Building structure durability test method considering sand storm-acid rain comprehensive erosion

Abstract

The invention discloses a building structure durability test method considering dust storm-acid rain comprehensive erosion, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: fixing a building structure test piece infected with an acid rain solution in a closed container, adding dust particles into the closed container, and then adding the dust particles into the closed container; controlling the closed container to rotate to generate rotational flow with sand and dust particles to simulate a sand storm to act on the building structure test piece, stopping after a period of time, detecting the erosion degree of the building structure test piece, and obtaining the durability of the building structure test piece under the sand storm-acid rain comprehensive erosion effect. The device can simulate and test the co-erosion effect of sand storm and acid rain on the building structure, and has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, easiness in operation, sanitary and clean field environment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building safety testing, and particularly relates to a durability test method for building structures considering the combined erosion of sandstorms and acid rain. Background Art

[0002] Building structures are exposed to the sun, rain, and wind in the air and are eroded by sandstorms, which can lead to the aging of the building wall structures. Especially in areas prone to sandstorms and acid rain, the erosion and aging of buildings are becoming more and more serious. In areas prone to sandstorms, sand and dust weather has a huge impact on buildings. Under the entrainment of strong winds, sand and dust particles are like countless tiny "sandpapers", constantly rubbing and hitting the building surface. Over time, the appearance of the building will become mottled. For some old buildings in areas with frequent sandstorms, the wall coatings are worn off, which not only affects the aesthetics but also greatly reduces the protection ability of the building. In addition, sandstorms and acid rain sometimes coexist. When both exist, the erosion damage to building structures will show a compound growth. Therefore, how to detect and evaluate the degree of erosion damage of the two to building structures is of great significance for building safety assessment.

[0003] In the prior art, there are some existing patented technologies for evaluating acid rain erosion, such as a test method for evaluating the erosion damage of acid rain to asphalt mixtures disclosed in CN201310487342.6, a test instrument for evaluating the erosion damage of acid rain to asphalt mixtures disclosed in CN201320640528.6, an acid rain erosion concrete test device disclosed in CN202222332795.9, etc. There are also some patented technologies for evaluating wind erosion, such as a closed-type wire sand and dust erosion simulation test device and its test method disclosed in CN201610066582.2, and an erosion test device for engineering materials under a sand and dust environment disclosed in CN201921191894.1. However, there is no method in the prior art that can evaluate the influence of the combined action of acid rain erosion and wind and sand erosion on building structures. Moreover, in the prior art, for the simulation of wind and sand erosion, similar methods such as wind tunnels or air ducts are used to blow air to form airflows and then add sand and dust particles for testing, which is relatively inconvenient to operate and easily affects environmental hygiene. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a durability test method for building structures considering the combined erosion of sandstorms and acid rain, so that it can simulate and test the combined erosion effect of sandstorms and acid rain on building structures, and make it simple, convenient, easy to operate, and the on-site environmental hygiene is clean.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A building structure durability test method considering the combined erosion of sandstorm and acid rain is characterized in that a building structure specimen contaminated with an acid rain solution is fixed in a closed container, and after adding sand and dust particles into the closed container, the closed container is controlled to rotate to generate a vortex entraining the sand and dust particles to simulate the action of a sandstorm on the building structure specimen, and the rotation is stopped after a period of time, and the degree of erosion of the building structure specimen is detected to obtain its durability under the combined erosion of sandstorm and acid rain.

[0006] In this way, the method can simulate and test the joint erosion effect of sandstorms and acid rain on building structures, and better evaluate the safety of buildings. Moreover, the effect of sandstorms is controlled in a closed container, and the on-site environment is clean and sanitary.

[0007] Furthermore, the method is implemented by using a building structure durability test device, which includes a support frame, a test container is rotatably installed at the lower part of the support frame, a clamping platform is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test container, a clamping mechanism for clamping the building structure specimen is arranged on the clamping platform, a rotating motor is also arranged on the support frame and is transmission-connected to the test container, a matching end cover is arranged at the upper end of the inner cavity of the test container, a spray device is also arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the end cover, and the spray device is connected to the acid rain solution container through an external pipeline.

[0008] In this way, during the test, the end cover is opened, the building structure specimen to be tested is clamped and fixed on the clamping table, a certain amount of sand and gravel is loaded into the test container, and then the end cover is closed. The spray device is opened to spray the acid rain solution onto the building structure specimen, and then the test container is driven to rotate by the rotating motor, and its rotation speed can be determined according to the actual sandstorm wind speed in the test area. When the test container rotates, a vortex is generated to roll the sand and gravel to form a sandstorm effect. The sandstorm and the building structure specimen are rubbed and hit until the test time ends and then stop. The end cover is opened, the building structure specimen is taken out, and the degree of erosion of the building structure specimen is detected to obtain its durability under the combined erosion of sandstorm and acid rain. Therefore, the equipment can simulate and test the joint erosion effect of sandstorm and acid rain on the building structure, and the operation is simple and convenient, and the on-site environment is clean and hygienic.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting platform is provided in the middle of the lower end of the support frame, the lower end of the clamping platform in the inner cavity of the test container passes through the test container through a downward fixed shaft and is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform, and the lower end of the test container is rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft through a thrust bearing.

[0010] In this way, when the test container rotates, the clamping table and the building structure specimen thereon can remain stationary, better simulating the actual scene of the building structure being eroded by sandstorms, and better improving the friction, impact and erosion effect of sandstorms on the building structure specimens.

[0011] Further, a passive gear is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the position along the axis of the lower end surface of the test container. The rotating motor is vertically upwardly installed at the lower part of the installation platform, and an active gear is arranged on the main shaft of the rotating motor and meshes with the passive gear.

[0012] In this way, it has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable transmission.

[0013] Further, the clamping mechanism includes two fixing plates vertically upwardly arranged at both ends of the clamping table. A screw rod is horizontally and threadedly matched and penetrated through the two fixing plates relatively. A clamping piece is arranged at the inner end of the screw rod.

[0014] In this way, the building structure specimen to be tested is clamped between the two clamping pieces, and then the screw rod is rotated and tightened to achieve tight clamping. The structure is simple and the clamping is reliable.

[0015] Further, the spraying device includes a spraying pipe horizontally arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the end cover. Nozzles are evenly and spacedly installed at the lower end of the spraying pipe. A fixing pipe is vertically and fixedly connected upward at the upper end of the spraying pipe. The upper end of the fixing pipe is relatively fixed on the support frame. The middle part of the end cover is slidably sleeved on the fixing pipe through a sliding bearing. The upper end of the fixing pipe is connected to the acid rain solution container through an external pipeline.

[0016] In this way, when the end cover rotates with the test container, the spraying device remains stationary. It can better ensure the stability and reliability of the rotation of the test container.

[0017] Further, the upper end of the fixing pipe is connected to the external pipeline through a boosting adapter. In this way, it can better boost the pressure and ensure the spraying effect of the nozzle.

[0018] Further, the external pipeline includes an external main pipeline vertically fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing pipe. The upper end of the external main pipeline is bifurcated and connected with two external branch pipelines. One external branch pipeline is connected to a clear water container, and the other external branch pipeline is connected to the acid rain solution container. Pumps and flow regulating valves are respectively installed on the two external branch pipelines.

[0019] In this way, the ratio of the acid rain solution to the clear water can be adjusted according to needs, and the acid concentration of the acid rain can be adjusted and controlled to better meet the test requirements.

[0020] Further, it further includes a control center, which is connected to the pump, the flow regulating valve and the rotating motor.

[0021] In this way, better control and automatic adjustment can be achieved. During implementation, the control center is built-in with an automatic adjustment module, which is used to gradually reduce the flow ratio of the external branch pipes connected to the acid rain solution container and the external branch pipes connected to the clean water container as the test progresses. This can simulate the rainfall process in which the acid content gradually decreases during the actual acid rain, and better improve the accuracy of the simulation test.

[0022] Furthermore, a circular arc-shaped baffle that bends and extends inward and downward is provided at a position on the outer side of the lower surface of the end cover, and the spraying device is located above the middle empty area of the circular arc-shaped baffle.

[0023] In this way, the circular arc-shaped baffle can guide the upward sand and dust to flow downward, and to the greatest extent avoid the sand and dust from contacting the nozzle and causing damage and blockage.

[0024] Furthermore, a circle of swirl protrusions arranged radially is evenly provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test container around the clamping table.

[0025] The swirl protrusions arranged in this way can drive an outward air flow to be generated below the inside of the test container when rotating. This air flow flows upward along the inner side wall of the test container to the upper part, and then is guided to flow downward and concentratedly impact on the building structure specimen under the action of the end cover and the circular arc-shaped baffle. Therefore, a circulating flow of inside and outside, up and down can be formed on both sides inside the test container. This can better improve the test effect of the sandstorm impact erosion on the building structure specimen, and at the same time protect the upper spraying device from erosion.

[0026] Furthermore, inclined upward guide vanes are evenly arranged around the inner cavity of the test container. The guide vanes can further assist in achieving the circulating flow effect of the above-mentioned air flow, and at the same time make the air flow generate a certain self-rotation effect in the circumferential direction while circulating inside and outside, better improving the chaos degree of the sand and gravel hitting on the building structure specimen, and better improving the authenticity of the simulated sandstorm erosion.

[0027] In summary, the present invention can simulate and test the combined erosion effect of sandstorms and acid rain on building structures, and has the advantages of being simple, convenient, easy to operate, and having a clean on-site environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the building structure durability test equipment adopted during the implementation of the present invention. The arrows in the figure indicate the air flow circulation path.

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the separate test container part in DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes and accompanying drawings.

[0031] Best implementation method: A building structure durability test method taking into account the combined erosion of sandstorms and acid rain, which is characterized in that a building structure specimen contaminated with an acid rain solution is fixed in a closed container, and after adding sand and dust particles into the closed container, the closed container is controlled to rotate to generate a vortex with sand and dust particles to simulate the action of a sandstorm on the building structure specimen, and the rotation is stopped after a period of time. The degree of erosion of the building structure specimen is detected to obtain its durability under the combined erosion of sandstorms and acid rain.

[0032] In this way, the method can simulate and test the joint erosion effect of sandstorms and acid rain on building structures, and better evaluate the safety of buildings. Moreover, the effect of sandstorms is controlled in a closed container, and the on-site environment is clean and sanitary.

[0033] In this embodiment, the method is implemented using a building structure durability test device, see Figure 1-2 As shown, the building structure durability test equipment comprises a support frame 1, a test container 2 is rotatably installed at the lower part of the support frame 1, a clamping platform 3 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test container 2, a clamping mechanism 8 for clamping the building structure specimen is arranged on the clamping platform 3, a rotating motor 4 is also arranged on the support frame and is transmission-connected with the test container 2, a matching end cover 5 is arranged at the upper end of the inner cavity of the test container 2, a spray device 6 is also arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the end cover 5, and the spray device is connected to the acid rain solution container 7 through an external pipeline.

[0034] In this way, during the test, the end cover is opened, the building structure specimen to be tested is clamped and fixed on the clamping table, a certain amount of sand and gravel is loaded into the test container, and then the end cover is closed. The spray device is opened to spray the acid rain solution onto the building structure specimen, and then the test container is driven to rotate by the rotating motor, and its rotation speed can be determined according to the actual sandstorm wind speed in the test area. When the test container rotates, a vortex is generated to roll the sand and gravel to form a wind and sand effect. The wind and sand rub and hit the building structure specimen until the test time ends and then stop. The end cover is opened, the building structure specimen is taken out, and the degree of erosion of the building structure specimen is detected to obtain its durability under the combined erosion of sandstorm and acid rain. Therefore, the equipment can simulate the joint erosion effect of wind and sand and acid rain on the building structure, and the operation is simple and convenient, and the on-site environment is clean and hygienic.

[0035] During implementation, a locking mechanism is also provided between the end cover and the test container for locking and fixing the end cover during the test. The locking mechanism is a mature existing device and is not shown in the figure.

[0036] Among them, an installation platform 9 is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the support frame 1. The lower end of the clamping table 3 in the inner cavity of the test container passes through the test container 2 downward through a fixed shaft and is fixedly installed on the installation platform 9. The lower end of the test container 2 is rotatably installed on the fixed shaft through a thrust bearing.

[0037] In this way, when the test container rotates, the clamping table and the building structure specimen on it can remain stationary, better simulating the actual scenario of the building structure being eroded by sandstorms, and better improving the friction and impact erosion effect of sandstorms on the building structure specimen.

[0038] Among them, a passive gear 10 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the position along the axis on the lower end surface of the test container 2. The rotating motor 4 is vertically upward installed at the lower part of the installation platform, and an active gear 11 is arranged on the main shaft of the rotating motor and meshes with the passive gear 10.

[0039] In this way, it has the characteristics of simple structure and stable and reliable transmission.

[0040] Among them, the clamping mechanism 8 includes two fixing plates vertically arranged upward at both ends of the clamping table. A screw rod is horizontally and threadedly matched and penetrated through the two fixing plates relatively. A clamping piece is arranged at the inner end of the screw rod.

[0041] In this way, the building structure specimen to be tested is clamped between the two clamping pieces, and then the screw rod is rotated and tightened to achieve tight clamping. The structure is simple and the clamping is reliable.

[0042] Among them, the spraying device 6 includes a spraying pipe horizontally arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the end cover. Nozzles are evenly spaced and installed at the lower end of the spraying pipe. A fixing pipe 12 is vertically and fixedly connected upward at the upper end of the spraying pipe. The upper end of the fixing pipe 12 is relatively fixed on the support frame. The middle part of the end cover 5 is sleeved on the fixing pipe 12 through a sliding bearing and can slide up and down. The upper end of the fixing pipe 12 is connected to the acid rain solution container 7 through an external pipeline.

[0043] In this way, when the end cover rotates with the test container, the spraying device remains stationary. It can better ensure the stability and reliability of the rotation of the test container.

[0044] Among them, the upper end of the fixing pipe 12 is connected to the external pipeline through a pressurizing adapter 13. In this way, better pressurization can be achieved to ensure the spraying effect of the nozzle.

[0045] Among them, the external pipeline includes an external main pipeline vertically fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing pipe. The upper end of the external main pipeline is bifurcated and connected with two external branch pipelines. One external branch pipeline is connected to a clean water container 14, and the other external branch pipeline is connected to the acid rain solution container 7. Pumps 15 and flow regulating valves 16 are respectively installed on the two external branch pipelines.

[0046] In this way, the ratio of the acid rain solution to the clear water can be adjusted as needed to achieve the adjustment and control of the acid concentration in the acid rain, so as to better meet the test requirements.

[0047] Among them, it also includes a control center 17, and the control center 17 is connected to the pump 15, the flow regulating valve 16 and the rotating motor 4.

[0048] In this way, better control and automatic adjustment can be achieved. During implementation, the control center is built-in with an automatic adjustment module, and the automatic adjustment module is used to gradually reduce the flow ratio of the external branch pipe connected to the acid rain solution container and the external branch pipe connected to the clear water container as the test progresses. This can simulate the rainfall process in which the acid content gradually decreases during the actual acid rain actual rainfall process, and better improve the accuracy of the simulation test.

[0049] Among them, at the outer position of the lower surface of the end cover 5, there is a circular arc-shaped baffle 18 that bends and extends inward and downward, and the spraying device 6 is located above the middle empty area of the arc-shaped baffle 18.

[0050] In this way, the arc-shaped baffle can guide the upward sand and dust to flow downward, and to the greatest extent avoid the sand and dust from contacting the nozzle and causing damage and blockage.

[0051] Among them, a circular ring of swirl protrusions 19 arranged radially is evenly provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test container around the clamping table.

[0052] The swirl protrusions arranged in this way can drive an outward air flow to be generated below the inside of the test container when rotating. This air flow flows upward along the inner side wall of the test container to the upper part, and then is guided to flow downward and concentratedly impact on the building structure specimen through the action of the end cover and the arc-shaped baffle. Therefore, a circulating flow of inside and outside, up and down can be formed on both sides inside the test container. This can better improve the sandstorm impact erosion test effect on the building structure specimen, and at the same time protect the upper spraying device from erosion.

[0053] Among them, obliquely upward guide vanes 20 are evenly arranged around the inner cavity of the test container. The guide vanes can further assist in realizing the circulating flow effect of the above-mentioned air flow, and at the same time make the air flow generate a certain self-rotation effect in the circumferential direction while circulating inside and outside, better improving the chaos degree of the sand and gravel hitting the building structure specimen, and better improving the authenticity of simulating sandstorm erosion. In addition, during implementation, the upper end port of the test container is obliquely arranged outward, which can better ensure the realization of the above-mentioned air flow circulation effect.

Claims

1. A durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain, characterized in that, Fix the building structure specimen contaminated with acid rain solution in a closed container. After adding sand dust particles into the closed container, control the rotation of the closed container to generate a swirling flow with sand dust particles to simulate the effect of sandstorm on the building structure specimen. Stop after a period of time and detect the erosion degree of the building structure specimen to obtain its durability under the combined erosion of sandstorm and acid rain.

2. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 1, characterized in that This method is implemented by using a building structure durability test device. The building structure durability test device includes a support frame. A test container is rotatably installed at the lower part of the support frame. A clamping table is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test container. A clamping mechanism for clamping the building structure specimen is arranged on the clamping table. A rotating motor is also arranged on the support frame and is connected to the test container. A matching end cover is arranged at the upper end of the inner cavity of the test container. A spraying device is also arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the end cover. The spraying device is connected to an acid rain solution container through an external pipeline.

3. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 2, characterized in that, An installation platform is arranged at the middle of the lower end of the support frame. The lower end of the clamping table in the inner cavity of the test container passes through the test container through a downward fixed shaft and is fixedly installed on the installation platform. The lower end of the test container is rotatably installed on the fixed shaft through a thrust bearing.

4. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 3, characterized in that, A passive gear is horizontally and fixedly arranged along the axis at the lower surface of the lower end of the test container. The rotating motor is vertically installed at the lower part of the installation platform. A driving gear is arranged on the main shaft of the rotating motor and meshes with the passive gear.

5. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 2, characterized in that The clamping mechanism includes two fixing plates vertically arranged at both ends of the clamping table. A screw rod is horizontally and threadedly fitted through the two fixing plates relatively. A clamping piece is arranged at the inner end of the screw rod.

6. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spraying device includes a spraying pipe horizontally arranged at the middle position of the lower surface of the end cover. Nozzles are evenly spaced and installed at the lower end of the spraying pipe. A fixing pipe is vertically and fixedly connected upward at the upper end of the spraying pipe. The upper end of the fixing pipe is relatively fixed on the support frame. The middle part of the end cover is sleeved on the fixing pipe through a sliding bearing and can slide up and down. The upper end of the fixing pipe is connected to an acid rain solution container through an external pipeline.

7. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper end of the fixing pipe is connected to the external pipeline through a boosting adapter.

8. The durability test method of building structure considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorm and acid rain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The external pipeline includes an external main pipeline vertically and fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing pipe. The upper end of the external main pipeline is bifurcated and connected with two external branch pipelines. One external branch pipeline is connected to a clear water container, and the other external branch pipeline is connected to the acid rain solution container. Pumps and flow regulating valves are respectively installed on the two external branch pipelines.

9. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a control center, which is connected to the pump, the flow regulating valve and the rotating motor.

10. The durability test method for building structures considering the comprehensive erosion of sandstorms and acid rain according to claim 3, characterized in that, An arc-shaped baffle bending and extending inward and downward is arranged at the outer position of the lower surface of the end cover. The spraying device is located above the middle empty area of the arc-shaped baffle; A circle of swirling protrusions arranged radially is evenly arranged at the peripheral position of the clamping table at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test container; Diagonal upward guide vanes are evenly arranged around the inner cavity of the test container.

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