Device for testing fusion reactor double-layer sealing ring performance and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for testing the performance of a fusion reactor double-layer sealing ring and an application method of the device. A vacuum chamber is in sealed connection with a flange assembly through the double-layer sealing ring, and a sealing groove matched with the double-layer sealing ring is formed in the flange assembly; the gas hood is circumferentially connected with the outer wall of the flange assembly, and the gas hood and the outer wall of the flange assembly form a closed gas hood inner cavity; the gas control system is used for conveying detection gas into the vacuum chamber or the double-layer sealing ring; the vacuumizing system is used for vacuumizing the vacuum chamber, the double-layer sealing ring and the inner cavity of the gas hood to a vacuum environment; the double-layer sealing ring comprises a main sealing ring and an auxiliary side sealing ring fixedly connected with the main sealing ring; the auxiliary side sealing ring is positioned outside the main sealing ring; the first leak detection device and the second leak detection device are used for detecting the leak rate of the double-layer sealing ring in the forward direction or the reverse direction. According to the invention, through simulating the nuclear fusion device, forward and reverse leak detection is carried out on the double-layer sealing ring, and the forward and reverse leak detection share one set of device, so that the forward leak detection can be converted to the reverse leak detection more quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of materials science and engineering, and particularly relates to a device for testing the performance of double-layer sealing rings of fusion reactors and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fusion devices need to operate in a high-vacuum environment to ensure plasma stability and guarantee the long-term effective operation of the devices. Double-layer sealing rings have better sealing performance, which is very important for maintaining a high vacuum in fusion devices. Fusion devices involve corrosive gases such as lithium vapor and temperature differences inside the devices, posing higher requirements for the reliability and sealing performance of double-layer sealing rings. The internal space of the fusion toroidal vacuum chamber (tokamak device) is relatively large, and it is time-consuming and laborious to pump it to the required vacuum degree for testing. Therefore, it is difficult to detect leaks in the sealing rings by evacuating the toroidal vacuum chamber.

[0003] Grant Publication Number: CN 118391524B, Application Date: June 26, 2024, Invention Title: Flange Sealing Structure Based on Double-Stage Metal Sealing Rings and Leak Detection Method Thereof. This invention relates to the technical field of sealed connections of fusion tritium pipelines, and discloses a flange sealing structure based on double-stage metal sealing rings and a leak detection method thereof, including a sealing housing, an outer support elastic member, and an inner support elastic member. The sealing housing includes an outer sealing ring, an inner sealing ring, and a fixed connection section. An outer support elastic member is installed inside the outer sealing ring, and an inner support elastic member is installed inside the inner sealing ring. The outer sealing ring is respectively provided with a first outer sealing surface and a second outer sealing surface, and the inner sealing ring is respectively provided with a first inner sealing surface and a second inner sealing surface. One end of the fixed connection section is a fixed end one, and the other end is a fixed end two. The fixed end one is connected to the outer sealing ring, and the fixed end two is connected to the inner sealing ring. The fixed connection section is provided with a first fixing hole. The flange sealing structure based on double-stage metal sealing rings and the leak detection method thereof of this invention meet the secondary containment principle and reduce the installation difficulty in non-horizontal scenarios.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned prior art discloses double-stage metal sealing rings, the leak detection method for them is relatively crude, and there is no lithium corrosion test and high-temperature resistance test for double-stage metal sealing rings during nuclear fusion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects such as the crude leak detection method in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for performing forward and reverse leak detection on double-layer sealing rings and capable of performing corrosion resistance and high-temperature resistance detection, and an application method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A device for testing the performance of double-layer sealing rings of fusion reactors includes

[0008] A vacuum chamber, which is hermetically connected to a flange assembly through a double-layer sealing ring, and a sealing groove adapted to the double-layer sealing ring is provided in the flange assembly;

[0009] An air hood, which is circumferentially connected to the outer wall of the flange assembly and forms a closed air hood inner cavity with the outer wall of the flange assembly;

[0010] A gas control system, which is used to transport a detection gas into the vacuum chamber or the double-layer sealing ring;

[0011] A vacuum pumping system, which is used to pump the vacuum chamber, the double-layer sealing ring and the air hood inner cavity to a vacuum environment;

[0012] A first leak detection device, which is connected to the vacuum chamber, the double-layer sealing ring and the air hood through pipelines;

[0013] A second leak detection device, which is connected to the vacuum pumping system through a pipeline;

[0014] Wherein, the double-layer sealing ring includes a main sealing ring and an auxiliary side sealing ring fixedly connected to the main sealing ring; the auxiliary side sealing ring is located outside the main sealing ring;

[0015] The first leak detection device and the second leak detection device are used to detect the leak rate of the double-layer sealing ring in the forward or reverse direction.

[0016] Further, it further includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline;

[0017] Wherein, the output end of the first pipeline is connected to the gas control system, and the input end is connected to the main pipeline. The main pipeline is used to transport the detection gas into the vacuum chamber, and a first valve is provided on the first pipeline;

[0018] One end of the second pipeline is communicated with the double-layer sealing ring, and the other end is connected to the first pipeline. The connection point is located downstream of the first valve, and a second valve is provided on the second pipeline;

[0019] The output end of the third pipeline is communicated with the air hood inner cavity, and the input end is connected to the first pipeline. The connection point is located downstream of the first valve, and a third valve is provided on the third pipeline.

[0020] Further, the input end of the first leak detection pipeline is connected to the main pipeline, and the output end is connected to the first leak detection device; a fourth valve is provided on the first leak detection pipeline.

[0021] Further, a gate valve is provided on the main pipeline, and the gate valve is used to cut off or open the channel for the detection gas to enter the vacuum chamber.

[0022] Further, the vacuum pumping system is connected to the main pipeline through an air extraction pipeline, and a fifth valve is provided on the air extraction pipeline;

[0023] The second leak detection device is connected to the air extraction pipeline through the second leak detection pipeline.

[0024] Further, the vacuum pumping system includes a first vacuum pump and a second vacuum pump;

[0025] The air extraction pipeline comprises a first air extraction pipeline and a second air extraction pipeline;

[0026] Wherein, one end of the first air extraction pipeline is connected to the main pipeline, and the other end is connected to the first vacuum pump, and the fifth valve is used to control the on-off of the first air extraction pipeline;

[0027] The first vacuum pump is connected to the second vacuum pump via a second air extraction pipeline;

[0028] The second leak detection device is connected to the second air extraction pipeline through a second leak detection pipeline, and a sixth valve is provided on the second leak detection pipeline.

[0029] Further, the flange assembly includes a first flange and a second flange butted against the first flange;

[0030] Wherein, the second flange is circumferentially connected to the outer wall of the vacuum chamber;

[0031] The first flange includes a first surface relatively far from the second flange and a second surface relatively close to the second flange along the thickness direction; a sealing groove is provided on the second surface; and a through hole for the main pipeline to pass through is provided on the first flange.

[0032] Furthermore, the sealing groove is coaxial with the first flange, and the radius of the sealing groove is greater than the outer diameter of the vacuum chamber.

[0033] Further, the second flange includes a third surface and a fourth surface along the thickness direction; wherein the third surface is opposite to the second surface;

[0034] The double-layer sealing ring abuts against the sealing groove and the third surface at the same time.

[0035] Furthermore, a crucible is provided in the vacuum chamber, and the crucible is used to place lithium blocks;

[0036] The outer wall of the crucible is provided with a first heating part, and the first heating part is used to heat the crucible to vaporize and evaporate the lithium block.

[0037] Furthermore, a second heating part is provided on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber, and the second heating part is used to heat the vacuum chamber so that the inner cavity thereof is heated to a test temperature.

[0038] A method for applying a device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor, including the described device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor. When detecting the leakage rate of the main sealing ring in the forward direction, remove the gas hood and close the third valve;

[0039] After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber and the double-layer sealing ring to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve, the second valve, the gate valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve;

[0040] Open the first valve and the second valve, and the gas control system injects the detection gas into the double-layer sealing ring;

[0041] When the pressure in the double-layer sealing ring is greater than 2×10 4 Pa, close the first valve and the second valve;

[0042] Open the fifth valve and the sixth valve, and the detection gas leaking from the main sealing ring is led to the second leak detection device;

[0043] The second leak detection device is used to detect the leakage rate of the main sealing ring.

[0044] Further, when detecting the leakage rate of the auxiliary side sealing ring in the forward direction, remove the gas hood and close the third valve;

[0045] After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber and the double-layer sealing ring to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve, the second valve, the gate valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve;

[0046] Blow the detection gas along the butt joint gap of the second surface and the third surface;

[0047] Open the second valve and the fourth valve, and the detection gas leaking from the auxiliary side sealing ring sequentially passes through the second pipeline and the first leak detection pipeline and is led to the first leak detection device;

[0048] The first leak detection device is used to detect the leakage rate of the auxiliary side sealing ring.

[0049] Further, the first vacuum condition includes a vacuum degree of about 10 -5 Pa in the vacuum chamber and a vacuum degree of about 50 Pa in the double-layer sealing ring.

[0050] Further, when simultaneously detecting the leakage rates of the main sealing ring and the auxiliary side sealing ring in the forward direction, remove the gas hood and close the third valve;

[0051] After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber and the double-layer sealing ring to the second vacuum condition, close the first valve, the second valve, the gate valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve;

[0052] Blow the detection gas along the docking gaps on the second surface and the third surface;

[0053] Open the fifth valve and the sixth valve, and the detection gas leaking from the double-layer sealing ring is led to the second leak detection device;

[0054] The first leak detection device is used to detect the leakage rates of the main sealing ring and the auxiliary side sealing ring.

[0055] Further, the second vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber is about 10 -5 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the double-layer sealing ring is about 10 3 Pa to 2×10 4 Pa.

[0056] Further, when performing the lithium corrosion test on the double-layer sealing ring, after the vacuum pumping system pumps the inside of the vacuum chamber, the inside of the double-layer sealing ring, and the inner cavity of the gas hood to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve, the second valve, the gate valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve;

[0057] The first heating part heats the crucible to the test temperature and maintains it, and the test temperature causes the lithium block to vaporize and evaporate;

[0058] Once again, the vacuum pumping system pumps the inside of the vacuum chamber, the inside of the double-layer sealing ring, and the inner cavity of the gas hood to the first vacuum condition, and then the leakage rate of the double-layer sealing ring is detected in the forward or reverse direction.

[0059] Further, during the process of the first heating part heating the crucible to the test temperature and maintaining it, the second heating part heats the vacuum chamber to make the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber reach the required temperature.

[0060] Adopting the technical solution provided by the present invention, compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] (1) By simulating a nuclear fusion device, the present invention performs forward and reverse leak detections on the double-layer sealing ring, and the detection method is scientific and rigorous; the forward and reverse leak detections share a set of devices, saving the equipment preparation and debugging time. It can switch from forward leak detection to reverse leak detection more quickly.

[0062] (2) By arranging a crucible in the vacuum chamber and heating the crucible through the first heating part, the present invention makes the lithium block placed in the crucible vaporize and evaporate, thereby realizing the lithium corrosion performance test on the double-layer sealing ring.

[0063] (3) By arranging a second heating part on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber, the second heating part makes the inside of the vacuum chamber reach the test required temperature, and the second heating part and the first heating part can work simultaneously to simulate the working state of the double-layer sealing ring under actual working conditions, and realize the simultaneous detection of the corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of the double-layer sealing ring. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0064] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the leak detection process for a double-layer sealing ring in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the corrosion resistance and high-temperature resistance detection process for a double-layer sealing ring in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the position of the gas control system and the leak detection device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the main pipeline structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the vacuum chamber structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the first flange structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the air hood structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the double-layer sealing ring structure in an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Explanation of the reference numerals in the schematic diagram:

[0074] Vacuum chamber 1; main pipeline 10, gate valve 101; first pipeline 11, first valve 111; second pipeline 12, second valve 121; third pipeline 13, third valve 131; first leak detection pipeline 14, fourth valve 141; extraction pipeline 15, fifth valve 151, first extraction pipeline 152, second extraction pipeline 153; second leak detection pipeline 16, sixth valve 161; first flange 17, second flange 18;

[0075] Double-layer sealing ring 2, main sealing ring 21, auxiliary side sealing ring 22;

[0076] Air hood 3, inner cavity of the air hood 31;

[0077] First leak detection device 4;

[0078] Second leak detection device 5;

[0079] Sealing groove 6;

[0080] First vacuum pump 71, second vacuum pump 72;

[0081] Crucible 8, first heating unit 81, lithium block 82;

[0082] Second heating unit 9. Detailed implementation mode

[0083] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0084] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have technical substance significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the efficacy that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed by the present invention can cover. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear narration and are not used to limit the scope of implementation. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope that the present invention can implement.

[0085] The principle of nuclear fusion is to use light atomic nuclei to overcome the Coulomb repulsion between them at extremely high temperatures and pressures, so that they can approach and merge into a new, heavier atomic nucleus, and a large amount of energy will be released in this process.

[0086] Tokamak devices play a crucial role in achieving nuclear fusion. The center of a Tokamak device is a toroidal vacuum chamber. The sealing ring is used to seal the vacuum chamber to prevent gas leakage and maintain a high-vacuum environment inside the vacuum chamber, ensuring that the plasma is confined and heated in a stable environment to achieve nuclear fusion reactions. If the sealing ring fails and outside air enters the vacuum chamber, it will disrupt the confinement of the plasma, resulting in the inability to carry out nuclear fusion reactions, and may also damage the components inside the device.

[0087] When a Tokamak device is operating, the internal temperature is extremely high. The sealing ring material needs to be able to withstand high temperatures. At the same time, the sealing ring should be able to resist the erosion of various particles and chemical substances in the plasma, as well as the influence of corrosive gases that may be generated during the operation of the device. Therefore, leak detection of the sealing ring is an essential task.

[0088] With the development of fusion reactors, in Tokamak devices, using a double-layer sealing ring has its unique advantages. Compared with a single-layer sealing ring, it can more effectively prevent gas leakage. Even if there is a tiny leakage channel in one of the sealing rings, the other layer can still play a sealing role, thus greatly reducing the overall leakage risk and better maintaining the high-vacuum environment inside the vacuum chamber to ensure the stable progress of nuclear fusion reactions.

[0089] When the performance of one layer of the sealing ring deteriorates due to aging, wear, temperature change or other factors, the other layer of the sealing ring can be used as a backup to continue maintaining the sealing function, increasing the reliability and stability of the sealing system and reducing equipment failures and safety hazards caused by the failure of the sealing ring.

[0090] In addition, if one layer of the double-layer sealing ring leaks, through the forward or reverse leak detection method, it is easier to determine which layer the leak occurs in, so as to perform repairs or replacements more targeted and improve the efficiency of troubleshooting and repair.

[0091] However, it is costly, time-consuming and laborious to perform leak detection through a real Tokamak device.

[0092] Embodiment 1

[0093] A device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor in this application simulates a Tokamak device and performs forward or reverse leak detection on the double-layer sealing ring.

[0094] Forward leak detection: Use a spray gun to blow helium gas at the suspected leak location of the sealing ring. If the leak detector detects a helium gas signal, it indicates that there is a leak at this location.

[0095] Reverse leak detection: Briefly, install the sealing ring to be detected in a simulated vacuum chamber, fill a certain pressure of helium gas into the vacuum chamber or the double-layer sealing ring, so that the helium gas penetrates into the possible leak locations. Then use a calibrated helium mass spectrometer leak detector for detection. If a helium gas signal is detected, it indicates that there is a leak in the double-layer sealing ring.

[0096] A device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor in this application includes a vacuum chamber 1, a double-layer sealing ring 2, a gas hood 3, a gas control system, a vacuum pumping system, a first leak detection device 4, a second leak detection device 5, etc.

[0097] Among them, the vacuum chamber 1 is hermetically connected to the flange assembly through a double-layer sealing ring. A sealing groove 6 adapted to the double-layer sealing ring 2 is provided in the flange assembly. It is worth noting that the vacuum chamber 1 is constructed to simulate the toroidal vacuum chamber in a Tokamak device.

[0098] A crucible 8 is provided in the vacuum chamber 1. The crucible 8 is used to place a lithium block 82. A first heating part 81 is provided on the outer wall of the crucible 8. The first heating part 81 is used to heat the crucible to vaporize and evaporate the lithium block 82. The first heating part 81 preferably uses a sheathed heating wire, and the sheathed heating wire is wound in a circular manner. Starting from the starting position, it is tightly wound around the outer wall of the crucible 8 one by one.

[0099] The outer wall of the vacuum chamber 1 is provided with a second heating part 9, and the second heating part 9 is used to heat the vacuum chamber 1 so that its inner cavity reaches the test temperature. The second heating part 9 preferably uses a sheathed heating wire, and its winding method also adopts a circular winding method, tightly surrounding the outer wall of the vacuum chamber 1 circle by circle.

[0100] The gas hood 3 is arranged along the outer wall of the flange assembly and is detachably connected to the outer wall of the flange assembly. The gas hood 3 and the outer wall of the flange assembly form a closed gas hood inner cavity 31, and this gas hood inner cavity 31 is used for reverse leak detection.

[0101] More specifically, the flange assembly includes a first flange 17 and a second flange 18 that are butt-jointed with each other. The second flange 18 is preferably fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vacuum chamber 1. The first flange 17 includes a first surface and a second surface in the thickness direction, wherein the first surface faces away from the second flange 18, and the second surface faces the second flange 18.

[0102] A sealing groove 6 is provided on the second surface. The sealing groove 6 is adapted to the double-layer sealing ring 2. The sealing groove 6 is not only used for installing the double-layer sealing ring 2, but also used for initially limiting the double-layer sealing ring 2. The sealing groove 6 is preferably coaxial with the first flange 17, and the radius of the sealing groove 6 is greater than the outer diameter of the vacuum chamber 1.

[0103] The second flange 18 includes a third surface and a fourth surface in the thickness direction, wherein the third surface faces the second surface, the double-layer sealing ring 2 abuts against the sealing groove 6, and at the same time the double-layer sealing ring 2 also abuts against the third surface. It should be noted that the double-layer sealing ring 2 is preferably made of a flexible material, which can better adapt to the shape and minor deformation of the sealing surface, fill the gap between the sealing surfaces, so as to achieve a more reliable seal and reduce or even avoid gas leakage. For example, when the tokamak device is operating, due to factors such as thermal stress and mechanical stress, the parts of the device may undergo a certain degree of deformation, and the flexible sealing ring can maintain good sealing performance through its own deformation.

[0104] During the operation of the tokamak device, various vibrations and impacts will occur. The flexible double-layer sealing ring can play a role in shock absorption and buffering, reduce the influence of vibrations and impacts on the sealing system, and improve the stability and reliability of the sealing system. At the same time, it also helps to protect other components of the device and extend their service life.

[0105] Therefore, in this application, the double-layer sealing ring 2 is preferably in flexible contact with the sealing groove 6 and the third surface. The double-layer sealing ring 2 includes a main sealing ring 21 and an auxiliary side sealing ring 22, and the two are fixedly connected, and the auxiliary side sealing ring 22 is located outside the main sealing ring 21.

[0106] The gas control system is connected to the vacuum chamber 1 and the double-layer sealing ring 2 through pipelines, and is used to transport the detection gas into the vacuum chamber 1 or the double-layer sealing ring 2. The vacuum pumping system is connected to the vacuum chamber 1, the double-layer sealing ring 2 and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood through pipelines, and is used to pump the vacuum chamber 1, the double-layer sealing ring 2 and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood to a vacuum environment.

[0107] More specifically, the output end of the first pipeline 11 is connected to the gas control system, and the input end is connected to the main pipeline 10. The main pipeline 10 is used to transport the detection gas into the vacuum chamber 1. An isolation valve 101 is provided on the main pipeline 10, and the isolation valve 101 is used to open or cut off the passage of gas entering the vacuum chamber 1; a first valve 111 is provided on the first pipeline 11, and the first valve 111 is used to control the on-off of the first pipeline 11.

[0108] One end of the second pipeline 12 is communicated with the double-layer sealing ring 2, and the other end is connected to the first pipeline 11. The connection point is located downstream of the first valve 111. A second valve 121 is provided on the second pipeline 12, and the second valve 121 is used to control the on-off of the second pipeline 12.

[0109] The output end of the third pipeline 13 is communicated with the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood, and the input end is connected to the first pipeline 11. The connection point is located downstream of the first valve 111. A third valve 131 is provided on the third pipeline 13, and the third valve 131 is used to control the on-off of the third pipeline 13.

[0110] The output end of the first leak detection pipeline 14 is connected to the main pipeline 10, and the input end is connected to the first leak detection device 4. A fourth valve 141 is provided on the first leak detection pipeline 14, and the fourth valve 141 is used to control the on-off of the first leak detection pipeline 14.

[0111] The vacuum pumping system is connected to the main pipeline 10 through the pumping pipeline 15, and a fifth valve 151 is provided on the pumping pipeline 15. The second leak detection device 5 is connected to the pumping pipeline 15 through the second leak detection pipeline 16.

[0112] More specifically, the vacuum pumping system includes a first vacuum pump 71 and a second vacuum pump 72. The pumping pipeline 15 includes a first pumping pipeline 152 and a second pumping pipeline 153. Among them, one end of the first pumping pipeline 152 is communicated with the main pipeline 10, and the other end is communicated with the first vacuum pump. The fifth valve 151 is used to control the on-off of the first pumping pipeline 152.

[0113] The first vacuum pump 71 and the second vacuum pump 72 are connected through the second pumping pipeline 153. The second leak detection device 5 is connected to the second pumping pipeline 153 through the second leak detection pipeline 16, and a sixth valve 161 is provided on the second leak detection pipeline 16.

[0114] Embodiment 2

[0115] This embodiment describes the application method of the device based on Embodiment 1.

[0116] The method for reverse leak detection of the double-layer sealing ring 2 is as follows. It should be noted that when performing reverse leak detection on the double-layer sealing ring 2, the detection is mainly carried out through the first leak detection device 4.

[0117] Reverse detection of the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21:

[0118] S1: After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber 1, the double-layer sealing ring 2, and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood to the first vacuum condition, close the second valve 121, the third valve 131, the fourth valve 141, and the fifth valve 151;

[0119] S2: Open the first valve 111 and the gate valve 101 to connect the first pipeline 11 to the main pipeline 10, and the gas control system injects the detection gas into the vacuum chamber 1;

[0120] S3: When the pressure inside the vacuum chamber 1 is greater than 0.1 MPa, close the first valve 111 and the gate valve 101;

[0121] S4: Wait for a period of time to allow the detection gas to penetrate into the possible leakage sites. Open the second valve 121 and the fourth valve 141, and the gas leaking from the main sealing ring 21 is led to the first leak detection device 4 to detect the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21 through the first leak detection device 4.

[0122] It should be noted that the detection gas is preferably helium, and the waiting time is generally not less than 20 s. The specific time depends on the size and structure of the device. The first vacuum condition includes a vacuum degree of about 10 -5 Pa in the vacuum chamber 1, a vacuum degree of about 50 Pa in the double-layer sealing ring 2, and a vacuum degree of about 50 Pa in the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood.

[0123] When the gas leakage rate detected by the first leak detection device 4 is less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 / s, it indicates that the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21 is qualified; otherwise, the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21 is unqualified.

[0124] Reverse detection of the leakage rate of the auxiliary side sealing ring 22:

[0125] S1: After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber 1, the double-layer sealing ring 2, and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood to the first vacuum condition, close the gate valve 101, the third valve 131, the fourth valve 141, and the fifth valve 151;

[0126] S2: Open the first valve 111 and the second valve 121 to connect the first pipeline 11 to the second pipeline 12, and the gas control system injects the detection gas into the double-layer sealing ring 2;

[0127] S3: When the pressure inside the double-layer seal ring 2 is greater than 0.1 MPa, close the first valve 111 and the second valve 121;

[0128] S4: Wait for a period of time to allow the detection gas to penetrate into the parts where leakage may exist. Open the third valve 131 and the fourth valve 141. The gas leaking from the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 is led to the first leak detection device 4, and the leak rate of the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 is detected by the first leak detection device 4.

[0129] It should be noted that the detection gas is preferably helium. The waiting time is generally not less than 20 s, and the specific time depends on the size and structure of the device. The first vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 1 is about 10 -5 Pa, the vacuum degree in the double-layer seal ring 2 is about 50 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood is about 50 Pa.

[0130] When the gas leak rate detected by the first leak detection device 4 is less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 / s, it indicates that the leak rate of the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 is qualified; otherwise, the leak rate of the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 is unqualified.

[0131] At the same time, detect the leak rates of the main seal ring 21 and the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 in the reverse direction:

[0132] S1: After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber 1, the double-layer seal ring 2, and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood to the first vacuum condition, close the second valve 121, the third valve 131, the fourth valve 141, and the fifth valve 151;

[0133] S2: Open the gate valve 101 and the first valve 111 to connect the first pipeline 11 to the main pipeline 10, and the gas control system injects the detection gas into the vacuum chamber 1;

[0134] S3: When the pressure inside the double-layer seal ring 2 is greater than 0.1 MPa, close the gate valve 101 and the first valve 111;

[0135] S4: Wait for a period of time to allow the detection gas to penetrate into the parts where leakage may exist. Open the third valve 131 and the fourth valve 141. The gas leaking from the main seal ring 21 and the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 is led to the first leak detection device 4, and the leak rates of the main seal ring 21 and the auxiliary-side seal ring 22 are detected by the first leak detection device 4.

[0136] It should be noted that the detection gas is preferably helium. The waiting time is generally not less than 20 s, and the specific time depends on the size and structure of the device. The first vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 1 is about 10 -5 Pa, the vacuum degree in the double-layer seal ring 2 is about 50 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood is about 50 Pa.

[0137] When the gas leakage rate detected by the first leak detection device 4 is less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 / s, it indicates that the leakage rates of the main sealing ring 21 and the auxiliary side sealing ring 22 are qualified; otherwise, the leakage rates of the main sealing ring 21 and the auxiliary side sealing ring 22 are unqualified.

[0138] The forward leak detection method for the double-layer sealing ring 2 is as follows. It should be noted that when performing the forward leak detection of the double-layer sealing ring 2, the detection is carried out through the first leak detection device 4 and the second leak detection device 5. During the forward leak detection process, the first vacuum pump 71 and the second vacuum pump 72 do not stop working.

[0139] Forward detection of the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21:

[0140] S1: Remove the gas hood 3 and close the third valve 131. At this time, the third valve 131 is used as a plug to block the third pipeline 13;

[0141] S2: After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber 1 and the double-layer sealing ring 2 to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve 111, the second valve 121, the gate valve 101, the fourth valve 141, and the fifth valve 151;

[0142] S3: Open the first valve 111 and the second valve 121, and the gas control system injects the detection gas into the double-layer sealing ring 2;

[0143] S4: When the pressure in the double-layer sealing ring 2 is greater than 2×10 4 Pa, close the first valve 111 and the second valve 121;

[0144] S5: Open the fifth valve 151 and the sixth valve 161, and the detection gas leaking from the main sealing ring 21 is led to the second leak detection device 5; the second leak detection device 5 is used to detect the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21.

[0145] It should be noted that the detection gas is preferably helium, and the waiting time is generally not less than 20S. The specific time depends on the size and structure of the device. The first vacuum condition includes a vacuum degree of about 10 -5 Pa in the vacuum chamber 1 and a vacuum degree of about 50Pa in the double-layer sealing ring 2.

[0146] The injection into the double-layer sealing ring 2 stops after the pressure is greater than 2×10 4 Pa, in order to simulate the working state of the double-layer sealing ring under its actual working conditions.

[0147] When the gas leakage rate detected by the first leak detection device 5 is less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 / s, it indicates that the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21 is qualified; otherwise, the leakage rate of the main sealing ring 21 is unqualified.

[0148] Positive leakage rate detection of the auxiliary side seal ring 22:

[0149] S1: Remove the gas hood 3 and close the third valve 131. At this time, the third valve 131 is used as a plug to block the third pipeline 13;

[0150] S2: After the vacuum system pumps the vacuum chamber 1 and the double-layer seal ring 2 to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve 111, the second valve 121, the gate valve 101, the fourth valve 141 and the fifth valve 151;

[0151] S3: Blow the detection gas along the butt joint gap of the second surface and the third surface;

[0152] S4: Open the second valve 121 and the fourth valve 141. The second pipeline 12 is connected to the first leak detection pipeline 14, and the detection gas leaking from the auxiliary side seal ring 22 is led to the first leak detection device 4. The first leak detection device 4 is used to detect the leakage rate of the auxiliary side seal ring 22.

[0153] It should be noted that the detection gas is preferably helium, and the waiting time is generally not less than 20S. The specific time depends on the size and structure of the device. The first vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 1 is about 10 -5 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the double-layer seal ring 2 is about 50Pa.

[0154] When blowing, it is necessary to aim at the gap at the butt joint of the first flange 17 and the second flange 18. The distance between the nozzle and the gap is less than 3mm, and the stepping speed along the gap is less than 2cm / s. Blow around the gap of the first flange 17 or the second flange 18 for one circle to end.

[0155] When the gas leakage rate detected by the first leak detection device 4 is less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 / s, it indicates that the leakage rate of the auxiliary side seal ring 22 is qualified; otherwise, the leakage rate of the auxiliary side seal ring 22 is unqualified.

[0156] At the same time, positive leakage rate detection of the main seal ring 21 and the auxiliary side seal ring 22:

[0157] S1: Remove the gas hood 3 and close the third valve 131. At this time, the third valve 131 is used as a plug to block the third pipeline 13;

[0158] S2: After the vacuum system pumps the vacuum chamber 1 and the double-layer seal ring 2 to the second vacuum condition, close the first valve 111, the second valve 121, the gate valve 101, the fourth valve 141 and the fifth valve 151;

[0159] S3: Blow the detection gas along the butt joint gap of the second surface and the third surface;

[0160] S4: Open the fifth valve 151 and the sixth valve 161. The first air extraction pipeline 152 is connected to the second air extraction pipeline 153. The detection gas leaking from the upper sealing ring 2 is led to the second leak detection device 5. The first leak detection device 5 is used to detect the leak rates of the main sealing ring 21 and the auxiliary side sealing ring 22.

[0161] It should be noted that the detection gas is preferably helium, and the waiting time is generally not less than 20S. The specific time depends on the size and structure of the device. The second vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 1 is about 10 -5 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the double-layer sealing ring 2 is about 10 3 Pa to 2×10 4 Pa.

[0162] During the blowing, it is necessary to aim at the gap at the docking part of the first flange 17 and the second flange 18. The distance between the nozzle and the gap is less than 3mm, and the stepping speed along the gap is less than 2cm / s. After blowing around the gap of the first flange 17 or the second flange 18 for one circle, it ends.

[0163] When the gas leak rate detected by the second leak detection device 5 is less than 10 -9 Pa·m 3 / s, it indicates that the leak rates of the main sealing ring 21 and the auxiliary side sealing ring 22 are qualified; otherwise, the leak rates of the main sealing ring 21 and the auxiliary side sealing ring 22 are unqualified.

[0164] When performing the lithium corrosion test on the double-layer sealing ring 2, after the vacuum pumping system pumps the inside of the vacuum chamber 1, the inside of the double-layer sealing ring 2, and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve 111, the second valve 121, the gate valve 101, the fourth valve 141, and the fifth valve 151.

[0165] The first heating part 81 heats the crucible 8 to the test temperature and maintains it. The test temperature causes the lithium block 82 to vaporize and evaporate. The test temperature is preferably 300°C.

[0166] Wait for a period of time, and then use the vacuum pumping system to pump the inside of the vacuum chamber 1, the inside of the double-layer sealing ring 2, and the inner cavity 31 of the gas hood to the first or second vacuum condition again, and then perform the above-mentioned leak rate detection of the double-layer sealing ring 2 in the forward or reverse direction.

[0167] During the process of the first heating part 81 heating the crucible 8 to the test temperature and maintaining it, the vacuum chamber 1 can also be heated by the second heating part 9 at the same time, so that the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber 1 reaches the required temperature. Generally speaking, this temperature is 200°C to 300°C, which is specifically determined according to the test requirements.

[0168] The above has schematically described the present invention and its embodiments. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by this and, without departing from the gist of the present invention, design similar structural modes and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor, characterized in that: including, a vacuum chamber (1), which is hermetically connected to a flange assembly through a double-layer sealing ring (2), and a sealing groove (6) adapted to the double-layer sealing ring (2) is provided in the flange assembly; an air hood (3), which is circumferentially connected to the outer wall of the flange assembly and forms a closed air hood inner cavity (31) with the outer wall of the flange assembly; a gas control system, which is used to transport a detection gas into the vacuum chamber (1) or the double-layer sealing ring (2); a vacuum pumping system, which is used to pump the vacuum chamber (1), the double-layer sealing ring (2) and the air hood inner cavity (31) to a vacuum environment; a first leak detection device (4), which is connected to the vacuum chamber (1), the double-layer sealing ring (2) and the air hood (3) through pipelines; a second leak detection device (5), which is connected to the vacuum pumping system through a pipeline; wherein, the double-layer sealing ring (2) includes a main sealing ring (21) and an auxiliary side sealing ring (22) fixedly connected to the main sealing ring (21); the auxiliary side sealing ring (22) is located outside the main sealing ring (21); the first leak detection device (4) and the second leak detection device (5) are used to detect the leak rate of the double-layer sealing ring (2) in the forward or reverse direction.

2. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 1, wherein: it further includes a first pipeline (11), a second pipeline (12) and a third pipeline (13); wherein, the output end of the first pipeline (11) is connected to the gas control system, and the input end is connected to the main pipeline (10), and the main pipeline (10) is used to transport a detection gas into the vacuum chamber (1), and a first valve (111) is provided on the first pipeline (11); one end of the second pipeline (12) is communicated with the double-layer sealing ring (2), and the other end is connected to the first pipeline (11), and the connection point is located downstream of the first valve (111), and a second valve (121) is provided on the second pipeline (12); the output end of the third pipeline (13) is communicated with the air hood inner cavity (31), and the input end is connected to the first pipeline (11), and the connection point is located downstream of the first valve (111), and a third valve (131) is provided on the third pipeline (13).

3. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 2, wherein: the input end of the first leak detection pipeline (14) is connected to the main pipeline (10), and the output end is connected to the first leak detection device (4); a fourth valve (141) is provided on the first leak detection pipeline (14).

4. A device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: a gate valve (101) is provided on the main pipeline (10), and the gate valve (101) is used to cut off or open the channel for the detection gas to enter the vacuum chamber (1).

5. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 2, wherein: the vacuum pumping system is connected to the main pipeline (10) through a pumping pipeline (15), and a fifth valve (151) is provided on the pumping pipeline (15); the second leak detection device (5) is connected to the pumping pipeline (15) through a second leak detection pipeline (16).

6. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vacuum pumping system includes a first vacuum pump (71) and a second vacuum pump (72); The air extraction pipeline (15) includes a first air extraction pipeline (152) and a second air extraction pipeline (153); Wherein, one end of the first air extraction pipeline (152) is communicated with the main pipeline (10), and the other end is communicated with the first vacuum pump (71), and the fifth valve (151) is used to control the on-off of the first air extraction pipeline (152); The first vacuum pump (71) and the second vacuum pump (72) are connected through the second air extraction pipeline (153); The second leak detection device (5) is connected to the second air extraction pipeline (153) through the second leak detection pipeline (16), and a sixth valve (161) is provided on the second leak detection pipeline (16).

7. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange assembly includes a first flange (17) and a second flange (18) docked with the first flange (17); Wherein, the second flange (18) is circumferentially connected to the outer wall of the vacuum chamber (1); The first flange (17) includes a first surface relatively far from the second flange (18) and a second surface relatively close to the second flange (18) along the thickness direction; a sealing groove (6) is provided on the second surface; a through hole for the main pipeline (10) to pass through is provided on the first flange (17).

8. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing groove (6) is coaxial with the first flange (17), and the radius of the sealing groove (6) is greater than the outer diameter of the vacuum chamber (1).

9. The device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second flange (18) includes a third surface and a fourth surface along the thickness direction; wherein, the third surface is opposite to the second surface; The double-layer sealing ring (2) abuts against both the sealing groove (6) and the third surface at the same time.

10. A device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crucible (8) is provided in the vacuum chamber (1), and the crucible (8) is used to place lithium blocks (82); A first heating part (81) is provided on the outer wall of the crucible (8), and the first heating part (81) is used to heat the crucible (8) to vaporize and evaporate the lithium blocks (82).

11. A device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second heating part (9) is provided on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber (1), and the second heating part (9) is used to heat the vacuum chamber (1) to heat its inner cavity to the test temperature.

12. A method for applying the device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor, including the device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: When the leak rate of the main sealing ring (21) is detected in the positive direction, the air hood (3) is removed and the third valve (131) is closed; After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber (1) and the double-layer sealing ring (2) to the first vacuum condition, the first valve (111), the second valve (121), the gate valve (101), the fourth valve (141) and the fifth valve (151) are closed; Open the first valve (111) and the second valve (121), and the gas control system injects the detection gas into the double-layer sealing ring (2); When the pressure inside the double-layer sealing ring (2) is greater than 2×10 4 Pa, close the first valve (111) and the second valve (121); Open the fifth valve (151) and the sixth valve (161), and the detection gas leaking from the main sealing ring (21) is led to the second leak detection device (5); The second leak detection device (5) is used to detect the leak rate of the main sealing ring (21).

13. The application method of a device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 12, characterized in that: When detecting the leak rate of the auxiliary side sealing ring (22) in the forward direction, remove the gas hood (3) and close the third valve (131); After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber (1) and the double-layer sealing ring (2) to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve (111), the second valve (121), the gate valve (101), the fourth valve (141) and the fifth valve (151); Blow the detection gas along the butt joint gap of the second surface and the third surface; Open the second valve (121) and the fourth valve (141), and the detection gas leaking from the auxiliary side sealing ring (22) sequentially passes through the second pipeline (12) and the first leak detection pipeline (14) and is led to the first leak detection device (4); The first leak detection device (4) is used to detect the leak rate of the auxiliary side sealing ring (22).

14. A method for applying a device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to any one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that: The first vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber (1) is about 10 -5 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the double-layer sealing ring (2) is about 50 Pa.

15. The application method of a device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 12, characterized in that: When detecting the leak rates of the main sealing ring (21) and the auxiliary side sealing ring (22) in the forward direction simultaneously, remove the gas hood (3) and close the third valve (131); After the vacuum pumping system pumps the vacuum chamber (1) and the double-layer sealing ring (2) to the second vacuum condition, close the first valve (111), the second valve (121), the gate valve (101), the fourth valve (141) and the fifth valve (151); Blow the detection gas along the butt joint gap of the second surface and the third surface; Open the fifth valve (151) and the sixth valve (161), and the detection gas leaking from the double-layer sealing ring (2) is led to the second leak detection device (5); The first leak detection device (5) is used to detect the leak rates of the main sealing ring (21) and the auxiliary side sealing ring (22).

16. The application method of a device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 15, characterized in that: The second vacuum condition includes that the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber (1) is about 10 -5 Pa, and the vacuum degree in the double-layer sealing ring (2) is about 10 3 Pa to 2×10 4 Pa.

17. The application method of a device for testing the performance of the double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 12, characterized in that: When performing a lithium corrosion test on the double-layer sealing ring (2), after the vacuum pumping system pumps the inside of the vacuum chamber (1), the inside of the double-layer sealing ring (2) and the inside of the gas hood cavity (31) to the first vacuum condition, close the first valve (111), the second valve (121), the gate valve (101), the fourth valve (141) and the fifth valve (151); The first heating part (81) heats the crucible (8) to the test temperature and maintains it, and the test temperature vaporizes and evaporates the lithium block (82); Once again, the inside of the vacuum chamber (1), the inside of the double-layer sealing ring (2), and the inside cavity of the gas hood (31) are evacuated to the first vacuum condition through the vacuum pumping system, and then the leak rate of the double-layer sealing ring (2) is detected in the forward or reverse direction.

18. The application method of a device for testing the performance of a double-layer sealing ring of a fusion reactor according to claim 17, characterized in that: During the process of heating the crucible (8) to the test temperature and maintaining it by the first heating part (81), the vacuum chamber (1) is heated by the second heating part (9) so that the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber (1) reaches the required temperature.

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