Fully-mechanized face hydraulic support top beam frame seam dust removal device

Abstract

The invention relates to a fully-mechanized face hydraulic support top beam frame seam dust removal device, and belongs to the field of coal mine dust prevention and control. Comprising a hydraulic dust guide unit, dust blocking curtains and a spray induction dust removal unit, and an airflow channel is formed between the two dust blocking curtains; the hydraulic dust guiding unit comprises an airflow generator and a hydraulic motor connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder and the impeller. When the hydraulic support descends and moves, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil cylinder flows to drive the hydraulic motor to rotate, then the impeller is driven to rotate, and the airflow generator forms airflow blowing to the airflow channel. The spray induced dust removal device comprises a venturi tube, and a high-pressure spray head is arranged on the venturi tube; air flow drives dust to be blown into the Venturi tube through the air flow channel, and the high-pressure spray head sprays water to remove dust. A one-way valve is arranged in the first high-pressure rubber pipe and drives the impeller to rotate in one direction. The high-pressure spray head is opened and closed through the sheet type ball valve under the action of the hydraulic oil cylinder. The problem of dust harm at the frame seam when the top beam of the hydraulic support descends and moves the hydraulic support is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of coal mine dust prevention and control, and relates to a dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of a hydraulic support in a fully mechanized coal mining face. Background Art

[0002] As the mainstream technology in the field of coal mining, the fully mechanized coal mining technology has been widely applied and promoted in major coal-producing areas due to its high degree of mechanization and high production capacity. However, although this technology has greatly improved the efficiency of coal mining, it has also brought a series of work safety problems, among which the dust hazard is particularly prominent. In a fully mechanized coal mining face, due to the high degree of mechanization and large production intensity, a large amount of dust will be generated during the processes of coal mining, crushing, and transportation. These dusts not only pollute the working environment but also pose a serious threat to the physical health of workers.

[0003] Among the numerous dust source points in a fully mechanized coal mining face, the shearer drum is undoubtedly the largest dust source. When the shearer drum rotates at a high speed to cut the coal seam, a large amount of coal dust will be generated, and this part of the dust accounts for about 60 - 80% of the total dust production in the working face. Secondly, during the process of lowering and moving the hydraulic support, the coal and rock powder scattered between the seams will also form dust, further aggravating the dust pollution in the working face. And what directly affects the health of workers is often the fine and unavoidable dust at the seams of the support. These dust particles are small and easy to be inhaled into the lungs. Long-term exposure to such an environment, workers are prone to occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis.

[0004] In order to effectively address the dust problem in a fully mechanized coal mining face, research institutions and coal enterprises have invested in research and development. For fully mechanized coal mining faces with a mining height greater than 4.5m, a series of between - support dust prevention devices have been developed. These devices make clever use of the inclination angle design of the shield beam of the hydraulic support to catch the coal and rock powder that falls from the seam of the top beam during the process of lowering and moving the support. The caught dust is then introduced into the goaf through a special diversion device, thus effectively reducing the generation of dust. This innovative design not only solves the dust problem at the seams of the support but also greatly improves the working environment of workers, enhancing the work safety and comfort.

[0005] However, for fully mechanized coal mining faces with a mining height lower than 4.5m, the design and application of dust prevention devices are more complex and intractable. Since the heads of the operating personnel in such working faces are under the top beam of the hydraulic support and the top beam is in a horizontal posture, if the dust prevention devices similar to those at the seams of large - mining - height working faces are directly adopted, a series of problems will occur. First of all, due to the lack of a natural inclination angle, the caught coal and rock powder cannot be naturally discharged and is prone to accumulate in the device, affecting the dust prevention effect. Secondly, due to the limited mining height, the installation space for the dust prevention device is very limited. If the design is improper, it is very easy to affect the passage of personnel in the working area and the operation efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, for fully-mechanized mining faces with a mining height lower than 4.5 m, it is urgent to explore a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems and provide strong guarantees for the physical health and safe production of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of a hydraulic support in a fully-mechanized mining face, which solves the problem of dust hazards caused by the scattered coal and rock powder in the seam during the process of lowering the support and moving the support.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of a hydraulic support in a fully-mechanized mining face is arranged at the connection of the top beam and the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic support, and includes a hydraulic dust guiding unit, a dust curtain and a spray-induced dust removal unit arranged in sequence. Among them, there are two dust curtains, which are arranged side by side on both sides of the connection of the top beam and the hydraulic cylinder, and an air flow channel is formed between the dust curtains; the spray-induced dust removal unit is arranged on the shield beam of the hydraulic support; the hydraulic dust guiding unit and the spray-induced dust removal unit are respectively connected to the hydraulic cylinder;

[0010] The hydraulic dust guiding unit includes an air flow generator facing the air flow channel, and a hydraulic motor connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a first high-pressure rubber hose. The hydraulic motor is connected to the impeller on the air flow generator; when the hydraulic support lowers and moves the support, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder flows, driving the hydraulic motor to rotate, and then driving the impeller to rotate. The air flow generator forms an air flow blowing towards the air flow channel;

[0011] The spray-induced dust removal includes a Venturi tube communicated with the air flow channel, and a high-pressure nozzle is arranged in the Venturi tube; the air flow drives the dust to be blown into the Venturi tube through the air flow channel, and the high-pressure nozzle sprays water for dust removal.

[0012] Optionally, a check valve is arranged in the first high-pressure rubber hose to make the hydraulic motor rotate in one direction.

[0013] Optionally, the high-pressure nozzle is connected to the water pipe on the hydraulic support through a second high-pressure rubber hose.

[0014] Optionally, a wafer ball valve is arranged on the second high-pressure rubber hose to control the opening of the high-pressure nozzle.

[0015] Optionally, the wafer ball valve is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic drive unit. When the hydraulic support lowers and moves the support, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder flows, driving the wafer ball valve to rotate to control the opening of the high-pressure nozzle.

[0016] Optionally, a reset unit is further provided on the wafer ball valve. When the hydraulic support stops operating, under the action of the reset unit, the wafer ball valve resets, thereby driving the closing of the high-pressure nozzle.

[0017] Optionally, both the dust-proof curtain and the spray-induced dust removal unit are suspended on the hydraulic support.

[0018] Optionally, the hydraulic motor drives the impeller to rotate to form an air volume of 25 - 35 m 3 / min.

[0019] Optionally, the effective ventilation section formed by the dust-proof curtain and the top beam is 0.07 - 0.12 m 2 , forming an air current with a wind speed of 4 - 5 m / s.

[0020] Optionally, the spray pressure of the high-pressure nozzle is 4 MPa.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The present invention realizes that when the hydraulic support descends the column and moves the support, the hydraulic oil flow drives the hydraulic motor to rotate unidirectionally, and then drives the impeller to rotate, forming a high-speed air current in the air flow generator. The soft dust-proof curtain is suspended inside the side guard plate of the top beam, enclosing a protection passage with the top beam, and is not affected by the air flow between the supports. The spray-induced dust removal unit blows the high-pressure spray towards the gob area of the support through the Venturi tube, forming a negative pressure area at the air inlet, and forming a "blowing and sucking" ventilation passage with the hydraulic dust guiding unit. The hydraulic dust guiding unit is connected in series with the hydraulic cylinder through a high-pressure rubber hose to achieve the linkage effect between the operation of the hydraulic support and the hydraulic motor. The spray-induced dust removal unit is connected to the clean water pipe of the support through a high-pressure rubber hose and a wafer ball valve to realize automatic spraying when the support operates.

[0023] The high-speed air current formed by the hydraulic dust guiding unit is combined with the negative pressure area of the spray-induced dust removal unit to form a "blowing and sucking" ventilation passage, effectively blowing the coal and rock powder scattered in the seam towards the dust removal unit, and using the high-pressure spray to reduce and remove the high-concentration dust. By driving the opening and closing of the wafer ball valve and the high-pressure nozzle through the hydraulic drive unit and the hydraulic cylinder, the mechanism that the support operates and the dust removal unit works, and the support does not move and the dust removal unit does not work is realized, avoiding unnecessary energy waste. The design of the effective ventilation section formed by the soft dust-proof curtain and the top beam, as well as the "blowing and sucking combination" working mode, improve the dust collection efficiency and effectively eliminate the dust at the gap of the hydraulic support.

[0024] The overall device is fixed by hanging, which does not occupy production space, is easy to disassemble and assemble, and does not affect normal production operations. Compared with the receiving device with a certain inclination angle installed on the shield beam of the hydraulic support, it has a small volume and is convenient for disassembly and assembly. It is especially suitable for preventing and controlling dust in the head space of personnel in the fully mechanized mining face of medium-thick coal seams. This device has the characteristics of being easy to disassemble and assemble, not affecting production, not occupying production space, not wasting water resources, and "blowing and sucking combination", with high dust collection efficiency.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail preferably with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0027] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the hydraulic dust guiding unit;

[0029] Figure 3 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the spray-induced dust removal unit.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 1 Hydraulic support, 11 Roof beam, 12 Hydraulic cylinder, 13 Shield beam,

[0032] 2 Hydraulic dust guiding unit, 21 Air flow generator, 22 Hydraulic motor, 23 Impeller,

[0033] 3 Dust curtain,

[0034] 4 Spray-induced dust removal unit, 41 Venturi tube, 42 High-pressure nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] Among them, the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, not physical diagrams, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the attached drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which does not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the attached drawings may be omitted.

[0037] In the attached drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the attached drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the attached drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of a fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support, arranged at the connection of the top beam 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the hydraulic support 1. It includes a hydraulic dust guiding unit 2, a dust curtain 3, and a spray-induced dust removal unit 4 arranged in sequence. Among them, there are two dust curtains 3, which are suspended side by side on both sides of the connection of the top beam 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 12, forming an air flow channel between the dust curtains 3; the spray-induced dust removal unit 4 is suspended on the shield beam 13 of the hydraulic support 1; the hydraulic dust guiding unit 2 and the spray-induced dust removal unit 4 are respectively connected to the hydraulic cylinder 12.

[0039] The hydraulic dust guiding unit 2 includes an air flow generator 21 facing the air flow channel, and a hydraulic motor 22 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 12 through a first high-pressure rubber hose. The hydraulic motor 22 is connected to the impeller 23 on the air flow generator 21; when the hydraulic support 1 lowers the prop and moves the support, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 12 flows, driving the hydraulic motor 22 to rotate, and then driving the impeller 23 to rotate, and the air flow generator 21 forms an air flow blowing towards the air flow channel.

[0040] A one-way valve is provided inside the first high-pressure rubber hose to achieve the one-way rotation of the hydraulic motor 22, which in turn drives the one-way rotation of the impeller 23, causing the air flow generator 21 to form an air current that always blows towards the air flow channel.

[0041] The spray-induced dust removal device 4 includes a Venturi tube 41 communicated with the air flow channel, and a high-pressure spray head 42 is arranged inside the Venturi tube 41; the air current drives the dust to blow into the Venturi tube 41 through the air flow channel, and water spraying dust removal is carried out by the high-pressure spray head 42. The high-pressure spray head 42 is connected to the water pipe on the hydraulic support 1 through a second high-pressure rubber hose. A wafer ball valve is provided on the second high-pressure rubber hose to control the opening of the high-pressure spray head 42.

[0042] The wafer ball valve is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 12 through a hydraulic drive unit. When the hydraulic support 1 descends and moves the support, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 12 flows, driving the wafer ball valve to rotate to control the opening of the high-pressure spray head 42. A reset unit is also provided on the wafer ball valve. When the hydraulic support 1 stops operating, under the action of the reset unit, the wafer ball valve resets, thereby driving the closing of the high-pressure spray head 42. A mechanism is realized that when the support moves, the dust removal unit works, and when the support does not move, the dust removal unit does not work.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] On the basis of the above device, when the operation of descending and moving the support of the hydraulic support 1 causes the hydraulic oil to flow, the hydraulic oil drives the hydraulic motor 22 to rotate in one direction (a one-way valve is installed in the first high-pressure rubber hose between the hydraulic motor 22 and the hydraulic cylinder 12), the hydraulic motor 22 drives the impeller 23 to rotate, and a high-speed air current blowing towards the spray-induced dust removal unit 4 is formed in the air flow generator 21. The air current passes through the protection channel formed by two soft dust-proof curtains 3 suspended inside the side guard plate of the top beam 11 and is not affected by the air current between the supports. The spray-induced dust removal unit 4 includes a Venturi tube 41, and the high-pressure spray blows towards the gob area of the hydraulic support 1, forming a negative pressure area at the air inlet of the spray-induced dust removal unit 4, thereby forming a "blowing and sucking" ventilation channel from the self-containing liquid-driven dust guiding unit 2 to the spray-induced dust removal unit 4. The hydraulic motor 22 drives the impeller 23 to form an air volume of about 30m 3 / min. The spray-induced dust removal unit 4 can generate a suction air volume of about 30m 3 / min under the spray pressure of 4 MPa. The effective ventilation section enclosed by the soft dust-proof curtain 3 and the top beam 11 is about 0.09m 2 , and an air current of 4 - 5 m / s can be formed in the space. When the hydraulic support 1 performs the operation of descending and moving the support, the scattered coal and rock powder at the support gap can blow the fine particles towards the spray-induced dust removal unit 4 under the action of the driving air current, enter the latter half of the dust removal device through the negative pressure area of the induction device, and use the high-pressure spray to remove the high-concentration dust, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating the dust at the gap of the hydraulic support 1.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technical solution, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of a fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support, characterized in that: It is arranged at the connection of the top beam (11) and the hydraulic cylinder (12) of the hydraulic support (1), and includes a hydraulic dust guiding unit (2), a dust curtain (3) and a spray-induced dust removal unit (4) arranged in sequence. There are two dust curtains (3), which are arranged side by side on both sides of the connection of the top beam (11) and the hydraulic cylinder (12), and an air flow channel is formed between the dust curtains (3); the spray-induced dust removal unit (4) is arranged on the shield beam (13) of the hydraulic support (1); the hydraulic dust guiding unit (2) and the spray-induced dust removal unit (4) are respectively connected to the hydraulic cylinder (12); The hydraulic dust guiding unit (2) includes an air flow generator (21) arranged towards the air flow channel, and a hydraulic motor (22) connected to the hydraulic cylinder (12) through a first high-pressure rubber hose. The hydraulic motor (22) is connected to an impeller (23) on the air flow generator (21); when the hydraulic support (1) lowers the prop and moves the support, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder (12) flows, driving the hydraulic motor (22) to rotate, and then driving the impeller (23) to rotate. The air flow generator (21) forms an air flow blowing towards the air flow channel; The spray-induced dust removal (4) includes a Venturi tube (41) communicated with the air flow channel, and a high-pressure spray head (42) is arranged in the Venturi tube (41); the air flow drives the dust to be blown into the Venturi tube (41) through the air flow channel, and the high-pressure spray head (42) sprays water for dust removal.

2. The seam dust removal device for the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A check valve is arranged in the first high-pressure rubber hose to make the hydraulic motor (22) rotate in one direction.

3. The dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure spray head (42) is connected to the water pipe on the hydraulic support (1) through a second high-pressure rubber hose.

4. The fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support top beam joint dust removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wafer ball valve is arranged on the second high-pressure rubber hose to control the opening of the high-pressure spray head (42).

5. The dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wafer ball valve is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (12) through a hydraulic drive unit. When the hydraulic support (1) lowers the prop and moves the support, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder (12) flows, driving the wafer ball valve to rotate to control the opening of the high-pressure spray head (42).

6. The seam dust removal device for the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reset unit is also arranged on the wafer ball valve. When the hydraulic support (1) stops operating, under the action of the reset unit, the wafer ball valve resets, thereby driving the high-pressure spray head (42) to close.

7. The dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust curtain (3) and the spray-induced dust removal unit (4) are both suspended on the hydraulic support (1).

8. The dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic motor (22) drives the impeller (23) to rotate to form an air volume of 25 to 35 m 3 / min.

9. The dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The effective ventilation cross-section formed by the dust-proof curtain (3) and the top beam (11) is 0.07 to 0.12 m 2 , forming an air current with a wind speed of 4 to 5 m / s.

10. The dust removal device for the seam of the top beam of the fully-mechanized mining face hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray pressure of the high-pressure spray head (42) is 4 MPa.

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