Method and system for controlling hydrogen absorption and hydrogen desorption of solid hydrogen storage system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydrogen refueling stations, in particular to a hydrogen absorption and desorption control method and system for a solid hydrogen storage system. The method comprises the steps that the current temperature and the current pressure of the solid hydrogen storage system are collected in real time; inputting the current temperature, the current pressure and the temperature and the pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen desorption efficiency into a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controller to output a control signal so as to control the current hydrogen absorption / hydrogen desorption process; the temperature and the pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are obtained by performing multi-target optimization on the target fitting curve. According to the scheme, the coupling reaction of temperature and pressure can be comprehensively considered, and the accuracy of hydrogen absorption / hydrogen desorption control is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen refueling stations. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and system for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage is a hydrogen storage technology that uses solid materials to adsorb and release hydrogen. It mainly relies on materials such as hydrogen-absorbing alloys, metal hydrides, chemical hydrides, or hydrogenated carbons. These materials can adsorb hydrogen under certain conditions and release it when needed. It has many advantages such as high volumetric hydrogen storage capacity, no need for high-pressure and heat-insulating containers, good safety, no explosion risk, can obtain high-purity hydrogen, improve the added value of hydrogen, and convenient storage and transportation.

[0003] Solid-state hydrogen storage materials can rapidly absorb hydrogen at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and react to form hydrides, storing hydrogen in the form of metal oxides. When needed, appropriate heating or pressure reduction is used to release the stored hydrogen for use. However, metal hydrides are easily affected by temperature and pressure changes during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0004] In related technologies, such as a Chinese patent document with the authorization announcement number CN114955987B, which discloses a method for self-determining the highest-efficiency hydrogen absorption and desorption control of a solid-state hydrogen storage system. This document collects the pressure values / temperatures and corresponding hydrogen absorption / desorption rates during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; according to the collected pressure values / temperatures and hydrogen absorption / desorption rates during hydrogen absorption / desorption, fits the pressure value / temperature value - hydrogen absorption / desorption rate curve; analyzes the pressure value / temperature value - hydrogen absorption / desorption rate curve, and controls the solid-state hydrogen storage system to complete the highest-efficiency hydrogen absorption / desorption, enabling the system to automatically judge and adjust parameters to keep the hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency at the highest level.

[0005] However, in the above technical solution, hydrogen absorption is regulated by pressure data and hydrogen desorption is regulated by temperature data, ignoring the coupled reaction between temperature and pressure (the coupled reaction specifically refers to the mutual influence between temperature and pressure, such as heating promotes hydrogen desorption but causes the pressure to become excessively large), resulting in a large deviation in the curve fitted by single-characteristic fitting, and thus the selected optimal temperature and optimal pressure have poor hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency during the actual hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0006] Therefore, the prior art ignores the disadvantage of a large deviation in the curve fitted by single-characteristic fitting due to the coupled reaction between temperature and pressure, resulting in the problem of inaccurate hydrogen absorption / desorption control. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a system for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the coupled reaction of temperature and pressure is ignored, resulting in inaccurate control of hydrogen absorption / desorption. Therefore, the present invention provides solutions in the following two aspects.

[0008] In the first aspect, a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system provided by the present invention includes: Real-time collecting the current temperature and the current pressure during the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process; Obtaining the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency; Inputting the current temperature, the current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency into a PID controller to output a control signal for controlling the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process; the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are obtained through multi-objective optimization of a target fitting curve; Wherein, the target fitting curve is: obtaining the pressure data, the temperature data, and the target rate sequence during the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; and fitting the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve; the historical target process is a hydrogen absorption process or a hydrogen desorption process; Fusing the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process by using a first weight and a second weight to obtain a target fitting curve; the first weight and the second weight are respectively the values after normalization of a first similarity and a second similarity; the first similarity represents the similarity degree between the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence, and the second similarity represents the similarity degree between the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence.

[0009] In the above solution, by considering the influence of temperature and pressure on the target rate during the historical target process, the importance of temperature and pressure on the target rate is determined. Furthermore, based on the respective importance of temperature and pressure, the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve obtained during the historical target process are fused to obtain a target fitting curve, which can obtain a target fitting curve that more conforms to the historical target process. Furthermore, the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency can be obtained, providing accurate data support for the subsequent real-time temperature and pressure control of the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0010] Optionally, when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen absorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen absorption rate sequence, and when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen desorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen desorption rate sequence.

[0011] Optionally, the step of fusing the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process by using a first weight and a second weight to obtain a target fitting curve includes: Weight the target rates at the same sampling moment of the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve using the first weight and the second weight to obtain the weighted target rates, and then obtain all the weighted target rates. Based on the pressure, temperature, and the weighted target rates corresponding to all sampling moments, form a target fitting curve; the sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.

[0012] The above solution comprehensively considers the influence of temperature and pressure on the target rate in the historical target process, thereby obtaining a comprehensive curve in two dimensions.

[0013] Optionally, the first similarity is the mean of the first similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths; The first similarity is: ; n represents the number of windows after dividing the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process for the nth type of window, represents the length of the nth type of window, represents the jth element of the target rate segment and the difference between the jth element of the pressure segment during the mth sliding, represents the jth element of the target rate segment and the difference between the slopes of the jth element of the pressure segment during the mth sliding, exp( ) is the exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the (j + 1)th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval. represents the jth element of the target rate segment and the difference between the slopes of the jth element of the pressure segment during the mth sliding, exp( ) is the exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the (j + 1)th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

[0014] In the above solution, by dividing the pressure data and the target rate sequence in the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system into windows of different lengths, and according to the similarity of the change trends of the target rate and the pressure within different windows, the importance of pressure to the target rate is determined.

[0015] Optionally, the second similarity is the mean of the second similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths; The second similarity is: ; n represents the number of windows after dividing the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process for the nth type of window, represents the length of the nth type of window, represents the jth element of the target rate segment and the difference between the jth element of the temperature segment during the mth sliding, represents the jth element of the target rate segment and the difference between the jth element of the temperature segment during the mth sliding, represents the The difference between the j-th element of the target rate segment and the slope of the j-th element of the temperature segment during the second sliding, where exp( ) is the exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the (j + 1)-th element and the j-th element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

[0016] In the above solution, by dividing the temperature data and the target rate sequence in the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system with different window lengths, and according to the similarity of the change trends of the target rate and temperature within different windows, the importance of temperature to the target rate is determined.

[0017] Optionally, the standardization is one of the Z-score standardization, the maximum-minimum standardization, and the range standardization method.

[0018] The above solution can simplify the calculation and eliminate the influence of dimensions by using standardization processing.

[0019] Optionally, the multi-objective optimization of the target fitting curve is implemented using the Pareto front algorithm.

[0020] Optionally, when the fitted pressure-target rate curve is the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve, the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve has the expression: ; where is the t-th pressure, are the fitted parameters, and e is the natural constant.

[0021] Optionally, the control of the current hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process includes: Calculating the temperature difference and the pressure difference according to the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency and the current temperature and the current pressure, inputting the two differences into the PID controller, outputting a control signal, and controlling the corresponding valve.

[0022] In the second aspect, a hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release control system for a solid-state hydrogen storage system includes: A processor; A memory that stores computer instructions for controlling hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. When the computer instructions are run by the processor, the system executes the above-mentioned hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release control method for the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Compared with the prior art where only the hydrogen absorption is regulated by pressure data and the hydrogen desorption process is regulated by temperature data, resulting in a large deviation in the actual hydrogen absorption / desorption rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage system and damage to the hydrogen storage material, the solution of the present invention can obtain accurate corresponding parameters of the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency through the double-characteristic fitting curve of temperature, pressure and hydrogen absorption / desorption rate, so as to perform real-time hydrogen absorption / desorption control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematically shows a flowchart of the steps of a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system in this embodiment; Figure 2 Schematically shows a structural block diagram of a hydrogen absorption and desorption control system of a solid-state hydrogen storage system in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step S1, collect the current temperature and current pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage system in real time. Specifically, a thermocouple sensor and a piezoresistive sensor arranged inside the solid-state hydrogen storage system are used to collect the current temperature and current pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the target process.

[0027] Among them, the target process can be a hydrogen absorption process or a hydrogen desorption process. When the target process is a hydrogen absorption process, the current temperature and current pressure during the hydrogen absorption process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system are collected. Then the subsequent control corresponds to the current temperature and current pressure during the hydrogen absorption process.

[0028] Step S2, obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, considering that the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage system is sensitive to temperature and pressure changes to different degrees during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process, and there is a strong coupling relationship between temperature and pressure. For example, if the temperature rises during the hydrogen absorption process and heat dissipation is not timely, the equilibrium pressure in the system will increase, resulting in a decrease in the hydrogen absorption rate; during the hydrogen desorption process, excessive heating causes the equilibrium pressure in the system to increase, and the hydrogen desorption rate increases, resulting in inactivation of the hydrogen storage material. Therefore, during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process, by comprehensively considering the coupling relationship between temperature and pressure, the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are obtained.

[0030] Among them, the process of obtaining the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency includes steps S21-S24, specifically: Step S21: Obtain the pressure data, temperature data, and target rate sequence during the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; and fit the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature, pressure, and target rate at different acquisition times during the historical target process are obtained from the historical record data, and then the temperature data, pressure data, and target rate sequence corresponding to the historical target process are obtained.

[0032] It should be noted that the temperature during the historical target process is the data of the solid-state hydrogen storage system at the historical moment collected by using a thermocouple sensor; the pressure during the historical target process is the data of the solid-state hydrogen storage system at the historical moment collected by using a piezoresistive sensor.

[0033] Among them, the target rate is calculated by the static volumetric method, dynamic adsorption method, or gravimetric method. The target rate is the weight increase (hydrogen absorption) or decrease (hydrogen release) per unit time in the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0034] The historical target process in this embodiment is a historical hydrogen absorption process or a historical hydrogen release process; when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen absorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen absorption rate sequence, and when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen release process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen release rate sequence.

[0035] When the historical target process is a historical hydrogen absorption process, the fitted pressure-target rate curve is a pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve. At this time, the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve The expression is: ; Among them, is the t-th pressure, is the fitted parameter, and e is the natural constant.

[0036] The fitted temperature-target rate curve is a temperature-hydrogen absorption rate curve. At this time, the temperature-hydrogen absorption rate curve The expression is: ; Among them, is the t-th pressure, is the fitted parameter, and e is the natural constant.

[0037] In the above, t is the serial number of the temperature and pressure in the collected historical hydrogen absorption process, and this serial number corresponds one-to-one with the sampling moment. The time period between two adjacent acquisition moments is the sampling time interval.

[0038] When the historical target process is a historical hydrogen release process, a fitted pressure-hydrogen release rate curve and a temperature-hydrogen release rate curve can be obtained. The fitting method is the same as that of the above historical hydrogen absorption process and will not be elaborated here.

[0039] Step S22: Calculate the first similarity between the pressure data and the target rate sequence and the second similarity between the temperature data and the target rate sequence in the historical target process.

[0040] Before calculating the first similarity and the second similarity, it is also necessary to perform standardization processing on the pressure data, temperature data, and target rate sequence in the historical target process.

[0041] The methods of standardization processing include Z-score standardization, maximum-minimum standardization, or range standardization method.

[0042] In one embodiment, the first similarity can be the DTW distance between the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence; the second similarity can be the DTW distance between the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence.

[0043] The DTW distance is obtained by using the DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) algorithm.

[0044] In another embodiment, the process of obtaining the first similarity is as follows: First, preset multiple windows with different lengths. Specifically, multiple windows with different lengths can be set, where the upper limit of the length is the length of the collected pressure data or temperature data, and the lower limit is greater than 1.

[0045] Second, slide the target rate sequence, pressure data, and temperature data in the historical target process respectively according to the set step size and using any one of the windows to obtain the division result of any one of the windows; the division result includes the pressure segments and target rate segments during multiple slides.

[0046] In this embodiment, by setting windows with different lengths to segment the target rate sequence, pressure data, and temperature data, the target rate segments, pressure segments, and temperature segments under different sliding times can be obtained.

[0047] It should be noted that in this embodiment, by setting multiple windows with different lengths, the division results of the target rate sequence, pressure data, and temperature data under each window can be obtained. That is, the division results under all lengths of the windows can be obtained. Exemplarily, when there are 10 multiple windows with different lengths, 10 groups of division results can be obtained.

[0048] The above-mentioned set step size can be determined according to the actual situation. For windows of different lengths, the values of the set step size during sliding window can be the same or different. The value range of the set step size is [1, L], where L is the length of the window during sliding window.

[0049] Then, calculate the first similarity of the partitioning results under any kind of window, and take the mean value of the first similarities corresponding to all windows of different lengths as the first similarity degree.

[0050] Among them, the first similarity is: ; n represents the number of windows after partitioning the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process for the th kind of window respectively, represents the length of the th kind of window, represents the difference between the j-th element of the target rate segment and the j-th element of the pressure segment at the th sliding, represents the difference between the slope of the j-th element of the target rate segment and the slope of the j-th element of the pressure segment at the th sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the (j + 1)-th element and the j-th element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

[0051] The above-mentioned difference in slopes is the difference between the ratios of the differences between the (j + 1)-th element and the j-th element in the corresponding pressure segment and the target rate segment to the sampling time interval. The sampling time interval is the interval between the sampling times corresponding to the (j + 1)-th element and the j-th element.

[0052] The second similarity degree is the mean value of the second similarities corresponding to multiple windows of different lengths. Among them, the second similarity is: ; n represents the number of windows after partitioning the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process for the th kind of window respectively, represents the length of the th kind of window, represents the difference between the j-th element of the target rate segment and the j-th element of the temperature segment at the th sliding, represents the difference between the slope of the j-th element of the target rate segment and the slope of the j-th element of the temperature segment at the th sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function.

[0053] In this embodiment, by the similarity of the target rate and the change trends of pressure and temperature in different windows, the sensitivity of the solid-state hydrogen storage system to pressure and temperature during the historical target process is calculated. The greater the sensitivity, the greater the influence of the target rate by this characteristic.

[0054] Step S23: Normalize the first similarity and the second similarity to obtain a first weight and a second weight, and use the first weight and the second weight to fuse the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve in the historical target process to obtain a target fitting curve.

[0055] Since the performance of the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage system changes over time and the sensor samples at intervals, the hydrogen absorption rate collected during the hydrogen absorption process cannot cover all possible values, resulting in the phenomenon that the directly selected temperature and pressure corresponding to the maximum historical hydrogen absorption rate in the prior art may not be the optimal hydrogen absorption rate. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressure data, temperature data and the target rate sequence in the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system are respectively fitted to obtain a pressure-target rate curve and a temperature-target rate curve, and the two curves are fused through the first weight and the second weight to obtain a target fitting curve.

[0056] Specifically, use the first weight and the second weight to weight the target rates at the same sampling moment of the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve to obtain the weighted target rates, and then obtain all the weighted target rates. Based on the pressure, temperature and the weighted target rates corresponding to all sampling moments, a target fitting curve is formed.

[0057] When the historical target process is the historical hydrogen absorption process, the target fitting curve is the hydrogen absorption fitting curve, specifically: ; Among them, is the hydrogen absorption fitting curve of the historical hydrogen absorption process, represents the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve of the historical hydrogen absorption process, represents the fitted temperature-hydrogen absorption rate curve of the historical hydrogen absorption process, is the first weight, is the second weight, and the sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.

[0058] Specifically, the first weight is: ; The second weight is: ; Among them, represents the first similarity between the hydrogen absorption rate sequence and the pressure data during the historical hydrogen absorption process, represents the second similarity between the hydrogen absorption rate sequence and the temperature data during the historical hydrogen absorption process.

[0059] Further, considering the problem that there may be hydrogen release during the hydrogen absorption process, the target fitting curve in this embodiment can also be: the hydrogen absorption fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process minus the hydrogen release fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process to obtain the final hydrogen absorption fitting curve. It should be noted that the acquisition process of the hydrogen release fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process is the same as that of the hydrogen absorption fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process, except that the hydrogen release fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process considers the hydrogen release rate in the hydrogen release phenomenon.

[0060] Step S24, taking the temperature and pressure limit ranges of the solid-state hydrogen storage system as constraint conditions, perform multi-objective optimization on the target fitting curve to obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency.

[0061] Taking the hydrogen absorption process as an example, use the Pareto front to obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the maximum hydrogen absorption efficiency within the temperature and pressure limit ranges of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. Specifically, set the temperature and pressure limit (constraint) ranges according to the material characteristics of the solid-state hydrogen storage system, generate candidate points of temperature-pressure combinations within the limit ranges through grid search (Monte Carlo sampling), substitute each candidate point into the target fitting curve, calculate the hydrogen absorption efficiency. When the hydrogen absorption efficiency of a candidate point A is greater than that of another candidate point B, point A dominates point B. Repeat and iterate this process to obtain a candidate point that is not dominated by other points as the temperature and pressure corresponding to the maximum hydrogen absorption efficiency.

[0062] Step S3, input the current temperature, current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency into the PID controller to output a control signal to control the current hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process.

[0063] Specifically, calculate the temperature difference and pressure difference based on the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency and the current temperature and current pressure, input the two differences into the PID controller, output a control signal, and control the corresponding valves.

[0064] Among them, the fuzzy rules for PID control are set by the implementers and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] The solution of the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of temperature and pressure on the hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency during the hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process, can avoid the problem of large deviation in the actual hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage system and damage to the hydrogen storage material caused by only regulating the hydrogen absorption through pressure data and regulating the hydrogen release process through temperature data in the prior art, and improves the accuracy of temperature and pressure control during the hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process.

[0066] The present invention also provides a hydrogen absorption and hydrogen release control system for a solid-state hydrogen storage system. As Figure 2As shown, the system includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer program instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to the above of the present invention.

[0067] The system further includes a communication bus, a communication interface, and other components well-known to those skilled in the art. Their settings and functions are known in the art, so they will not be described herein again.

[0068] In the present invention, the aforementioned memory can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and this program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device, or component. For example, a computer-readable storage medium can be any suitable magnetic storage medium or magneto-optical storage medium, such as resistive random access memory (RRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), enhanced dynamic random access memory (EDRAM), high-bandwidth memory (HBM), hybrid memory cube (HMC), etc., or any other medium that can be used to store the required information and can be accessed by an application, module, or both. Any such computer storage medium can be part of the device or accessible or connectable to the device. Any application or module described in the present invention can be implemented by computer-readable / executable instructions stored or otherwise held by such a computer-readable medium.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, or more, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0070] Although this specification has shown and described multiple embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art will think of many changes, alterations, and alternative ways without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system, characterized in that, It includes: Real-time collect the current temperature and current pressure during the current hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process; Obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency; Input the current temperature, current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency into a PID controller to output a control signal for controlling the current hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process; the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency are obtained through multi-objective optimization of a target fitting curve; Among them, the target fitting curve is: Obtain the pressure data, temperature data, and target rate sequence during the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; and fit the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve; the historical target process is a hydrogen absorption process or a hydrogen release process; Use the first weight and the second weight to fuse the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process to obtain a target fitting curve; the first weight and the second weight are respectively the values after normalizing the first similarity and the second similarity; the first similarity represents the similarity between the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence, and the second similarity represents the similarity between the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence.

2. The hydrogen absorption and desorption control method of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein, When the historical target process is a historical hydrogen absorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen absorption rate sequence, and when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen release process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen release rate sequence.

3. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of using the first weight and the second weight to fuse the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process to obtain a target fitting curve includes: Use the first weight and the second weight to weight the target rates of the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve at the same sampling moment to obtain the weighted target rates, and then obtain all the weighted target rates. Based on the pressure, temperature, and weighted target rates corresponding to all sampling moments, a target fitting curve is formed; the sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.

4. The hydrogen absorption and desorption control method of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that The first similarity is the mean of the first similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths; The first similarity is: ; n represents the number of windows after dividing the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process for the -th type of window, represents the length of the -th type of window, represents the difference between the j-th element of the target rate segment and the j-th element of the pressure segment during the -th sliding, represents the difference between the slope of the j-th element of the target rate segment and the slope of the j-th element of the pressure segment during the -th sliding, exp( ) is the exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the (j + 1)-th element and the j-th element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

5. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second similarity is the mean of the second similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths; The second similarity is as follows: ; n represents the number of windows after dividing the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process for each type of window, represents the length of the type of window, represents the difference between the j-th element of the target rate segment and the j-th element of the temperature segment at the th sliding, represents the difference between the slope of the j-th element of the target rate segment and the slope of the j-th element of the temperature segment at the th sliding. exp( ) is the exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the (j + 1)-th element and the j-th element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

6. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The standardization is performed using one of the Z-score standardization, maximum-minimum standardization, and range standardization methods.

7. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-objective optimization of the target fitting curve is realized by using the Pareto front algorithm.

8. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that When the fitted pressure-target rate curve is a pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve, the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve has the following expression: ； Among them, is the t-th pressure, is the fitted parameter, and e is the natural constant.

9. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of controlling the current hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release process includes: Calculate the temperature difference and pressure difference according to the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / hydrogen release efficiency and the current temperature and current pressure, input the two differences into the PID controller, and output a control signal to control the corresponding valve.

10. A hydrogen absorption and desorption control system for a solid-state hydrogen storage system, characterized in that, It includes: A processor; A memory that stores computer instructions for controlling hydrogen absorption and release of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. When the computer instructions are run by the processor, the system executes a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and release of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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