Universal simple soil leakage measuring device for paddy field and dry land and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a universal simple soil leakage measuring device for paddy fields and dry lands. The universal simple soil leakage measuring device comprises a leakage barrel, a U-shaped pipe, an air pressure balance hole and a water injection hole, a hole is formed in the upper end of the leakage barrel, one end of the U-shaped pipe is connected with the hole, and a water injection hole and an air pressure balance hole are formed in the upper end of the leakage barrel. The using method comprises the following steps that preparation work and air pressure balance are conducted, and when the leakage barrel is inserted into a paddy field with the depth larger than or equal to 20 cm, the air pressure balance hole is opened to ensure that air pressure inside and outside the leakage barrel is equal; water is added into the U-shaped pipe until the scale mark is 0 cm; and step 2, leakage amount measurement: the soil leakage amount in unit time can be calculated by monitoring the height of the water level drop of the U-shaped pipe and combining the cross sectional areas of the U-shaped pipe and the leakage barrel. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the device is not only suitable for a paddy field environment, but also can simulate a soil leakage process through the water injection hole in a dry land environment, and meets leakage monitoring requirements of different farmlands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil leakage measurement, and specifically to a simple device for measuring soil leakage amount that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] A paddy field refers to cultivated land with ridges built to maintain a stable water level for growing rice by storing water. Due to long-term flooded cultivation, soil clay particles move downward, forming a plow sole layer, which can maintain a stable field water level and can maintain the water level for a long time or seasonally to meet the growth of rice. Dry lands mostly have no stable water sources or irrigation facilities and rely on natural precipitation, and are cultivated lands reclaimed from natural soil for growing dry land crops such as corn, wheat, and sweet potatoes.

[0003] In the technologies for detecting the leakage amounts of paddy fields and dry lands, the following problems exist:

[0004] (1) Leakage bucket method: When installed, the soil disturbance is large (>30%), resulting in distorted measurement data.

[0005] (2) Tensiometer method: It can only indirectly reflect the water potential and cannot directly quantify the leakage water volume.

[0006] (3) Electronic sensor method: The cost is high (more than 2000 yuan per single point), and the long-term stability in the field is poor.

[0007] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that this information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above technical defects, and provide a simple device for measuring soil leakage amount that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands and its usage method. It is not only applicable to paddy field environments, but also in dry land environments, the soil leakage process can be simulated through the water injection hole to meet the leakage monitoring requirements of different farmlands. The device has a simple structure, is easy to install and operate. The user only needs to insert the bucket in the paddy field environment and fill the water to the 0 scale of the U-shaped tube to start monitoring the leakage amount, which saves time and effort. The device measures with high precision. Through the negative pressure principle of the U-shaped tube, it ensures the accurate calculation of the leakage water volume and avoids the errors caused by soil disturbance or external interference in the traditional leakage bucket method. The device has a sealing design, and the isolation design of the air inside and outside the bucket can effectively reduce the interference of air pressure fluctuations on the measurement results and ensure the stability and accuracy of the data.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: A simple device for measuring soil leakage amount that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands includes a leakage bucket, a U-shaped tube, an air pressure balance hole, and a water injection hole;

[0010] The upper end of the leakage bucket is provided with a hole, one end of the U-shaped tube is connected to the hole, and a water injection hole and a pressure balance hole are opened at the upper end of the leakage bucket;

[0011] Furthermore, the leakage bucket is made of stainless steel or high-strength plastic material, the diameter of the leakage bucket is 35 cm, the height is 50 cm, the thickness is 2 mm, and the bottom of the leakage bucket is a ring knife-shaped blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the usage method of a simple device for measuring soil leakage volume applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Preparation work, pressure balance. When the leakage bucket is inserted into the paddy field to a depth of ≥20 cm, open the pressure balance hole to ensure that the air pressure inside and outside the leakage bucket is equal; add water to the U-shaped tube to scale 0, add water to the U-shaped tube to the scale line of 0 cm. At this time, the liquid levels on both sides of the U-shaped tube are kept consistent, serving as the initial state for measurement; at this time, seal the pressure balance hole and the water injection hole with silica gel plugs to isolate the air inside the leakage bucket from the outside air;

[0014] Step 2: Leakage volume measurement. If water leaks from the soil into the leakage bucket, the liquid level inside the leakage bucket will drop, forming a negative pressure, and the water in the U-shaped tube will be pressed into the bucket. By monitoring the height of the water level drop in the U-shaped tube and combining the cross-sectional areas of the U-shaped tube and the leakage bucket, the soil leakage volume per unit time can be calculated.

[0015] Furthermore, in Step 1, the requirements for the preparation work: metering point setting and reading requirements, at least three test points should be set in each test field, and each test time should be at least 1 h; liquid level height requirements, the water level in the paddy field should be ≥5 cm to ensure that the water layer can stably penetrate into the bucket.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention compared with the existing technology are as follows:

[0017] (1) The present invention is not only applicable to the paddy field environment, but also in the dry land environment, the soil leakage process can be simulated through the water injection hole, meeting the leakage monitoring requirements of different farmlands. The device has a simple structure, is easy to install and operate. The user only needs to insert the bucket in the paddy field environment and fill the water to the 0 scale of the U-shaped tube to start monitoring the leakage volume, which is time-saving and labor-saving. The device has high-precision measurement. Through the negative pressure principle of the U-shaped tube, the accurate calculation of the leakage water volume is ensured, avoiding the errors caused by soil disturbance or external interference in the traditional leakage bucket method. The device has a sealing design, and the isolation design of the air inside and outside the bucket can effectively reduce the interference of air pressure fluctuations on the measurement results and ensure the stability and accuracy of the data. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is the front view of a simple device for measuring soil leakage volume applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of a simple device for measuring soil seepage volume that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of a simple device for measuring soil seepage volume that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands according to the present invention.

[0021] As shown in the figure: 1. Leakage bucket; 2. U-shaped tube; 3. Air pressure balance hole; 4. Water injection hole. Specific implementation manners

[0022] The following further describes the specific implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Among them, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" respectively refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component.

[0024] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] As Figures 1-3 shown, a simple device for measuring soil seepage volume that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands includes a leakage bucket 1, a U-shaped tube 2, an air pressure balance hole 3, and a water injection hole 4;

[0026] The upper end of the leakage bucket 1 is provided with a hole, and one end of the U-shaped tube 2 is connected to the hole for measuring the seepage water. The upper end of the leakage bucket 1 is provided with a water injection hole 4 and an air pressure balance hole 3; the leakage bucket 1 is made of stainless steel or high-strength plastic material to ensure long-term stable use. The diameter of the leakage bucket 1 is 35 cm, the height is 50 cm, and the thickness is 2 mm. The bottom of the leakage bucket 1 is a ring knife-shaped blade, which is convenient for inserting into the soil and reducing soil disturbance. The insertion depth of the device is at least 20 cm to adapt to different environments of paddy fields and dry lands.

[0027] A method for using a simple device for measuring soil seepage volume that is applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1. Preparation work, air pressure balance. When the leakage bucket 1 is inserted into the paddy field to a depth of ≥20 cm, open the air pressure balance hole 3 to ensure that the air pressure inside and outside the leakage bucket 1 is equal; add water to the U-shaped tube 2 to the scale 0, and add water to the U-shaped tube 2 to the scale line of 0 cm. At this time, the liquid levels on both sides of the U-shaped tube 2 are kept consistent as the initial state of measurement; at this time, seal the air pressure balance hole 3 and the water injection hole 4 with a silica gel plug to isolate the air inside the leakage bucket 1 from the outside air;

[0029] Requirements for preparatory work: Requirements for metering point setting and reading. At least three test points should be set in each test field, and the test time should be at least 1 hour each time; Requirements for liquid level height. The water surface in the paddy field should be ≥ 5 cm to ensure that the water layer can stably penetrate into barrel 1.

[0030] Step 2. Leakage measurement. If water leaks from the soil into leakage barrel 1, the liquid level in leakage barrel 1 will drop, forming a negative pressure, and the water in U-shaped tube 2 will be pressed into the barrel. By monitoring the height of the water level drop in U-shaped tube 2 and combining the cross-sectional areas of U-shaped tube 2 and leakage barrel 1, the soil leakage volume per unit time can be calculated.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] In a paddy field environment, at least 3 metering points should be set in each field simultaneously, and the detection time should be at least 1 hour. First, it is necessary to check the water surface height in the paddy field to ensure that it is at least more than 5 cm to ensure sufficient water pressure. Then, insert leakage barrel 1 into the paddy field soil with the bottom annular knife edge, and the insertion depth should be no less than 20 cm to ensure that the barrel body is in close contact with the soil. At this time, open the air pressure balance hole 3 to adjust the air pressure balance inside and outside the barrel. Inject water into U-shaped tube 2 through the connection hole of U-shaped tube 2 to the 0 scale (scale range 0 - 30 cm) to make the liquid levels on both sides of U-shaped tube 2 completely flush, forming an initial reference state. After zeroing, immediately seal the air pressure balance hole 3 and the water injection hole 4 with silicone plugs to ensure that the air inside the barrel is isolated from the outside world and construct a closed system.

[0033] In an arid land environment, at least three metering points should be set in each field simultaneously, and the detection time should be at least 1 hour. Due to the lack of a natural water layer, it is necessary to inject water artificially through the water injection hole 4 to make U-shaped tube 2 reach the same initial state as in the paddy field, that is, the water level in U-shaped tube 2 is adjusted to the 0 scale and the liquid levels on both sides are flush. Then, insert leakage barrel 1 into the soil at the predetermined position in a representative arid land area, and the insertion depth should also be no less than 20 cm. Initially, the air pressure balance hole 3 also needs to be opened to adjust the air pressure inside and outside leakage barrel 1 to ensure system balance. After the initial water injection, seal the air pressure balance hole 3 and the water injection hole 4 to establish a closed measurement environment and prepare for the subsequent monitoring of the soil leakage water volume.

[0034] All electrical components appearing in this article are electrically connected to the external main controller and 220V mains power supply. And the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer for control. In the specific implementation mode of the present disclosure, the detailed description of known functions and known components is omitted. To ensure the compatibility of the device, all the operating means adopted are consistent with the parameters of market instruments.

[0035] The above describes the present invention and its embodiments. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the gist of the present invention, design similar structural modes and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple device for measuring soil seepage volume applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands, characterized in that, It includes a leakage bucket (1), a U-shaped tube (2), an air pressure balance hole (3), and a water injection hole (4); The upper end of the leakage bucket (1) is provided with a hole, one end of the U-shaped tube (2) is connected to the hole, and a water injection hole (4) and an air pressure balance hole (3) are opened at the upper end of the leakage bucket (1).

2. The simple device for measuring soil seepage volume applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands according to claim 1, wherein: The leakage bucket (1) is made of stainless steel or high-strength plastic material. The diameter of the leakage bucket (1) is 35 cm, the height is 50 cm, and the thickness is 2 mm. The bottom of the leakage bucket (1) is a ring knife-shaped blade edge.

3. The usage method of a simple device for measuring soil seepage volume applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands according to claims 1-2, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation work and air pressure balance. When the leakage bucket (1) is inserted into the paddy field to a depth of ≥ 20 cm, open the air pressure balance hole (3) to ensure that the air pressure inside and outside the leakage bucket (1) is equal; Add water to the U-shaped tube (2) to the scale 0, and add water in the U-shaped tube (2) to the scale line of 0 cm. At this time, the liquid levels on both sides of the U-shaped tube (2) are kept consistent, serving as the initial state for measurement; At this time, seal the air pressure balance hole (3) and the water injection hole (4) with a silica gel plug to isolate the air inside the leakage bucket (1) from the outside air; Step 2: Measurement of leakage volume. If water in the soil leaks into the leakage bucket (1), the liquid level inside the leakage bucket (1) will drop, forming a negative pressure, and the water in the U-shaped tube (2) will be pressed into the bucket. By monitoring the height of the water level drop in the U-shaped tube (2) and combining the cross-sectional areas of the U-shaped tube (2) and the leakage bucket (1), the soil leakage volume per unit time can be calculated.

4. The usage method of a simple device for measuring soil seepage volume applicable to both paddy fields and dry lands according to claim 3, characterized in that: In Step 1, the requirements for the preparation work: Requirements for the setting of measurement points and reading. At least three test points should be set in each test field, and each test time should be at least 1 h; Requirements for the liquid level height. The water surface in the paddy field is ≥ 5 cm to ensure that the water layer can stably penetrate into the bucket (1).

Images