are manually replaced after the machine stops, or there is a structure and device for automatic tool change, but the overall structure is complex, and the response speed of tool change is slow, and it is impossible to quickly switch and use the tools; moreover, the stability during and after tool switching is poor. Second, there is a lack of secondary clamping of the workpiece during the processing process, resulting in poor processing stability. In addition, when collecting and treating the cooling waste liquid, simply using the filter plate method will cause the metal waste to accumulate and block the filter holes, affecting the filtering effect.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes an automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting heads for metal pin processing to make up for and improve the deficiencies of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting heads for metal pin processing, which can effectively solve the related technical problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses an automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting heads for metal pin processing, including an outer body. A moving plate is arranged on the outer body, and a loading plate is arranged on one side surface of the moving plate. And a loading shaft for clamping a metal rod is arranged on the loading plate. A tool table is arranged beside the loading shaft on the outer body. A tool switching mechanism is arranged on the tool table, including: At least four processing cutting heads arranged in a rectangular array; It further includes a first driving device, a second driving device, and a tool moving device correspondingly arranged with respect to the machining tool head. The tool moving device is connected to the second driving device. The independent machining tool head is driven by the first driving device to reciprocate independently in the Y direction, and each tool moving device is driven by the second driving device to reciprocate simultaneously in the X direction; Initially, the axis of one of the machining tool heads is always coaxial with the axis of the loading shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the first driving device includes a bearing table fixedly arranged on the tool table. Two first electric slide rails are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing table. A first slider is slidably arranged on each of the two first electric slide rails. A magnetic protrusion is fixedly arranged on one side of one of the first sliders facing the loading shaft. A servo motor is further installed on the top of the bearing table. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected with a lead screw through a coupling. A nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The top of the nut is fixedly installed with a U-shaped plate. One end of the U-shaped plate away from the loading shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider, and the other end of the U-shaped plate away from the loading shaft is fixed to the top of the magnetic protrusion.

[0008] Preferably, the second driving device includes a T-shaped table fixedly arranged on the tool table. A second electric slide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the T-shaped table. A second slider is slidably arranged on the second electric slide rail.

[0009] Preferably, the tool moving device includes a tool plate fixedly connected to the top of the second slider. At least four limiting slide rails are fixedly installed on the top surface of the tool plate. A limiting slider is slidably arranged on each of the limiting slide rails. A tool holder is fixedly installed on the top of each limiting slider. The machining tool head is installed on the corresponding tool holder. A magnetic attraction plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the tool holder away from the machining tool head.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic attraction plate has magnetism, and the magnetism of the magnetic attraction plate is opposite to that of the magnetic protrusion, and the magnetic protrusion is located on the path of the magnetic attraction plate moving and translating in the Y direction.

[0011] Preferably, a cooperative positioning mechanism is provided on the loading plate, loading shaft, and U-shaped plate. The cooperative positioning mechanism includes a linkage shaft fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped plate. One end of the linkage shaft away from the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to a lead screw shaft. A nut sleeve is rotatably connected to the position of the loading plate corresponding to the lead screw shaft. The nut sleeve is threadedly connected to one end of the lead screw shaft. A driving gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the nut sleeve. A follower gear is rotatably connected to the outside of the loading shaft. The follower gear meshes with the driving gear. Three arc-shaped grooves distributed in a ring shape are formed on the follower gear. A limiting shaft is slidably connected to each arc-shaped groove. A positioning block is adjustably arranged on the side of the limiting shaft away from the loading shaft. A limiting block is fixedly arranged on the side of each limiting shaft close to the loading plate. A groove plate is fixedly arranged on the loading plate at a position corresponding to the limiting block. The limiting block is slidably matched with the groove plate.

[0012] Preferably, an extension plate is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting shaft away from the loading shaft. A threaded rod is threadedly connected to the extension plate. The positioning block is fixedly connected to one end of the extension plate facing the center of the follower gear.

[0013] Preferably, an arc surface is provided on the side of the positioning block facing the center of the follower gear, and an anti-slip pad is arranged on the arc surface.

[0014] Preferably, a waste liquid treatment component is further provided on the tool table. The waste liquid treatment component is composed of a collection component and a treatment component; The collection component includes a twin rod fixedly connected to the side of the tool table close to the loading shaft. A recovery chamber is slidably connected to the twin rod. A filter plate is snap-fitted and installed on the top side inside the recovery chamber. The filter holes on the filter plate do not allow metal inserts to pass through. A drain pipe is communicated with the bottom of the recovery chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the treatment component includes a bent rod fixedly connected to one side of the top of the U-shaped plate. One end of the bent rod away from the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to a brush plate. Brush hairs consistent with the length direction of the filter plate are uniformly arranged on the bottom of the brush plate, and the brush hairs are attached to the top surface of the filter plate. An electromagnet I is fixedly arranged on the side of the brush plate away from the recovery chamber. A through groove for the brush plate and the electromagnet I to translate through is formed on the recovery chamber. There is no contact between the bottom surface of the electromagnet I and the top surface of the filter plate. A secondary chamber is snap-connected to the outer wall of one side of the recovery chamber. An electromagnet II is fixedly installed on the bottom surface inside the secondary chamber. A push piece is slidably connected to the inside of the secondary chamber. The bottom of the push piece is adapted to and attached to the outer surface of the electromagnet II.

[0016] Adopting the technical solution provided by the present invention, compared with the known prior art, the following beneficial effects are achieved: This automatic universal machine tool, through the composite drive design of the first drive device and the second drive device, can realize the coordinated movement of at least four machining tool heads in horizontal lateral translation and horizontal longitudinal synchronous feeding. A single machining tool head can be quickly translated to a specified position according to the machining requirements. With the propulsion of the first drive device, it is ensured that the machining tool head is always coaxial with the loading shaft and the metal bar, avoiding the wear and positioning deviation problems of traditional mechanical jams. At the same time, without manual adjustment of the loading structure of the machining tool head, the automatic switching between different machining tool heads can be completed, significantly improving the flexibility and machining efficiency of the machine tool for machining metal bars; With the drive of the first drive device and the coordinated operation of the positioning mechanism, when the machining tool head approaches the metal bar, through the meshing transmission of the driving gear and the follower gear, each positioning block is driven to closely fit on the outside of the metal bar, forming the effect of multi-point clamping. By calibrating and positioning the positioning state of the metal bar on the loading shaft, the dynamic coaxial calibration of the metal bar and the machining tool head is realized, ensuring the stability during the machining of the metal bar and improving the final forming quality of the metal pin; With the setting of the extension plate and the threaded rod, each positioning block is allowed to be adaptively adjusted within a certain range, compatible with the clamping requirements of bars of different specifications, and improving the adaptability and practicality of clamping the metal bar; The collection assembly formed by components such as the recovery chamber and the filter plate can not only reasonably collect the coolant, avoiding the coolant flowing on the machine body, but also realize the preliminary solid-liquid separation of the coolant during the collection process, reducing the treatment pressure for the subsequent reuse of the coolant; Through the set processing assembly, during the translation of the U-shaped plate in the first drive device, the metal impurities intercepted on the surface of the filter plate can be automatically transferred, ensuring that the filter plate has a continuous and stable impurity interception effect, and at the same time ensuring that the electromagnet has the function of continuously adsorbing and transferring metal impurities; In summary, the obvious differences between this machine tool and the prior art are as follows: adopting a modular layout, integrating functions such as tool switching, positioning calibration, and waste liquid treatment, and realizing the linkage and cooperation of each part. The independent switching of the four tool heads supports multi-process continuous machining, can be compatible with various metal materials such as copper, aluminum, and stainless steel, and bars of different diameter specifications, achieving multi-purpose use of one machine, reducing the space occupation and operation cost of traditional multi-machine combinations, and adapting to the high-efficiency machining requirements of the automated production line. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is the main view three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the relevant components at the tool table in the present invention; Figure 3 It is the partial three-dimensional structure diagram of the relevant components at the tool switching mechanism in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components at another perspective of the tool switching mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components at the second slider in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components at the cooperating positioning mechanism in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a partial exploded three-dimensional structure diagram of the cooperating positioning mechanism in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components in the state where the follower gear is partially cut in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components at the twin rods in the present invention; Figure 10 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components at the drain pipe in the present invention; Figure 11 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of related components at the brush plate and the electromagnet one in the present invention; Figure 12 In the present invention Figure 11 Partial enlarged structure diagram at position A in

[0018] The reference numerals in the figure respectively represent: 1. Outer body; 11. Moving plate; 12. Loading plate; 13. Loading shaft; 14. Tool table; Tool switching mechanism: First driving device: 21. Carrying platform; 22. First electric slide rail; 23. First slider; 24. Servo motor; 25. Lead screw; 26. Nut; 27. U-shaped plate; 28. Magnetic protrusion; Second driving device: 29. T-shaped platform; 210. Second electric slide rail; 211. Second slider; Tool moving device: 212. Tool plate; 213. Limit slide rail; 214. Limit slider; 215. Tool holder; 216. Machining tool head; 217. Magnetic attraction plate; Cooperating positioning mechanism: 31. Linkage shaft; 32. Lead screw shaft; 33. Nut sleeve; 34. Driving gear; 35. Follower gear; 36. Arc groove; 37. Limit shaft; 38. Positioning block; 381. Extension plate; 382. Threaded rod; 39. Limit block; 310. Grooved plate; Waste liquid treatment mechanism: Collection assembly: 41. Twin rods; 42. Recovery cabin; 421. Drain pipe; 43. Filter plate; Treatment assembly: 44. Bent rod; 45. Brush plate; 46. Electromagnet one; 47. Auxiliary cabin; 48. Electromagnet two; 49. Pushing piece. Specific implementation manner

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1 to 5 shown, an automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting heads for metal pin processing includes an outer body 1, and the universal machine tool further includes a numerical control device provided on one side of the outer body 1, which is prior art. A moving plate 11 is provided on the outer body 1, a loading plate 12 is provided on one side surface of the moving plate 11, and a loading shaft 13 for clamping a metal bar is provided on the loading plate 12. Note: The loading shaft 13 is only the naming method in this solution, and its specific structure and principle are equivalent to the fixture on the existing universal machine tool. A tool table 14 is provided beside the loading shaft 13 on the outer body 1, and a tool switching mechanism is provided on the tool table 14. The tool switching mechanism includes at least four processing tool heads 216 arranged in a rectangular array; The tool switching mechanism further includes a first driving device, a second driving device, and a tool moving device correspondingly arranged with the processing tool head 216. The tool moving device is connected to the second driving device. The independent processing tool head 216 is driven by the first driving device to reciprocate independently in the Y direction, and each tool moving device is driven by the second driving device to reciprocate simultaneously in the X direction; Initially, one of the processing tool heads 216 is always coaxially arranged with the loading shaft 13.

[0021] Specifically, the first driving device includes a bearing platform 21 fixedly arranged on the tool table 14. Two first electric slide rails 22 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing platform 21. First sliders 23 are slidably arranged on both first electric slide rails 22. A magnetic protrusion 28 is fixedly arranged on one side of one of the first sliders 23 facing the loading shaft 13. A servo motor 24 is further installed on the top of the bearing platform 21. A lead screw 25 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 24 through a coupling. A nut 26 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 25. A U-shaped plate 27 is fixedly installed on the top of the nut 26. One end of the U-shaped plate 27 away from the loading shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider 23, and the other end of the U-shaped plate 27 away from the loading shaft 13 is fixed to the top of the magnetic protrusion 28; The second driving device includes a T-shaped platform 29 fixedly arranged on the tool table 14. A second electric slide rail 210 is fixedly installed on the top of the T-shaped platform 29. A second slider 211 is slidably arranged on the second electric slide rail 210; The tool moving device includes a tool plate 212 fixedly connected to the top of the second slider 211. At least four limit slide rails 213 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the tool plate 212. A limit slider 214 is slidably arranged on each limit slide rail 213. A tool holder 215 is fixedly installed on the top of each limit slider 214. A machining tool head 216 is installed on the corresponding tool holder 215. A magnetic attraction plate 217 is fixedly arranged on one side of the tool holder 215 away from the machining tool head 216. The magnetic attraction plate 217 has magnetism, and the magnetism of the magnetic attraction plate 217 is opposite to that of the magnetic protrusion 28, and the magnetic protrusion 28 is located on the path of the magnetic attraction plate 217 moving and translating along the Y direction.

[0022] During use: The staff clamps the metal bar to be machined in the loading shaft 13, and then preset the execution program through the numerical control device arranged on the outer body 1. Subsequently, the servo motor 24 is started to drive the lead screw 25 to rotate through the machine shaft. Under the limiting action of the first electric slide rail 22 and the first slider 23, the nut 26 is urged to translate along the outside of the lead screw 25 in the direction close to the magnetic attraction plate 217. At the same time, the U-shaped plate 27 drives the magnetic protrusion 28 to gradually approach a corresponding magnetic attraction plate 217. When the magnetic protrusion 28 contacts the corresponding magnetic attraction plate 217, the two are magnetically attracted to each other, and the magnetic attraction plate 217, the tool holder 215, and the limit slider 214 are synchronously pushed to translate along with the translation of the magnetic protrusion 28, so as to urge the machining tool head 216 loaded on the tool holder 215 to gradually approach the metal bar. Then, with the start of the machining program of the machine tool, the metal bar to be machined can be correspondingly machined, such as drilling, grooving, cutting, etc.

[0023] During the machining process, if it is necessary to replace different tools in time, the numerical control device on the outer body 1 first controls the machine shaft of the servo motor 24 to rotate reversely, driving the nut 26 to translate reversely and reset along the outer wall of the lead screw 25, and at the same time driving the magnetic protrusion 28 to translate reversely and reset. Then, the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic protrusion 28 and the magnetic attraction plate 217 is used to drive the magnetic attraction plate 217 to translate reversely and reset, so that the machining tool head 216 finally moves away from the metal bar. And when the magnetic protrusion 28 is reset to the initial position, the magnetic protrusion 28 and the magnetic attraction plate 217 are separated under the translational force of the nut 26. Subsequently, the servo motor 24 is first temporarily stopped, and then the second electric slide rail 210 is started to drive the second slider 211 to translate along its outer wall, that is, along the X direction, so that the next machining tool head 216 and the loading shaft 13, the metal bar are on the same axis. At this time, the magnetic attraction plate 217 corresponding to the machining tool head 216 also just corresponds to the magnetic protrusion 28. Then, the servo motor 24 is started again. After repeating the above pushing steps and running the machining program, the metal bar can be continuously machined. In this way, the subsequent machining tool heads 216 can be automatically switched and used according to this step.

[0024] Therefore, through the composite drive design of the first drive device and the second drive device, the cooperative movement of at least four processing tool heads 216 in horizontal lateral translation and horizontal longitudinal synchronous feeding can be realized. A single processing tool head 216 can be quickly translated to a specified position according to processing requirements. With the advancement of the first drive device, it is ensured that the processing tool head 216 is always coaxial with the loading shaft 13 and the metal bar, avoiding the wear and positioning deviation problems of traditional mechanical jamming. At the same time, without manually adjusting the loading structure of the processing tool head 216, the automatic switching between different processing tool heads 216 can be completed, significantly improving the flexibility and processing efficiency of the machine tool for processing metal bars.

[0025] Embodiment 2: As Figures 6 to 8 shown, the above automatic universal machine tool further includes a cooperative positioning mechanism jointly arranged on the loading plate 12, the loading shaft 13, and the U-shaped plate 27; The cooperative positioning mechanism includes a linkage shaft 31 fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped plate 27. One end of the linkage shaft 31 away from the U-shaped plate 27 is fixedly connected with a lead screw shaft 32. A nut sleeve 33 is rotatably connected at a position corresponding to the lead screw shaft 32 on the loading plate 12. The nut sleeve 33 is threadedly connected to one end of the lead screw shaft 32. A driving gear 34 is fixedly connected to the outside of the nut sleeve 33. A follower gear 35 is rotatably connected to the outside of the loading shaft 13. The follower gear 35 meshes with the driving gear 34. Three arc-shaped grooves 36 distributed in a ring are formed on the follower gear 35. A limiting shaft 37 is slidably connected inside each arc-shaped groove 36. A positioning block 38 is adjustably arranged on one side of the limiting shaft 37 away from the loading shaft 13. There are at least three positioning blocks 38, and they are also distributed in a ring. A limiting block 39 is fixedly arranged on one side of each limiting shaft 37 close to the loading plate 12. A groove plate 310 is fixedly arranged on the loading plate 12 at a position corresponding to the limiting block 39. The limiting block 39 is slidably matched with the groove plate 310. The limiting block 39 is wedge-shaped, and the groove plate 310 is adapted to the wedge-shaped limiting block 39.

[0026] Furthermore, an extension plate 381 is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting shaft 37 away from the loading shaft 13. A threaded rod 382 is threadedly connected to the extension plate 381. The positioning block 38 is fixedly connected to one end of the extension plate 381 facing the center of the follower gear 35. During use, by rotating the threaded rod 382, the distance between the positioning block 38 and the center of the follower gear 35 can be adjusted to adapt to metal bars with different outer diameter sizes, improving the applicability of the positioning function of each positioning block 38 to the metal bar. An arc surface is provided on one side of the positioning block 38 facing the center of the follower gear 35, and an anti-slip pad is arranged on the arc surface. The arc surface with the anti-slip pad can better contact the metal bar to be processed, thereby better positioning the metal bar.

[0027] During use: When the U-shaped plate 27 translates towards the loading shaft 13 in the first embodiment above, it will also drive the linkage shaft 31 and the lead screw shaft 32 to displace synchronously. As the lead screw shaft 32 translates, under the action of thread engagement, it drives the nut sleeve 33 to drive the driving gear 34 to rotate, and then drives the follower gear 35 meshing with it to rotate in the opposite direction through the driving gear 34. As the follower gear 35 rotates, under the extrusion action of each arc groove 36 and the limiting action of the limiting block 39 and the groove plate 310, it causes each limiting shaft 37 and positioning block 38 to gradually translate towards the center of the follower gear 35, and makes the arc surface of each positioning block 38 closely fit the outside of the metal bar, realizing the secondary clamping of the metal bar.

[0028] In addition, considering that the diameter sizes of different metal bars are different, before the processing operation, the staff can adjust the position of the positioning block 38 from the center of the follower gear 35 by rotating each threaded rod 382 according to the outer diameter of the bar. Specifically, the translation distance of the U-shaped plate 27 driving the lead screw shaft 32 is fixed, that is, the rotation angle of the driving gear 34 driving the follower gear 35 is also fixed, so the moving distance of each positioning block 38 is also constant. Then, when adjusting the distance between the positioning block 38 and the center of the follower gear 35, it can be carried out after the follower gear 35 rotates and is in the final state. In this way, it is ensured that each time the lead screw shaft 32 translates, each positioning block 38 can closely fit the outside of the metal bar.

[0029] After processing, the lead screw shaft 32 translates and resets, driving the driving gear 34 and the follower gear 35 to rotate in the opposite direction respectively, and finally making each positioning block 38 move away from the outside of the metal bar to release the clamping state.

[0030] Therefore, by the drive of the first drive device and the coordinated operation of the cooperating positioning mechanism, when the processing tool head 216 approaches the metal bar, through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 34 and the follower gear 35, it drives each positioning block 38 to closely fit the outside of the metal bar, forming a multi-point clamping effect, and realizing the dynamic coaxial calibration of the metal bar and the processing tool head 216 by calibrating and positioning the positioning state of the metal bar on the loading shaft 13, ensuring the stability during the processing of the metal bar and improving the final forming quality of the metal pin.

[0031] Moreover, by using the extension plate 381 and the threaded rod 382, each positioning block 38 is allowed to be adaptively adjusted within a certain range, compatible with the clamping requirements of different specifications of bars, and improving the adaptability and practicality of clamping the metal bar.

[0032] Embodiment Three: As Figures 9 to 12 shown, the above-mentioned automatic universal machine tool further includes a waste liquid treatment component arranged on the tool table 14, and the waste liquid treatment component is composed of a collection component and a treatment component; Collection component, including a double-rod 41 fixedly connected to one side of the tool table 14 close to the loading shaft 13. A recovery chamber 42 is slidably connected to the double-rod 41. A filter plate 43 is snap-fitted and installed on the inner top side of the recovery chamber 42, and the filter holes on the filter plate 43 do not allow metal inserts to pass through. A drain pipe 421 is communicatively arranged at the bottom of the recovery chamber 42. An electromagnetic valve is installed on the drain pipe 421, and the drain pipe 421 can be communicatively connected to an external suction device, specifically configured as a "suction pump", and the suction pump is used to automatically discharge the coolant collected inside the recovery chamber 42. Processing component, including a bent rod 44 fixedly connected to one side of the top of the U-shaped plate 27. A brush plate 45 is fixedly connected to the end of the bent rod 44 away from the U-shaped plate 27. Brush hairs consistent with the length direction of the filter plate 43 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the brush plate 45, and the brush hairs are in contact with the top surface of the filter plate 43. An electromagnet 46 is fixedly arranged on the side of the brush plate 45 away from the recovery chamber 42. A through groove for the brush plate 45 and the electromagnet 46 to translate through is opened on the recovery chamber 42. There is no contact between the bottom surface of the electromagnet 46 and the top surface of the filter plate 43. A secondary chamber 47 is snap-fitted and connected to the outer wall of one side of the recovery chamber 42. An electromagnet 48 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the secondary chamber 47. A push plate 49 is slidably connected inside the secondary chamber 47, and the bottom of the push plate 49 is adapted to and in contact with the outer surface of the electromagnet 48.

[0033] During use: In addition, considering that during the processing of metal bars, in order to protect the tool and reduce the processing temperature of the metal bar, it is usually necessary to continuously spray coolant onto the contact part between the tool and the metal bar. Therefore, when the coolant is sprayed onto the processing tool head 216 and the metal bar, it will then fall into the interior of the recovery chamber 42 by itself, and the filter plate 43 plays a role of intercepting and filtering. The coolant passes through the filter plate 43 and falls into the interior of the recovery chamber 42 for collection, and some metal impurities in the coolant will be intercepted on the surface of the filter plate 43, thereby realizing the preliminary separation of the metal impurities in the coolant. The coolant collected inside the recovery chamber 42 can be connected to an external suction pump communicatively connected to the drain pipe 421, and the coolant is pumped out by the suction pump. Therefore, the collection component formed by components such as the recovery chamber 42 and the filter plate 43 can not only collect the coolant reasonably, avoid the coolant from flowing on the machine body, but also realize the preliminary solid-liquid separation of the coolant during the collection process, reducing the processing pressure during the subsequent reuse of the coolant.

[0034] Meanwhile, when the U-shaped plate 27 translates towards the loading shaft 13 in the first embodiment above, it will also drive the bending rod 44, the brush plate 45, and the electromagnet 46 to translate synchronously. After the brush plate 45 translates, it will scrape the surface of the filter plate 43 to prevent metal impurities from caking and blocking the filter holes of the filter plate 43. Since the electromagnet 46 is arranged on one side of the brush plate 45 and is located on the side opposite to the scraping direction of the brush plate 45, after the brush plate 45 breaks up the caked metal impurities, the electromagnet 46 is energized to automatically adsorb the metal impurities adhering to the surface of the filter plate 43 by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 46. After the brush plate 45 and the electromagnet 46 move to the final position, the electromagnet 46 is exactly above the secondary cabin 47, and they correspond up and down. At this time, the electromagnet 46 is powered off, and the electromagnet 48 is energized to transfer the metal impurities adsorbed on the bottom surface of the electromagnet 46 by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 48, so as to ensure that the electromagnet 46 has the performance of continuously adsorbing impurities.

[0035] In addition, after the processing operation is completed, the staff can remove the secondary cabin 47 from the recovery cabin 42 and pour out the metal impurities inside the secondary cabin 47 when the electromagnet 48 is powered off. The pushing piece 49 can act as a scraper. By manually pushing the pushing piece 49 to translate inside the secondary cabin 47 and its bottom moving along the outer surface of the electromagnet 48, it is convenient to pour out the metal impurities from the secondary cabin 47.

[0036] Therefore, through the set processing component, during the translation of the U-shaped plate 27 in the driving device one, the metal impurities intercepted on the surface of the filter plate 43 can be automatically transferred, so as to ensure that the filter plate 43 has a continuous and stable impurity interception effect, and at the same time, it also ensures that the electromagnet 46 has the function of continuously adsorbing and transferring metal impurities.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting heads for processing metal pins, which is used to process metal bars into metal pins. It includes an outer body (1). A moving plate (11) is arranged on the outer body (1), and a loading plate (12) is arranged on one side surface of the moving plate (11). And a loading shaft (13) for clamping the metal bar is arranged on the loading plate (12). A tool table (14) is arranged beside the loading shaft (13) on the outer body (1). It is characterized in that, It also includes a tool switching mechanism arranged on the tool table (14), which includes: At least four processing cutting heads (216) arranged in a rectangular array; It also includes a first driving device, a second driving device and a tool moving device arranged corresponding to the processing cutting head (216). The tool moving device is connected to the second driving device. The independent processing cutting head (216) is driven to reciprocate independently in the Y direction by the first driving device, and each tool moving device is driven to reciprocate simultaneously in the X direction by the second driving device; Initially, the axis of one of the processing cutting heads (216) is always coaxial with the axis of the loading shaft (13).

2. The automatic universal machine tool with four independent cutting heads for metal pin processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving device includes a bearing platform (21) fixedly arranged on the tool table (14). Two first electric slide rails (22) are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing platform (21). First sliders (23) are slidably arranged on both of the first electric slide rails (22). A magnetic protrusion (28) is fixedly arranged on one side of one of the first sliders (23) facing the loading shaft (13). A servo motor (24) is also installed on the top of the bearing platform (21). A lead screw (25) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (24) through a coupling. A nut (26) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (25). A U-shaped plate (27) is fixedly installed on the top of the nut (26). One end of the U-shaped plate (27) far from the loading shaft (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider (23), and the other end of the U-shaped plate (27) far from the loading shaft (13) is fixed to the top of the magnetic protrusion (28).

3. The automatic universal machine tool with four independent switching cutter heads for metal pin processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second driving device includes a T-shaped platform (29) fixedly arranged on the tool table (14). A second electric slide rail (210) is fixedly installed on the top of the T-shaped platform (29). A second slider (211) is slidably arranged on the second electric slide rail (210).

4. The automatic universal machine tool with four independent cutting heads for metal pin processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tool moving device includes a tool plate (212) fixedly connected to the top of the second slider (211). At least four limiting slide rails (213) are fixedly installed on the top surface of the tool plate (212). Limiting sliders (214) are slidably arranged on each of the limiting slide rails (213). Tool seats (215) are fixedly installed on the tops of the limiting sliders (214). The processing cutting head (216) is installed on the corresponding tool seat (215). A magnetic suction plate (217) is fixedly arranged on one side of the tool seat (215) far from the processing cutting head (216).

5. The automatic universal machine tool with four independent cutting heads for metal pin processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic attraction plate (217) has magnetism, and the magnetism of the magnetic attraction plate (217) is opposite to that of the magnetic protrusion (28), and the magnetic protrusion (28) is located on the path of the magnetic attraction plate (217) moving and translating along the Y direction.

6. The automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting tools for metal pin processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cooperative positioning mechanism is jointly arranged on the loading plate (12), the loading shaft (13), and the U-shaped plate (27). The cooperative positioning mechanism includes a linkage shaft (31) fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped plate (27). One end of the linkage shaft (31) away from the U-shaped plate (27) is fixedly connected to a lead screw shaft (32). A lead screw sleeve (33) is rotatably connected to the position of the loading plate (12) corresponding to the lead screw shaft (32). The lead screw sleeve (33) is threadedly connected to one end of the lead screw shaft (32). A driving gear (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the lead screw sleeve (33). A follower gear (35) is rotatably connected to the outside of the loading shaft (13). The follower gear (35) meshes with the driving gear (34). Three arc-shaped grooves (36) distributed in a ring are formed in the follower gear (35). A limiting shaft (37) is slidably connected to each arc-shaped groove (36). A positioning block (38) is adjustably arranged on one side of the limiting shaft (37) away from the loading shaft (13). A limiting block (39) is fixedly arranged on one side of each limiting shaft (37) close to the loading plate (12). A groove plate (310) is fixedly arranged on the loading plate (12) at a position corresponding to the limiting block (39). The limiting block (39) is slidably matched with the groove plate (310).

7. The automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting tools for metal pin processing according to claim 6, characterized in that, An extension plate (381) is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting shaft (37) away from the loading shaft (13). A threaded rod (382) is threadedly connected to the extension plate (381). The positioning block (38) is fixedly connected to one end of the extension plate (381) facing the center of the follower gear (35).

8. The automatic universal machine tool with independently switchable four cutting heads for metal pin machining according to claim 6, characterized in that, One side of the positioning block (38) facing the center of the follower gear (35) is provided with an arc surface, and an anti-slip pad is arranged on the arc surface.

9. The automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting tools for processing metal pins according to claim 1, wherein A waste liquid treatment component is further arranged on the tool table (14). The waste liquid treatment component is composed of a collection component and a treatment component; The collection component includes a double rod (41) fixedly connected to one side of the tool table (14) close to the loading shaft (13). A recovery chamber (42) is slidably connected to the double rod (41). A filter plate (43) is clamped and installed on the top side inside the recovery chamber (42). The filter holes on the filter plate (43) do not allow metal inserts to pass through. A drain pipe (421) is communicated with the bottom of the recovery chamber (42).

10. The automatic universal machine tool with independent switching of four cutting tools for metal pin processing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The processing component includes a bent rod (44) fixedly connected to one side of the top of the U-shaped plate (27). One end of the bent rod (44) away from the U-shaped plate (27) is fixedly connected to a brush plate (45). The bottom of the brush plate (45) is evenly provided with bristles consistent with the length direction of the filter plate (43), and the bristles are in contact with the top surface of the filter plate (43). One side of the brush plate (45) away from the recovery cabin (42) is fixedly provided with an electromagnet I (46). A through groove for the brush plate (45) and the electromagnet I (46) to translate through is formed on the recovery cabin (42). There is no contact between the bottom surface of the electromagnet I (46) and the top surface of the filter plate (43). A secondary cabin (47) is snap-connected to the outer wall of one side of the recovery cabin (42). An electromagnet II (48) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the secondary cabin (47). A push piece (49) is slidably connected inside the secondary cabin (47). The bottom of the push piece (49) is adaptively fitted to the outer surface of the electromagnet II (48).

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