Tensile test device and tensile test method

Abstract

The invention relates to a tensile test device and a tensile test method. The tensile testing device comprises guide rails, bearing devices and a convex elastic thin plate, the number of the guide rails and the number of the bearing devices are N, and N is an integer larger than or equal to 3; the guide rails are arranged in the radial direction with the vertical center shaft as the circle center, each guide rail is provided with a bearing device, the bearing devices are used for bearing the convex elastic thin plates, the edges of the lower surfaces of the convex elastic thin plates are round, the vertexes of the convex elastic thin plates protrude upwards along the center lines of the convex elastic thin plates, and the center positions of the convex elastic thin plates are located on the vertical center shaft. The tensile test device provided by the invention can realize the multi-axis tensile test of the fabric and reflect the tensile properties of the fabric in multiple directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material testing, and particularly relates to a tensile testing device and a tensile testing method. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of vehicles, users' attention to safety has also increased, making the performance testing of airbags particularly important. The performance testing of airbags includes the tensile testing of fabrics, which is used to test the tensile strength and ductility of airbags.

[0003] Currently, the biaxial tensile testing of fabrics can be achieved through specific tooling. However, this testing method can only reflect the mechanical properties of fabrics in two directions, and the test results are limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a tensile testing device and a tensile testing method to achieve the multi-axial tensile testing of fabrics.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a tensile testing device, including: guide rails, a carrying device, and a convex elastic thin plate. The number of the guide rails and the carrying device is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

[0006] The guide rails are radially arranged with the vertical central axis as the center of the circle. Each guide rail is provided with a carrying device, and the carrying device is used to carry the convex elastic thin plate. The edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate is circular and the vertex bulges upward along the center line of the convex elastic thin plate. The central position of the convex elastic thin plate is located on the vertical central axis.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, N is 4.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the guide rails are radially arranged at equal angles with the vertical central axis as the center of the circle.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the carrying device includes a carrier and a baffle. The carrier is arranged on the guide rail, and the baffle is arranged on the side of the carrier away from the convex elastic thin plate.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, both the left and right sides of the guide rail are provided with sliding grooves, and the carrier is provided with sliding protrusions that can be inserted into the sliding grooves to enable the carrier to slide on the guide rail.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the guide rail is provided with scales.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a fixing component is provided on the bearing device, and the fixing component is used to fix the bearing member on the guide rail.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a tensile test method, which can be applied to the tensile test device in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0014] S1, providing a fabric, wrapping the convex elastic thin plate with the fabric, and making the lower surface edge of the convex elastic thin plate fit with the fabric;

[0015] S2, adjusting the position of the bearing device in the tensile test device according to the diameter of the lower surface edge of the convex elastic thin plate;

[0016] S3, placing the convex elastic thin plate on the bearing device;

[0017] S4, applying pressure to the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate;

[0018] S5, recording the tensile test data of the fabric.

[0019] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the tensile test data of the fabric is the deformation amount marked on the fabric.

[0020] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the central position marked on the fabric coincides with the central position of the fabric.

[0021] The present application provides a tensile test device and a tensile test method. In the technical solution provided by the present application, a fabric wraps a convex elastic thin plate, and the lower surface edge of the convex elastic thin plate fits with the fabric. By applying pressure to the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate, a uniformly distributed load is generated on the lower surface edge of the convex elastic thin plate, thereby realizing uniform stretching of the fabric. The technical solution provided by the present application can realize multi-axis tensile testing of the fabric, reflect the tensile performance of the fabric in multiple directions, more completely present the performance of the fabric under complex stress scenarios, and provide relatively comprehensive data support for product design and application. In addition, in the technical solution provided by the present application, the fabric is uniformly stressed during the stretching process, so that the stability and accuracy of the tensile test results of the fabric are relatively high. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic illustration of the tensile test device provided by the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic illustration of each component in the tensile test device provided by the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic illustration of the tensile test method provided for this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The tensile test of fabrics is a commonly used test method for evaluating the tensile strength and ductility of fabrics. Especially with the increasing emphasis on safety by users, the performance test of airbags becomes particularly important. Currently, the biaxial stretching of fabrics can be achieved through specific tooling, but this method can only reflect the mechanical properties of fabrics in two directions and cannot comprehensively reflect the tensile properties of fabrics, resulting in limited test results.

[0027] In view of this, this application provides a tensile test device and a tensile test method. In the technical solutions provided in this application, a fabric wraps a convex elastic thin plate, and the lower surface edge of the convex elastic thin plate is attached to the fabric. By applying pressure on the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate, a uniformly distributed load is generated on the lower surface edge of the convex elastic thin plate, thereby realizing the uniform stretching of the fabric. The technical solutions provided in this application can achieve the multi-axial tensile test of fabrics, reflect the tensile properties of fabrics in multiple directions, and more completely present the performance of fabrics under complex stress scenarios, providing relatively comprehensive data support for product design and application. In addition, in the technical solutions provided in this application, the fabric is uniformly stressed during the stretching process, resulting in high stability and accuracy of the tensile test results of the fabric.

[0028] It should be noted that the technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to the multi-axial tensile test of other products, such as plastics, and this application does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0029] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 , to illustrate the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic illustration of the tensile test device provided for this application. Figure 1 The shown tensile test device includes a guide rail 1, a bearing device 2, and a convex elastic thin plate 3. It should be noted that the number of the guide rail 1 and the bearing device 2 can be N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 3. Figure 1 In [reference], the number of the guide rail 1 and the bearing device 2 is taken as 4 for illustration, which does not limit the technical solutions of this application.

[0031] Among them, the guide rails 1 are radially arranged with the vertical central axis as the center of the circle, and a loading device 2 is arranged on each guide rail 1. The loading device 2 is used to load the convex elastic thin plate 3. The edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 is circular and the vertex bulges upward along the center line of the convex elastic thin plate 3. The center position of the convex elastic thin plate 3 is located on the vertical central axis.

[0032] It can be seen that the guide rails 1 can be radially arranged at equal angles with the vertical central axis as the center of the circle. The included angle between two adjacent guide rails 1 is 360° / N.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic illustration of each component in the tensile test device provided by this application. Among them, Figure 2 in (a) is a schematic illustration of the guide rail 1, Figure 2 in (b) is a schematic illustration of the loading device 2, Figure 2 in (c) is a schematic illustration of the convex elastic thin plate 3.

[0034] It can be seen that sliding grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide rail 1, and sliding protrusions that can be inserted into the sliding grooves are provided on the loading device 2, so that the loading device 2 can slide on the guide rail 1.

[0035] In a possible implementation, pulleys or balls can be provided on the sliding grooves of the guide rail 1 or the sliding protrusions of the loading device 2 to reduce the sliding friction between the guide rail 1 and the loading device 2 and improve the accuracy of the fabric tensile test results.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, the loading device 2 includes a loading member 21 and a baffle 22. The loading member 21 is arranged on the guide rail 1, and the baffle 22 is arranged on the loading member 21 and on the side of the loading member 21 away from the convex elastic thin plate 3. The edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 can be placed at the junction of the loading member 21 and the baffle 22.

[0037] As Figure 2 shown, considering that the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 is circular, when the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate 3 receives pressure, the diameter of the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 will increase uniformly, that is, a uniform load can be generated at the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3.

[0038] The test method for tensile testing the fabric with the above tensile test device is as Figure 3 shown. Referring to Figure 3 , the test method may include S1 to S5.

[0039] S1, provide a fabric, wrap the convex elastic thin plate 3 with the fabric, and make the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 fit the fabric.

[0040] In this application, after the fabric is cut into the required size, the fabric can be wrapped around the convex elastic thin plate 3, and the fabric and the convex elastic thin plate 3 are fixed so that the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 fits the fabric, so that the load generated at the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 can be evenly applied to the fabric, or in other words, the fabric is uniformly stressed when stretched in multiple directions. This application does not limit the fixing method of the fabric and the convex elastic thin plate 3.

[0041] In this application, the central position of the fabric can be located on the center line of the convex elastic thin plate 3, or in other words, the central position of the fabric can be on the same vertical line as the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate 3.

[0042] S2. Adjust the position of the bearing device 2 according to the diameter of the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3.

[0043] This application does not limit the execution order of S1 and S2. S1 can be executed first and then S2, or S2 can be executed first and then S1.

[0044] In this application, the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 is circular. The position of the bearing device 2 on the guide rail 1 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 to prepare for placing the convex elastic thin plate 3 on the bearing device 2 later.

[0045] S3. Place the convex elastic thin plate 3 on the bearing device 2.

[0046] In this application, the convex elastic thin plate 3 with the fixed fabric can be placed on the bearing device 2. For example, the convex elastic thin plate 3 is placed on the bearing member 21 so that the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3 is located at the junction of the bearing member 21 and the baffle 22.

[0047] Considering that the convex elastic thin plate 3 needs to be placed on multiple bearing devices 2, a fixing component can be provided on the bearing device 2. The fixing component can be used to fix the bearing device 2 or the bearing member 21 on the guide rail 1, so that the bearing device 2 can be fixed during the placement of the convex elastic thin plate 3 to prevent the bearing device 2 from being displaced during the placement of the convex elastic thin plate 3 and affecting the test efficiency. The fixing component can be a bolt, a bolt or a buckle, and this application does not limit this.

[0048] S4. Apply pressure to the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate 3.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the guide rail 1 can be fixed on the working platform of the universal testing machine. The central position of the universal testing machine can be on the same vertical line as the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate 3, or rather, the central position of the universal testing machine can be on the center line of the convex elastic thin plate 3, so that the universal testing machine can apply pressure to the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate 3 to improve the uniformity of the load generated at the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3. Herein, the application does not limit the method of fixing the guide rail 1 on the working platform of the universal testing machine. For example, it can be fixed by bolts, buckles or grooves.

[0050] S5. Record the tensile test data of the fabric.

[0051] In this application, the universal testing machine can move towards the convex elastic thin plate 3 at a preset speed, so as to apply pressure to the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate 3, so that a uniform load is generated at the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate 3, thereby realizing the uniform stretching of the fabric and realizing the multi-axis tensile test of the fabric.

[0052] In a possible implementation, convex elastic thin plates 3 with different convex heights can be adopted to achieve the purpose of different test displacements. It should be noted that when the same pressure is applied to the vertices of the convex elastic thin plates 3 with different convex heights, the magnitudes of the loads generated at the edges of the lower surfaces of the convex elastic thin plates 3 are different, so that the tensile displacements of the fabric can be different.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the guide rail 1 can be provided with scales, so that the displacement of the bearing device 2 can be determined by the scales during the stretching process of the fabric, and then the tensile displacement of the fabric can be determined.

[0054] In a possible implementation, a mark can be made on the fabric, so that the tensile test data of the fabric can be determined by detecting the deformation amount of the mark on the fabric during the stretching process of the fabric. In this implementation, the central position of the mark on the fabric can coincide with the central position of the fabric. For example, a "cross" mark is made at the central position of the fabric, and the tensile displacement of the fabric is determined by detecting the deformation amount of the mark. Optionally, the deformation amount of the mark can be detected by a camera.

[0055] The tensile test device provided by the present application can perform multi-axis tensile tests on fabrics, thereby reflecting the tensile properties of fabrics in multiple directions, providing relatively comprehensive fabric tensile test data, and providing relatively comprehensive data support for product design and application. When the tensile test device provided by the present application performs a tensile test on a fabric, the fabric is uniformly stressed, so that the stability and accuracy of the test data results are relatively high. The tensile test device provided by the present application has relatively low requirements for fabrics and does not require complex pretreatment of the fabrics, thereby improving the test efficiency. The tensile test device provided by the present application has a simple and stable structure, a low manufacturing cost, and a high reuse rate. The tensile test device provided by the present application can be used in cooperation with a universal testing machine to achieve tensile tests on fabrics of different specifications.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0058] It should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and there is no limitation in any form to the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tensile testing device, characterized in that, Including: A guide rail (1), a bearing device (2), and a convex elastic thin plate (3), wherein the number of the guide rails (1) and the bearing devices (2) is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 3; The guide rails (1) are radially arranged around a vertical central axis, and each guide rail (1) is provided with a bearing device (2) for bearing the convex elastic thin plate (3). The edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate (3) is circular, and the vertex bulges upward along the central line of the convex elastic thin plate (3). The central position of the convex elastic thin plate (3) is located on the vertical central axis.

2. The tensile testing device according to claim 1, wherein N is 4.

3. The tensile testing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guide rails (1) are radially arranged at equal angles around the vertical central axis.

4. The tensile testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing device (2) includes a bearing member and a baffle. The bearing member is arranged on the guide rail (1), and the baffle is arranged on the side of the bearing member away from the convex elastic thin plate (3).

5. The tensile testing device according to claim 4, wherein Sliding grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the guide rail (1), and sliding protrusions that can be inserted into the sliding grooves are provided on the bearing member, so that the bearing member can slide on the guide rail (1).

6. The tensile testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Scales are provided on the guide rail (1).

7. The tensile testing device according to claim 6, wherein, A fixing component is provided on the bearing device (2) for fixing the bearing member on the guide rail (1).

8. A tensile testing method, characterized in that, Applied to the tensile testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method includes: S1, providing a fabric, wrapping the convex elastic thin plate (3) with the fabric, and making the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate (3) fit with the fabric; S2, adjusting the position of the bearing device (2) in the tensile testing device according to the diameter of the edge of the lower surface of the convex elastic thin plate (3); S3, placing the convex elastic thin plate (3) on the bearing device (2); S4, applying pressure to the vertex of the convex elastic thin plate (3); S5, recording the tensile test data of the fabric.

9. The tensile test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tensile test data of the fabric is the deformation amount marked on the fabric.

10. The tensile test method according to claim 9, wherein, The central position marked on the fabric coincides with the central position of the fabric.

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