Thermal runaway management method for battery device, thermal runaway management system and electrical equipment

Abstract

The present application provides a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, a thermal runaway management system, and an electrical device. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device includes: in response to the completion of power-off of an electrical device using the battery device, entering a primary sleep mode; the primary sleep mode includes waking up a first sensor at a first preset frequency without waking up a second sensor; in response to the time of entering the primary sleep mode meeting a first time threshold, entering a deep sleep mode; the deep sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor at a second preset frequency without waking up the second sensor; wherein both the first sensor and the second sensor are used to collect parameters of the battery device, and the power consumption of the first sensor is less than that of the second sensor. In this way, power consumption is reduced, the possibility of power supply from the vehicle's backup battery is reduced, thereby increasing the probability of detection when thermal runaway occurs and improving the reliability of the battery device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, a thermal runaway management system, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of power batteries, the problem of thermal runaway has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, how to manage thermal runaway and provide timely warnings is crucial to ensuring the reliability of battery systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a thermal runaway management method, a thermal runaway management system and an electrical device for a battery device, so as to monitor whether a battery device has thermal runaway and improve the reliability of the battery device.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, a technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, comprising:

[0005] In response to the power-down of the electric device using the battery device being completed, entering a primary sleep mode; the primary sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor according to a first preset frequency, but not waking up the second sensor;

[0006] In response to the time of entering the primary sleep mode meeting a first time threshold, entering a deep sleep mode; the deep sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor according to a second preset frequency, but not waking up the second sensor;

[0007] The first sensor and the second sensor are both used to collect parameters of the battery device, and the power consumption of the first sensor is less than that of the second sensor.

[0008] In the above technical solution, in the primary sleep mode, only the low-power first sensor is awakened according to the first preset frequency, which has a fast response and a short wake-up cycle, reduces the consumption of electric energy, and reduces the possibility of power supply from the vehicle backup battery, thereby increasing the probability of detection when thermal runaway occurs and improving the reliability of the battery device; a staged sleep mode strategy is adopted to maintain more frequent monitoring in the initial stage when the risk of thermal runaway is higher; then the monitoring frequency is gradually reduced to save energy and extend battery life, thereby reducing power consumption, improving the effectiveness of thermal runaway management, and thus improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor; and the second sensor includes at least one of a volatile organic compound sensor and a carbon monoxide sensor.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and smoke sensor have low power consumption and are easy to achieve stable output values; the volatile organic compound sensor and carbon monoxide sensor take a long time to stabilize the output parameters and have high power consumption; thus, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and smoke sensor can be used in a low-power thermal runaway sensor wake-up solution. By waking up the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and smoke sensor at a high frequency, the probability of detection when thermal runaway occurs can be increased, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first sensor includes a first sub-sensor and a second sub-sensor, and the rate of change of the parameter collected by the first sub-sensor is greater than the rate of change of the parameter collected by the second sub-sensor;

[0012] The waking up the first sensor according to the first preset frequency includes: waking up the first sub-sensor according to a first preset sub-frequency, and waking up the second sub-sensor according to a second preset sub-frequency; wherein the first preset sub-frequency is greater than the second preset sub-frequency.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the corresponding wake-up preset frequency is set according to the rate of change of the parameters collected by the sub-sensors. Among them, the first sub-sensor wakes up according to the first preset sub-frequency. Since the rate of change of the parameters it collects is large, the wake-up frequency is high, so that the parameter changes can be captured in time. The second sub-sensor wakes up according to the second preset sub-frequency. Since the rate of change of the parameters it collects is small, the wake-up frequency is relatively low, which can reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first sub-sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor and a smoke sensor; and the second sub-sensor includes a temperature sensor.

[0015] In the above technical solution, in the battery monitoring system, system resources are reasonably allocated according to the change rate characteristics of the parameters collected by each sensor, power consumption is reduced, and monitoring efficiency is improved.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first preset sub-frequency wakes up the first sub-sensor once every 10s-20s; and the second preset sub-frequency wakes up the second sub-sensor once every 20s-30s.

[0017] In the above technical solution, power consumption can be reduced and the timeliness and reliability of the thermal runaway management method can be improved.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first preset frequency is 10s-30s to wake up the first sensor; the second preset frequency is 40s-120s to wake up the first sensor.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the first preset frequency is greater than the second preset frequency. Within this range, it is possible to better monitor whether the battery device has thermal runaway, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device, without causing energy waste.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first time threshold is 48 hours to 96 hours.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the first time threshold is set to 48 hours to 96 hours, which can capture parameter changes in a timely manner and can more effectively monitor thermal runaway.

[0022] In some embodiments, in response to the power level of the backup battery being lower than a first power threshold, the powered device using the battery device is powered on and the backup battery is charged.

[0023] In the above technical solution, in response to the power level of the backup battery being lower than the first power threshold, the power-consuming device using the battery device is powered on and the backup battery is charged, which can reduce the risk of power feeding the vehicle backup battery.

[0024] In some embodiments, in response to the power level of the battery device being lower than a second power level threshold, a reminder message is sent to the user.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the risk of vehicle power feeding can be further reduced and the reliability of the battery device can be further improved.

[0026] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes:

[0027] collecting parameters of the battery device by the first sensor; the parameters including at least one of a pressure parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter;

[0028] In response to at least one of the following conditions being met: the pressure parameter satisfies a first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies a first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies a temperature rise threshold, the battery control unit is awakened.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the battery control unit is awakened to further determine the thermal runaway level only when at least one of the following conditions is met: the pressure parameter satisfies the first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold. In this way, power consumption can be reduced.

[0030] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes:

[0031] collecting parameters of the battery device by using the first sensor;

[0032] In response to the parameter meeting the first threshold condition, starting a secondary alarm mode; the secondary alarm mode includes issuing an alarm prompt and waking up the battery control unit;

[0033] In response to the parameter meeting a second threshold condition, a third-level alarm mode is activated; the third-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and a manual fire extinguishing mode; the second threshold condition requirement is higher than the first threshold condition requirement;

[0034] In response to the parameter meeting the third threshold condition, a fourth-level alarm mode is activated; the fourth-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and an automatic fire extinguishing mode; the requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than the requirement of the second threshold condition.

[0035] In the above technical solution, different levels of alarms are issued and different fire extinguishing system actions are performed for different periods of thermal runaway, making the alarms more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0036] In some embodiments, the parameter includes at least one of a pressure parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter;

[0037] The first threshold condition includes at least one of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold;

[0038] The second threshold condition includes at least two of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the second pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold; the second pressure threshold is higher than the first pressure threshold, and the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold;

[0039] The third threshold condition includes that at least three of the following conditions are met: the pressure parameter satisfies the third pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold, and the at least three conditions include that the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold; the third pressure threshold is higher than the second pressure threshold, and the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the second-level judgment conditions include parameters such as temperature, temperature rise, and pressure, requiring at least two conditions to be met, reducing misjudgments caused by a single condition; the third-level judgment conditions include temperature, temperature rise, pressure, and smoke parameters, requiring at least two conditions to be met, which can more comprehensively assess risks. The third level takes into account multiple data indicators, can monitor and warn in a timely manner, and improves the reliability of the battery device; the fourth-level conditions require that at least three conditions be met and the temperature must meet the standard, reducing the probability of false alarms and improving the reliability of thermal runaway management of the battery device.

[0041] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes:

[0042] In response to the temperature parameter meeting the second temperature threshold, activating the secondary alarm mode;

[0043] In response to the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, activating the third-level alarm mode;

[0044] In response to the temperature parameter meeting a fourth temperature threshold, the fourth level alarm mode is activated; wherein the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold.

[0045] In the above technical solution, all levels of alarms are equipped with a temperature gradient alarm logic of a higher alarm level as a bottom-line alarm logic for each level of alarm, to prevent the worst-case scenario where all sensors fail and the temperature threshold can still be used as a reference for alarm.

[0046] To solve the above technical problems, in a second aspect, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide a thermal runaway management system for a battery device, comprising:

[0047] A first sensor and a second sensor are both used to collect parameters of the battery device; the power consumption of the first sensor is less than the power consumption of the second sensor;

[0048] A fire extinguishing host is communicatively connected to the first sensor and the second sensor, and is used to execute the thermal runaway management method for the battery device provided according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0049] In the above technical solution, in the primary sleep mode, only the low-power first sensor is awakened according to the first preset frequency, which has a fast response and a short wake-up cycle, reduces the consumption of electric energy, and reduces the possibility of power supply from the vehicle backup battery, thereby increasing the probability of detection when thermal runaway occurs and improving the reliability of the battery device; a staged sleep mode strategy is adopted to maintain more frequent monitoring in the initial stage when the risk of thermal runaway is higher; then the monitoring frequency is gradually reduced to save energy and extend battery life, thereby reducing power consumption, improving the effectiveness of thermal runaway management, and thus improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0050] To solve the above technical problems, in a third aspect, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide an electrical device, including:

[0051] A battery device for providing power to the electrical equipment;

[0052] The thermal runaway management system for the battery device provided in the embodiment of the second aspect above;

[0053] A backup battery is used to supply power to the thermal runaway management system of the battery device when the power-consuming device is powered off.

[0054] In the above technical solution, in the primary sleep mode, only the low-power first sensor is awakened according to the first preset frequency, which has a fast response and a short wake-up cycle, reduces the consumption of electric energy, and reduces the possibility of power supply from the vehicle backup battery, thereby increasing the probability of detection when thermal runaway occurs and improving the reliability of the battery device; a staged sleep mode strategy is adopted to maintain more frequent monitoring in the initial stage when the risk of thermal runaway is higher; then the monitoring frequency is gradually reduced to save energy and extend battery life, thereby reducing power consumption, improving the effectiveness of thermal runaway management, and thus improving the reliability of the battery device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 A flowchart of a thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0057] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0058] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0059] Figure 4 Thermal runaway management methods for battery devices provided in other embodiments of the present application;

[0060] Figure 5 A thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in yet other embodiments of the present application;

[0061] Figure 6 A partial circuit diagram of a thermal runaway management system for a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0062] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of electrical equipment provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0063] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0064] 100-battery device, 10-battery case, 11-first part, 12-second part, 20-battery cell, 21-end cover, 21a-electrode terminal, 22-housing, 23-electrode assembly, 23a-tab, 24-connecting member, 25-pressure relief mechanism, 200-first sensor, 300-second sensor, 400-fire extinguishing host, 500-fire extinguishing device, 600-battery monitoring unit, 700-BMU, 800-instrument, 900-switch, 1000-thermal runaway management system of battery device, 2000-electrical equipment, 3000-backup battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0067] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish different objects and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "plurality" means two or more (including two), such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. Similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two), and "multiple sheets" means two or more (including two).

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the relative orientation or position relationship between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings) shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0072] Battery thermal runaway occurs when a battery's current and temperature increase cumulatively, leading to gradual damage. For example, in a typical lead-acid battery, since the gaps between the positive and negative plates are filled with liquid, oxygen generated at the positive electrode during charging cannot reach the negative electrode. Consequently, the negative electrode, undepolarized, is more likely to produce hydrogen, which escapes the battery along with the oxygen, leading to thermal runaway. Another example is when the oxygen circulation path within a lead-acid battery is too unobstructed, oxygen released from the positive plate directly acts on the negative plate, causing heat to be dissipated in a timely manner, leading to thermal runaway. Another example is when a cell in a lead-acid battery pack fails prematurely during use. During charging, while maintaining a constant charging voltage, the voltage of the prematurely failed cell will not rise or will rise very slowly. This prolongs the charging time, causing the voltage of the healthy cell to be relatively high. This can also cause the cell or the entire battery pack to overheat due to overcharging, leading to thermal runaway.

[0073] Energy and environmental issues are major challenges facing humanity. Establishing a clean, renewable energy system has become an inevitable choice for human society. With the industry's rapid development, the energy density of battery devices has increased, but this also brings with it potential chemical instability. For example, thermal runaway in batteries can lead to major safety incidents, such as spontaneous combustion of vehicles and fires in energy storage substations. Therefore, improving battery reliability and providing early detection of thermal runaway events have become key concerns and challenges.

[0074] In related technologies, since the system has a maximum power consumption limit after the vehicle is powered off, if the wake-up scheme startup cycle is too long, the risk of thermal runaway not being reported may increase; and if high-power consumption components such as the Microcontroller Unit (MCU) are woken up frequently, the vehicle's backup battery may be powered off.

[0075] Research has found that due to the characteristics of different sensors, for example, carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) sensors and volatile organic compounds (VOC) sensors require a longer time to output stable parameters due to electrochemical principles. However, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and smoke sensors, due to their low power consumption, only require less time and less power to output reliable numerical parameters.

[0076] Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal runaway management method for a low-power battery device using different composite sensors, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device including: in response to the completion of power-off of an electrical device using the battery device, entering a primary sleep mode; the primary sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor at a first preset frequency without waking up the second sensor; in response to the time of entering the primary sleep mode meeting a first time threshold, entering a deep sleep mode; the deep sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor at a second preset frequency without waking up the second sensor; wherein, both the first sensor and the second sensor are used to collect parameters of the battery device, and the power consumption of the first sensor is less than the power consumption of the second sensor.

[0077] In this embodiment, in the primary sleep mode, only the low-power first sensor is awakened according to the first preset frequency, which has a fast response and a short wake-up cycle, reduces power consumption, and reduces the possibility of power supply from the vehicle backup battery, thereby increasing the probability of detection when thermal runaway occurs and improving the reliability of the battery device; a staged sleep mode strategy is adopted to maintain more frequent monitoring in the initial stage when the risk of thermal runaway is higher; then the monitoring frequency is gradually reduced to save energy and extend battery life, thereby reducing power consumption, improving the effectiveness of thermal runaway management, and further improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0078] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0079] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 is a flow chart of a thermal runaway management method of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0080] The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0081] Step S101: In response to the completion of power-off of the electrical equipment using the battery device 100, the primary sleep mode is entered; the primary sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor according to a first preset frequency without waking up the second sensor; wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are both used to collect parameters of the battery device 100, and the power consumption of the first sensor is less than the power consumption of the second sensor.

[0082] The battery device 100 may be a power battery, which can serve as a core energy storage device for providing driving energy for electrical equipment such as electric vehicles and electric ships. In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be installed at the bottom, head, or tail of an electric vehicle to power the electric vehicle.

[0083] Since thermal runaway of electric vehicles often occurs after the vehicle is fully charged or driven and then goes into sleep mode, after the battery device 100 is fully charged or the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 is powered off, the battery management system enters a primary sleep mode for monitoring and wakes up the fire extinguishing host at a preset frequency without waking up the battery management unit (BMU) to reduce power consumption.

[0084] The battery device 100 provided in this embodiment includes a battery case 10 and a plurality of battery cells 20 ; the plurality of battery cells 20 are disposed in the battery case 10 .

[0085] Among them, the battery case 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the battery case 10 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the battery case 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space. The second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 can be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12. Of course, the battery case 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0086] In the battery device 100, several (two or more) battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid configuration. A hybrid configuration refers to a combination of series and parallel connections within the battery cells 20. The battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid configuration, and then the entire battery unit 20 is housed within the battery housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can be constructed by first connecting several battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a battery module. The multiple battery modules are then connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a single unit housed within the battery housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures, such as a busbar assembly for electrically connecting the battery cells 20.

[0087] Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.

[0088] See Figure 3 , Figure 3The following is a schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application. A battery cell 20 is the smallest unit that makes up a battery. Figure 3 The battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a shell 22, an electrode assembly 23 and other functional components.

[0089] The end cap 21 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain degree of hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy). This prevents the end cap 21 from deforming when subjected to compression or collision, thereby enhancing the structural strength and stability of the battery cell 20. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on the end cap 21. The electrode terminals 21a can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 also includes a connecting member 24, one for each electrode terminal 21a. This connecting member 24, also known as a current collecting member, is located between the end cap 21 and the electrode assembly 23 to electrically connect the electrode assembly 23 and the electrode terminal 21a. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism 25 for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value. The material of the end cap 21 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member may also be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. Exemplary, the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.

[0090] The housing 22 is a component that cooperates with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and end cap 21 can be separate components. An opening can be provided in the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is placed over the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the interior of the housing 22 needs to be enclosed, the end cap 21 is placed over the housing 22. The housing 22 can have a variety of shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, or a hexagonal prism. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined based on the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any particular limitations on this.

[0091] The electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained in the housing 22. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, and the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active materials each constitute a tab 23a. The positive and negative electrode tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or respectively at both ends of the main body. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 23a is connected to the electrode terminal 21a to form a current loop.

[0092] A sensor is an electronic device that monitors and collects parameters of the battery assembly 100. It can also be called a detector or sensor. The sensor collects parameters inside the battery case 10 and outside the battery cells 20. That is, the battery assembly 100 parameters do not include parameters within the battery cells 20, such as voltage and current. If the device using the battery assembly 100 is powered off, the battery assembly 100 can be managed in low-power mode to prevent thermal runaway.

[0093] The power consumption of the first sensor is less than that of the second sensor. The high-power second sensor has a longer wake-up time, while the low-power first sensor has a shorter wake-up time. The first sensor is awakened at a first preset frequency, while the second sensor is not awakened, thereby reducing power consumption. The first preset frequency can be 10s-30s to wake up the first sensor.

[0094] In this way, in the primary sleep mode, only the low-power first sensor is awakened according to the first preset frequency, with fast response and short awakening cycle, which reduces the consumption of power and the possibility of power supply from the vehicle backup battery, thereby increasing the detection probability when thermal runaway occurs and improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0095] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor; the second sensor includes at least one of a volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor and a carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) sensor.

[0096] Specifically, according to different parameters of the battery device 100 to be monitored and collected, the sensors are divided into pressure sensors, temperature sensors, smoke sensors, VOC sensors, and CO sensors.

[0097] The pressure sensor, also known as an air pressure sensor, is used to detect changes in air pressure within the battery device 100. Its operating principle is generally based on the piezoresistive effect of a semiconductor strain gauge. When the ambient air pressure changes, the pressure sensor detects this change and converts it into an electrical signal. The microcontroller unit (MCU) determines the gas concentration by evaluating the voltage signal and thus generates an alarm.

[0098] The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature within the battery device 100. It utilizes the temperature-dependent resistance of a thermistor. This temperature sensor can be a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) sensor. An NTC thermistor is a type of thermistor whose resistance decreases as temperature increases. A voltage divider circuit collects the NTC's output voltage after voltage division. The MCU then determines the temperature based on the voltage signal and generates an alarm.

[0099] The smoke sensor is used to detect smoke concentration within the battery device 100. In some embodiments, the smoke sensor employs a photoelectric measurement system and employs optical dual-wavelength technology for smoke detection. Smoke is scattered by a dual-wavelength LED on a photodiode (PD), and smoke detection is achieved by utilizing changes in light intensity. The MCU determines smoke concentration based on signals transmitted via the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) communication interface, thereby generating an alarm signal.

[0100] The VOC sensor detects VOC gas concentration within the battery pack. Utilizing semiconductor principles, the sensor's conductivity changes if the detected gas is present in the ambient air. This change in conductivity is converted into a voltage output signal corresponding to the VOC gas concentration. The MCU determines the gas concentration by evaluating the voltage signal and thereby issues an alarm.

[0101] The CO sensor detects the CO gas concentration within the battery pack. It utilizes the sensor's electrochemical principle. If the detected gas is present in the ambient air, it will undergo a chemical reaction on the sensor's reaction electrode, causing the sensor's output current to change. The CO sensor's output current and the back-end resistor convert it into a voltage signal, which is then amplified by an op amp and converted into a voltage output signal corresponding to the gas concentration. The MCU determines the CO gas concentration by evaluating the voltage signal and thus issues an alarm.

[0102] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and smoke sensor have low power consumption and can easily achieve stable output values. The VOC sensor and CO sensor take a long time to stabilize their output parameters and consume more power. As such, the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and smoke sensor can be used in a low-power thermal runaway sensor wake-up solution. By waking up the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and smoke sensor at a high frequency, the probability of detecting thermal runaway can be increased, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0103] Further, in some embodiments, the first sensor includes a first sub-sensor and a second sub-sensor, and the rate of change of the parameter collected by the first sub-sensor is greater than the rate of change of the parameter collected by the second sub-sensor; wherein, waking up the first sensor according to the first preset frequency includes: waking up the first sub-sensor according to the first preset sub-frequency, and waking up the second sub-sensor according to the second preset sub-frequency; wherein the first preset sub-frequency is greater than the second preset sub-frequency.

[0104] Specifically, the first sub-sensor, because the monitored parameter has a high rate of change, is set to a higher wake-up frequency (the first preset sub-frequency). This allows the system to collect data promptly, detect rapid changes in the parameter, and quickly respond to potential anomalies. The second sub-sensor, because the monitored parameter has a low rate of change, is set to a lower wake-up frequency (the second preset sub-frequency). This reduces system energy consumption and data processing burden, thereby improving efficiency.

[0105] In this way, the corresponding wake-up preset frequency is set according to the rate of change of the parameters collected by the sub-sensors. Among them, the first sub-sensor wakes up according to the first preset sub-frequency. Since the rate of change of the parameters it collects is large, the wake-up frequency is high, so that the parameter changes can be captured in time; the second sub-sensor wakes up according to the second preset sub-frequency. Since the rate of change of the parameters it collects is small, the wake-up frequency is relatively low, which can reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency.

[0106] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first sub-sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor and a smoke sensor; and the second sub-sensor includes a temperature sensor.

[0107] The change rate of the parameters collected by the pressure sensor and the smoke sensor is greater than the change rate of the temperature parameter collected by the temperature sensor.

[0108] During thermal runaway, the pressure measured by the pressure sensor may change rapidly due to processes such as gas generation and release within the battery device 100, resulting in significant fluctuations and a high rate of change within a short period of time. The smoke concentration measured by the smoke sensor may rise rapidly due to factors such as battery thermal runaway, resulting in large fluctuations and a high rate of change within a short period of time. Therefore, a higher acquisition frequency is required to improve reliability. The temperature measured by the temperature sensor may be relatively stable, and even if it changes, it tends to be slow with a low rate of change. Therefore, a lower acquisition frequency can be used to further reduce power consumption.

[0109] In this way, in the battery monitoring system, system resources can be reasonably allocated according to the change rate characteristics of the parameters collected by each sensor, thereby reducing power consumption and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0110] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first preset sub-frequency is 10s-20s to wake up the first sub-sensor; and the second preset sub-frequency is 20s-30s to wake up the second sub-sensor.

[0111] The first preset sub-frequency is configured to wake up the first sub-sensor every 10s-20s, for example, every 10s, 15s, or 20s. The second preset sub-frequency is configured to wake up the second sub-sensor every 20s-30s, for example, every 20s, 25s, or 30s.

[0112] In this embodiment, the first preset sub-frequency wakes up the first sub-sensor once every 10s-20s; the second preset sub-frequency wakes up the second sub-sensor once every 20s-30s, which can reduce power consumption and improve the timeliness and reliability of the thermal runaway management method.

[0113] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in response to the time of entering the primary sleep mode meeting a first time threshold, entering the deep sleep mode; the deep sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor according to a second preset frequency, but not waking up the second sensor.

[0114] The duration of primary sleep mode meeting the first time threshold indicates that the parameters collected by the first sensor indicate that the battery device 100 is in a safe state. Since thermal runaway of the battery device 100 often occurs within several hours or tens of hours after charging is complete or after driving is completed and the battery is powered off, long-term monitoring for the first time threshold is performed after charging is complete or after driving is completed and the battery is powered off. This means that the various parameters of the first sensor are continuously monitored for the first time threshold and the parameters are collected during the monitoring process. The risk of thermal runaway decreases after exceeding the first time threshold, and deep sleep mode can be entered at this time, further reducing power consumption.

[0115] In this way, a phased sleep mode strategy is adopted to maintain more frequent monitoring in the initial stage when the risk of thermal runaway is higher; then the monitoring frequency is gradually reduced to save energy and extend battery life. This reduces power consumption, improves the effectiveness of thermal runaway management, and thus improves the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0116] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first preset frequency is 10s-30s to wake up the first sensor; the second preset frequency is 40s-120s to wake up the first sensor.

[0117] The first preset frequency is 10s-30s to wake up the first sensor, for example, 10s, 15s, 20s, 25s, or 30s. The second preset frequency is 40s-120s to wake up the first sensor, for example, 40s, 45s, 50s, 55s, 60s, 65s, 70s, 75s, 80s, 85s, 90s, 95s, 100s, 105s, 110s, 115s, or 120s.

[0118] In this way, the first preset frequency is greater than the second preset frequency. Within this range, it is possible to better monitor whether the battery device 100 has thermal runaway, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device 100 without wasting energy.

[0119] Further, in some embodiments, the first time threshold is 48 hours to 96 hours.

[0120] Among them, the first time threshold can be 48 hours, 54 hours, 60 hours, 66 hours, 72 hours, 78 hours, 84 hours, 90 hours or 96 hours, etc.

[0121] Thermal runaway of the battery device 100 is likely to occur within 48 hours after charging is completed or after driving is completed and the battery device 100 is powered off. Therefore, setting the first time threshold to 48 hours to 96 hours can capture parameter changes in a timely manner, allowing for more effective thermal runaway monitoring.

[0122] Optionally, in some embodiments, in response to the power level of the backup battery being lower than a first power threshold, the powered device using the battery device 100 is powered on and the backup battery is charged.

[0123] The backup battery, which can be a lead-acid battery, is used to power a fire extinguishing system or anti-theft system after power is removed from an electrical device (such as an electric vehicle). Powering up an electrical device using the battery device 100 causes it to transition from a dormant or powered-off state to a powered-on state. For example, powering up an electric vehicle means starting the vehicle.

[0124] When the backup battery power level is lower than the first power threshold, it indicates that the backup battery power level is at risk of power failure, thereby affecting the subsequent awakening of the first sensor and further affecting the thermal runaway alarm. The first power threshold can be 5%-10% of the backup battery fully charged.

[0125] In this embodiment, in response to the power level of the backup battery being lower than the first power threshold, the power-consuming device using the battery device 100 is powered on and the backup battery is charged, thereby reducing the risk of power feeding to the vehicle backup battery.

[0126] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in response to the power level of the battery device 100 being lower than a second power level threshold, a reminder message is sent to the user.

[0127] In response to the battery level of battery device 100 falling below a second power threshold, it indicates that the battery level of battery device 100 is nearly depleted and the vehicle is at risk of power failure. The second power threshold may be 2%-5% of a fully charged battery level. At this point, a reminder message is sent to the user, for example, by sending a text message to the user's mobile phone or through an app on the user's mobile phone, reminding the user to charge the battery promptly.

[0128] In this way, the risk of power feeding to the vehicle can be further reduced, and the reliability of the battery device 100 can be further improved.

[0129] Alternatively, in some embodiments, see Figure 1 , the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 further includes:

[0130] Step S102: collecting parameters of the battery device 100 through a first sensor; the parameters include at least one of a pressure parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter;

[0131] The sensor collects parameters inside the battery case 10 and outside the battery cell 20; it is usually executed when the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 is powered on, so there is no need to worry about power consumption issues.

[0132] The pressure parameter refers to data related to air pressure detected by a pressure sensor. In some embodiments, the pressure parameter is the pressure value of the gas within the battery case 10. The temperature parameter refers to data related to temperature detected by a temperature sensor. In some embodiments, the temperature parameter includes temperature. In other embodiments, the temperature parameter includes temperature and the temperature rise slope (temperature rise slope). The smoke parameter refers to data related to smoke concentration detected by a smoke sensor. In some embodiments, the smoke parameter includes smoke concentration. In other embodiments, the smoke parameter includes smoke concentration and the smoke slope (also known as the "smoke concentration rise slope").

[0133] Step S103: in response to at least one of the pressure parameter satisfying a first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying a first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfying a temperature rise threshold being satisfied, waking up the BMU.

[0134] If any one of the following conditions holds: a pressure parameter meeting a first pressure threshold, a temperature parameter meeting a first temperature threshold, or a temperature parameter meeting a temperature rise threshold, the corresponding parameter is abnormal. The BMU collects internal parameters (current, voltage, temperature, etc.) of the battery cell 20 through the battery monitoring unit (BMU) to further determine the level of thermal runaway. The BMU and BMU may be integrated, or the BMU may be independent of the BMU.

[0135] In this embodiment, the BMU is awakened to further determine the thermal runaway level only when at least one of the following conditions is met: the pressure parameter satisfies the first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold. This can reduce power consumption.

[0136] Alternatively, in other embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in some other embodiments of the present application includes, in addition to step S101, the following steps:

[0137] Step S104: collecting parameters of the battery device 100 through the first sensor;

[0138] Step S105: In response to the parameter meeting the first threshold condition, starting the secondary alarm mode; the secondary alarm mode includes issuing an alarm prompt and waking up the BMU;

[0139] If the parameters meet the first threshold, the battery device 100 is experiencing thermal runaway and is in the early stages of thermal runaway. During this stage, significant electrolyte leakage occurs, and the explosion-proof valves in the battery cells 20 open. The first-level alarm mode activates, including an alarm prompt and waking up the battery management unit (BMU). The alarm prompt can be an audible or visual alarm, prompting the user to flee or avoid approaching the vehicle; it can also be a text message. The BMU collects internal parameters (current, voltage, temperature, etc.) of the battery cells 20 through the battery monitoring unit to further determine the level of thermal runaway. It is understood that sensors are also installed within the battery cells 20 to collect these parameters, enabling a more accurate assessment of the thermal runaway state of the battery cells 20.

[0140] Step S106: In response to the parameter meeting the second threshold condition, starting the third-level alarm mode; the third-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and a manual fire extinguishing mode; the second threshold condition requirement is higher than the first threshold condition requirement;

[0141] If the parameters meet the second threshold condition, the battery device 100 will experience thermal runaway and be in the middle stage of thermal runaway. The battery cell 20 will emit smoke, and the expansion valve of the battery device 100 (pack) will open. The secondary alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and the activation of the manual fire extinguishing mode. In the manual fire extinguishing mode, the user can decide whether to manually extinguish the fire. Manual fire extinguishing includes manual extinguishing using the fire extinguishing button (someone may be in the vehicle after the power is turned off) or remotely extinguishing the fire through a terminal such as a mobile phone. It is understood that if the manual fire extinguishing mode is not activated, the user does not have the authority to manually extinguish the fire. The alarm prompt can be an audible and visual alarm, prompting the user to turn off electrical equipment, escape the scene, and call the fire department.

[0142] Step S107: In response to the parameter satisfying the third threshold condition, starting the fourth-level alarm mode; the fourth-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and an automatic fire extinguishing mode; the requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than the requirement of the second threshold condition.

[0143] Among them, the parameters meet the third threshold condition, the battery device 100 has thermal runaway and is in the late stage of thermal runaway. The battery device 100 has occurred, the battery cell 20 has begun to emit fire, and the battery device 100 has completely thermally runaway. At this time, the three-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and the activation of the automatic fire extinguishing mode. Among them, the alarm prompt may include prompting the user to escape as soon as possible, and the automatic fire extinguishing mode may include spraying water or spraying fire extinguishing agents. In the automatic fire extinguishing mode, the electrical equipment directly performs fire extinguishing actions such as spraying water and spraying fire extinguishing agents.

[0144] In this embodiment, different levels of alarms are issued and different fire extinguishing system actions are performed for different stages of thermal runaway, making the alarms more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0145] Further, in some embodiments, the parameters include at least one of a pressure parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter; the first threshold condition includes at least one of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold; the second threshold condition includes at least two of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the second pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold; the second pressure threshold is higher than the first pressure threshold, and the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold; the third threshold condition includes at least three of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the third pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold, and the at least three conditions include the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold; the third pressure threshold is higher than the second pressure threshold, and the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold.

[0146] The fourth level of thermal runaway corresponding to the third threshold condition is higher than the third level of thermal runaway corresponding to the second threshold condition, and the third level of thermal runaway corresponding to the second threshold condition is higher than the second level of thermal runaway corresponding to the first threshold condition.

[0147] The first threshold condition is used to determine whether to start the secondary alarm mode. The first threshold condition corresponds to the second level of thermal runaway. This stage is in the early stage of thermal runaway. The electrolyte leaks in large quantities, the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 20 is opened, and the air pressure in the battery box 10 changes. The absolute value of the temperature and the temperature rise slope are a relatively intuitive basis for judging thermal runaway. Therefore, when judging whether the battery device 100 is in the second level of thermal runaway, the present application compares the pressure parameter with the first pressure threshold, compares the temperature parameter with the first temperature threshold, and compares the temperature parameter with the temperature rise threshold. If any one, two or three conditions are met, it means that the battery device 100 is in the first level of thermal runaway.

[0148] The second threshold condition determines whether to activate the third-level alarm mode. This condition corresponds to the third level of thermal runaway, which is higher than the second level. This stage represents the mid-stage of thermal runaway, with smoke emitting from the battery cells 20 and the expansion valve of the battery pack 100 (pack) opening. Smoke production is beginning to intensify, so the second threshold condition considers smoke indicators. The third level considers multiple data indicators, enabling timely monitoring and early warning, improving the reliability of the battery pack 100.

[0149] The third threshold condition determines whether to activate the fourth-level alarm mode. The third threshold condition corresponds to the fourth level of thermal runaway, which is higher than the third level. This stage is in the late stage of thermal runaway, with the battery device 100 experiencing a thermal runaway failure, the battery cells 20 beginning to emit flames, and the battery device 100 in full thermal runaway. The fourth level requires at least three conditions to be met and the temperature to reach the danger threshold, reducing the probability of false alarms and improving the reliability of thermal runaway management for the battery device 100.

[0150] In this embodiment, the second-level judgment conditions include parameters such as temperature, temperature rise, and pressure, requiring at least two conditions to be met, thereby reducing false positives caused by a single condition. The third-level judgment conditions include temperature, temperature rise, pressure, and smoke parameters, requiring at least two conditions to be met, enabling a more comprehensive risk assessment. The third level considers multiple data indicators, enabling timely monitoring and early warning, and improving the reliability of the battery device 100. The fourth-level conditions require that at least three conditions be met and the temperature must meet the standard, reducing the probability of false positives and improving the reliability of thermal runaway management of the battery device 100.

[0151] Optionally, see also Figure 5 , Figure 5The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application includes, in addition to steps S105 to S107, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 further including:

[0152] Step S108: In response to the temperature parameter meeting the second temperature threshold, starting the secondary alarm mode;

[0153] Step S109: in response to the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, starting the third level alarm mode;

[0154] Step S110: in response to the temperature parameter meeting a fourth temperature threshold, starting a fourth-level alarm mode; wherein the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold.

[0155] The conditions for starting the second-level alarm mode in step S108 are parallel to the conditions for starting the second-level alarm mode in step S105, the conditions for starting the third-level alarm mode in step S109 are parallel to the conditions for starting the third-level alarm mode in step S106, and the conditions for starting the fourth-level alarm mode in step S110 are parallel to the conditions for starting the fourth-level alarm mode in step S107.

[0156] Thus, in this embodiment, all levels of alarms are equipped with a temperature gradient alarm logic of a higher alarm level as a bottom-line alarm logic for each level of alarm, to prevent the worst case scenario where all sensors fail and an alarm can still be issued using the temperature threshold as a reference.

[0157] Please also see Figure 6 , Figure 6 A partial circuit diagram of a thermal runaway management system 1000 for a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0158] The embodiment of the present application provides a thermal runaway management system 1000 for a battery device that can be applied to an electrical device, such as a vehicle.

[0159] Specifically, the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device includes a first sensor 200, a second sensor 300 and a fire extinguishing host 400; the first sensor 200 and the second sensor 300 are both used to collect parameters of the battery device 100; the power consumption of the first sensor 200 is less than the power consumption of the second sensor 300; the fire extinguishing host 400 is communicatively connected with the first sensor 200 and the second sensor 300, and is used to execute the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0160] The first sensor 200 and the second sensor 300 may each be one or more, including a pressure sensor, a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and the like. In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 includes multiple (e.g., n) battery cases 10, each of which contains a plurality of battery cells 20. Each battery case 10 is also provided with a corresponding first sensor 200 and / or second sensor 300. The first sensor 200 and / or second sensor 300 collects parameters inside the corresponding battery case 10 and outside the battery cells 20. For example, the first sensor 200 and / or the second sensor 300 corresponding to battery box 10 No. 1 collects parameters inside battery box 10 No. 1 and outside the battery cell 20 located in battery box 10 No. 1; the first sensor 200 and / or the second sensor 300 corresponding to battery box 10 No. 2 collects parameters inside battery box 10 No. 2 and outside the battery cell 20 located in battery box 10 No. 2; and so on, the first sensor 200 and / or the second sensor 300 corresponding to battery box 10 No. n collects parameters inside battery box 10 No. n and outside the battery cell 20 located in battery box 10 No. n.

[0161] The fire extinguishing host 400 is the core control unit of the fire extinguishing system, managing and controlling the fire extinguishing process. The fire extinguishing host 400 communicates with the first and second sensors 200 and 300, acquiring parameters collected by these sensors. It then processes and analyzes these parameters to determine whether thermal runaway has occurred and the level of thermal runaway, and then issues instructions.

[0162] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the battery device thermal runaway management system 1000 may further include a fire extinguishing device 500 , a battery monitoring unit 600 and / or a BMU 700 , etc. When the electric device may be a vehicle, the battery device thermal runaway management system 1000 may further include a meter 800 and a switch 900 .

[0163] The fire extinguishing device 500 is a device that automatically or manually detects fires and extinguishes them. In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing device 500 includes a fire extinguisher, such as a foam extinguisher, a dry powder extinguisher, or a water mist extinguisher. The fire extinguishing host 400 sends a signal to the fire extinguishing device 500 via a communication connection to initiate fire extinguishing operations. In some embodiments, each battery box 10 is equipped with a corresponding fire extinguishing device 500.

[0164] The battery monitoring unit (BMU) 600 is a monitor installed on a battery cell 20. It collects battery information from the battery cell string and transmits it to the BMU 700 for processing. The BMU 700 is a control module used to manage and monitor the performance and status of the battery assembly 100. It is responsible for real-time monitoring, management, and protection of the battery assembly 100's operating status. The BMU 700 combines the internal parameters of the battery cell 20 (current, voltage, temperature, etc.) to further determine the level of thermal runaway. The BMU 700 and BMU 600 can be integrated, or the BMU 600 can be independent of the BMU 700.

[0165] Please also see Figure 7 Some embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device 2000, which includes a battery device 100, a thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device, and a backup battery 3000; the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device is the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device provided in the above-mentioned embodiment; the backup battery 3000 is used to supply power to the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device when the electrical device 2000 is powered off.

[0166] The electrical device 2000 can be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a laptop computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, etc. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.; electric tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. For the sake of convenience, the following embodiments are described using the electrical device 2000 as a vehicle.

[0167] The vehicle can be a fuel-powered vehicle, a gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle. A battery assembly 100 is disposed within the vehicle. The battery assembly 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery assembly 100 can be used to power the vehicle, for example, as the vehicle's operating power source.

[0168] The thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device is electrically connected to the battery device 100. The battery device 100 may be a device capable of providing electrical energy to the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device. In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 may serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle. In addition, the electrical device 2000 may be a vehicle. The electrical device 2000 may also include other parts, for example, the other parts may be a vehicle frame, and the battery device 100 and the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device are both mounted on the vehicle body.

[0169] In some embodiments, the electrical device 2000 further includes a smart meter, a manual fire extinguishing button, and a battery management system (BMS). The BMS may include a battery management unit (BMU).

[0170] The backup battery 3000, which can be a lead-acid battery, is used to power the fire extinguishing system or anti-theft system when the power-consuming device 2000 (such as an electric vehicle) is powered off. When the power-consuming device 2000 is powered on, it draws power from the main power source (such as the battery device 100 or an external power source) via a charging circuit to maintain its own charge. The backup battery 3000 allows the battery device's thermal runaway management system 1000 to monitor and protect the battery device 100 during main power failure or device downtime, mitigating thermal runaway accidents caused by unattended operation.

[0171] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0172] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0173] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device, characterized in that: include: In response to the power-down of the electric device using the battery device being completed, entering a primary sleep mode; the primary sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor according to a first preset frequency, but not waking up the second sensor; In response to the time of entering the primary sleep mode meeting a first time threshold, entering a deep sleep mode; the deep sleep mode includes waking up the first sensor according to a second preset frequency, but not waking up the second sensor; The first sensor and the second sensor are both used to collect parameters of the battery device, and the power consumption of the first sensor is less than the power consumption of the second sensor; the first preset frequency is greater than the second preset frequency; The first sensor includes a first sub-sensor and a second sub-sensor, and a change rate of a parameter collected by the first sub-sensor is greater than a change rate of a parameter collected by the second sub-sensor; The waking up the first sensor according to the first preset frequency includes: waking up the first sub-sensor according to a first preset sub-frequency, and waking up the second sub-sensor according to a second preset sub-frequency; wherein the first preset sub-frequency is greater than the second preset sub-frequency.

2. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 1, wherein: The first sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a smoke sensor; the second sensor includes at least one of a volatile organic compound sensor and a carbon monoxide sensor.

3. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 1, wherein: The first sub-sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor and a smoke sensor; and the second sub-sensor includes a temperature sensor.

4. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 1, wherein: The first preset sub-frequency is 3 times / min to 6 times / min; the second preset sub-frequency is 2 times / min to 3 times / min.

5. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 1, wherein: The first preset frequency is 2 times / min to 6 times / min; the second preset frequency is 0.5 times / min to 1.5 times / min.

6. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 1, wherein: The first time threshold is 48 hours to 96 hours.

7. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: In response to the power level of the backup battery being lower than a first power threshold, the power-consuming device using the battery device is powered on, and the backup battery is charged.

8. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 7, wherein: In response to the power level of the battery device being lower than a second power level threshold, a reminder message is sent to the user.

9. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes: collecting parameters of the battery device by the first sensor; the parameters including at least one of a pressure parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter; In response to at least one of the following conditions being met: the pressure parameter satisfies a first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies a first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies a temperature rise threshold, the battery control unit is awakened.

10. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes: collecting parameters of the battery device by using the first sensor; In response to the parameter meeting the first threshold condition, starting a secondary alarm mode; the secondary alarm mode includes issuing an alarm prompt and waking up the battery control unit; In response to the parameter meeting a second threshold condition, a third-level alarm mode is activated; the third-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and a manual fire extinguishing mode; the second threshold condition requirement is higher than the first threshold condition requirement; In response to the parameter meeting the third threshold condition, a fourth-level alarm mode is activated; the fourth-level alarm mode includes an alarm prompt and an automatic fire extinguishing mode; the requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than the requirement of the second threshold condition.

11. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 10, wherein: The parameter includes at least one of a pressure parameter, a temperature parameter and a smoke parameter; The first threshold condition includes at least one of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the first pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold; The second threshold condition includes at least two of the following conditions: the pressure parameter satisfies the second pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold; the second pressure threshold is higher than the first pressure threshold, and the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold; The third threshold condition includes that at least three of the following conditions are met: the pressure parameter satisfies the third pressure threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold, and the at least three conditions include that the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold; the third pressure threshold is higher than the second pressure threshold, and the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold.

12. The thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to claim 11, wherein: The thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes: In response to the temperature parameter meeting the second temperature threshold, activating the secondary alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, activating the third-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter meeting a fourth temperature threshold, the fourth level alarm mode is activated; wherein the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold.

13. A thermal runaway management system for a battery device, characterized in that: include: A first sensor and a second sensor are both used to collect parameters of the battery device; the power consumption of the first sensor is less than the power consumption of the second sensor; A fire extinguishing host is communicatively connected to the first sensor and the second sensor, and is used to execute the thermal runaway management method for a battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: A battery device for providing power to the electrical equipment; The thermal runaway management system for a battery device according to claim 13; A backup battery is used to supply power to the thermal runaway management system of the battery device when the power-consuming device is powered off.

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