Equivalent support model, ship pool test model and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an equivalent support model, a ship pool test model and a model test method. The equivalent support model comprises an equivalent support assembly and a three-component sensor; and a detection plate is arranged at the top of the three-component sensor. The equivalent supporting assembly comprises a core column body arranged above the detection plate, and the top face of the core column body is provided with an equivalent rubber block used for supporting a to-be-borne part. Two first horizontal component force parts are arranged on the two sides of the core column body, and equivalent rubber blocks are connected to the side walls, facing the core column body, of the first horizontal component force parts. Two second horizontal component force parts are arranged on the two sides of the core column body, and equivalent rubber blocks are connected to the side walls, facing the core column body, of the second horizontal component force parts. Vertical component force parts are also arranged above the detection plate and are positioned on the two sides of the core column body; the two vertical component force parts are respectively matched with the two second horizontal component force parts through equivalent rubber blocks; and the three-component sensor is used for detecting the stress of the equivalent rubber block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering, and particularly to an equivalent support model, a ship tank test model and a method. Background Art

[0002] As the development of offshore oil and gas moves towards deep waters, the floating production storage and offloading unit (FPSO) has become one of the core equipment for offshore oil and gas exploitation due to its integrated functions of production, storage and offloading. The upper module of the FPSO is installed on the main deck of the hull through a support structure, and its safety directly affects the safety and reliability of the overall operation of the ship. As a new type of support method, elastic support connects the upper module and the deck pier through a steel-rubber multi-layer composite rubber pad, which can not only release structural stress but also reduce vibration transmission, and has gradually become the preferred solution for engineering design. However, for the calculation of the coupled dynamic response of a moored FPSO with an elastically supported upper module, the existing numerical calculation methods are not yet perfect and need to be verified through tank model tests. The current model test technology faces several key problems: the scales of elastic support structures (such as rubber pads and limit structures) are much smaller than those of the hull and mooring system, and a unified scale ratio will lead to insufficient model processing accuracy or difficult layout. The existing technology mainly conducts model tests on FPSOs with a rigidly supported upper module, rigidly connecting the upper module and the hull, and only considering the coupling effect between the hull and the mooring system, which cannot meet the test requirements for the coupled dynamic response of the upper module-elastic support-hull-mooring system brought by elastic support. Specifically, the fixed support test model does not involve the equivalent design and force monitoring of the elastic support structure, resulting in the test results being unable to reflect the true mechanical behavior of the elastic support and making it difficult to verify the reliability of the numerical calculation model and the accuracy of the numerical calculation results.

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a tank model test device and method that can achieve precise production of the coupled model and accurate measurement of test data for key issues such as the reasonable selection of the scale ratio, equivalent design of elastic support, force monitoring and data processing in the tank model test of a moored FPSO with an elastically supported upper module. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, in view of the problem of difficult manufacturing of the above elastic support model, it is necessary to provide an equivalent support model, a ship tank test model and a model test method.

[0005] An equivalent support model includes: an equivalent support assembly and a three-component force sensor;

[0006] A detection plate is arranged on the top of the three-component force sensor;

[0007] The equivalent support assembly includes:

[0008] The core column is arranged above the detection plate, and the top surface is provided with an equivalent rubber block for supporting the load-bearing component;

[0009] Two first horizontal force component parts are provided on both sides of the core column, the tops of which are connected to the bearing member to be supported, and an equivalent rubber block is connected to the side wall of each first horizontal force component facing the core column;

[0010] Two second horizontal force component parts are provided on both sides of the core column, the tops of which are connected to the load-bearing member, and an equivalent rubber block is connected to the side wall of each second horizontal force component facing the core column;

[0011] The vertical force component is arranged above the detection plate and located on both sides of the core column; the two vertical force components are respectively matched with the two second horizontal force components through equivalent rubber blocks in the vertical direction;

[0012] The three-part force sensor is used to detect the force on the equivalent rubber block.

[0013] In one embodiment, the core column has a first virtual reference line and a second virtual reference line;

[0014] The first virtual reference line and the second virtual reference line are perpendicular to each other in the same horizontal plane;

[0015] The two first horizontal force component parts are located on the first virtual reference line, and the two second horizontal force component parts are located on the second virtual reference line.

[0016] In one embodiment, the two first horizontal force component parts are both configured as vertical steel plates, and the equivalent rubber block between the vertical steel plate and the side wall of the core column is configured as a first rubber block.

[0017] In one embodiment, the two second horizontal force components are both configured as L-shaped steel plates;

[0018] The L-shaped steel plate comprises a first straight plate and a second straight plate vertically connected to each other;

[0019] The equivalent rubber block between the side wall of the first straight plate and the side wall of the core column is set as a second rubber block;

[0020] The second straight plate is arranged toward a side away from the core column.

[0021] In one embodiment, the two vertical force components are both configured as U-shaped plates;

[0022] The U-shaped plate includes a third straight plate, a fourth straight plate and a fifth straight plate connected in sequence;

[0023] The fourth straight plate is arranged in the vertical direction;

[0024] The fifth straight plate is fixed above the detection plate;

[0025] The third straight plate and the fifth straight plate are arranged in the same direction on the fourth straight plate, and an opening is formed between the third straight plate and the fifth straight plate;

[0026] The second straight plate is located within the opening, and the third straight plate is located above the second straight plate;

[0027] The equivalent rubber block between the third straight plate and the second straight plate is set as the third rubber block.

[0028] In one embodiment, the equivalent rubber block on the top surface of the core cylinder is set as the fourth rubber block, and the fourth rubber block is used to support the component to be carried.

[0029] In one embodiment, a fixed support base is provided at the bottom of the three-component force sensor.

[0030] A ship tank test model includes the equivalent support model of any one of the above, and further includes: a hull model and an upper module model;

[0031] The component to be carried is replaced by the upper module model;

[0032] The hull model includes a hull deck, and mounting holes are formed on the hull deck. The opening area of the mounting holes is larger than the size of the detection plate, and there is a gap between the detection plate and the inner wall of the mounting holes;

[0033] The equivalent support assembly is located above the hull deck to support the upper module model; the three-component force sensor is located below the hull deck.

[0034] In one embodiment, several equivalent support models are provided below the upper module model;

[0035] Several mounting holes corresponding to the equivalent support models are arranged on the hull deck.

[0036] A ship tank model test method applicable to the ship tank test model of any one of the above includes:

[0037] Based on the full-scale ship dimensions, determine the scale ratio of the ship tank model test in combination with the tank conditions and test requirements;

[0038] Obtain the vertical compression stiffness value of the rubber pad in the upper module support structure of the full-scale ship, and then determine the corresponding compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block;

[0039] Set the dimensions of the hull model and the equivalent support model according to the scale ratio;

[0040] Control the compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block to correspond to the compression stiffness value of the rubber pad in the upper module support structure of the full-scale ship;

[0041] Place the upper module model on the equivalent support model and change the loading state of the hull model;

[0042] The three-component force sensor detects the force on the equivalent support model under each loading state.

[0043] The equivalent support model includes: an equivalent support component and a three-component force sensor; a detection plate is provided on the top of the three-component force sensor. The equivalent support component includes a core column body arranged above the detection plate, and an equivalent rubber block for supporting the component to be carried is provided on the top surface of the core column body. Two first horizontal force components are arranged on both sides of the core column body, and equivalent rubber blocks are connected to the side walls of the first horizontal force components facing the core column body. Two second horizontal force components are arranged on both sides of the core column body, and equivalent rubber blocks are connected to the side walls of the second horizontal force components facing the core column body. A vertical force component is also provided above the detection plate, and the vertical force component is located on both sides of the core column body; the two vertical force components and the two second horizontal force components form a cooperation through equivalent rubber blocks; the three-component force sensor is used to detect the force on the equivalent rubber block.

[0044] A ship tank test model has the above beneficial effects.

[0045] A model test method has the above beneficial effects. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic assembly diagram of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application in the ship tank test model.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a side view of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a side view of the other side of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 4 It is a top view of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 5 It is a front view of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0053] 1000, equivalent support component; 1010, core column body;

[0054] 1020. First horizontal component part;

[0055] 1030. Second horizontal component part; 1031. First straight plate; 1032. Second straight plate;

[0056] 1040. Vertical component part; 1041. Third straight plate; 1042. Fourth straight plate; 1043. Fifth straight plate;

[0057] 1051. First rubber block; 1052. Second rubber block; 1053. Third rubber block; 1054. Fourth rubber block;

[0058] 2000. Three - component force sensor; 2001. Detection plate;

[0059] 3000. Component to be carried; 4000. Hull deck. Detailed implementation mode

[0060] To make the above - mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation mode of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0062] In addition, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", these terms are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, if there is a term "plural", the meaning of "plural" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0063] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, if terms such as "installed", "connected", "joined", "fixed", etc. appear, these terms shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, if there is a description such as a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature, its meaning can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on top of" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath", and "underneath" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0065] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. If so, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right", and similar expressions used in this application are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0066] Refer to the appended Figure 1 - appended Figure 4 , Figure 1 is the assembly schematic diagram of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of this application in the ship tank test model, Figure 2 is the side view of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of this application, Figure 3 is the side view of the other side of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of this application, Figure 4 is the top view of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of this application ( Figure 4The to-be-supported component 3000 is hidden. The shown equivalent support model includes: an equivalent support assembly 1000 and a three-component force sensor 2000. The equivalent support assembly 1000 includes: a core column 1010, a first horizontal component force member 1020, a second horizontal component force member 1030, and a vertical component force member 1040. The core column 1010 is arranged above the detection plate 2001, and an equivalent rubber block for supporting the to-be-supported component 3000 is arranged on the top surface of the core column 1010;

[0067] There are two first horizontal component force members 1020 arranged on both sides of the core column 1010, and their tops are both connected to the to-be-supported component 3000. An equivalent rubber block is respectively connected to the side wall of each first horizontal component force member 1020 facing the core column 1010;

[0068] There are two second horizontal component force members 1030 arranged on both sides of the core column 1010, and their tops are both connected to the to-be-supported component 3000. An equivalent rubber block is respectively connected to the side wall of each second horizontal component force member 1030 facing the core column 1010.

[0069] The vertical component force member 1040 is arranged above the detection plate 2001 and on both sides of the core column 1010; the two vertical component force members 1040 and the two second horizontal component force members 1030 form a vertical cooperation through equivalent rubber blocks. The three-component force sensor 2000 is used to detect the force on the equivalent rubber block.

[0070] The first horizontal component force member 1020 and the second horizontal component force member 1030 are in contact with the core column 1010 through equivalent rubber blocks, which not only ensures the relative position relationship between the components, but also utilizes the elastic characteristics of the rubber blocks to buffer the horizontal acting forces to a certain extent and reduce the rigid impact between the components. At the same time, the tops of the first horizontal component force member 1020 and the second horizontal component force member 1030 are connected to the to-be-supported component 3000, and the horizontal forces are transmitted to the to-be-supported component 3000 to maintain its stability in the horizontal direction. The vertical component force member 1040 and the second horizontal component force member 1030 are vertically cooperated through equivalent rubber blocks. The equivalent rubber blocks play a role in buffering and force transmission, evenly dispersing the force borne by the vertical component force member 1040 to the second horizontal component force member 1030 and the entire support structure, improving the stability of the structure.

[0071] The force on the to-be-supported component 3000 is transmitted to the core column 1010 and the vertical component force member 1040 through the equivalent rubber blocks. The equivalent rubber blocks, as the main force buffering components, generate corresponding elastic deformations according to the forces in different directions, playing a buffering role in the contact and collision between the structures.

[0072] The three - component force sensor 2000 is used to detect the forces acting on the equivalent rubber block. When the component to be supported 3000 is subjected to forces in different directions, such as the shaking in the horizontal direction and the movement in the vertical direction, the forces are transmitted to the three - component force sensor 2000 through the detection plate 2001. The sensor can accurately measure the forces in each direction and output these data to monitor and analyze the force conditions of the support structure in real time.

[0073] By setting the equivalent support assembly 1000 and the three - component force sensor 2000, it is possible to simulate and measure the force conditions of the actual elastic support structure, providing an effective test method for studying the mechanical properties of elastic supports in ship tank model tests and helping to deeply understand the working characteristics of elastic supports.

[0074] When constructing the equivalent support model, overall assembly is carried out through the setting of equivalent rubber blocks. Among them, the equivalent rubber block is an elastic element based on rubber material, which is set between the force - bearing components of the equivalent support model. It absorbs and transmits forces through its own elastic deformation, equivalently simulates the mechanical behavior of the actual ship elastic support structure, and cooperates with the three - component force sensor 2000 to achieve accurate detection of the horizontal and vertical component forces. For example, the equivalent rubber block on the top surface of the core column 1010 of the equivalent support assembly 1000 is used to support the component to be supported 3000, and its elasticity is used to equivalently simulate the elasticity of the actual rubber pad to ensure that the actual elastic support effect can be simulated. The equivalent rubber blocks between the first horizontal component force member 1020, the second horizontal component force member 1030 and the core column 1010 respectively, and the equivalent rubber block between the vertical component force member 1040 and the second horizontal component force member are also equivalently set for the compression stiffness of the actual rubber pad in combination with the scale ratio relationship, effectively transmitting and buffering forces in the horizontal and vertical directions and simulating the force state of the actual elastic support structure. In the ship tank test model, the upper module is placed on the equivalent support model. The precise setting of the compression stiffness of the equivalent rubber block enables the entire model to accurately simulate the mechanical behavior of the elastic support during the actual operation of the FPSO, providing a reliable basis for the subsequent collection and analysis of test data.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, with the center of the core column 1010 as the origin, a two-dimensional coordinate system is constructed on this horizontal plane. The first virtual reference line and the second virtual reference line are equivalent to the two coordinate axes of this coordinate system, and they are perpendicular to each other. After determining these two virtual reference lines, the two first horizontal force components 1020 are arranged on the first virtual reference line, which means that the projection centers of these two first horizontal force components 1020 on the horizontal plane are located on the same straight line (i.e., the first virtual reference line). Similarly, the two second horizontal force components 1030 are located on the second virtual reference line, that is, their projection centers on the horizontal plane are on another straight line (the second virtual reference line) perpendicular to the first virtual reference line. In this way, the four horizontal force components are distributed on two perpendicular lines, forming a layout similar to a two-dimensional coordinate system.

[0076] By establishing these two virtual reference lines, it is like establishing a clear X-axis and Y-axis on the horizontal plane. When the component to be carried 3000 is subjected to a horizontal force, these forces can be decomposed along these two perpendicular axes. The three-force sensor 2000 can detect these component forces more specifically. Since the direction of the force is clear, the sensor can accurately measure the forces on the equivalent rubber blocks in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the two first horizontal force components 1020 are set as vertical steel plates, and these two vertical steel plates are arranged on both sides of the core column 1010 along the first virtual reference line. The vertical steel plates need to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane where the core column 1010 is located to ensure that they can effectively transfer and bear forces in the horizontal direction. The height, thickness, and material of the steel plates can be determined according to actual design requirements and load-bearing requirements.

[0078] A first rubber block 1051 is arranged between each vertical steel plate and the side wall of the core column 1010. The first rubber block 1051 is fixed to the vertical steel plate and contacts the side wall of the core column 1010, or a proper gap can also be left between the first rubber block 1051 and the side wall of the core column 1010 according to needs. The two first rubber blocks 1051 should be located on both sides of the core column 1010 and arranged along the first virtual reference line. When the component to be carried 3000 is subjected to a horizontal force, they can deform accordingly according to the magnitude of the force.

[0079] When the component 3000 to be carried is subjected to a force in the positive Y-axis direction, the component 3000 to be carried will move in the positive Y-axis direction. At this time, the first rubber block 1051 in the positive Y-axis direction will move in the positive Y-axis direction along with the vertical steel plate. At this time, a gap will be generated between the first rubber block 1051 in the positive Y-axis direction and the core column 1010 and it will not be subjected to force. Conversely, when the first rubber block 1051 in the negative Y-axis direction moves in the positive Y-axis direction along with the component 3000 to be carried through the vertical steel plate, it will come into contact with or collide with the core column 1010 and be squeezed, thus being subjected to the action of force. The forces on the two first rubber blocks 1051 are transmitted to the detection plate 2001 through the core column 1010. The magnitude and direction of the force on the detection plate 2001 are displayed through the readings of the three-component force sensor 2000. The positive readings of the three-component force sensor 2000 correspond to the force values of the negative first rubber block 1051, and the negative readings correspond to the force values of the positive first rubber block 1051. The positive and negative values of the readings of the three-component force sensor 2000 only represent the direction and do not represent the magnitude.

[0080] The force conditions of the two first rubber blocks 1051 in opposite directions can directly represent the positive and negative forces in the Y-axis direction. This setting enables the three-component force sensor 2000 to clearly determine whether the force received by the component 3000 in the Y-axis direction is positive or negative, providing an intuitive and clear basis for accurately analyzing the force state of the component 3000 in the horizontal direction.

[0081] Refer to Attachment Figure 5 and Attachment Figure 6 , Figure 5 which is the front view of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 which is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the equivalent support model provided by the embodiment of the present application ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 both hide the carrier 3000). As shown in some embodiments of the present application, the two second horizontal force components 1030 are set as L-shaped steel plates, and they are located within the second virtual reference line. The L-shaped steel plate is composed of a first straight plate 1031 and a second straight plate 1032 that are perpendicularly connected. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the positions of the two L-shaped steel plates are symmetrical, and the second straight plate 1032 faces away from the core column 1010, while the first straight plate 1031 is opposite to the side wall of the core column 1010. A second rubber block 1052 is provided between the side wall of the first straight plate 1031 of each L-shaped steel plate and the side wall of the core column 1010. The second rubber block 1052 is fixed on the first straight plate 1031 and comes into contact with the side wall of the core column 1010, or a proper gap can also be reserved between the second rubber block 1052 and the side wall of the core column 1010 as needed.

[0082] The top of the first straight plate 1031 is connected to the component to be carried 3000. The connection method can be welding, bolt connection, etc., to ensure a firm connection. When the component to be carried 3000 is subjected to a force in the X-axis direction, the two second rubber blocks 1052 will undergo corresponding force-induced deformation. Based on this, the three-component force sensor 2000 detects the force condition in the X-axis direction and determines the positive and negative forces in the X-axis direction according to the force direction. The principle of measuring force in the X-axis direction by the three-component force sensor 2000 is the same as that in the Y-axis direction. When the component to be carried 3000 is subjected to a positive force, it is the equivalent rubber block in the negative direction that is squeezed to generate a force, and when the equivalent rubber block in the negative direction is stressed, it exactly generates a positive force on the core cylinder 1010. When the positive force of the core cylinder 1010 acts on the measuring plate or the three-component force sensor 2000, it is also a positive force. Therefore, the positive force is shown in the reading of the three-component force sensor 2000, that is, the reading value is positive, and vice versa.

[0083] The three-component force sensor 2000 determines the force in the X-axis direction by detecting the forces on the two second rubber blocks 1052, and determines the force direction in the X-axis direction through positive and negative signs. This setting makes the measurement of the force in the X-axis direction more intuitive and accurate, and can clearly judge whether the force on the component to be carried 3000 in the X-axis direction is positive or negative, as well as the magnitude of the force.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, the two vertical component force members 1040 are set as U-shaped plates, and the U-shaped plate is composed of a third straight plate 1041, a fourth straight plate 1042, and a fifth straight plate 1043 connected in sequence. The fourth straight plate 1042 is placed vertically, and the fifth straight plate 1043 is fixed above the detection plate 2001. Welding, bolt connection, etc. can be used to ensure a firm connection. It is necessary to ensure that the third straight plate 1041 and the fifth straight plate 1043 are arranged in the same direction on the fourth straight plate 1042, forming an opening between them, and the opening direction is parallel to the first virtual reference line.

[0085] The second straight plate 1032 is located within the opening of the U-shaped plate, and the third straight plate 1041 is located above the second straight plate 1032. During the installation process, it is necessary to precisely adjust the positions of the U-shaped plate and the L-shaped steel plate to ensure that the second straight plate 1032 can be smoothly placed within the opening.

[0086] A third rubber block 1053 is arranged between the third straight plate 1041 and the second straight plate 1032. The third rubber block 1053 is fixed on the second straight plate 1032 and contacts the third straight plate 1041. Alternatively, as required, an appropriate gap may be reserved between the third rubber block 1053 and the third straight plate 1041. When the load-bearing member 3000 is normally loaded, the stress state of the rubber block is related to the draft state of the ship, that is, when the ship is in a flat draft state, only the equivalent rubber block at the top of the core column 1010 is stressed, and the first rubber block 1051, the second rubber block 1052 and the third rubber block 1053 are all in a stress-free state. When the ship tilts and there is no gap between the rubber block and the side wall of the core column 1010, part of the first rubber block 1051, the second rubber block 1052 and the third rubber block 1053 are in a stress-bearing state.

[0087] The U-shaped plate and the L-shaped steel plate cooperate with each other through the third rubber block 1053, forming a mechanism of coordinated work when subjected to vertical force. When vertical force acts, the force can be transmitted between the U-shaped plate and the L-shaped steel plate through the third rubber block 1053, so that the entire support structure can better cope with vertical forces under different working conditions and ensure the stability of the support.

[0088] When the load-bearing member 3000 tends to rise relative to the hull, the third rubber block 1053 can play a role in preventing the load-bearing member 3000 from rising. Since the third rubber block 1053 is located between the third straight plate 1041 and the second straight plate 1032, when there is a rising trend, the third rubber block 1053 will be squeezed, generating reverse resistance to prevent the load-bearing member 3000 from continuing to rise. This is very important for ensuring the stable position and safety of the load-bearing member 3000, especially in application scenarios such as ships that may be subject to bumps and shaking.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, the equivalent rubber block on the top surface of the core column 1010 is set as a fourth rubber block 1054, and the fourth rubber block 1054 is used to support the load-bearing member 3000. The fourth rubber block 1054 is elastic, and when supporting the load-bearing member 3000, the weight of the load-bearing member 3000 can be evenly distributed on the core column 1010, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the entire supporting structure.

[0090] Ensure that the three-component force sensor 2000 is on a stable mounting base, and firmly mount the detection plate 2001 on the top of the three-component force sensor 2000. This process needs to ensure that the connection between the two is tight and horizontal. The bolt fixing method can be used to ensure that the detection plate 2001 can accurately receive the force from above and transmit it to the three-component force sensor 2000. Determine the installation position of the core column 1010 on the detection plate 2001. Usually, the center position of the detection plate 2001 is selected to ensure uniform force distribution. Vertically place the core column 1010 on the detection plate 2001 and fix it by reliable means such as bolt connection to ensure that there is no looseness between the core column 1010 and the detection plate 2001 and that the force can be stably transmitted.

[0091] Select a fourth rubber block 1054 with a suitable specification, place it on the top surface of the core column 1010, and make it fully fit with the top surface of the core column 1010. The fourth rubber block 1054 can be fixed on the core column 1010 using an adhesive to prevent displacement when carrying the to-be-carried part 3000.

[0092] Carefully place the to-be-carried part 3000 on the fourth rubber blocks 1054, and adjust the position of the to-be-carried part 3000 so that its weight is evenly distributed to each of the fourth rubber blocks 1054, ensuring that the weight of the to-be-carried part 3000 can be evenly transmitted to the core column 1010 and the detection plate 2001 through the fourth rubber blocks 1054.

[0093] The three-component force sensor 2000 can accurately measure the pressure received by the fourth rubber blocks 1054. When the ship is in the even-keel state, the gravity of the to-be-carried part 3000 is transmitted to the detection plate 2001 through the fourth rubber blocks 1054 and the core column 1010, and then measured by the three-component force sensor 2000. Due to the stable system and clear force transmission path, accurate vertical support force data can be obtained, laying a foundation for studying the forces on the to-be-carried part 3000 and the support structure.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, according to factors such as the model, size, weight of the three-component force sensor 2000, and the maximum load and working environment of the to-be-carried part 3000, select a suitable fixed support base. The material of the fixed support base is usually a high-strength metal material such as steel or aluminum alloy to ensure that it has sufficient strength and stability. At the same time, ensure that the size of the fixed support base matches the bottom size of the three-component force sensor 2000.

[0095] The fixed support base provides a stable support platform for the three-component force sensor 2000, which can effectively reduce the influence of external movement on the sensor.

[0096] The weight and force of the load-bearing member 3000 are transmitted to the fixed support base through the three-component force sensor 2000, and the fixed support base can evenly disperse these pressures onto the installation foundation. This avoids damage caused by excessive local force on the sensor and extends the service life of the sensor. Especially when the load-bearing member 3000 bears a large weight, the pressure-dispersing effect of the fixed support base is more obvious.

[0097] Determine the scale ratio of the hull model according to the actual ship size and test requirements, and fabricate the hull model. Set the hull deck 4000 at the corresponding position of the hull model to ensure that the structure and size of the deck meet the design requirements. On the hull deck 4000, appropriately open installation holes according to the size of the detection plate 2001 of the equivalent support model to facilitate fitting with the detection plate 2001.

[0098] Install the three-component force sensor 2000 of the equivalent support model on the fixed support base, and firmly install the fixed support base at a suitable position in the hull model. Assemble the core cylinder 1010, the first horizontal force component 1020, the second horizontal force component 1030, the vertical force component 1040, etc. in the equivalent support assembly 1000 according to the design requirements, and install each equivalent rubber block at the corresponding position.

[0099] This pool test model highly simulates the structure and force conditions of a ship in the actual marine environment by setting the hull model, the hull deck 4000, and the upper module model. The equivalent support model can effectively simulate the working state of the elastic support during actual ship operation, providing a real and reliable test platform for studying the mechanical properties of ships in complex marine environments.

[0100] The three-component force sensor 2000 is located below the hull deck 4000 and can accurately measure the force conditions of the equivalent rubber blocks in real time, thereby obtaining the force data of the upper module model under different working conditions. These data help to deeply study the support effect of the elastic support on the upper module model, the force transmission law, and the overall dynamic response of the ship, providing key data support for ship design and optimization.

[0101] This kind of ship pool test model is not only applicable to studying the elastic support of the FPSO upper module model, but also can be applied to the related research of other types of ships or marine structures by adjusting the model parameters and test conditions. It has strong versatility and scalability, providing a powerful tool for research in the field of ocean engineering.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, several equivalent support models are supported below the upper module model; several installation holes are arranged on the hull deck 4000 corresponding to the equivalent support models.

[0103] A ship pool model test method, applicable to the above-mentioned ship pool test model, includes:

[0104] Step S1: Based on the full-scale ship dimensions, determine the scale ratio of the ship model test in the towing tank in combination with the tank conditions and test requirements.

[0105] Specifically: First, it is necessary to comprehensively collect detailed dimension data of the actual hull, including length, width, height, and key structural dimensions, etc. By comparing the actual hull with the limitations of the test site and equipment, a suitable scale ratio is determined. For example, if the space of the test tank is limited, a smaller scale ratio may be selected. At the same time, professional material testing equipment is used to conduct compression stiffness tests on the equivalent rubber blocks. During the testing process, environmental factors such as loading rate and temperature are strictly controlled to ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0106] Determining the scale ratio based on the actual hull can ensure the geometric similarity between the hull model and the equivalent support model and the actual situation, making the test results more valuable for reference. Obtaining the compression stiffness value of the actual rubber pad provides a key reference basis for the subsequent selection of equivalent rubber blocks, ensuring that the model test can truly reflect the mechanical properties of the actual support structure.

[0107] Step S2: Obtain the vertical compression stiffness value of the rubber pad in the support structure of the upper module of the full-scale ship, and then determine the corresponding compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block; Specifically: Use professional mechanical testing equipment to conduct vertical compression stiffness tests on the rubber pads in the support structure of the upper module of the full-scale ship. Then determine the corresponding compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block.

[0108] Step S3: Set the dimensions of the hull model and the equivalent support model according to the scale ratio.

[0109] Specifically: According to the determined scale ratio, scale the dimensions of each component of the hull model. For the equivalent support model, the dimensions of the core column 1010, the first horizontal force component 1020 (vertical steel plate), the second horizontal force component 1030 (L-shaped steel plate), the vertical force component 1040 (U-shaped plate), and each equivalent rubber block are calculated and adjusted accordingly according to the scale ratio. During the manufacturing process, high-precision processing equipment and techniques are used to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of each component meets the test requirements.

[0110] Ensuring that the dimensions of the hull model and the equivalent support model are proportional to the actual situation maintains the structural similarity, enabling the test to simulate the mechanical responses of the actual ship under various working conditions. Precise dimension setting helps to improve the accuracy of the test, reduce test errors caused by dimensional deviations, and enhance the credibility of the test results.

[0111] Step S4: Control the compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block to correspond to that of the rubber pad of the upper module support structure of the actual ship. Specifically: Test the compression stiffness of rubber blocks made of different materials through experiments, and select rubber materials to make equivalent rubber blocks corresponding to the compression stiffness value of the rubber pad of the actual support structure. Special treatments can be carried out on the rubber, such as adding fillers or changing the vulcanization process of the rubber, etc., to adjust its compression stiffness. After production, test the compression stiffness of the equivalent rubber block again to ensure that it corresponds to the compression stiffness of the actual rubber pad.

[0112] Make the equivalent support model equivalent to the actual support structure in terms of mechanical properties, and ensure that the force conditions and motion responses of the upper module model in the test are similar to the actual situation. This is crucial for studying the role of elastic supports during ship operation and can effectively verify the correctness of relevant theoretical calculations and design schemes.

[0113] Loading condition

[0114] Step S5: Place the upper module model on the equivalent support model and change the loading condition of the hull model.

[0115] Specifically: Carefully place the upper module model on the fourth rubber block 1054 of the equivalent support model, and adjust the position of the center of gravity of the upper module model in the horizontal plane (i.e., the X coordinate and Y coordinate) according to the center of gravity position information of the upper module in the actual ship, so as to simulate the weight distribution of the upper module in the actual ship and the compression condition of the bottom support structure. By controlling the test equipment, adjust the state of the hull model under different working conditions, such as stationary, uniform sailing, bumping in waves, etc. Wave-making equipment in the water tank can be used to generate waves with different wavelengths and wave heights to simulate the ocean environment, and at the same time control the motion speed and direction of the hull model through the traction device.

[0116] Simulating different hull states can comprehensively study the performance of elastic supports under various force conditions of the upper module model. By observing and analyzing the force and deformation conditions of the equivalent support model under different working conditions, more comprehensive data support can be provided for ship design and optimization, which helps to improve the safety and stability of ships in complex ocean environments.

[0117] Among them, different loading conditions refer to: the states that the hull of the ship model in the water tank test may be in. For example:

[0118] When the hull is stationary, the fourth rubber block 1054 bears the main force. The gravity of the load-bearing part acts vertically downward on the fourth rubber block 1054 on the top surface of the core column 1010. The rubber block undergoes compressive deformation and evenly transmits the gravity to the top surface of the core column 1010. The core column transmits the vertical force along the axis to the bottom and directly acts on the central area of the detection plate 2001. The detection plate 2001 transmits the vertical pressure to the top of the three-component force sensor 2000. After receiving the vertical pressure signal, the sensor converts it into a reading of the vertical force value and displays it, outputting the force value (gravity magnitude) in the Z-axis direction.

[0119] When the hull sways laterally, the horizontal sway force triggers unilateral compressive deformation of the rubber block.

[0120] When the load-bearing part is subjected to a positive Y-axis sway force, the first rubber blocks 1051 between the two first horizontal force components 1020 (vertical steel plates) and the core column 1010 are in a differential stress state:

[0121] The first rubber block 1051 in the negative Y-axis direction undergoes compressive deformation under the action of the horizontal extrusion force and transmits the positive Y-axis force to the side wall of the core column 1010;

[0122] The first rubber block 1051 in the positive Y-axis direction has a small gap with the side wall of the core column 1010.

[0123] When the hull sways longitudinally, the L-shaped steel plate and the second rubber block transmit force cooperatively through unilateral compression.

[0124] When the load-bearing part 3000 is subjected to a positive X-axis sway force, the first straight plate 1031 of the second horizontal force component 1030 (L-shaped steel plate) moves in the positive X-axis direction along with the load-bearing part 3000, and the two second rubber blocks 1052 are in different working states:

[0125] The second rubber block 1052 on the negative X-axis side is compressed under extrusion and transmits the positive X-axis force to the side wall of the core column 1010;

[0126] The second rubber block 1052 on the positive X-axis side has a small gap with the side wall of the core column 1010. The three-component force sensor 2000 is set according to the prior art, and the specific working principle is the same as that of the conventional three-component force sensor 2000.

[0127] When the hull is subjected to vertical wave slamming, the bidirectional vertical force triggers the cooperative stress of the double rubber blocks;

[0128] Downward impact force: Due to the impact, the load-bearing part moves downward, the fourth rubber block 1054 is compressed, and the force is transmitted to the detection plate 2001 through the core column 1010 (same as the gravity scenario);

[0129] Upward impact force (such as the inertial force of the component to be carried when the hull is lifted): The third rubber block 1053 of the vertical component force member (U-shaped plate) comes into play: The third straight plate 1041 of the U-shaped plate is located above the second straight plate 1032 of the second horizontal component force member 1030. When the second straight plate 1032 moves upward with the component to be carried and there is a relative position change with the U-shaped plate, the third rubber block 1053 is squeezed, and the upward impact force is transmitted to the detection plate 2001 through the fifth straight plate 1043 of the U-shaped plate.

[0130] The fourth straight plate 1042 of the U-shaped plate is vertically arranged, and the fifth straight plate 1043 is fixed to the detection plate 2001 to ensure that the vertical impact force is rigidly conducted in the vertical direction and reduce the interference of the component force in the horizontal direction.

[0131] Step S6: The three-component force sensor 2000 detects the force on the equivalent support model in each loading state.

[0132] Specifically: The three-component force sensor 2000 is connected to the equivalent support assembly 1000 and is connected to the data acquisition system. When the hull model is in different states, the sensor real-time collects the force data of the equivalent rubber block, including the component forces in the vertical and horizontal directions. The data acquisition system collects data at a certain frequency and stores it. After the test, the collected data is further analyzed, the curve of the force changing with time is plotted, and the force law of the equivalent support model in different loading states is analyzed.

[0133] It can accurately obtain the force conditions of the equivalent support model under various simulation conditions, providing direct data basis for studying the mechanical properties of the elastic support. Through the analysis of the data, the force transmission characteristics, buffering effect and the support stability of the upper module model of the elastic support in different situations can be deeply understood, providing strong technical support for improving the elastic support design and optimizing the ship structure.

[0134] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brief description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0135] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An equivalent support model, characterized in that, The equivalent support model comprises: an equivalent support component (1000) and a three-force sensor (2000); A detection plate (2001) is arranged on the top of the three-force sensor (2000); The equivalent support assembly (1000) comprises: A core column (1010) is arranged above the detection plate (2001), and an equivalent rubber block for supporting the load-bearing component (3000) is arranged on the top surface; Two first horizontal force component parts (1020) are arranged on both sides of the core column (1010), and the tops of the first horizontal force component parts (1020) are connected to the load-bearing member (3000). One of the equivalent rubber blocks is connected to the side wall of each first horizontal force component (1020) facing the core column (1010); Two second horizontal force component parts (1030) are arranged on both sides of the core column (1010), and the tops of the second horizontal force component parts (1030) are connected to the load-bearing member (3000). The side wall of each second horizontal force component (1030) facing the core column (1010) is connected to an equivalent rubber block; A vertical force component (1040) is arranged above the detection plate (2001) and located on both sides of the core column (1010); the two vertical force components (1040) respectively cooperate with the two second horizontal force components (1030) in the vertical direction through the equivalent rubber block; The three-force sensor (2000) is used to detect the force applied to the equivalent rubber block.

2. The equivalent support model according to claim 1, wherein The core column (1010) has a first virtual reference line and a second virtual reference line; The first virtual reference line and the second virtual reference line are perpendicular to each other in the same horizontal plane; The two first horizontal force component parts (1020) are located on a first virtual reference line, and the two second horizontal force component parts (1030) are located on a second virtual reference line.

3. The equivalent support model according to claim 1, wherein The two first horizontal force component parts (1020) are both configured as vertical steel plates, and the equivalent rubber block between the vertical steel plates and the side wall of the core column (1010) is configured as a first rubber block (1051).

4. The equivalent support model according to claim 1, wherein The two second horizontal force component parts (1030) are both configured as L-shaped steel plates; The L-shaped steel plate comprises a first straight plate (1031) and a second straight plate (1032) vertically connected to each other; The equivalent rubber block between the side wall of the first straight plate (1031) and the side wall of the core column (1010) is set as a second rubber block (1052); The second straight plate (1032) is arranged towards a side facing away from the core column (1010).

5. The equivalent support model according to claim 4, wherein The two vertical force distribution components (1040) are both configured as U-shaped plates; The U-shaped plate comprises a third straight plate (1041), a fourth straight plate (1042) and a fifth straight plate (1043) which are connected in sequence; The fourth straight plate (1042) is arranged in the vertical direction; The fifth straight plate (1043) is fixed above the detection plate (2001); The third straight plate (1041) and the fifth straight plate (1043) are arranged in the same direction on the fourth straight plate (1042), and an opening is formed between the third straight plate (1041) and the fifth straight plate (1043). The second straight plate (1032) is located within the opening, and the third straight plate (1041) is located above the second straight plate (1032). The equivalent rubber block between the third straight plate (1041) and the second straight plate (1032) is set as the third rubber block (1053).

6. The equivalent support model according to claim 1, wherein The equivalent rubber block on the top surface of the core cylinder (1010) is set as the fourth rubber block (1054), and the fourth rubber block (1054) is used to support the to-be-carried component (3000).

7. The equivalent support model according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed support base is provided at the bottom of the three-component force sensor (2000).

8. A ship tank test model, comprising the equivalent support model according to any one of claims 1-7 above, characterized in that, Further included are: A hull model and an upper module model; The to-be-carried component (3000) is replaced by the upper module model; The hull model includes a hull deck (4000), and an installation hole is opened on the hull deck (4000). The opening area of the installation hole is larger than the size of the detection plate (2001), and there is a gap between the detection plate (2001) and the inner wall of the installation hole. The equivalent support assembly (1000) is located above the hull deck (4000) to support the upper module model; the three-component force sensor (2000) is located below the hull deck (4000).

9. The ship tank test model according to claim 8, characterized in that, Several equivalent support models are provided to support the lower part of the upper module model; Several installation holes corresponding to the equivalent support models are arranged on the hull deck (4000).

10. A ship tank model test method, applicable to the ship tank test model described in any one of the above-mentioned claims 8 and 9, characterized in that, Included are: Based on the actual ship scale, combined with the pool conditions and test requirements, determine the scale ratio of the ship pool model test; Obtain the vertical compression stiffness value of the rubber pad in the upper module support structure of the actual ship, and then determine the corresponding compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block; Set the sizes of the hull model and the equivalent support model according to the scale ratio; Control the compression stiffness value of the equivalent rubber block to correspond to the compression stiffness value of the rubber pad in the upper module support structure of the actual ship; Place the upper module model on the equivalent support model and change the loading state of the hull model; The three-component force sensor (2000) detects the force on the equivalent support model under each loading state.

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