Heavy-load rigidity-adjustable low-frequency vibration isolator

Abstract

The invention provides a heavy-load rigidity-adjustable low-frequency vibration isolator, relates to the technical field of vibration reduction, and solves the technical problems of difficulty in effective vibration reduction and poorer vibration reduction effect of a vibration isolator structure. The vibration isolator comprises a top plate, a bottom plate and a vibration isolation unit fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate, the vibration isolation unit comprises an axial bearing rubber body, an inner core assembly and a base, the axial bearing rubber body is fixedly connected with the inner core assembly and located on the periphery of the inner core assembly, and the two ends of the axial bearing rubber body abut against the top plate and the base respectively; the axial bearing rubber body and the inner core assembly are arranged in the base plate, a receding distance exists between the axial bearing rubber body and the inner core assembly, the base is fixed in the base plate, a containing hole is formed in the base, when the axial bearing rubber body is stressed and deforms, the inner core assembly can stretch into the containing hole, and the inner core assembly is a combination of a rigid piece and an elastic buffering piece. According to the vibration isolator, the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic of the nonlinear relation between the structural force and deformation of the elastic body can be utilized, the high-static-state and low-dynamic-state stiffness mode of the vibration isolator is achieved, and the vibration reduction effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration damping, and particularly to a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator. Background Art

[0002] Heavy-duty vibration isolators are essential components in modern industry and scientific research. Through advanced designs and materials, they provide effective vibration isolation solutions for heavy equipment. However, traditional vibration isolators in the prior art have the following disadvantages: (1) The matching load weight range is relatively small; during the product finalization (specification / model) stage of traditional vibration isolators, the input matching load weight needs to be determined. When the load weight is adjusted, compared with the vibration isolation performance of the matching load, the vibration damping and isolation performance of the vibration isolator (including normal temperature resonance frequency, high temperature / low temperature performance, and shock resistance performance, etc.) will significantly decline, and even the vibration isolation performance will fail.

[0003] (2) It is not suitable for eccentric loads; when the centroid position of the equipment to be vibration-isolated deviates significantly from the installation center position of the vibration isolator, traditional vibration isolators cannot achieve effective vibration isolation through symmetric installation. Usually, it is necessary to replace some specifications and models of the vibration isolator to adapt to the eccentric load, which is not convenient for disassembly, installation, and maintenance during the equipment development and use stages.

[0004] The applicant of the present invention has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems: existing vibration isolators are difficult to effectively damp vibration, and the vibration damping effect is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the structure of the vibration isolator is difficult to effectively isolate vibration and the vibration damping effect is poor. The numerous technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator provided by the present invention includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and a vibration isolation unit fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate. The vibration isolation unit includes an axial load-bearing colloid, an inner core assembly, and a base, where: The axial load-bearing colloid is fixedly connected to the inner core assembly and is located outside the inner core assembly. Both ends of the axial load-bearing colloid are abutted against the top plate and the base respectively; There is a clearance between the axial load-bearing colloid and the inner core assembly. The base is fixed inside the bottom plate, and a receiving hole is formed on the base. When the axial load-bearing colloid is deformed by force, at least part of the inner core assembly can extend into the receiving hole. The inner core assembly is a combination of a rigid part and an elastic buffer part.

[0007] Preferably, the inner core component comprises an inner core and a limiting buffer colloid, wherein: The inner core is a rigid part, the position-limiting buffer colloid is wrapped around the lower part of the inner core, and the clearance distance is located between the axial load-bearing colloid and the position-limiting buffer colloid.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration isolation units are connected between the top plate and the bottom plate and are distributed in a matrix manner.

[0009] Preferably, the axial load-bearing colloid and the position-limiting buffer colloid are both cylindrical structures.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting hole is provided on the inner core, and a locking member passes through the top plate and extends into the connecting hole, thereby fixing the inner core and the top plate in connection.

[0011] Preferably, a countersunk hole is provided on the top plate, and the countersunk hole passes through the upper and lower ends of the top plate, and the end of the locking member is located in the countersunk hole.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting hole is provided on the bottom plate, the mounting hole passes through the upper and lower sides of the bottom plate, and the base is fixed in the mounting hole.

[0013] Preferably, the accommodating hole passes through the upper and lower sides of the base, so that the inner core component passes through the accommodating hole and contacts the equipment installation surface.

[0014] Preferably, the clearance distance is communicated with the accommodating hole.

[0015] Preferably, the base is a T-shaped structure, the vertical section of the T-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the axial load-bearing colloid, and the horizontal section of the T-shaped structure is used to contact the equipment installation surface.

[0016] The heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: when the heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator realizes static load bearing, it has the characteristics of large supporting stiffness and good structural stability. There is a clearance distance between the axial load-bearing colloid and the inner core component, which reserves space for the axial load-bearing colloid to be deformed by force, thereby buffering external forces; after the vibration isolation unit is loaded, the inner core component will extend into the accommodating hole. When the system is subjected to a lateral impact, the inner core component will be squeezed with the base to slow down the impact response and avoid excessive displacement of the structure; when the system is subjected to a vertical impact, the inner core component will be squeezed with the equipment installation surface to slow down the impact response and avoid excessive displacement of the structure, which can ensure that the system will not have excessive displacement changes and posture changes during operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the system. The vibration isolator can utilize the quasi-zero stiffness characteristics of the nonlinear relationship between the force-deformation of the elastic body structure to achieve a high static and low dynamic stiffness mode of the vibration isolator and improve the vibration reduction effect. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic external structure diagram of a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator; Figure 2 is an exploded structure diagram of a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator; Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structure diagram of a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator; Figure 4 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator; Figure 5 is a schematic structure diagram of the vibration isolation unit when not loaded; Figure 6 is a schematic structure diagram of the vibration isolation unit when loaded.

[0019] In the figure, 100 is the vibration isolation unit; 1 is the axial bearing colloid; 2 is the inner core assembly; 21 is the limit buffer colloid; 22 is the inner core; 221 is the connection hole; 3 is the base; 31 is the accommodation hole; 4 is the top plate; 41 is the countersunk hole; 5 is the bottom plate; 6 is the locking member; 7 is the clearance distance. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "length", "width", "height", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0022] An embodiment of the present invention provides a heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator, which can utilize the extremely low stiffness characteristics of the structure before the critical load and critical deformation to achieve the high static and low dynamic characteristics of the vibration isolator.

[0023] The following will Figures 1-6 elaborate on the technical solution provided by the present invention in more detail.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1-6 , the heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator provided by the present invention includes a top plate 4, a bottom plate 5, and a vibration isolation unit 100 fixed between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5. The vibration isolation unit 100 includes an axial load-bearing colloid 1, an inner core assembly 2, and a base 3, wherein: the axial load-bearing colloid 1 is fixedly connected to the inner core assembly 2 and is located outside the inner core assembly 2. The two ends of the axial load-bearing colloid 1 are respectively abutted against the top plate 4 and the base 3; there is a clearance distance 7 between the axial load-bearing colloid 1 and the inner core assembly 2. The base 3 is fixed in the bottom plate 5, and a receiving hole 31 is formed on the base 3. When the axial load-bearing colloid 1 is deformed by force, at least part of the inner core assembly 2 can extend into the receiving hole 31, and the inner core assembly 2 is a combination of a rigid member and an elastic buffer member.

[0025] When the heavy-duty adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator realizes static load bearing, it has the characteristics of large support stiffness and good structural stability. There is a clearance distance 7 between the axial load-bearing colloid 1 and the inner core assembly, which reserves space for the axial load-bearing colloid 1 to deform under force, thereby buffering external forces; after the vibration isolation unit 100 bears the load, the inner core assembly will extend into the receiving hole 31. When the system is subjected to a lateral impact, the inner core assembly will be squeezed against the base 3 to slow down the impact response and prevent the structure from undergoing excessive displacement; when the system is subjected to a vertical impact, the inner core assembly will be squeezed against the equipment installation surface to slow down the impact response and prevent the structure from undergoing excessive displacement, which can ensure that the system will not undergo excessive displacement changes and attitude changes during operation, thereby ensuring system stability. This vibration isolator can utilize the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic of the non-linear relationship between the force and deformation of the elastomer structure to achieve the high static and low dynamic stiffness mode of the vibration isolator and improve the vibration reduction effect.

[0026] As an optional implementation manner, as shown in Figures 3-5 , the inner core assembly of this embodiment includes an inner core 22 and a limit buffer colloid 21, wherein: the inner core 22 is a rigid member, the limit buffer colloid 21 is wrapped around the lower part of the inner core 22, and the clearance distance 7 is located between the axial load-bearing colloid 1 and the limit buffer colloid 21. As shown in Figures 3-5 , both the axial load-bearing colloid 1 and the limit buffer colloid 21 are in a cylindrical structure.

[0027] As shown in Figures 3-4As shown, each vibration isolation unit 100 includes a base 3, an inner core 22, an axial load-bearing colloid 1, and a position-limiting buffer colloid 21. The base 3 and the inner core 22 are made of metal materials, the axial load-bearing colloid 1 and the position-limiting buffer colloid 21 are both made of rubber materials, and the base 3 and the inner core 22 are integrally formed with the colloid by rubber vulcanization to ensure the reliability of the connection between the metal parts and the rubber body.

[0028] The axial bearing colloid 1 of the vibration isolation unit 100 adopts a cylindrical structure. When the structure is subjected to a static load, the deformation of the colloid structure is axial compression deformation. The compression modulus of the rubber itself is relatively high, so that the axial bearing colloid 1 has the characteristics of large support stiffness and good structural stability when working in a compression deformation state. At the same time, when the axial load of the cylindrical structure exceeds the critical axial load, the structure changes from a stable state to an unstable state, and the deformation of the axial bearing colloid 1 gradually changes from compression deformation to bending deformation of the wall surface, and the support stiffness of the axial bearing colloid 1 will gradually decrease; when the load continues to increase, the structure will enter an unstable state, at which time the support stiffness of the axial bearing colloid 1 will also change from positive stiffness to quasi-zero stiffness, or even to negative stiffness; because the colloid material is a hyperelastic rubber material, when the structure enters an unstable state, the rubber will not take effect; and when the load increases again, the axial bearing colloid 1 is transformed from wall bending deformation to compression deformation again, and the colloid support stiffness is also transformed from negative stiffness to positive stiffness again.

[0029] The variable stiffness design of the vibration isolator achieves the characteristics of large support stiffness and good structural stability when static load is applied. At the same time, when the axial load of the structure exceeds the critical axial load, the structure changes from a stable state to an unstable state, the structural deformation form changes, and the support stiffness of the structure gradually decreases; the extremely low stiffness characteristics of the structure before the critical load and critical deformation are used to achieve the high static and low dynamic characteristics of the vibration isolator.

[0030] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vibration isolation units 100 are connected between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5 and are distributed in a matrix.

[0031] The above structure can evenly reduce vibration between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 5. Even if the vibrating object is placed at a position off-center of the top plate 4, it can still effectively reduce vibration, which is convenient for installation.

[0032] The overall structure of the vibration isolator adopts a matrix layout. Figure 1The figure shows a vibration isolator equipped with 16 vibration isolation units, which are arranged in a 4×4 matrix as a whole, but are not limited to this number and array. Each vibration isolation unit 100 is connected to the top plate 4 by screws (locking parts), and is coaxially matched with the bottom plate 5, and the matching tolerance is controlled to a transition matching state. Considering that the vibration isolator is mostly installed in a compression manner, the vibration isolation unit and the bottom plate 5 are assembled together using a transition configuration, which will not affect the normal operation of the vibration isolator or the vibration isolation effect; at the same time, the use of a transition matching is conducive to the disassembly and assembly of the vibration isolation unit in the later stage.

[0033] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 3 As shown, the inner core 22 is provided with a connection hole 221, and the locking member 6 passes through the top plate 4 and extends into the connection hole 221, thereby fixing the inner core 22 and the top plate 4. The top plate 4 is provided with a countersunk hole 41, which passes through the upper and lower ends of the top plate 4, and the end of the locking member 6 is located in the countersunk hole 41.

[0034] Specifically, the connecting hole 221 can be an internal threaded hole, and the locking member 6 can be a screw, a bolt, etc. The locking member 6 detachably fixes the top plate 4 and the inner core assembly. The end of the locking member 6 is located in the countersunk hole 41 and does not protrude from the surface of the top plate 4 to prevent affecting the connection between the top plate 4 and the vibrating object.

[0035] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 3 As shown, the bottom plate 5 is provided with a mounting hole, which passes through the upper and lower sides of the bottom plate 5, and the base 3 is fixed in the mounting hole. The receiving hole 31 passes through the upper and lower sides of the base 3, so that the inner core component passes through the receiving hole 31 and contacts the device mounting surface.

[0036] With such arrangement, when the system is impacted, the colloid at the bottom of the inner core 22 will extend into the receiving hole 31 and can be squeezed with the equipment installation surface (the equipment installation surface is located at the bottom of the bottom plate 5) to mitigate the impact response and avoid excessive displacement of the structure, thereby ensuring the structural rigidity and support performance.

[0037] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the clearance gap 7 is connected to the receiving hole 31 .

[0038] The clearance distance 7 can reserve space for the deformation of the axial load-bearing colloid 1, and the receiving hole 31 is convenient for the inner core component to extend therein.

[0039] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the base 3 is a T-shaped structure, the vertical section of the T-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the axial bearing colloid 1, and the horizontal section of the T-shaped structure is used to contact the equipment installation surface, so as to increase the contact area between the base 3 and the equipment installation surface and improve the stability of the structure.

[0040] The principle of this overload adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator is as follows: Refer to Figure 6 As shown, after the vibration isolation unit 100 bears the load, the axially bearing colloid 1 deforms, and the cylinder wall bulges, as Figure 5 shown, the support stiffness decreases. The typical load-displacement curve of the cylindrical colloid structure is as Figure 5 shown. By utilizing the stiffness transition characteristics of the cylindrical colloid structure, the critical load Fcr and the critical load displacement Scr of the structure are reasonably designed to ensure that the ratio of the rated load displacement to the critical load displacement is between 0.8 and 0.9. In this interval, the stiffness of the colloid structure decreases significantly compared with the initial compression stiffness, enabling the vibration isolator composed of the vibration isolation unit 100 to have a relatively high static stiffness while achieving a low dynamic stiffness after rated load bearing, thus meeting the technical requirement of adjustable stiffness of the vibration isolator.

[0041] After the vibration isolation unit 100 bears the load, part of the inner core assembly will extend into the hole of the base 3. When the system is subjected to a lateral impact, the limit buffer colloid 21 will be squeezed by the base 3 to slow down the impact response and prevent the structure from undergoing excessive displacement; when the system is subjected to a vertical impact, the bottom colloid of the inner core 22 (the bottom part of the limit buffer colloid 21) will be squeezed by the equipment installation surface to slow down the impact response and prevent the structure from undergoing excessive displacement; through the structural limit protection design, it can be ensured that the system will not undergo excessive displacement changes and attitude changes during operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the system.

[0042] For the typical static stiffness-displacement curves of the cylindrical colloid structures of the axially bearing colloid 1 and the limit buffer colloid 21, the axial static stiffness gradually decreases with the increase of displacement. At the critical load displacement point, the axial static stiffness is zero; as the displacement increases, another relatively low critical load and critical load displacement will appear. Usually, the second critical load is less than the first critical load. The stiffness of the colloid in the region between the two critical load displacement points is negative. In special cases, appropriate positive stiffness compensation can be carried out to make the stiffness value in this region almost zero. At this time, this interval is the structural quasi-zero stiffness interval, and the extremely low-frequency characteristics of the system can be achieved by using the quasi-zero stiffness interval.

[0043] In summary, a matrix-type vibration isolator is formed by using the vibration isolation unit 100 with variable stiffness characteristics to achieve the technical characteristic of adjustable stiffness of the vibration isolator. In the interval where the ratio of the rated load displacement to the critical load displacement is between 0.8 and 0.9, the static stiffness of the vibration isolation unit 100 is 1 / 4 of the initial stiffness. Similarly, the dynamic stiffness of the vibration isolation unit 100 also decreases to 1 / 4 of the initial dynamic stiffness, which indicates that the natural frequency of the vibration isolator can be changed from 8 Hz to 4 Hz or even lower natural frequencies; at the same time, an over-displacement protection design is adopted to prevent the vibration isolator from generating excessive deformation during operation at extremely low natural frequencies and affecting the attitude stability of the equipment to be vibration-isolated.

[0044] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0045] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0046] As described above, the above are only the specific implementation manners of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An overload adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator, characterized in that, It includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and a vibration isolation unit fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate. The vibration isolation unit includes an axially bearing colloid, an inner core assembly, and a base, where: The axially bearing colloid is fixedly connected to the inner core assembly and is located outside the inner core assembly. Two ends of the axially bearing colloid respectively abut against the top plate and the base. There is a clearance space between the axially bearing colloid and the inner core assembly. The base is fixed inside the bottom plate, and a receiving hole is formed on the base. When the axially bearing colloid is deformed by force, the inner core assembly can extend into the receiving hole. The inner core assembly is a combination of a rigid part and an elastic buffer part.

2. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner core assembly includes an inner core and a limiting buffer colloid, where: The inner core is a rigid part, the limiting buffer colloid wraps around the lower part of the inner core, and the clearance space is located between the axially bearing colloid and the limiting buffer colloid.

3. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein The vibration isolation units are connected between the top plate and the bottom plate and are distributed in a matrix.

4. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 2, wherein Both the axially bearing colloid and the limiting buffer colloid are in a cylindrical structure.

5. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 2, wherein A connection hole is provided on the inner core, and a locking part passes through the top plate and extends into the connection hole to fixedly connect the inner core and the top plate.

6. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A countersunk hole is provided on the top plate, and the countersunk hole penetrates through the upper and lower ends of the top plate. The end of the locking part is located in the countersunk hole.

7. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation hole is provided on the bottom plate, and the installation hole penetrates through the upper and lower sides of the bottom plate. The base is fixed in the installation hole.

8. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that The receiving hole penetrates through the upper and lower sides of the base, so that the inner core assembly passes through the receiving hole and contacts the equipment installation surface.

9. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The clearance space communicates with the receiving hole.

10. The heavy-load adjustable stiffness low-frequency vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is in a T-shaped structure. The vertical section of the T-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the axially bearing colloid, and the horizontal section of the T-shaped structure is used to contact the equipment installation surface.

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