Soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali plate breaking improvement

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural motor vehicles, in particular to a soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali plate breaking improvement. Comprising a frame, walking wheels are arranged on the two sides of the frame, lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the frame, and the two lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged in a splayed shape; the lifting wheel mechanism comprises a supporting inclined rod which is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the supporting inclined rod is hinged to the bottom of the frame, a lifting wheel is fixed to the lower end of the supporting inclined rod, the push-pull rod drives the supporting inclined rod to rotate, and the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame is adjusted; when the device does not work, the push-pull rod pushes the supporting inclined rod to rotate anticlockwise until the lifting wheel makes contact with the ground, the ploughing system, the spiral plough set system and the straw discharging system are all located above the ground, and the walking wheels are suspended; in the working process, the push-pull rod pulls the supporting inclined rod to rotate clockwise till the lifting wheel is suspended, the walking wheel makes contact with the ground, and the ploughing system, the spiral plough set system and the straw discharging system reach the designated working depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural motor vehicles, and particularly relates to a soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali soil breaking and improvement. Background Art

[0002] In the agricultural improvement of coastal muddy saline-alkali land, soil turning operation, as an important link for breaking soil crust and improving soil permeability, has become a key means to improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil. Common methods mainly include manual soil turning and mechanical deep loosening. Among them, manual or mechanical soil turning can, to a certain extent, break soil crust, improve soil physical structure, and enhance permeability. However, there are obvious limitations in the large-scale popularization of soil turning operation: low operation efficiency, high operation cost, large manual or mechanical input, and the improvement effect is difficult to last. After a period of time, soil often re-crusts or even salt rebounds. In addition, disturbing the soil layer structure during soil turning may exacerbate the upward migration of salts and further aggravate salt damage.

[0003] Another common technical path is to use trench opening means to enhance soil water permeability and salt drainage effect. However, at present, the working depth of most deep plowing or trench opening equipment is about 30 cm, which is difficult to act on deeper salt enrichment areas, and the deep soil structure still cannot be effectively broken and reconstructed. At the same time, due to the inability to synchronously complete the stable treatment and backfilling compaction of the trench structure, it is easy to cause trench wall collapse and surface soil erosion, further deteriorating the soil structure and seriously affecting the flatness of subsequent farmland and the operability of crop planting.

[0004] In addition, most existing deep plowing equipment has a low center of gravity and a single walking mechanism design. In the non-operating state, the equipment usually lacks the ability of independent drive or support conversion and is difficult to move flexibly between farmlands or different plots, seriously restricting its mobility and the feasibility of continuous operation in multiple plots. This phenomenon of restricted movement not only increases the transportation cost but also reduces the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system.

[0005] Therefore, existing soil turning equipment has many deficiencies in terms of structural function, trench treatment, and mobility, cannot achieve long-term soil improvement, causes damage to the soil structure, and is difficult to meet the actual needs of deep soil improvement in saline-alkali land, especially coastal muddy saline-alkali land. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali soil breaking and improvement, which is applicable to coastal muddy saline-alkali land, has strong mobility, and is convenient to walk.

[0007] The present invention provides a soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali soil breaking and improvement, comprising: Frame, a control room is arranged above the frame, and walking wheels are arranged on both sides of the frame. Lifting wheel mechanisms are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the frame, and the two lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged in a V shape; the lifting wheel mechanism includes: Supporting inclined rod, which is inclined, and its upper end is hinged to the bottom of the frame. The hinge point of the supporting inclined rod and the frame is the first hinge point. Lifting wheel, which is arranged at the lower end of the supporting inclined rod. When the supporting inclined rod rotates around the first hinge point, the distance between the lifting wheel and the ground changes accordingly. Pushing and pulling assembly, including a push-pull rod. One end of the push-pull rod is fixed to the supporting inclined rod, and the other end is slidably connected to the bottom of the frame. At the bottom position of the frame between the two lifting wheel mechanisms, in the walking direction, a plowing system, a spiral plow group system, a straw feeding system, and a compaction system are arranged in sequence from front to back. When the trailer is not working, the push-pull rod pushes the supporting inclined rod to rotate counterclockwise, the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame increases until the lifting wheel contacts the ground, the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system are all above the ground, and the walking wheels are suspended. The frame is towed, and the lifting wheel drives the trailer to be transported to the working area. When the trailer is working, the push-pull rod pulls the supporting inclined rod to rotate clockwise, the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame shortens until the lifting wheel is suspended, the walking wheels contact the ground, and the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system all reach the specified operation depth.

[0008] The trailer of this technical solution realizes continuous automatic ditch digging and straw feeding operations for coastal muddy saline-alkali land. At the same time, the lifting wheel mechanism enables the trailer to have an independent supporting and walking ability when it is in a non-operating state, can move flexibly between farmlands or different plots, has strong mobility, realizes continuous operation on multiple plots, reduces the transportation cost, and improves the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the pushing and pulling assembly further includes a telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly includes: Hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the frame. Slider, a chute is arranged on the bottom surface of the frame, the slider is arranged in the chute, the slider is fixed to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the slider is also hinged and fixed to the other end of the push-pull rod. One end of the push-pull rod is hinged to the slider, and the other end is hinged to the supporting inclined rod. The piston rod extends, pushing the slider to move inward from the end of the frame along the slide groove, increasing the angle between the push-pull rod and the frame, and the push-pull rod pushes the supporting diagonal rod to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point, causing the lifting wheel to move toward the ground; The piston rod contracts, pulling the slider along the slide groove from the inside of the frame to the end, the angle between the push-pull rod and the frame decreases, the push-pull pull causes the supporting diagonal rod to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point, and the lifting wheel moves away from the ground.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the running wheels are arranged on the left and right sides of the frame through fixed brackets, and the fixed brackets include a vertically arranged support rod and a connecting rod fixed to the bottom end of the support rod and extending horizontally toward the outside of the frame, and the top end of the support rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the frame; When working, the running wheels are used to support the weight of the trailer and drive the trailer to move; when not working, the running wheels are suspended in the air.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the plowing depth of the plowing system is greater than or equal to the crushing depth of the spiral plow group system. When the lifting wheel is not in operation, in order to prevent other components of the loose soil and landfill from contacting the ground and causing walking inconvenience, the supporting diagonal rod and the fixed bracket meet the following conditions: L 斜杆 +R 托举轮 >L 支撑杆 +R 行走轮 Among them, L 斜杆 is the length of the supporting diagonal rod, R 托举轮 is the radius of the lifting wheel, L 支撑杆 is the length of the support rod, R 行走轮 is the radius of the travel wheel.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the plowing system includes a horizontally arranged bottom shovel plate and vertical moldboards evenly distributed side by side on the bottom shovel plate, wherein the vertical moldboards are parallel to the travel direction of the trailer, the bottom shovel plate scoops up the soil, and the vertical moldboards cut the scooped soil into strips; In some embodiments of the present application, a soil crushing mechanism is provided at the rear of the plowing system, and the soil crushing mechanism includes a plurality of roller cutter assemblies arranged side by side, and the roller cutter assembly is located between the two vertical plowboards. The roller cutter assembly includes a roller and roller cutters evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the roller. The roller rotates, driving the roller cutter to rotate, thereby crushing the surface layer of soil cut by the plowing system.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to further reduce the resistance of the plowing system to shovel soil, a wetting system is further provided above the plowing system. The wetting system includes a water tank disposed at the top of the vertical plow board. The water tank is used to store water. The water tank is connected to a water pump. The water pump is connected to a plurality of water pipes. The water pipes are disposed at the edges of each vertical plow board. The water pipes are evenly distributed with water outlet holes. The water pump diverts the water in the water tank into each water pipe. The water in the water pipe flows into the soil through the water outlet holes to wet the soil cut by the vertical plow board.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to facilitate deep crushing of the cut soil, the spiral plow group system includes a plurality of spiral plow monomers arranged side by side. The spiral plow monomers are correspondingly arranged with the rotary cutting tool assembly, and the spiral plow monomers are inclined from top to bottom in the advancing direction of the trailer. The bottom end of the spiral plow monomer is at the same depth as the bottom shovel plate; The spiral plow monomer includes a rotating shaft and spiral blades arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft. The width of the spiral blades gradually increases from bottom to top, while horizontally cutting and crushing the soil, the spiral blades transport the crushed soil upward in a spiral manner to form strip-shaped deep grooves.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the top of each spiral plow monomer is connected with a horizontally arranged soil conveying flat plate extending backward. The spiral plow monomer transports the crushed soil upward onto the soil conveying flat plate to form the deep grooves; An inclined isolation baffle is inclinedly arranged below the soil conveying flat plate. One end of the isolation baffle is fixed at the top of the spiral plow monomer, and the other end extends backward and downward. The soil on the soil conveying flat plate enters the isolation baffle. The isolation baffle prevents the soil from falling into the deep groove at the front end of the feeding pipe and guides the soil to the rear side of the feeding pipe. After the straw falls into the deep pit, the soil is backfilled obliquely downward above the straw through the isolation baffle. The isolation baffle avoids the situation of soil falling first and then straw falling.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to enable the straw to be laid flat in the deep groove and improve the uniformity of landfill, the straw feeding system includes a straw box hopper for storing straw located above the vehicle frame and a plurality of feeding pipes connected to the straw box hopper and located below the vehicle frame. The feeding pipes are correspondingly arranged with the spiral plow monomers. The straw enters the feeding pipes from the straw box hopper to achieve grouped collection of the straw; A discharging cylinder is further connected below the feeding pipe. The discharging cylinder is a cuboid structure with an open bottom end. The straw in the feeding pipe enters the discharging cylinder and is evenly dispersed and drops from the open bottom end; The bottom end of the feeding cylinder is hinged and fixed with a straw guide plate. The straw guide plate is on the bottom surface of the deep groove, and the width of the straw guide plate is adapted to the width of the deep groove. The straw falling from the feeding cylinder falls onto and spreads on the straw guide plate. During the movement of the trailer, the straw guide plate spreads and fills the straw in the deep groove; The isolation baffle guides the broken soil to the rear of the straw guide plate and backfills it above the straw.

[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, the passive trailer for integrated soil loosening and landfill for saline-alkali soil breaking and improvement of the present invention realizes continuous automatic trench digging and straw feeding operations for coastal muddy saline-alkali soil. At the same time, the lifting wheel mechanism enables the trailer to have an independent supporting walking ability in the non-operating state, can move flexibly between farmlands or different plots, has strong mobility, realizes continuous operation of multiple plots, reduces the transportation cost, and improves the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system; The plowing system can perform strip cutting on the saline-alkali soil. The spiral plow group system can further perform horizontal soil breaking cutting in space and has its own spiral soil transportation function. The design of being wider at the top and narrower at the bottom fully considers the change of soil pressure with depth and further reduces the difficulty of soil shoveling; The spiral plow group system transports the soil out to the soil conveying plate to form a deep groove, the straw feeding system performs straw landfill, and the isolation baffle realizes soil backfilling. The device of the present invention can realize the process of deep continuous automatic trench digging, straw feeding and continuous soil backfilling, realizes the process of strip soil treatment for saline-alkali soil. After burying the straw and backfilling the original soil, the salt leaching efficiency of the saline-alkali soil is improved, which is beneficial to the natural improvement of the regional soil environment. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a left view structural schematic diagram of the passive trailer for integrated soil loosening and landfill for saline-alkali soil breaking and improvement according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the frame, walking wheels and compaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical plow plate and wetting system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a top view of a part of the vertical plow plate and crushing system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A; Figure 6This is a top view of a partial spiral plow unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure, 10 is the frame; 11 is the control room; 12 is the traveling wheel; 13 is the fixed bracket, 131 is the support rod, 132 is the connecting rod, 133 is the reinforcing rib; 20 is the lifting wheel mechanism, 211 is the support diagonal rod, 212 is the first hinge point, 213 is the lifting wheel, 214 is the push-pull assembly, 2141 is the push-pull rod, 2142 is the hydraulic cylinder, 2143 is the slider, 215 is the second hinge point, 216 is the third hinge point; 30 is the plowing system, 31 is the bottom shovel plate, 32 is the vertical plow plate, 321 is the inclined waist, 322 is the lower bottom edge, 323 is the upper bottom edge, 33 is the arc-shaped slice, 34 is the plate frame; 40 is the spiral plow group system, 41 is the spiral plow unit, 411 is the rotating shaft, 412 is the spiral blade, 42 is the soil conveying flat plate, 43 is the isolation baffle, 44 is the soil returning guide plate; 50 is the straw feeding system, 51 is the straw box hopper, 52 is the receiving funnel, 53 is the feeding pipe, 54 is the discharging cylinder, 541 is the opening, 55 is the straw guide plate; 60 is the wetting system, 61 is the water tank, 62 is the water pipe; 70 is the soil crushing mechanism, 71 is the rotary cutting knife assembly, 711 is the roller, 712 is the rotary cutting knife; 80 is the straw; 90 is the compaction system, 91 is the compaction support rod, 92 is the pressure roller, 93 is the spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "horizontal", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0022] The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0024] As Figures 1-6 shown, this embodiment provides a passive trailer for integrated soil loosening and landfill for saline-alkali soil improvement, including: A frame 10, with a control room 11 arranged above the frame. The control room 11 controls the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 of the trailer. Walking wheels 12 are arranged on both sides of the frame 10. In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the walking wheels 12 are arranged on the left and right sides of the frame 10 through fixed brackets 13. The fixed bracket 13 includes a vertically arranged support rod 131 and a connecting rod 132 fixed at the bottom of the support rod 131 and extending horizontally outward from the frame 10. The top of the support rod 131 is fixed on the bottom surface of the frame 10. In order to increase the support strength of the fixed bracket and prevent the support rod 131 from being compressed and deformed, a reinforcing rib 133 is arranged between the support rod 131 and the connecting rod 132; the distance between the two walking wheels 12 is greater than or equal to the width of the frame 10, and the walking wheels 12 do not occupy the lower space of the frame 10, so as to facilitate the normal operation of the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50.

[0025] In order to enable the trailer to have independent support and walking ability when not working, be able to move flexibly between farmlands or different plots, and not cause collision damage to the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50, lifting wheel mechanisms 20 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the frame 10, as Figure 1 shown, the two lifting wheel mechanisms 20 are arranged in a V shape; the structure of the lifting wheel mechanism 20 includes: A support diagonal rod 211 inclined downward from top to bottom in the length direction along the inside of the frame and outward. The upper end of the support diagonal rod 211 is hinged to the bottom of the frame 10, and the hinge point between the support diagonal rod 211 and the frame 10 is the first hinge point 212; A lifting wheel 213 arranged at the lower end of the support diagonal rod 211. When the support diagonal rod 211 rotates around the first hinge point 212, the distance between the lifting wheel 213 and the ground changes; The lifting wheel mechanism 20 of this embodiment further includes a push-pull assembly 214. The push-pull assembly 214 pushes the support diagonal rod 211 to rotate around the first hinge point 212. Specifically, the push-pull assembly 214 includes a push-pull rod 2141. One end of the push-pull rod 2141 is hinged and fixed to a position above the support diagonal rod 211. The forward and backward movement of the push-pull rod 2141 can drive the support diagonal rod 211 to rotate around the first hinge point 212. The push-pull assembly 214 further includes a telescopic assembly connected to the other end of the push-pull rod 2141. The telescopic assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 2142 and a slider 2143 fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142. The cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the vehicle frame 10, and the telescopic direction of the piston rod is parallel to the forward direction of the equipment. The slider 2143 slides back and forth on the bottom surface of the vehicle frame 10 as the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 extends and retracts.

[0026] To facilitate the movement of the slider 2143, a chute (not shown in the figure) is opened on the bottom surface of the vehicle frame 10 in this embodiment. The chute extends parallel to the forward direction of the equipment. The chute limits the slider 2143 in the left-right direction to prevent the slider 2143 from swaying left and right, and at the same time guides the slider 2143 in the front-rear direction. The extension and retraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 drive the slider 2143 to move in the chute. The upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 is hinged to the slider 2143, and this hinge point is the second hinge point 215. The lower end is hinged to the support diagonal rod 211, and this hinge point is the third hinge point 216. When the trailer is not working, control the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 to extend, push the slider 2143 to move inward along the chute from the outside. While the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves synchronously with the slider 2143, it rotates clockwise around the second hinge point 215. While the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves downward, it rotates clockwise around the third hinge point 216. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the support diagonal rod 211 to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point 212, and the angle between the support diagonal rod 211 and the vehicle frame 10 increases. The lifting wheel 213 moves towards the ground until the lifting wheel 213 contacts the ground. The plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 are all above the ground, and the walking wheels 12 are suspended. The tractor is towed in front of the vehicle frame 10, and the lifting wheel 213 drives the trailer to be transported to the working area. Figure 1 In the figure, the arrow direction is the towing direction.

[0027] When working, the piston rod of the control hydraulic cylinder 2142 contracts, pulling the slider 2143 to move outward along the chute. While the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves outward synchronously with the slider 2143, it rotates counterclockwise around the second hinge point 215. At the same time, the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves upward and rotates counterclockwise around the third hinge point 216. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the support diagonal rod 211 to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point 212. The included angle between the support diagonal rod 211 and the vehicle frame 10 decreases, and the lifting wheel 213 moves towards the vehicle frame 10 until the lifting wheel 213 is suspended and the walking wheel 12 contacts the ground. At the same time, the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 all reach the specified working depth.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to ensure that when the trailer is not working, during the walking process of the lifting wheel 213, it is possible to prevent the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 from contacting the ground, which may cause inconvenience in walking or even damage to the equipment. The support diagonal rod 211 and the fixed bracket 13 satisfy the following conditions: L 斜杆 +R 托举轮 >L 支撑杆 +R 行走轮 Wherein, L 斜杆 is the length of the support diagonal rod 211, R 托举轮 is the radius of the lifting wheel 213, L 支撑杆 is the length of the support rod 131, and R 行走轮 is the radius of the walking wheel 12.

[0029] In order to achieve continuous automatic ditch digging and straw feeding operations, a plowing system 30 is provided at the front end of the bottom of the vehicle frame 10. In this application, the front end and the rear end both refer to the front end and the rear end in the forward direction when the trailer is working, that is Figure 1The direction indicated by the arrow is the front end; the plowing system 30 includes a horizontally arranged bottom shovel plate 31 and a plurality of vertical plow plates 32 vertically and evenly arranged side by side on the bottom shovel plate 31. The vertical plow plates 32 are parallel to the driving direction of the trailer. The bottom shovel plate 31 penetrates into the soil to a certain depth and then shovels up the soil. The vertical plow plates 32 cut the shoveled soil into strips. In this embodiment, the soil-shoveling depth of the bottom shovel plate 31 is 0.6 m; the vertical plow plates 32 are plate structures in the shape of a right trapezoid. The inclined waist 321 of the vertical plow plate 32 is located in the front for cutting the soil. The shorter lower bottom edge 322 is located at the bottom and fixed to the bottom shovel plate 31, and the longer upper bottom edge 323 is located above. In order to reduce the resistance of the vertical plow plate 32 to cut the soil, a transitional arc-shaped slice 33 extends out at the lower bottom edge 322. The two sides of the arc-shaped slice 33 are respectively welded and fixed between the inclined waist 321 and the bottom shovel plate 31. The concave arc-shaped edge is used for cutting the soil at the bottom, which can reduce the resistance. The vertical plow plate 32 and the bottom shovel plate 31 are connected by a vertically arranged plate frame 34. The plate frame 34 includes a plurality of vertical plate strips. The spacing between the vertical plate strips is the same as the spacing between two vertical plow plates 32, so that the strip-shaped soil cut by the vertical plow plate 32 can smoothly pass through the plate frame 34.

[0030] Due to the coastal muddy saline-alkali land, the soil is severely compacted, the cutting resistance is large during plowing, and the structural fracture is uneven, which affects the subsequent crushing and landfill treatment effects. In order to reduce the resistance of the plowing system 30 to shovel soil, a wetting system 60 is also provided above the plowing system 30, as Figure 3 shown. The wetting system 60 includes a water tank 61 arranged on the top of the plate frame 34. The water tank 61 is used to store water. The water tank 61 is connected to a water pump (not shown in the figure). The water pump is connected to a plurality of water pipes 62. The water pipes 62 are embedded in the edges of each vertical plow plate 32. Water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the water pipes 62. The circulating pressurized water pump diverts the water in the water tank 61 into each water pipe 62. The water in the water pipe 62 flows into the soil through the water outlet holes to wet the soil cut by the vertical plow plate 32. A tee joint and a pressure valve (not shown in the figure) are provided at the end of the water pipe 62. Part of the water flows away naturally due to being mixed with mud, and part of the water returns to the water tank 61 when the water pressure is high to save water.

[0031] After the plowing system 30 cuts the soil into strips, the surface soil is broken by a soil crushing mechanism 70. The soil crushing mechanism 70 is arranged behind the plowing system 30, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the soil crushing mechanism 70 includes a plurality of rotary cutting knife assemblies 71 arranged side by side. The rotary cutting knife assemblies 71 are located between two vertical plowshares 32. Each rotary cutting knife assembly 71 includes a roller shaft 711 and rotary cutting knives 712 evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller shaft 711. In this embodiment, the rotary cutting knives 712 are arc-shaped blades, and the shape of their front projection surface is arc-shaped. One straight edge at one end is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller shaft 711 parallel to the axis of the roller shaft 711, and the other straight edge is the cutting edge. When the roller shaft 711 rotates, it drives the rotary cutting knives 712 to rotate. The rotation plane of the rotary cutting knives 712 is parallel to the advancing direction of the equipment. The cutting edges of the rotary cutting knives 712 break the surface layer of the soil cut by the plowing system 30. The roller shaft 711 drives the rotary cutting knives 712 on its outer periphery to rotate at high speed. After the plowing system shovels and cuts the soil into strips, mechanical shearing is performed on the surface soil layer to achieve soil fragmentation and structural loosening, improving the thoroughness of the soil loosening treatment.

[0032] After the soil crushing mechanism 70 crushes the surface soil, in order to perform deep crushing on the cut soil, a spiral plow group system 40 is arranged behind the soil crushing mechanism 70. The spiral plow group system 40 includes a plurality of spiral plow units 41 arranged side by side. The spiral plow units 41 are arranged corresponding to the rotary cutting knife assemblies 71, and the spiral plow units 41 are inclined from top to bottom in the advancing direction of the trailer. The bottom ends of the spiral plow units 41 are at the same depth as the bottom shovel plate 31. The spiral plow units 41 are driven by a motor or a diesel engine to rotate continuously to achieve rotary cutting of the soil. Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, each spiral plow unit 41 includes a rotating shaft 411 and spiral blades 412 arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft 411. The width of the spiral blades 412 gradually increases from bottom to top, which can form a spiral upward movement path of the soil like a spiral auger while achieving rotary cutting and crushing of the soil. The crushed soil is transported upward in a spiral manner along the spiral blades 412, being crushed and lifted at the same time, so that the soil cut into strips by the two vertical plowshares 32 is transported out to form strip-shaped deep grooves.

[0033] In order to further improve the compacted soil, straw is landfilled at the bottom of the deep grooves. A straw feeding system 50 is arranged behind the spiral plow group system 40. The straw feeding system 50 includes a straw bin 51 for storing straw 80 located above the vehicle frame 10, a receiving funnel 52 connected to the straw bin 51 and located below the vehicle frame 10, and a plurality of feeding pipes 53 connected to the receiving funnel 52. The feeding pipes 53 are arranged corresponding to the spiral plow units 41 and the rotary cutting knife assemblies 71 one by one. After the straw 80 is pre-cut to a certain length, it is put into the straw bin 51. The straw 80 falls into the receiving funnel 52 below. The straw in the receiving funnel 52 is grouped and falls into the feeding pipes 53. The feeding pipes 53 group and collect the straw 80.

[0034] As Figure 5As shown, a discharge hopper 54 is also connected below the blanking pipe 53. The discharge hopper 54 is a flat cuboid structure with an opening 541 provided at its lower end. The width of the discharge hopper 54 is equal to the spacing between two adjacent vertical plow plates 32, that is, equal to the width of the deep groove. After the straw 80 in the blanking pipe 53 enters the discharge hopper 54, it is evenly dispersed and drops from the opening 541. In order to evenly spread the straw 80 on the bottom of the deep groove, a straw guide plate 55 is hinged and fixed at the bottom end of the discharge hopper 54. The straw guide plate 55 is on the bottom surface of the deep groove, conforming to the bottom trend of the deep groove, playing a role of supporting and guiding the laying. The width of the straw guide plate 55 is adapted to the width of the deep groove. The straw 80 dropped from the discharge hopper 54 falls onto and spreads evenly on the straw guide plate 55. During the movement of the trailer, the straw guide plate 55 spreads and fills the straw 80 in the deep groove. The landfill depth of the straw 80 is 0.2 m.

[0035] To ensure that the straw is evenly covered by the soil after being laid at the bottom of the trench and prevent the soil broken by the spiral plow group system 40 from falling into the trench prematurely, especially the part in front of the blanking pipe 53. If the soil falls before the straw 80, it will result in poor burying effect and ineffective operation. Therefore, an effective isolation structure needs to be set up to guide the soil landing point to the rear area below the straw. As Figure 5 shown, a horizontally arranged soil conveying flat plate 42 extending backward is connected to the top of each spiral plow unit 41. The spiral plow unit 41 transports the broken soil upward onto the soil conveying flat plate 42. There are evenly distributed gaps on the soil conveying flat plate 42, and the broken soil falls from the gaps. An isolation baffle 43 is inclinedly arranged below the soil conveying flat plate 42. One end of the isolation baffle 43 is fixed to the top of the spiral plow unit 41, and the other end extends backward and downward, and then is connected to the soil returning guide plate 44. The soil returning guide plate 44 intersects with the blanking pipe 53 and extends to the rear of the straw guide plate 55. The soil on the soil conveying flat plate 42 falls onto the isolation baffle 43. The isolation baffle 43 delays the falling time and position of the broken soil, preventing the soil from falling into the front deep groove of the blanking pipe 53. The soil returning guide plate 44 continues to guide the soil to the rear side of the straw guide plate 55. After the straw 80 falls into the deep pit, the soil is inclinedly backfilled above the straw 80 through the isolation baffle 43 and the soil returning guide plate 44. The isolation baffle avoids the situation of soil falling first and then straw, realizing the operation sequence of filling straw first and then covering soil, ensuring uniform and orderly landfill. After backfilling 0.6 m of broken soil above the straw.

[0036] After the soil is backfilled, it is necessary to compact the soil to improve its stability and density, and reduce the collapse or damage of the land surface after the operation. A compaction system 90 is provided behind the receiving funnel 52 for compacting the backfilled soil. The compaction system 90 of this embodiment includes two compaction support rods 91 and a pressure roller 92. The front ends of the compaction support rods 91 are hinged to the rear side wall of the receiving funnel 52, and the rear ends of the two compaction support rods 91 are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the pressure roller 92. During the forward movement of the equipment, the compaction support rods 91 pull the pressure roller 92 to roll, compacting the backfilled soil.

[0037] To improve the compaction ability of the pressure roller 92, a spring 93 is also connected between the compaction support rod 91 and the receiving funnel 52. The spring 93 is in a compressed state, applying pressure to the compaction support rod 91, thereby increasing the downward pressure of the pressure roller 92 and achieving a better compaction effect.

[0038] When the passive trailer for integrated soil loosening and landfill for saline-alkali hardpan improvement of this embodiment is in use, first, control the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 to extend, pushing the slider 2143 to move inward along the chute. While the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves synchronously with the slider 2143, it rotates clockwise around the second hinge point 215. While the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves downward, it rotates clockwise around the third hinge point 216. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the support diagonal rod 211 to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point 212, increasing the angle between the support diagonal rod 211 and the vehicle frame 10, and the lifting wheel 213 moves towards the ground until the lifting wheel 213 contacts the ground. The plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 are all above the ground and will not perform plowing and shoveling, and the walking wheels 12 are suspended. The tractor is towed in front of the vehicle frame 10, and the lifting wheel 213 drives the trailer to transport to the working area; Then, after manually assisting in transitional digging and shoveling of soil, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 is controlled to contract, pulling the slider 2143 to move outward along the chute. While the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves outward synchronously with the slider 2143, it rotates counterclockwise around the second hinge point 215. At the same time, the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves upward and rotates counterclockwise around the third hinge point 216. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the support diagonal rod 211 to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point 212. The angle between the support diagonal rod 211 and the vehicle frame 10 decreases, and the lifting wheel 213 moves towards the vehicle frame 10 until the lifting wheel 213 is suspended and the walking wheel 12 contacts the ground. At the same time, the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 all reach the specified working depth; the tractor is used for traction work. The plowing system 30 makes vertical cuts in the soil, the soil crushing mechanism 70 crushes the surface soil, and the spiral plow monomer 41 of the spiral plow group system 40 deeply crushes the soil and then transports the soil upward to the upper soil conveying plate 42 at the same time. The soil conveying plate 42 temporarily stores and transports the soil. The straw also passes through the falling soil in space and reaches the rear side of the spiral plow group system 40. Then the soil falls through the gaps between the blanking pipes 53 via the isolation baffle 43 and the soil returning guide plate 44, thus realizing the effective connection in space and time of the three actions of shoveling soil, feeding straw, and returning soil. Finally, a certain compaction effect is carried out by the compaction system 90. Repeating the above process can complete the soil treatment process of the entire area.

[0039] The trailer of this embodiment realizes continuous automatic trench digging and straw feeding operations for coastal muddy saline-alkali land. At the same time, the lifting wheel mechanism enables the trailer to have independent support and walking ability when it is in a non-operating state, can move flexibly between farmlands or different plots, has strong mobility, realizes continuous operation of multiple plots, reduces the transportation cost, and improves the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system at the same time; The plowing system can perform strip cutting on saline-alkali land. The spiral plow group system can further perform horizontal soil breaking and cutting in space and has its own spiral soil transportation function. The design with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part fully considers the change of soil pressure with depth and further reduces the difficulty of shoveling soil; The spiral plow group system transports the soil to the soil conveying plate to form strip-shaped deep trenches. The straw feeding system fills the straw. The isolation baffle realizes soil backfilling. The device of the present invention can realize the processes of deep continuous automatic trench digging, straw feeding, and continuous soil backfilling, realizes the process of strip-shaped soil treatment for saline-alkali land. After the straw is buried and the original soil is backfilled, the salt leaching efficiency of the saline-alkali land soil is improved, which is beneficial to the natural improvement of the regional soil environment.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or perform equivalent replacements on some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive trailer for integrated soil loosening and landfill for saline-alkali soil breaking and plate improving, characterized in that, Including: A vehicle frame, with a control room arranged above the vehicle frame and walking wheels arranged on both sides; Lifting wheel mechanisms are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the vehicle frame, and the two lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged in a V-shaped layout; The lifting wheel mechanism includes: A support diagonal rod, which is inclined and its upper end is hinged to the bottom of the vehicle frame. The hinge point between the support diagonal rod and the vehicle frame is the first hinge point; A lifting wheel, which is arranged at the lower end of the support diagonal rod. When the support diagonal rod rotates around the first hinge point, the distance between the lifting wheel and the ground changes accordingly; A push-pull assembly, including a push-pull rod. One end of the push-pull rod is fixed to the support diagonal rod, and the other end is slidably connected to the bottom of the vehicle frame; At the bottom position of the vehicle frame between the two lifting wheel mechanisms, in the walking direction, a plowing system, a spiral plow group system, a straw feeding system, and a compaction system are arranged in sequence from front to back; When the trailer is not working, the push-pull rod pushes the support diagonal rod to rotate counterclockwise, the distance between the lifting wheel and the vehicle frame increases until the lifting wheel contacts the ground, the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system are all above the ground, the walking wheels are suspended, towing the vehicle frame, and the lifting wheels drive the trailer to be transported to the working area; When the trailer is working, the push-pull rod pulls the support diagonal rod to rotate clockwise, the distance between the lifting wheel and the vehicle frame shortens until the lifting wheel is suspended, the walking wheels contact the ground, and the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system all reach the specified working depth.

2. The soil-loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that The push-pull assembly further includes a telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly includes: A hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder barrel of which is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the vehicle frame; A slider, a chute is arranged on the bottom surface of the vehicle frame, the slider is arranged in the chute, the slider is fixed to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the slider is also hingedly fixed to the other end of the push-pull rod; One end of the push-pull rod is hinged to the slider, and the other end is hinged to the support diagonal rod; When the piston rod extends, it pushes the slider to move along the chute from the end of the vehicle frame towards the inside, the angle between the push-pull rod and the vehicle frame increases, the push-pull rod pushes the support diagonal rod to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point, and the lifting wheel moves towards the ground; When the piston rod contracts, it pulls the slider to move along the chute from the inside of the vehicle frame towards the end, the angle between the push-pull rod and the vehicle frame decreases, the push-pull pulls the support diagonal rod to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point, and the lifting wheel moves in the direction away from the ground.

3. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 1, wherein The walking wheels are arranged on the left and right sides of the vehicle frame through fixed brackets. The fixed brackets include vertical support rods and connecting rods fixed at the bottom ends of the support rods and extending horizontally towards the outside of the vehicle frame. The top ends of the support rods are fixed to the bottom surface of the vehicle frame; During work, the walking wheels are used to support the weight of the trailer and drive the trailer to move; when not working, the walking wheels are suspended.

4. The passive trailer for integrated soil loosening and landfill for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plowing depth of the plowing system is greater than or equal to the crushing depth of the spiral plow group system. When not in operation, during the walking of the lifting wheels, in order to prevent the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system at the bottom of the vehicle frame from contacting the ground, the support diagonal rod and the fixed bracket satisfy the following conditions: L 斜杆 +R 托举轮 >L 支撑杆 +R 行走轮 Among them, L 斜杆 is the length of the supporting diagonal rod, R 托举轮 is the radius of the lifting wheel, L 支撑杆 is the length of the supporting rod, R 行走轮 is the radius of the walking wheel.

5. The soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 1, wherein The plowing system includes a horizontally arranged bottom shovel plate and vertical plow plates evenly arranged side by side on the bottom shovel plate. The vertical plow plates are parallel to the driving direction of the trailer. The bottom shovel plate shovels up the soil, and the vertical plow plates cut the shoveled soil into strip shapes.

6. The soil-loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 5, wherein A soil crushing mechanism is arranged behind the plowing system. The soil crushing mechanism includes a plurality of rolling cutter assemblies arranged side by side. The rolling cutter assemblies are located between two of the vertical plow plates. Each rolling cutter assembly includes a rolling shaft and rolling cutters evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the rolling shaft. The rolling shaft rotates to drive the rolling cutters to rotate, thereby crushing the surface layer of the soil cut by the plowing system.

7. The soil-loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 5, characterized in that, A wetting system is also arranged above the plowing system. The wetting system includes a water tank arranged at the top of the vertical plow plates. The water tank is used to store water. The water tank is connected to a water pump. The water pump is connected to a plurality of water pipes. The water pipes are arranged at the edges of each vertical plow plate. Water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the water pipes. The water pump distributes the water in the water tank into each water pipe. The water in the water pipe flows into the soil through the water outlet holes to wet the soil cut by the vertical plow plates.

8. The soil-loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 6, characterized in that The spiral plow group system includes a plurality of spiral plow monomers arranged side by side. The spiral plow monomers are arranged corresponding to the rolling cutter assemblies, and the spiral plow monomers are inclined from top to bottom in the forward direction of the trailer. The bottom ends of the spiral plow monomers are at the same depth as the bottom shovel plate; Each spiral plow monomer includes a rotating shaft and spiral blades arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft. The width of the spiral blades gradually increases from bottom to top. While horizontally cutting and crushing the soil, the spiral blades transport the crushed soil upward in a spiral manner to form strip-shaped deep grooves.

9. The soil-loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 8, characterized in that, A horizontally arranged soil conveying flat plate extending backward is connected to the top of each spiral plow monomer. The spiral plow monomer transports the crushed soil upward onto the soil conveying flat plate to form the deep grooves; An inclined isolation baffle is arranged obliquely below the soil conveying flat plate. One end of the isolation baffle is fixed to the top of the spiral plow monomer, and the other end extends obliquely backward and downward. The soil on the soil conveying flat plate enters the isolation baffle. The isolation baffle prevents the soil from falling into the deep grooves at the front end of the straw feeding system and guides the soil to the rear side of the straw feeding system. After the straw falls into the deep pit, the soil is backfilled obliquely downward above the straw through the isolation baffle.

10. The soil-loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for saline-alkali hardpan improvement according to claim 9, wherein, The straw feeding system includes a straw box hopper for storing straw located above the vehicle frame and a plurality of feeding pipes connected to the straw box hopper and located below the vehicle frame. The feeding pipes are arranged corresponding to the spiral plow monomers. Straw enters the feeding pipes from the straw box hopper to achieve grouped collection of the straw; A discharge tube is also connected to a discharge cylinder below it. The discharge cylinder is a cuboid structure with an open bottom end. After the straw in the discharge tube enters the discharge cylinder, it is evenly dispersed and falls from the open bottom end; The bottom end of the discharge cylinder is hinged and fixed with a straw guide plate. The straw guide plate is on the bottom surface of the deep groove. The width of the straw guide plate is adapted to the width of the deep groove. The straw that falls from the discharge cylinder falls into and spreads on the straw guide plate. During the movement of the trailer, the straw guide plate spreads and fills the straw in the deep groove; The isolation baffle guides the broken soil to the rear of the straw guide plate and backfills it above the straw.

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