Photovoltaic glass, photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. The photovoltaic glass can comprise a first area and a second area formed by extending the first area, the first area at least corresponds to a battery layer of a photovoltaic module, and the edge of the second area is provided with a groove structure with an opening facing the side face. The width of a first shoulder part located on one side of the groove structure in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass is equal to or smaller than the width of a second shoulder part located on the other opposite side of the groove structure in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, and the width of the second shoulder part is smaller than or equal to the width of the second area. The structural stability of the photovoltaic module is improved through structural optimization of the photovoltaic glass, the problems of delamination and resilience of the edge of the module can be effectively solved, and the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, double-glass photovoltaic modules are mostly encapsulated by adhesive films or liquid encapsulation. For the glass used in double-glass modules, during the lamination process, the edges of the glass will be over-pressed. The over-pressing will cause the thickness of the sealing adhesive film at the edges of the module to be reduced compared with that in the middle of the module. The sealing adhesive film at the edges of the module will decompose and age after contacting water vapor, and problems such as edge rebound, warping, delamination, etc. of the module are likely to occur, affecting the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module. For photovoltaic modules encapsulated by liquid, only sealing adhesive films are used around the module, and encapsulation liquid is used in the middle of the module. When installed outdoors, due to the influence of the self-weight of the encapsulation liquid, problems such as edge rebound, delamination, liquid leakage, etc. of the module caused by the shedding of the bottom sealing adhesive film of the module are likely to occur, affecting the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, which can increase the structural stability of the photovoltaic module, solve problems such as edge rebound, warping, delamination, liquid leakage, etc. of the module, and improve the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic glass, including a first region and a second region extending outward from the first region, wherein the first region at least corresponds to the battery layer of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] A groove structure with a side opening is provided at the edge of the second region. The width of a first shoulder located on one side of the groove structure in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass is equal to or less than the width of a second shoulder located on the opposite side of the groove structure in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, and the width of the second shoulder is less than or equal to the width of the second region.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a cover plate, a back plate, an encapsulation layer and a battery layer, wherein the encapsulation layer is used to encapsulate the battery layer between the cover plate and the back plate.

[0008] The cover plate and the back plate are the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiment of the first aspect above. The first region and the second region included in the cover plate respectively correspond to the first region and the second region included in the back plate. The first shoulders of the cover plate and the first shoulders of the back plate are close to the battery layer of the photovoltaic module, and the second shoulders of the cover plate and the second shoulders of the back plate are far from the battery layer of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] The encapsulation layer includes a first encapsulation layer corresponding to the first regions of the cover plate and the back plate and a second encapsulation layer corresponding to the second regions of the cover plate and the back plate.

[0010] The second encapsulation layer extends between the first shoulders of the cover plate and the first shoulders of the back plate, into the groove structure of the cover plate, and into the groove structure of the back plate.

[0011] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the second aspect above, including:

[0012] Step 1: Lay one of the cover plate or the back plate. The cover plate and the back plate are the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiment of the first aspect above, and the first shoulders of the cover plate or the back plate face upward.

[0013] Step 2: Lay the battery layer in the first region of the laid cover plate or back plate.

[0014] Step 3: Lay the second encapsulation layer in the second region on the laid cover plate or back plate.

[0015] Step 4: Lay the back plate or the cover plate and perform pre-lamination to seal the second regions of the cover plate and the back plate with each other.

[0016] Step 5: Inject liquid encapsulation oil into the space enclosed by the first regions of the cover plate and the back plate to form a first encapsulation layer, and finally form the photovoltaic module.

[0017] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present invention optimizes the structure of the photovoltaic glass and sets a groove structure with a side opening around the photovoltaic glass. This groove structure can improve the sealing performance of the module edge, thereby increasing the structural stability of the photovoltaic module, solving problems such as edge rebound, warping, delamination, and liquid leakage of the module, and enhancing the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0019] The further effects of the above-mentioned non-conventional alternative manners will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic glass according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic glass according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic glass according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which shows a part of the first region and the second region;

[0025] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic glass according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which shows a part of the first region and the second region;

[0026] Figure 7 is a top view of the photovoltaic glass according to an embodiment of the present invention after removing the first shoulder;

[0027] Figure 8 is an embodiment of the present invention using Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the photovoltaic glass formed by the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module, which shows a part of the first region and the second region of the backplane and the cover plate;

[0028] Figure 9 is an embodiment of the present invention using Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown in the photovoltaic glass formed by the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module, which shows a part of the first region and the second region of the backplane and the cover plate;

[0029] Figure 10 is an embodiment of the present invention using Figure 5 shown in the photovoltaic glass formed by the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module, which shows a part of the first region and the second region of the backplane and the cover plate;

[0030] Figure 11 is an embodiment of the present invention using Figure 6 shown in the photovoltaic glass formed by the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module, which shows a part of the first region and the second region of the backplane and the cover plate;

[0031] Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first photovoltaic module of another embodiment of the present invention, which shows a part of the first region and the second region of the backsheet and the cover plate;

[0032] Figure 13 corresponds to Figure 12 schematic diagram of the battery support structure;

[0033] Figure 14 corresponds to Figure 12 top view of the installation structure of the battery support structure and the battery array;

[0034] Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the second photovoltaic module of another embodiment of the present invention, which shows a part of the first region and the second region of the backsheet and the cover plate;

[0035] Figure 16 corresponds to Figure 15 schematic diagram of the cell structure of the battery array;

[0036] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the preparation method of the photovoltaic module of another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals are as follows:

[0038] 1 - cover plate; 2 - encapsulation layer; 3 - cell layer; 4 - backsheet; 10 - first region; 20 - second region; 30 - flush part; 40 - protruding part; 21 - first encapsulation layer; 22 - second encapsulation layer; 8 - groove structure; 81 - first shoulder; 82 - second shoulder; 9 - embedded groove; 5 - battery support structure; 51 - separation layer; 52 - main body support layer; 53 - bottom adhesive layer; 31 - transparent conductive layer; 32 - hole transport layer; 33 - perovskite photoelectric conversion layer; 34 - electron transport layer; 35 - back electrode. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The photovoltaic module involved in the embodiments of the present invention can be any type of double-glass photovoltaic module. Among them, the battery array applied to the photovoltaic module can be any type of solar cell, such as a silicon-based solar cell, a perovskite solar cell, etc. Among them, the silicon-based solar cell can be of the finger-cross type, the back-contact type, the type with electrodes arranged on both sides, etc.

[0040] To solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic module prepared by using the photovoltaic glass, and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module. By optimizing the structure of the photovoltaic glass, a groove structure with a side opening is arranged around the photovoltaic glass. This groove structure can improve the sealing performance at the edge of the module, solve problems such as edge rebound, warping, delamination, and liquid leakage of the module, and enhance the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0041] It should be noted that the "inside" and "outside" involved in this technical solution refer to the orientation terms within the plane where the glass or the module is located. Specifically, the "inner side" means that in the plane where the glass or the module is located, the central region is located "inside" relative to the edge region. Correspondingly, "inward" refers to the direction from the edge region to the central region within the plane where the glass or the module is located. The "outer side" means that in the plane where the glass or the module is located, the edge region is located "outside" relative to the central region. Correspondingly, "outward" refers to the direction from the central region to the edge region within the plane where the glass or the module is located.

[0042] It should be noted that the "thickness" refers to the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the glass or the module is located. The "width" refers to the distance between two opposite side edges inside and outside in the plane where the glass or the module is located. For example, the "width of the first shoulder" refers to the distance between the outer side edge of the first shoulder located at the edge of the groove structure and the inner side edge located at the bottom of the groove structure in the plane where the glass is located. Correspondingly, the "width of the second shoulder" refers to the distance between the outer side edge of the second shoulder located at the edge of the groove structure and the inner side edge located at the bottom of the groove structure in the plane where the glass is located. The "width of the second region" refers to the distance between the outer edge and the inner edge in the plane where the glass is located.

[0043] It should be noted that the height of the groove structure refers to the dimension in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, and the depth of the embedded groove refers to the dimension in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass.

[0044] The following introduces the specific implementation process of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] First, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic glass according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section obtained by cutting the photovoltaic glass along the cutting line shown in Figure 1 .

[0046] An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic glass, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a first region 10 and a second region 20 extending outward from the first region 10. When the photovoltaic glass is applied to a photovoltaic module, the first region 10 at least corresponds to the cell layer of the photovoltaic module. The second region 20 is an annular structure provided at the edge of the first region 10, and the contours of the first region 10 and the second region 20 have the same shape as the contour of the photovoltaic glass. For example, the photovoltaic glass is formed into a rectangle to adapt to the shape of the photovoltaic module. Correspondingly, the first region 10 is formed into a rectangle, and the second region 20 is formed into a rectangular ring.

[0047] A groove structure 8 with a side opening is provided at the edge of the second region 20. The width of the first shoulder 81 on one side of the groove structure 8 in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass is less than or equal to the width of the second shoulder 82 on the opposite side of the groove structure 8 in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, and the width of the second shoulder 82 is less than or equal to the width of the second region 20.

[0048] According to the embodiment, the photovoltaic glass is formed by processes such as shaping, grooving, and edge grinding at the original sheet stage and then used after tempering. The tempering method can be physical tempering and chemical tempering. Among them, the surface stress range of physically tempered glass can be 40 - 150 Mpa, and the surface stress range of chemically tempered glass can be 300 - 800 Mpa.

[0049] The photovoltaic glass can be tempered glass or semi - tempered glass. Stress will be generated during the tempering process of the photovoltaic glass. When applied to a photovoltaic module, the lamination process will over - press the edge, resulting in a reduction in the thickness of the sealant film at the edge of the module compared to the sealant film in the middle of the module. The sealant film at the edge of the module is prone to decomposition and aging, causing problems such as edge rebound, warping, and delamination of the module, affecting the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module. For a photovoltaic module encapsulated with liquid, the encapsulation liquid is used in the middle of the module. Due to the influence of the self - weight of the encapsulation liquid, problems such as edge rebound, delamination, and liquid leakage caused by the shedding of the bottom sealant film of the module occur, affecting the sealing effect and reliability of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the groove structure is provided at the edge of the second region of the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiment of the present application. Through the groove structure, the peeling force and sealing performance at the edge of the photovoltaic module can be enhanced, improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0050] The width of the second shoulder 82 is less than or equal to the width of the second region 20. That is to say, the groove structure 8 can extend to the boundary between the first region 10 and the second region 20, or the groove structure 8 may not extend to the boundary between the first region 10 and the second region 20. It should be understood that the groove structure 8 can enhance the sealing property and the peel force of the edge of the photovoltaic glass. However, if the opening width of the groove structure 8 is too large, the strength of the edge of the photovoltaic glass will be correspondingly reduced. Therefore, the width of the second shoulder 82 being less than or equal to the width of the second region 20 can balance the sealing property and the strength of the edge of the photovoltaic glass. For example, when a conventional photovoltaic glass uses a conventional adhesive film, such as EVA plastic (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer), POE plastic, EPE (Pearlcotton), PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), etc., at the same width as the second region 20 of the photovoltaic glass of the embodiment of the present application, the peel force tested after lamination is 30 - 50N, while for the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiment of the present application using the same adhesive film at the second region 20 and tested after lamination, the peel force is 150 - 320N. Therefore, by providing the groove structure 8 at the edge of the second region 20 of the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiment of the present application, the peel force at the edge of the photovoltaic module can be increased, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] In specific implementation, the width of the first shoulder 81 can be equal to or less than the width of the second shoulder 82. Optionally, when the width of the first shoulder 81 is less than the width of the second shoulder 82 and the photovoltaic glass is applied to the photovoltaic module for lamination, it is convenient to extrude the encapsulation layer 2 inside the photovoltaic module into the groove structure 8 from the outside of the first shoulder 81, so that an adhesive force is also formed between the first shoulder 81 and the second shoulder 82. In specific implementation, the first shoulder 81 or both the first shoulder 81 and the second shoulder 82 can be cut or polished at an inclination angle from the inside to the outside and simultaneously from the first shoulder 81 to the second shoulder 82, so that the outer edge part of the first shoulder 81 is cut off or ground off, thereby making the width of the first shoulder 81 less than the width of the second shoulder 82, and the first shoulder 81 and the second shoulder 82 generate an inclined chamfer at the outer edge by means of cutting or polishing.

[0052] In one embodiment, the width W of the second region 20 is 2 mm to 15 mm. The width W2 of the second shoulder 82 is less than or equal to the width W of the second region 20. The width W2 of the second shoulder 82 can be 1 - 10 mm, for example, it can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm. The width W1 of the first shoulder 81 can be 1 - 10 mm, for example, it can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm.

[0053] After the groove structure 8 is formed on the side of the edge sealing region of the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic glass at the edge is divided into two thinned layers by the formed groove structure 8 (that is, the first shoulder 81 and the second shoulder 82 located on the opposite sides of the groove structure 8 in the thickness direction). After lamination, the encapsulating material / sealing material is filled into the groove structure 8. On the one hand, the resilience of the thinned first shoulder 81 and second shoulder 82 is lower than that of the photovoltaic glass with the whole thickness, and it is easier to maintain the structural stability of the photovoltaic module under the action of the encapsulating material / sealing material. On the other hand, the encapsulating material / sealing material between the glass cover plate 1 and the glass back plate 4 of the photovoltaic module can pull the first shoulder 81 of each other, and the encapsulating material / sealing material in the middle of the groove structure 8 can pull the second shoulder 82 in contact, so that the encapsulating material / sealing material can better pull the photovoltaic glass cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 as a whole, to solve the problems such as edge rebound, delamination and poor sealing effect of conventional double-glass photovoltaic modules.

[0054] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second shoulder 82 is greater than the thickness of the first shoulder 81. When the photovoltaic glass is applied to the photovoltaic module, the first shoulder 81 is close to the battery array, and the second shoulder 82 is far from the battery array. As the stress-bearing protective layer of the photovoltaic module, therefore, setting the thickness of the second shoulder 82 to be greater than the thickness of the first shoulder 81 can enhance the strength of the second shoulder 82, thereby improving the stress-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic module.

[0055] In one embodiment, the thickness d1 of the first shoulder 81 is 20% - 25% of the total thickness of the second region 20 (the total thickness of the second region 20 is the sum of the thickness d1 of the first shoulder 81, the thickness d2 of the second shoulder 82 and the height h of the groove structure 8), for example, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%; the height h of the groove structure 8 is 20% - 25% of the total thickness of the second region 20, for example, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%; the thickness d2 of the second shoulder 82 is 50% - 60% of the total thickness of the second region 20, for example, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%.

[0056] In one embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the thickness of the second region 20 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the first region 10. As described above, the groove structure 8 will reduce the edge strength of the photovoltaic glass. By increasing the thickness of the second region 20 where the groove structure is formed, the reduction in strength of the second region 20 of the photovoltaic glass due to the groove structure 8 formed at the edge can be compensated, thereby improving the edge strength of the photovoltaic glass. Specifically, the portion where the second region 20 is higher than the first region 10 is located on one side in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, so that the second region 20 has a flush portion 30 flush with the first region 10 and a protruding portion 40 protruding from the first region on one side in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass. The groove structure 8 is provided on the protruding portion 40, and the thickness of the second shoulder 82 on the other side of the groove structure 8 can be greater than or equal to the thickness of the first region 10, so that even if the groove structure 8 is provided in the second region 20, the strength of the second region 20 can be ensured to be at least equal to or greater than the strength of the first region 10.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness difference d between the thickness of the second region 20 and the thickness of the first region 10 can be 50%-100% of the thickness of the first region 10, for example, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%.

[0058] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second shoulder 82 is greater than the thickness of the first shoulder 81. When the photovoltaic glass is applied to a photovoltaic module, the first shoulder 81 is close to the battery array, and the second shoulder 82 is far from the battery array. As the stress-bearing protective layer of the photovoltaic module, therefore, setting the thickness of the second shoulder 82 to be greater than the thickness of the first shoulder 81 can enhance the strength of the second shoulder 82, thereby improving the stress-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first shoulder 81 is 20%-25% of the total thickness of the second region 20, for example, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%; the thickness of the groove structure 8 is 20%-25% of the total thickness of the second region 20, for example, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%; the thickness of the second shoulder 82 is 50%-60% of the total thickness of the second region 20, for example, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%.

[0060] In one embodiment, as Figure 5 and Figure 6, the second shoulder 82 faces the inner wall of the groove structure 8 and is provided with an embedded groove 9 that grooves away from the groove structure 8. In one embodiment, a plurality of embedded grooves 9 may be provided and arranged at intervals along the width direction of the second shoulder 82. Specifically, each embedded groove 9 has the same profile as the second region 20. Figure 7 The figure shown is a top view with the first shoulder 81 removed. Refer to Figure 7 , the embedded groove 9 has the same profile as the second region 20 and the first region 10, and may be, for example, rectangular. It can be understood that when the photovoltaic module is of other shapes, the first region 10 and the second region 20 may have the same profile shape as the photovoltaic module, and correspondingly, the embedded groove 9 may also have the same profile shape.

[0061] As Figure 5 shown, the cross-section of the embedded groove 9 is a parallelogram; as Figure 6 shown, the cross-section of the embedded groove 9 is an isosceles trapezoid. In other embodiments of the present invention, the cross-section of the embedded groove 9 may also be other shapes, for example, the cross-section of the embedded groove 9 is one or a combination of shapes such as a rectangle, a square, an arc, and a triangle. By providing the embedded groove 9 on the inner wall of the second shoulder 82, the contact area between the groove structure 8 and the encapsulant / sealant can be further increased, the adhesion can be further improved, and the structural stability and sealing effect of the photovoltaic module can be enhanced.

[0062] In the specific implementation process, in order to ensure the process yield of the photovoltaic module, the depth d3 of the embedded groove 9 may be set to be 15%-30% of the thickness d2 of the second shoulder 82, such as 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 29%, 30%.

[0063] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic module, including a cover plate 1, a back plate 4, an encapsulation layer 2, and a battery layer 3. The encapsulation layer 2 is used to encapsulate the battery layer 3 between the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4. Among them, the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 are the above-mentioned photovoltaic glasses. The first region 10 and the second region 20 included in the cover plate 1 respectively correspond to the first region 10 and the second region 20 included in the back plate 4. The first shoulder 81 of the cover plate 1 and the first shoulder 81 of the back plate 4 are close to the battery layer 3 of the photovoltaic module, and the second shoulder 82 of the cover plate 1 and the second shoulder 82 of the back plate 4 are away from the battery layer 3 of the photovoltaic module. The encapsulation layer 2 includes a first encapsulation layer 21 corresponding to the first regions of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 and a second encapsulation layer 22 corresponding to the second regions of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4. The second encapsulation layer 22 extends between the first shoulder 81 of the cover plate 1 and the first shoulder 81 of the back plate 4, into the groove structure 8 of the cover plate 1, and into the groove structure 8 of the back plate 4.

[0064] The first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 at least corresponds to the battery layer 3, and the first region 10 at least completely covers the battery layer 3, that is, the area of the first region 10 is equal to the area of the battery layer 3 so that it can just cover the battery layer 3, or the area of the first region 10 is larger than the area of the battery layer 3, so that the edge where the first region 10 connects to the edge 20 of the second region does not cover the battery layer 3, so that the battery layer 3 can be protected.

[0065] The battery layer 3 can be a silicon matrix battery, a heterojunction battery, a perovskite battery, etc.

[0066] Figure 8 To use Figure 1 and Figure 2 The photovoltaic glass shown forms a photovoltaic module. Figure 9 To use Figure 3 and Figure 4 The photovoltaic glass shown forms a photovoltaic module. Figure 10 To use Figure 5 The photovoltaic glass shown forms a photovoltaic module. Figure 11 To use Figure 6 The photovoltaic glass shown in the figure forms a photovoltaic module. It should be noted that: Figures 8 - 11 The photovoltaic assembly shown only shows the structure of one edge by way of example. It should be understood that the same structure exists on the other corresponding edge.

[0067] According to the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present application, after the DH3000h aging test, there is no water vapor intrusion at the edge of the module, no delamination at the edge, and the EL (electroluminescent tester) test of the edge cell is normal; after the TC600 aging test, there is no delamination at the edge, the EL test of the edge cell is normal, and the average value of the edge thickness before and after aging of the module is within 0.05mm.

[0068] The DH3000 test is a specific durability test used to evaluate the performance of components under specific environmental conditions. The specific process is as follows:

[0069] The components are exposed to 85±2°C (degrees Celsius) and 85±5% relative humidity for 3000 hours. At 23±5°C and relative humidity not more than 75%, the components are recovered after 2-4 hours.

[0070] The TC600 test is a thermal cycle test for photovoltaic modules. The specific process is as follows:

[0071] The assembly was placed in an environmental chamber, and the temperature in the environmental chamber was controlled to cycle between 85°C and -40°C for 600 times.

[0072] Conventional photovoltaic glass uses conventional adhesive films at the same width as the second region 20 of the photovoltaic glass of the embodiments of the present application. For example, for EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer) adhesive films, POE (polyolefin elastomer) adhesive films, EPE (Pearl cotton or polyethylene foam) adhesive films, PVB (PolyvinylButyral) adhesive films, etc., the peel strength measured after lamination is 30 - 50 N. While for the photovoltaic glass according to the embodiments of the present application, when using the same adhesive film at the second region 20 and measuring the peel strength after lamination, it is 150 - 320 N. Therefore, the peel strength at the edge of the photovoltaic module according to the embodiments of the present application is increased.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first encapsulation layer 21 and the second encapsulation layer 22 are of the same material. Specifically, the first encapsulation layer 21 is one or more of an EVA adhesive film, a POE adhesive film, a PVB adhesive film, and an EPE adhesive film, and / or the second encapsulation layer 22 is one or more of an EVA adhesive film, a POE adhesive film, a PVB adhesive film, and an EPE adhesive film.

[0074] The above-mentioned photovoltaic module can be prepared by a lamination method. For example, it includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Lay a front encapsulation adhesive film on the cover plate 1. The front encapsulation adhesive film covers the first region 10 and the second region 20. The front encapsulation adhesive film is one or more of an EVA adhesive film, a POE adhesive film, a PVB adhesive film, and an EPE adhesive film;

[0076] S2. Lay a battery layer 3 on the front encapsulation adhesive film. The battery layer 3 corresponds to the first region 10. The battery layer 3 can be a battery array formed by series and / or parallel connection of silicon substrate battery cells;

[0077] S3. Lay a rear encapsulation adhesive film. The rear encapsulation adhesive film covers the first region 10 and the second region 20. The rear encapsulation adhesive film is one or more of an EVA adhesive film, a POE adhesive film, a PVB adhesive film, and an EPE adhesive film;

[0078] S4. Lay a backsheet 4;

[0079] S5. After lamination, a laminate is formed, and the front encapsulation adhesive film and the rear encapsulation adhesive film form the encapsulation layer 2;

[0080] S6. Frame and install a junction box for the laminate to obtain the photovoltaic module of the embodiments of the present application.

[0081] Among them, the cover plate 1 and the backsheet 4 are the above-mentioned photovoltaic glass. The lamination process is the same as that of the prior art, and the lamination parameters in the prior art can be adopted.

[0082] In one embodiment, the first encapsulation layer 21 and the second encapsulation layer 22 are made of different materials. The first encapsulation layer 21 is a liquid encapsulation oil, and / or the second material is one or more of butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and epoxy resin. The liquid encapsulation oil can be one or more of natural ester insulating oil, synthetic ester transformer oil, and low-viscosity bio-based transformer oil.

[0083] The above-mentioned photovoltaic module can be prepared by the following method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 17 , the method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0084] Step 1: Lay one of the cover plate 1 or the back plate 4. The cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 are the above-mentioned photovoltaic glass, and the first shoulder 81 of the cover plate 1 or the back plate 4 faces upward;

[0085] Step 2: Lay the cell layer 3 in the first area 10 of the laid cover plate 1 or back plate 4;

[0086] Step 3: Lay the second encapsulation layer 22 in the second area 20 on the laid cover plate 1 or back plate 4;

[0087] Step 4: Lay the back plate 4 or the cover plate 1 and perform pre-lamination to seal the second area 20 of the cover plate 1 and the second area 20 of the back plate 4 with each other. The pre-lamination temperature is 70 - 90 °C;

[0088] Step 5: Inject liquid encapsulation oil into the space enclosed by the first area 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first area 10 of the back plate 4 to form the first encapsulation layer 21, and finally form a photovoltaic module.

[0089] In step 1, the cover plate 1 can be laid, and correspondingly, the back plate 4 is laid in step 4; alternatively, in step 1, the back plate 4 can be laid, and correspondingly, the cover plate 1 is laid in step 4.

[0090] The cell layer 3 in step 2 can be a cell array formed by series / parallel connection of silicon substrate solar cells, or can be a perovskite solar cell. If the cell layer 3 is a perovskite solar cell, a transparent conductive layer 31, a hole transport layer 32, a perovskite photoelectric conversion layer 33, an electron transport layer 34, and a back electrode 35 can be laid in sequence.

[0091] For the photovoltaic module according to the embodiment of the present application, by using the groove structure 8 in the second area 20 of the photovoltaic glass, the sealing performance and peeling force at the edge of the photovoltaic module can be enhanced, so that the first area 10 of the photovoltaic module can be encapsulated with liquid encapsulation oil. Compared with the conventional process of forming the encapsulation layer 2 by high-temperature lamination, the preparation temperature can be reduced, and the thermal damage caused by high temperature can be reduced.

[0092] The encapsulation liquid used in the first encapsulation layer 21 is, for example, liquid encapsulation oil, which has characteristics such as high light transmittance, recyclability, and high thermal conductivity. At the same time, since water and oil are immiscible, even if water vapor invades due to particularly harsh extreme environments or damaged encapsulation films, only droplets will form and accumulate in the edge area of the photovoltaic module, without contacting the battery layer 3, solving the problem that existing photovoltaic modules are afraid of water vapor.

[0093] As Figure 12 shown, the first type of photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method using liquid encapsulation oil. In this photovoltaic module, the battery layer 3 is a battery array formed by series / parallel connection of silicon substrate battery chips. The photovoltaic module further includes a battery support structure 5. The battery support structure 5 is located in a cavity formed by the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4 and is surrounded by the encapsulation layer 2; the battery support structure 5 is embedded in the encapsulation layer 2 and abuts against the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4; the battery support structure 5 fixes and supports the battery layer 3. In this embodiment, specifically, the battery support structure 5 is surrounded by the first encapsulation layer 21 and is embedded in the first encapsulation layer 21.

[0094] In an embodiment of the present invention, the battery support structure 5 includes a partition layer 51 and a main body support layer 52 and a bottom adhesive layer 53 stacked thereon; the bottom adhesive layer 53 is disposed between the main body support layer 52 and the back plate 4 and is used to fix the main body support layer 52 on the back plate 4; the partition layer 51 divides the plane of the main body support layer 52 into two or four isolation zones and abuts against the cover plate 1; each isolation zone is used to support a battery string corner in the battery layer 3. As Figure 13 shown, the main body support layer 52 and the bottom adhesive layer 53 of the battery support structure 5 are designed as cylinders. The bottom adhesive layer 53 is fixed on the back plate 4 through its own adhesiveness, and the partition layer 51 abuts against the cover plate 1. The plane of the main body support layer 52 is divided into four isolation zones by four edges included in the partition layer 51 of the battery support structure 5, and each isolation zone supports a battery string corner in the battery layer 3, thereby realizing the fixation of the battery layer 3. In specific implementation, the bottom adhesive layer 53 can be a pressure-sensitive adhesive or a heat-bondable adhesive film.

[0095] Figure 15Shows the second type of photovoltaic module according to the embodiments of the present invention prepared using liquid encapsulation oil as described above. Its cell layer 3 is a perovskite solar cell. Correspondingly, when encapsulating the photovoltaic module, the second region 20 of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 is pre-encapsulated using the second encapsulation layer 21, so as to form a sealed cavity between the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4. After laying the cell layer 3 for this part, liquid encapsulation oil is used for encapsulation. That is, the encapsulation layer 2 of this second photovoltaic module includes a first encapsulation layer 21 located in the first region 10 and a second encapsulation layer 22 located in the second region 20. Among them, the sealing material used for the second encapsulation layer 22 is, for example, one of the following materials or a combination of multiple materials: high water resistance butyl rubber, silicone-based binder, epoxy-based or other polymer-based binders, and inorganic binders, which have the characteristics of being recyclable, not afraid of water vapor, and good heat dissipation performance. The encapsulation liquid used for the first encapsulation layer 21 is liquid encapsulation oil, such as one or more of natural ester insulating oil, synthetic ester transformer oil, and low-viscosity bio-based transformer oil.

[0096] As Figure 16 shown, the cell layer 3 in this third photovoltaic module is a perovskite solar cell, which includes a transparent conductive layer 31, a hole transport layer 32, a perovskite optoelectronic conversion layer 33, an electron transport layer 34, and a back electrode 35 stacked in sequence, and the transparent conductive layer 31 of the perovskite solar cell is in contact with the cover plate 1. It is made using a low-temperature lamination process at 70 - 90 °C during pre-lamination, which significantly improves the thermal damage in the manufacturing process of the perovskite photovoltaic module. The CTM (temperature coefficient module of the photovoltaic module, used to describe the performance of the photovoltaic module under different temperature conditions) can be increased by 1% compared to the perovskite cell photovoltaic module encapsulated with conventional glue film.

[0097] The following details the photovoltaic module of the present invention and its manufacturing process with specific embodiments.

[0098] Example 1:

[0099] A photovoltaic module, which is, for example, a double-glass module of PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell), TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), HJT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer), BC (Back Contact), and their stacked cells. The photovoltaic glass shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 is used to make the photovoltaic module respectively. The structural schematic diagrams of the photovoltaic module are as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown. Among them,Figure 9 The thickness difference between the thickness of the second region 20 and the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the thickness difference between the thickness of the second region 20 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4 are both 0.4 mm. The widths of the second regions 20 of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 are both 12 mm. A groove structure 8 is provided on the side facing it. The height of the groove structure 8 is 0.2 mm. The width of the first shoulder 81 is 6 mm. The width difference between the width of the second shoulder 82 and the width of the first shoulder 81 of the groove structure 8 is 3 mm. The width of the second shoulder 82 is 9 mm. The conventional encapsulation film used for this photovoltaic module is, for example, EVA plastic with a weight of 460 grams. After lamination, the thickness of the first encapsulation layer 21 in the cavity formed by the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4 is 1.1 mm. The thickness of the second encapsulation layer 22 at the thickened position between the second region 20 of the cover plate 1 and the second region 20 of the back plate 4 is between 0.1 mm and 0.25 mm, and the appearance of the photovoltaic module is normal. Figure 8 The edge of the photovoltaic glass in is not thickened, and only a groove structure 8 is provided on the side facing it. The height of the groove structure 8 is 0.2 mm. The width of the first shoulder 81 is 6 mm. The width difference between the width of the second shoulder 82 and the width of the first shoulder 81 of the groove structure 8 is 3 mm. The width of the second shoulder 82 is 9 mm. The conventional encapsulation film used for this photovoltaic module is, for example, EVA plastic with a weight of 460 grams. After lamination, the thickness of the first encapsulation layer 21 in the cavity formed by the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4 is 1.08 mm. The thickness of the second encapsulation layer 22 at the thickened position between the second region 20 of the cover plate 1 and the second region 20 of the back plate 4 is between 0.78 mm and 1.0 mm, and the appearance of the photovoltaic module is normal. Figure 8 and Figure 9 After the photovoltaic module in undergoes the DH3000h aging test, there is no moisture intrusion at the edge of the module, no delamination at the edge, and the edge cell EL (electroluminescent) is normal; after the TC600 aging test, there is no delamination at the edge of the module, the edge cell EL is normal, and the average value change of the edge thickness before and after the aging of the module is within 0.05 mm.

[0100] The specific preparation method of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module mainly includes the following steps:

[0101] S1. Prepare the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 with a groove structure 8 provided on the side facing it;

[0102] S2. Lay an upper encapsulation film on the cover plate 1;

[0103] S3. Lay a battery layer 3 composed of a plurality of battery strings on the upper encapsulation film;

[0104] S4. Lay a lower encapsulation film on top of the battery layer 3;

[0105] S5. Lay a backsheet 4 on top of the lower encapsulation film to form a stacked structure;

[0106] S6. Subject the above stacked structure to lamination treatment to obtain a laminated product. At this time, the upper encapsulation film and the lower encapsulation film are extruded to form an encapsulation layer 2;

[0107] S7. Perform framing and junction box installation to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0108] During the preparation process of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment, for Figure 8 the shown photovoltaic module, the encapsulation film can be laid in all areas of the cover plate 1 and the backsheet 4; for Figure 9 the shown photovoltaic module, the encapsulation film can be laid only in the cavity formed by the first area 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first area 10 of the backsheet 4. After lamination, the encapsulation film is extruded to cover between the second area 20 of the cover plate 1 and the second area 20 of the backsheet 4 and within the groove structure 8.

[0109] Embodiment 2:

[0110] A first type of photovoltaic module encapsulated with a liquid. This photovoltaic module can be a double-glass module of PERC, TOPCon, HJT, BC and their stacked cells. The structural schematic diagram of this photovoltaic module is as Figure 12 shown. Among them, Figure 12 the thickness difference between the thickness of the second area 20 and the thickness of the first area 10 of the cover plate 1 and the thickness difference between the thickness of the second area 20 and the thickness of the first area 10 of the backsheet 4 are both 0.5 mm. The widths of the second area 20 of the cover plate 1 and the second area 20 of the backsheet 4 are both 15 mm. A groove structure 8 is provided on its side. The height of the groove structure 8 is 0.3 mm. The width of the first shoulder 81 is 6 mm. The width difference between the width of the second shoulder 82 and the width of the first shoulder 81 of the groove structure 8 is 4 mm. The width of the second shoulder 82 is 10 mm. When encapsulating this photovoltaic module, the encapsulation layer 2 includes a first encapsulation layer 21 located in the cavity formed by the first area 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first area 10 of the backsheet 4, and a second encapsulation layer 22 located between the second area 20 of the cover plate 1 and the second area 20 of the backsheet 4 and at the edge part of the cavity. Among them, the first encapsulation layer 21 is encapsulated with an encapsulation liquid, and this encapsulation liquid is an encapsulation liquid oil, such as insulating and voltage-resistant oil; the second encapsulation layer 22 uses a 1.5-mm-thick encapsulation film as a sealing material. In this embodiment, the sealing material is a high-strength structural adhesive and butyl rubber.

[0111] Inside the photovoltaic module, a battery support structure 5 is installed in the cavity formed by the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4. The battery support structure 5 includes a separation layer 51, and a main support layer 52 and a bottom adhesive layer 53 which are stacked. The bottom adhesive layer 53 and the main support layer 52 are designed as cylinders. The bottom adhesive layer 53 of the battery support structure 5 is fixed on the back plate 4 through its own adhesiveness to realize the fixation of the battery support structure 5; the main support layer 52 bears the four corners of the battery string (such as Figure 14 shown); the top of the separation layer 51 abuts against the inner side of the cover plate 1, and the four edges of the separation layer 51 can achieve the effect of fixing the battery string.

[0112] This photovoltaic module uses a low-temperature sealing process, which can reduce the thermal damage during the module manufacturing process. The liquid encapsulation oil used has characteristics such as high light transmittance, recyclability, and high thermal conductivity. At the same time, since water and oil are incompatible, even if water vapor intrudes due to extremely harsh extreme environments or damage to the second encapsulation layer 22, only droplets will form and accumulate in the edge area of the photovoltaic module, and will not contact the battery layer 3, solving the problem that existing photovoltaic modules are afraid of water vapor.

[0113] The specific manufacturing method of the above photovoltaic module mainly includes the following steps:

[0114] S1. Prepare the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 with a groove structure 8 opened on their sides;

[0115] S2. Install the battery support structure 5 in the first region 10 of the back plate 4;

[0116] S3. Lay and lead out the battery layer 3 based on the battery support structure 5;

[0117] S4. Lay a sealing material in the second region 20 of the cover plate 1, and the sealing material is butyl rubber;

[0118] S5. Cover the edge-heated cover plate 1 onto the back plate 4, and perform pre-lamination processes such as pressing, integrating, and flipping to obtain a laminated part;

[0119] S6. Inject liquid encapsulation oil into the cavity formed by the first region 10 of the back plate 4 and the cover plate 1, and plug the oil injection hole;

[0120] S7. Perform frame installation and junction box installation processes to obtain the photovoltaic module.

[0121] After the photovoltaic module undergoes the DH3000h aging test, there is no water vapor intrusion phenomenon at the edge of the module, no delamination phenomenon at the edge, and the edge solar cells are EL normal; after the TC600 aging test, there is no delamination phenomenon at the edge, the edge solar cells are EL normal, and the average value change of the edge thickness before and after the module aging is within 0.05 mm.

[0122] Example 3:

[0123] A second type of photovoltaic module encapsulated with a liquid. This photovoltaic module is a double-glass module of perovskite and its tandem cells. The structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module is as Figure 15 shown. Among them, Figure 15 the thickness difference between the thickness of the second region 20 and the thickness of the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the thickness difference between the thickness of the second region 20 and the thickness of the first region 10 of the back plate 4 are both 0.25 mm. The widths of the second regions 20 of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 are both 8 mm. A groove structure 8 is provided on the side facing it. The height of the groove structure 8 is 0.4 mm. The width of the first shoulder 81 is 4 mm. The width difference between the width of the second shoulder 82 and the width of the first shoulder 81 of the groove structure 8 is 2 mm. The width of the second shoulder 82 is 6 mm. When this photovoltaic module is encapsulated, the encapsulation layer 2 includes a first encapsulation layer 21 located in the cavity formed by the first region 10 of the cover plate 1 and the first region 10 of the back plate 4, and a second encapsulation layer 22 located between the second regions 20 of the cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 and at the edge part of the cavity. Among them, the first encapsulation layer 21 is encapsulated with an encapsulation liquid, and this encapsulation liquid is a liquid encapsulation oil, such as insulating and voltage-resistant oil; the second encapsulation layer 22 uses a 15-mm-wide and 1-mm-thick encapsulation adhesive film as the sealing material, and the sealing material in this embodiment is butyl rubber.

[0124] The specific preparation method of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module mainly includes the following steps:

[0125] S1. Prepare a cover plate 1 and a back plate 4 with a groove structure 8 provided on the side facing it;

[0126] S2. Install a battery layer 3 composed of perovskite solar cells on the cover plate 1. Among them, the cell structure of the perovskite solar cell includes: a transparent conductive layer 31, a hole transport layer 32, a perovskite optoelectronic conversion layer 33, an electron transport layer 34, and a back electrode 35 (as Figure 16 shown);

[0127] S3. Arrange 15-mm-wide and 1-mm-thick butyl rubber on the second region 20 of the cover plate 1;

[0128] S4. Cover the back plate 4, integrate and laminate to obtain a laminate;

[0129] S5. Inject liquid encapsulation oil and plug the oil injection hole;

[0130] S6. Perform framing and junction box installation processing to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0131] In the preparation process of the photovoltaic module of this embodiment, a low-temperature lamination process at 70-90 °C is used for module production, which significantly improves the thermal damage in the module manufacturing process, and the CTM is increased by 1% compared with the conventional adhesive film laminated module. In addition, for the sealing of the oil injection hole, an encapsulation adhesive film can be used.

[0132] The introduction provided in the above steps is only used to help understand the method, structure and core idea of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kind of photovoltaic glass, characterized in that, It includes a first region (10) and a second region (20) extending outward from the outside of the first region (10), wherein the first region (10) at least corresponds to the cell layer of the photovoltaic module. A groove structure (8) opening towards the side is provided at the edge of the second region (20). The width of a first shoulder (81) on one side of the groove structure (8) in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass is equal to or less than the width of a second shoulder (82) on the opposite side of the groove structure (8) in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, and the width of the second shoulder (82) is less than or equal to the width of the second region (20).

2. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the second region (20) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the first region (10), such that the second region (20) has a flush portion (30) flush with the first region (10) and a protruding portion (40) protruding from the first region (10) on one side in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic glass, and the groove structure (8) is provided in the protruding portion (40).

3. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the second shoulder (82) is greater than the thickness of the first shoulder (81).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein, An embedded groove (9) recessed in a direction away from the groove structure (8) is provided on the inner wall of the second shoulder (82) facing the groove structure (8).

5. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, wherein the width of the first shoulder (81) is 1 mm - 10 mm, and the width of the second shoulder (82) is 1 mm - 10 mm; and / or the width of the second region (20) is 2 mm - 15 mm.

6. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the first shoulder (81) is 20% - 25% of the total thickness of the second region (20); the thickness of the groove structure (8) is 20% - 25% of the total thickness of the second region (20); the thickness of the second shoulder (82) is 50% - 60% of the total thickness of the second region (20).

7. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 4, wherein the depth of the embedded groove (9) is 15% - 30% of the thickness of the second shoulder (82).

8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes a cover plate (1), a back plate (4), an encapsulation layer (2) and a cell layer (3). The encapsulation layer (2) is used to encapsulate the cell layer (3) between the cover plate (1) and the back plate (4), wherein the cover plate (1) and the back plate (4) are the photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1 - 7. The first region (10) and the second region (20) included in the cover plate (1) respectively correspond to the first region (10) and the second region (20) included in the back plate (4). The first shoulder (81) of the cover plate (1) and the first shoulder (81) of the back plate (4) are close to the cell layer (3) of the photovoltaic module, and the second shoulder (82) of the cover plate (1) and the second shoulder (82) of the back plate (4) are away from the cell layer (3) of the photovoltaic module. The encapsulation layer (2) includes a first encapsulation layer (21) located in the first region (10) corresponding to the cover plate (1) and the back plate (4), and a second encapsulation layer (22) corresponding to the second region (20) of the cover plate (1) and the back plate (4). The second encapsulation layer (22) extends between the first shoulders (81) of the cover plate (1) and the back plate (4), into the groove structure (8) of the cover plate (1), and into the groove structure (8) of the back plate (4).

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, wherein the first encapsulation layer (21) and the second encapsulation layer (22) are made of the same material, the first encapsulation layer (21) is one or more of an EVA film, a POE film, a PVB film, and an EPE film, and / or the second encapsulation layer (22) is one or more of an EVA film, a POE film, a PVB film, and an EPE film.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, wherein the first encapsulation layer (21) and the second encapsulation layer (22) are made of different materials, the first encapsulation layer (21) is a liquid encapsulation oil, and / or the second encapsulation layer (22) is one or more of butyl rubber, silica gel, and epoxy resin.

11. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Comprising: Step 1: Lay one of the cover plate (1) or the back plate (4), where the cover plate (1) and the back plate (4) are the photovoltaic glass according to any one of claims 1-7, and the first shoulder (81) of the cover plate (1) or the back plate (4) faces upward; Step 2: Lay the battery layer (3) in the first region (10) of the laid cover plate (1) or back plate (4); Step 3: Lay the second encapsulation layer (22) in the second region (20) on the laid cover plate (1) or back plate (4); Step 4: Lay the back plate (4) or the cover plate (1) and perform pre-lamination to seal the second region (20) of the cover plate (1) and the second region (20) of the back plate (4) with each other; Step 5: Inject liquid encapsulation oil into the space enclosed by the first region (10) of the cover plate (1) and the first region (10) of the back plate (4) to form the first encapsulation layer (21), and finally form the photovoltaic module.

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