Extra-high voltage capacitor type voltage transformer sleeve with tower-shaped structure and voltage transformer
By adopting a tower structure design on the capacitive voltage transformer casing, the bottom flange strength and overall seismic resistance are enhanced, and the stability and seismic resistance of the ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer is solved, and higher stability and seismic resistance are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510583140.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformers are insufficient in shock resistance and stability, especially due to the unreasonable design of the sleeve structure.
The capacitor bushing designed with a tower-shaped structure is provided with multiple coaxial series capacitor bushings on the voltage transformer bushing, and the lower flange diameter of each bushing is reduced in sequence, forming a structure that is small at the top and large at the bottom, enhancing the strength of the bottom flange and overall shock resistance.
It significantly improves the seismic resistance and stability of capacitive voltage transformers, optimizes the product weight distribution, enhances the bottom stability, improves the product's applicable altitude, and reduces the negative impact of height increase on seismic resistance.
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Figure CN120376316A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of voltage transformers in power systems, and particularly relates to a bushing for an extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer with a tower structure and a voltage transformer. Background Art
[0002] With the expansion of power systems and transmission scales, and the update of world high-tech, the development of extra-high voltage AC transmission technology has been promoted. An extra-high voltage AC power grid refers to a transmission network with an AC voltage level of 1000 kV and above, which has outstanding advantages such as large transmission capacity, long distance, low loss, and less land occupation. A 1000 kV capacitive voltage transformer is a main power equipment in an extra-high voltage AC transmission project, which collects voltage signals from the primary circuit of the power system and provides them for electrical measurement, energy metering, relay protection, and automatic devices.
[0003] A 1000 kV capacitive voltage transformer is usually of a split structure, where the capacitive voltage divider and the electromagnetic unit are two independent parts. The capacitive voltage divider has a large number of capacitor sections and is tall, and has high requirements for the stability of the product. At present, the capacitive voltage divider of a 1000 kV capacitive voltage transformer is an extra-high voltage device, and its structure is different from the overall stacked structure of a conventional capacitive voltage transformer. Its capacitors and the electromagnetic unit are installed separately. The capacitive voltage divider is composed of 4 or 5 capacitor units stacked together, and the electromagnetic unit is installed separately and is correspondingly connected to the medium and low voltage bushing at the bottom of the capacitive voltage divider, which has high requirements for the stability and seismic performance of the product. At present, the bushings used in extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer products, whether porcelain bushings or composite bushings, are all of a cylindrical umbrella structure, with the same diameters of the upper and lower flanges of the bushing, and the same diameters and heights of the bushings and flanges used for several capacitor voltage dividers. In this way, the stability of the product is insufficient, and the seismic performance of the current product mainly examines the strength of the lower flange of the bottom bushing. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bushing for an extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer with a tower structure to solve the problems of insufficient seismic resistance and stability of extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformers in the prior art.
[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a bushing for an extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer with a tower structure, and the technical solution adopted is as follows: A bushing for an extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer with a tower structure includes a plurality of capacitor bushing structures connected in series coaxially. The capacitor bushing structure includes a capacitor bushing and an upper flange and a lower flange coaxially arranged outside both ends of the capacitor bushing. The diameter of the upper flange is smaller than that of the lower flange, and along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange of the upper capacitor bushing structure is successively smaller than the diameter of the lower flange of the adjacent lower capacitor bushing structure.
[0006] Further, the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing in the capacitor bushing structure is less than the height of the lower flange.
[0007] Further, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the height of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is less than the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
[0008] Further, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is kept consistent with the diameter of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
[0009] Further, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the upper end face of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is less than the diameter of the lower end face of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
[0010] Further, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameters of the capacitor bushings on the multiple coaxially connected and serially connected capacitor bushing structures decrease in sequence.
[0011] Further, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the heights of the capacitor bushings on the multiple coaxially connected and serially connected capacitor bushing structures decrease in sequence.
[0012] Further, the number of the capacitor bushing structures is adjustable according to the voltage class of the voltage transformer.
[0013] The present invention also provides a tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer, and the technical solution adopted is as follows: A tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer includes a capacitive voltage divider and an electromagnetic unit. The capacitive voltage divider includes a plurality of capacitors connected coaxially and serially, and the plurality of capacitors are composed of the above-mentioned tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushings and capacitive elements installed inside the bushings.
[0014] Further, along the height direction of the voltage transformer, the heights and diameters of the plurality of capacitors connected coaxially and serially decrease in sequence.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is an improved invention. The present invention provides a tower-shaped ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing with a relatively simple structure, in which the diameter of the upper flange on the outer sides of both ends of the capacitor bushing in the capacitor bushing structure is smaller than that of the lower flange, and along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange in the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is successively smaller than that of the lower flange in the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section. The capacitor bushing structure is designed with a thicker upper part and a thinner lower part to form a tower-shaped bushing structure. That is, the diameter of the lower flange in the bottom capacitor bushing structure is the largest, which enhances the flange stress and flange strength in the bottom capacitor bushing structure, increases the bending failure moment and routine moment of the capacitor bushing structure, and at the same time reduces the diameter of the flange in the top capacitor bushing structure. Different from the cylindrical structure of the conventional bushing, the entire voltage transformer bushing has a structure with a larger bottom and a smaller top, and each capacitor bushing structure is independently designed to strengthen the flange strength of the bottom bushing. That is, the dimensions of each capacitor bushing structure are inconsistent, realizing the assembly of the capacitor voltage-dividing tower-shaped structure, optimizing the product weight distribution, reducing the product center of gravity, with a large and heavy bottom capacitor and a small and light top capacitor, presenting a stable tower-shaped structure with a large chassis, which can significantly improve the seismic performance and stability performance of the product.
[0016] The flexible design of the tower-shaped ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing of the present invention is applicable to porcelain bushings and composite bushing products, mainly for ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer equipment and coupling capacitor equipment. The tower-shaped ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer composed of it optimizes the weight distribution of the voltage transformer product, increases the bottom stability performance, improves the seismic performance and stability performance of the ultra-high voltage equipment, thereby increasing the applicable altitude of the product and reducing the influence of the reduced seismic performance due to the increase in height.
[0017] In the capacitor bushing structure, the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing is smaller than that of the lower flange, that is, the height of the lower flange in the bottom capacitor bushing structure is increased, so that the capacitor bushing structure forms a stable structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, further enhancing the flange stress in the bottom capacitor bushing structure and further increasing the bending failure moment and routine moment of the capacitor bushing structure.
[0018] Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the height of the lower flange in the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is smaller than the height of the upper flange in the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section, further improving the seismic performance and stability performance of the capacitor bushing structure.
[0019] Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange in the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is kept consistent with the diameter of the connection surface of the upper flange in the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section, facilitating the enhancement of the installation stability during bushing stacking while maintaining the seismic performance of the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section.
[0020] The number of the capacitor bushing structures is adjustable according to the voltage level of the potential transformer, which is convenient for adjustment as required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the bushing of the tower-type structure ultra-high voltage capacitive potential transformer of the present invention; In the figure, 1. Lower flange of the lower-section capacitor bushing, 2. Lower-section capacitor bushing, 3. Upper flange of the lower-section capacitor bushing, 4. Lower flange of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing, 5. Middle-lower-section capacitor bushing, 6. Upper flange of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing, 7. Lower flange of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing, 8. Middle-upper-section capacitor bushing, 9. Upper flange of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing, 10. Lower flange of the upper-section capacitor bushing, 11. Upper-section capacitor bushing, 12. Upper flange of the upper-section capacitor bushing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0022] As cited in the background art, the seismic resistance and stability of the ultra-high voltage capacitive potential transformer in the prior art are insufficient. Therefore, the present invention provides a bushing for an ultra-high voltage capacitive potential transformer with a tower-type structure, which includes a plurality of capacitor bushing structures connected in series coaxially, so that each capacitor bushing structure is independently designed; the capacitor bushing structure includes a capacitor bushing and upper and lower flanges coaxially arranged on the outer sides of both ends of the capacitor bushing. The diameter of the upper flange is smaller than that of the lower flange, and along the height direction of the potential transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is successively smaller than the diameter of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section. The diameter of the lower flange on the bottom capacitor bushing structure is the largest; the flange stress and flange strength on the bottom capacitor bushing structure are enhanced, the bending failure moment and routine moment of the capacitor bushing structure are increased, and at the same time, the diameter of the flange on the top capacitor bushing structure is reduced. Different from the cylindrical structure of the conventional bushing, the entire potential transformer bushing has a structure that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and each capacitor bushing structure is independently designed to strengthen the flange strength of the bottom bushing, that is, the sizes of each capacitor bushing structure are inconsistent, realizing the assembly of the capacitor voltage-dividing tower-shaped structure, optimizing the product weight distribution, reducing the product center of gravity, with the bottom capacitor being large and heavy and the top capacitor being small and light, presenting a stable tower-shaped structure with a large chassis, which can significantly improve the seismic performance and stability performance of the product. The flexible design of the bushing of the tower-type structure ultra-high voltage capacitive potential transformer of the present invention is applicable to porcelain bushing and composite bushing products, mainly for ultra-high voltage capacitive potential transformer equipment and coupling capacitor equipment. The tower-type structure ultra-high voltage capacitive potential transformer composed of it optimizes the weight distribution of the potential transformer product, increases the bottom stability performance, improves the seismic performance and stability performance of the ultra-high voltage equipment, thereby increasing the applicable altitude of the product and reducing the influence of the reduced seismic performance due to the increase in height.
[0023] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0025] Specific Embodiment 1 of the tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing of the present invention: In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing includes a plurality of coaxially connected capacitor bushing structures in series. The capacitor bushing structure includes a capacitor bushing and upper and lower flanges coaxially arranged outside both ends of the capacitor bushing. The diameter of the upper flange is smaller than that of the lower flange, and along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure in the previous section is successively smaller than that of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure in the adjacent lower section. Among them, the tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing specifically includes four coaxially connected capacitor bushing structures in series. Along the height direction of the tower-type structure extra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing, they are successively the lower flange 1 of the lower-section capacitor bushing, the lower-section capacitor bushing 2, the upper flange 3 of the lower-section capacitor bushing, the lower flange 4 of the middle and lower-section capacitor bushing, the middle and lower-section capacitor bushing 5, the upper flange 6 of the middle and lower-section capacitor bushing, the lower flange 7 of the middle and upper-section capacitor bushing, the middle and upper-section capacitor bushing 8, the upper flange 9 of the middle and upper-section capacitor bushing, the lower flange 10 of the upper-section capacitor bushing, the upper-section capacitor bushing 11, and the upper flange 12 of the upper-section capacitor bushing.
[0026] In this embodiment, the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing in the capacitor bushing structure is less than the height of the lower flange, that is, the height of the lower flange on the bottom capacitor bushing structure is increased, so that the capacitor bushing structure forms a stable structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, further enhancing the flange stress on the bottom capacitor bushing structure, and further increasing the bending failure moment and routine moment of the capacitor bushing structure; and along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the height of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is less than the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section, further improving the seismic resistance and stability of the capacitor bushing structure. That is, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the heights of the lower flange 1 of the lower-section capacitor bushing, the upper flange 3 of the lower-section capacitor bushing, the lower flange 4 of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing, the upper flange 6 of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing, the lower flange 7 of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing, the upper flange 9 of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing, the lower flange 10 of the upper-section capacitor bushing, and the upper flange 12 of the upper-section capacitor bushing decrease in sequence.
[0027] In other embodiments, the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing in the capacitor bushing structure may be greater than or equal to the height of the lower flange.
[0028] In other embodiments, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the height of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section may be greater than or equal to the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
[0029] Specific embodiment 2 of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer bushing of the present invention: Based on the above technical concept of the present invention, or on the basis of the specific embodiments of the present invention introduced above, another embodiment is provided below.
[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, considering the installation stability during the stacked installation of the capacitor bushing structure, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameters of the connecting surfaces between the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section and the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section are kept the same. At the same time, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the upper end surface of the lower flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is smaller than the diameter of the lower end surface of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section. That is, the diameters of the connecting surfaces between the upper flange 3 of the lower-section capacitor bushing and the lower flange 4 of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing are kept the same, and the diameter of the upper end surface of the lower flange 4 of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing is smaller than the diameter of the lower end surface of the upper flange 3 of the lower-section capacitor bushing; the diameters of the connecting surfaces between the upper flange 6 of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing and the lower flange 7 of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing are kept the same, and the diameter of the upper end surface of the lower flange 7 of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing is smaller than the diameter of the lower end surface of the upper flange 6 of the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing; the diameters of the connecting surfaces between the upper flange 9 of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing and the lower flange 10 of the upper-section capacitor bushing are kept the same, and the diameter of the upper end surface of the lower flange 10 of the upper-section capacitor bushing is smaller than the diameter of the lower end surface of the upper flange 9 of the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing. Since the strengths of the capacitor bushing structures of the two adjacent sections do not need to be kept the same at this time, on the basis that the height of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section ensures the seismic performance of the product, it can be lower than the height of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section. At this time, the overall height of the capacitor bushing structure of the upper section is lower than the overall height of the capacitor bushing structure of the lower section.
[0031] Specific Embodiment 3 of the Tower-Type Structure Ultra-High Voltage Capacitive Voltage Transformer Bushing of the Present Invention: On the basis of the above technical concept of the present invention, or on the basis of the specific embodiments of the present invention introduced above, another embodiment is provided below.
[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameters of the capacitor bushings on multiple coaxially connected and serially arranged capacitor bushing structures decrease in sequence. At the same time, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the heights of the capacitor bushings on multiple coaxially connected and serially arranged capacitor bushing structures decrease in sequence. That is, along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameters and heights of the lower-section capacitor bushing 2, the middle-lower-section capacitor bushing 5, the middle-upper-section capacitor bushing 8, and the upper-section capacitor bushing 11 decrease in sequence. Among them, the number of capacitor bushing structures can be adjusted according to the voltage level of the voltage transformer, which is convenient for adjustment according to needs.
[0033] The present invention also provides a tower-type ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer, which includes a capacitive voltage divider and an electromagnetic unit. The capacitive voltage divider includes a plurality of capacitors connected in series coaxially. The plurality of capacitors are composed of the tower-type ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing described above and capacitive elements installed inside the bushing. And along the height direction of the voltage transformer, the heights and diameters of the plurality of capacitors connected in series coaxially decrease in sequence.
[0034] Through the description of the specific embodiments of the tower-type ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing of the present invention above, it can be seen that the tower-type ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing of the present invention includes a plurality of capacitor bushing structures connected in series coaxially, enabling each capacitor bushing structure to be independently designed; the capacitor bushing structure includes a capacitor bushing and an upper flange and a lower flange coaxially arranged outside both ends of the capacitor bushing. The diameter of the upper flange is smaller than that of the lower flange, and along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange of the upper capacitor bushing structure decreases in sequence compared with the diameter of the lower flange of the adjacent lower capacitor bushing structure. This makes the diameter of the lower flange of the bottom capacitor bushing structure the largest; it enhances the flange stress and flange strength of the bottom capacitor bushing structure, increases the bending failure moment and routine moment of the capacitor bushing structure, and at the same time reduces the diameter of the flange of the top capacitor bushing structure. Different from the cylindrical structure of the conventional bushing, the entire voltage transformer bushing has a structure that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and each capacitor bushing structure is independently designed, strengthening the flange strength of the bottom bushing, that is, the sizes of each capacitor bushing structure are inconsistent, realizing the assembly of the capacitor voltage-dividing tower-shaped structure, optimizing the product weight distribution, reducing the product's center of gravity, with the bottom capacitor being large and heavy and the top capacitor being small and light, presenting a stable tower-shaped structure with a large chassis, which can significantly improve the seismic resistance and stability of the product. The flexible design of the tower-type ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing of the present invention is applicable to porcelain bushings and composite bushing products, mainly for ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer equipment and coupling capacitor equipment. The tower-type ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer composed of it optimizes the weight distribution of the voltage transformer product, increases the bottom stability, improves the seismic resistance and stability of the ultra-high voltage equipment, and thereby improves the applicable altitude of the product, reducing the influence of the reduced seismic resistance due to the increase in height of the product.
[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims. All equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention shall be equally included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tower-shaped structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer bushing, characterized in that, Comprising: A plurality of coaxially connected capacitor bushing structures in series, each capacitor bushing structure including a capacitor bushing and upper and lower flanges coaxially arranged outside both ends of the capacitor bushing. The diameter of the upper flange is smaller than that of the lower flange, and along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the previous section is successively smaller than that of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
2. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the capacitor bushing structure, the height of the upper flange on the capacitor bushing is smaller than that of the lower flange.
3. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the height of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the previous section is smaller than the height of the upper flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
4. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the connection surface between the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the previous section and the upper flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section remains the same.
5. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameter of the upper end surface of the lower flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the previous section is smaller than the diameter of the lower end surface of the upper flange of the capacitor bushing structure of the adjacent lower section.
6. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the diameters of the capacitor bushings on the plurality of coaxially connected capacitor bushing structures in series decrease successively.
7. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that Along the height direction of the voltage transformer bushing, the heights of the capacitor bushings on the plurality of coaxially connected capacitor bushing structures in series decrease successively.
8. The bushing of the tower-type structure UHV capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the capacitor bushing structures is adjustable according to the voltage class of the voltage transformer.
9. A tower-type structure ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer, characterized in that, Comprising a capacitive voltage divider and an electromagnetic unit, the capacitive voltage divider including a plurality of capacitors connected in series coaxially, the plurality of capacitors being composed of the tower-type structure ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer bushing according to any one of claims 1-8 and capacitive elements installed inside the bushing.
10. The tower-type structure ultra-high voltage capacitive voltage transformer according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the voltage transformer, the heights and diameters of the plurality of capacitors connected in series coaxially decrease successively.