A soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural motor vehicles, and in particular to a soil loosening and landfill integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali broken plates; the trailer comprises a frame, running wheels are provided on both sides of the frame, and lifting wheel mechanisms are provided at the front and rear ends of the frame, and the two lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged in an "eight" shape; the lifting wheel mechanism comprises an inclined supporting inclined rod, the upper end of the supporting inclined rod is hinged to the bottom of the frame, the lower end of the supporting inclined rod is fixed to the lifting wheel, and a push-pull rod drives the supporting inclined rod to rotate and adjusts the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame; when not working, the push-pull rod pushes the supporting inclined rod to rotate counterclockwise until the lifting wheel contacts the ground, and the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system are all located above the ground and the running wheel is suspended; when working, the push-pull rod pulls the supporting inclined rod to rotate clockwise until the lifting wheel is suspended, the running wheel contacts the ground, and the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system reach a specified operating depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural motor vehicles, in particular to a soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali broken plates. Background Art

[0002] In the agricultural improvement of coastal muddy saline-alkali land, tillage operations, as an important link in breaking up soil compaction and improving soil permeability, have become a key means of improving the geochemical properties of saline-alkali land. Common methods mainly include manual tillage and mechanical deep loosening. Among them, manual or mechanical tillage can, to a certain extent, break up soil compaction, improve soil physical structure, and enhance permeability. However, there are obvious limitations in the large-scale promotion of tillage operations: low operating efficiency, high operating costs, large labor or mechanical investment, and the improvement effect is difficult to sustain. After a period of time, the soil often becomes compacted again or even salt rebounds. In addition, the disturbance of the soil layer structure during tillage may aggravate the upward migration of salt and further aggravate salt damage.

[0003] Another common technical approach is to use trenching to enhance soil permeability and salt drainage. However, most current deep plowing or trenching equipment operates at a depth of around 30 cm, making it difficult to reach deeper salt-rich areas. Consequently, the deep soil structure remains ineffectively broken up and reconstructed. Furthermore, the inability to simultaneously stabilize the trench structure and backfill and compact it can easily lead to trench wall collapse and surface soil erosion, further deteriorating the soil structure and severely impacting the subsequent flatness of the farmland and the operability of crop planting.

[0004] Furthermore, most existing deep plowing equipment has a low center of gravity and a simple travel mechanism design. When not in operation, the equipment typically lacks independent drive or support switching capabilities, making it difficult to flexibly move between fields or plots. This severely limits its maneuverability and the feasibility of continuous multi-plot operations. This limited mobility not only increases transportation costs but also reduces the overall efficiency of agricultural machinery systems.

[0005] Therefore, existing soil-turning equipment has many deficiencies in structural function, trench treatment and maneuverability, and cannot achieve long-term soil improvement, causing damage to soil structure, and is difficult to meet the actual needs of deep soil improvement in saline-alkali land, especially coastal muddy saline-alkali land. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer suitable for coastal muddy saline-alkali land, with strong mobility and convenient travel, and used for improving saline-alkali broken plate.

[0007] The present invention provides a soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking, comprising:

[0008] A frame, a control room is provided above the frame, and walking wheels are provided on both sides of the frame.

[0009] A lifting wheel mechanism is provided at the front end and the rear end of the frame, respectively, and the two lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged in an "eight" shape; the lifting wheel mechanism comprises:

[0010] A supporting diagonal rod is arranged obliquely, and its upper end is hinged to the bottom of the frame, and the hinge point between the supporting diagonal rod and the frame is a first hinge point;

[0011] a lifting wheel, disposed at the lower end of the supporting oblique rod, wherein when the supporting oblique rod rotates around the first hinge point, the distance between the lifting wheel and the ground changes accordingly;

[0012] A push-pull assembly includes a push-pull rod, one end of which is fixed to the supporting diagonal rod and the other end of which is slidably connected to the bottom of the frame;

[0013] At the bottom of the frame between the two lifting wheel mechanisms, in the direction of travel, a plowing system, a spiral plow group system, a straw feeding system and a compacting system are sequentially arranged from front to back;

[0014] When the trailer is not working, the push-pull rod pushes the supporting inclined rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame increases until the lifting wheel contacts the ground. The plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system are all above the ground, and the traveling wheel is suspended in the air, pulling the frame, and the lifting wheel drives the trailer to be transported to the working area;

[0015] When the trailer is working, the push-pull rod pulls the supporting inclined rod to rotate clockwise, and the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame is shortened until the lifting wheel is suspended in the air, the traveling wheel contacts the ground, and the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system all reach the specified working depth.

[0016] The trailer of this technical solution realizes continuous automatic trenching and straw unloading operations for coastal muddy saline-alkali land. At the same time, the lifting wheel mechanism enables the trailer to have independent support and walking capabilities when not in operation. It can be flexibly moved between farmlands or different plots of land with strong maneuverability, realizing continuous operation of multiple plots, reducing transportation costs, and improving the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the push-pull assembly further includes a telescopic assembly, and the telescopic assembly includes:

[0018] a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the frame;

[0019] A slider, wherein a slide groove is provided on the bottom surface of the frame, the slider is provided in the slide groove, the slider is fixed to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the slider is also hinged and fixed to the other end of the push-pull rod;

[0020] One end of the push-pull rod is hinged to the slider, and the other end is hinged to the supporting diagonal rod;

[0021] The piston rod extends, pushing the slider to move inward from the end of the frame along the slide groove, increasing the angle between the push-pull rod and the frame, and the push-pull rod pushes the supporting diagonal rod to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point, causing the lifting wheel to move toward the ground;

[0022] The piston rod contracts, pulling the slider along the slide groove from the inside of the frame to the end, the angle between the push-pull rod and the frame decreases, the push-pull pull causes the supporting diagonal rod to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point, and the lifting wheel moves away from the ground.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the running wheels are arranged on the left and right sides of the frame through fixed brackets, and the fixed brackets include a vertically arranged support rod and a connecting rod fixed to the bottom end of the support rod and extending horizontally toward the outside of the frame, and the top end of the support rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the frame;

[0024] When working, the running wheels are used to support the weight of the trailer and drive the trailer to move; when not working, the running wheels are suspended in the air.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the plowing depth of the plowing system is greater than or equal to the crushing depth of the spiral plow group system. When the lifting wheel is not in operation, in order to prevent other components of the loose soil and landfill from contacting the ground and causing walking inconvenience, the supporting diagonal rod and the fixed bracket meet the following conditions:

[0026] L 斜杆 +R 托举轮 >L 支撑杆 +R 行走轮

[0027] Among them, L 斜杆 is the length of the supporting diagonal rod, R 托举轮 is the radius of the lifting wheel, L 支撑杆 is the length of the support rod, R 行走轮 is the radius of the travel wheel.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the plowing system includes a horizontally arranged bottom shovel plate and vertical moldboards evenly distributed side by side on the bottom shovel plate, wherein the vertical moldboards are parallel to the travel direction of the trailer, the bottom shovel plate scoops up the soil, and the vertical moldboards cut the scooped soil into strips;

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, a soil crushing mechanism is provided at the rear of the plowing system, and the soil crushing mechanism includes a plurality of roller cutter assemblies arranged side by side, and the roller cutter assembly is located between the two vertical plowboards. The roller cutter assembly includes a roller and roller cutters evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the roller. The roller rotates, driving the roller cutters to rotate, thereby crushing the surface layer of soil cut by the plowing system.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to further reduce the resistance of the plowing system to shoveling soil, a wetting system is also provided above the plowing system, and the wetting system includes a water tank provided on the top of the vertical plowboard, the water tank is used to store water, the water tank is connected to a water pump, the water pump is connected to a plurality of water pipes, the water pipes are provided at the edge of each of the vertical plowboards, and water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the water pipes. The water pump diverts the water in the water tank into each of the water pipes, and the water in the water pipes flows into the soil through the water outlet holes, and is used to moisten the soil cut by the vertical plowboard.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to facilitate deep crushing of the cut soil, the spiral plow group system includes a plurality of spiral plow units arranged side by side, the spiral plow units are arranged corresponding to the rolling cutter assembly, and the spiral plow units are arranged inclined from top to bottom in the forward direction of the trailer, and the bottom end of the spiral plow unit is consistent in depth with the bottom shovel plate;

[0032] The spiral plow unit includes a rotating shaft and a spiral blade arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft. The width of the spiral blade gradually increases from bottom to top, and it cuts and crushes the soil horizontally while transporting the crushed soil upward in a spiral manner to form a strip-shaped deep groove.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the top of each spiral plow unit is connected to a soil transport plate extending backward and arranged horizontally, and the spiral plow unit transports the crushed soil upward to the soil transport plate to form the deep ditch;

[0034] An inclined isolation baffle is arranged at an angle below the soil transport flat plate, one end of the isolation baffle is fixed to the top of the spiral plow unit, and the other end extends backward and downward. The soil on the soil transport flat plate enters the isolation baffle, and the isolation baffle prevents the soil from falling into the deep groove at the front end of the discharge pipe and guides the soil to the rear side of the discharge pipe. After the straw falls into the deep pit, the soil is backfilled above the straw by the isolation baffle. The isolation baffle prevents the soil from falling first and then the straw.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to enable the straw to be spread flat in the deep ditch and improve the uniformity of landfill, the straw feeding system includes a straw box located above the frame for storing the straw, and a plurality of feeding pipes connected to the straw box and located below the frame. The feeding pipes are arranged corresponding to the spiral plow units. The straw enters the feeding pipes from the straw box to achieve grouping and collection of the straw.

[0036] A discharge cylinder is also connected below the discharge pipe. The discharge cylinder is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with an opening at the lower end. The straw in the discharge pipe is evenly dispersed after entering the discharge cylinder and falls from the opening at the lower end.

[0037] A straw guide plate is hingedly fixed to the bottom end of the discharge barrel. The straw guide plate is on the bottom surface of the deep groove. The width of the straw guide plate matches the width of the deep groove. The straw dropped from the discharge barrel falls into and is spread flat on the straw guide plate. When the trailer is moving, the straw guide plate spreads the straw flatly and fills the deep groove.

[0038] The isolation baffle guides the crushed soil to the rear of the straw guide plate and backfills it above the straw.

[0039] Based on the above technical solution, the soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for salt-alkali plate breaking and improvement of the present invention realizes continuous automatic trenching and straw unloading operations in coastal muddy saline-alkali land. At the same time, the lifting wheel mechanism enables the trailer to have independent support and walking capabilities when not in operation, and can be flexibly moved between farmlands or different plots. It has strong maneuverability, realizes continuous operation on multiple plots, reduces transportation costs, and improves the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system.

[0040] The plowing system can perform strip cutting on saline-alkali land, and the spiral plow group system can further break the soil and cut horizontally in space, and has its own spiral soil transportation function. The design of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom fully considers the change of soil pressure with depth, further reducing the difficulty of shoveling.

[0041] The spiral plow group system transports the soil to the soil transport plate to form a deep ditch, the straw feeding system buries the straw, and the isolation baffle realizes the backfilling of soil. The device of the present invention can realize the deep continuous automatic ditching, straw feeding and continuous backfilling of soil, and realizes the strip soil treatment process for saline-alkali land. After the straw is buried and the original soil is backfilled, the salt leaching efficiency of the saline-alkali land soil is improved, which is beneficial to the natural improvement of the regional soil environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the frame, traveling wheels, and compacting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical moldboard and the wetting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 A top view of a portion of a vertical moldboard and a crushing system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a top view of a portion of a spiral plow unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure, 10, frame; 11, control room; 12, travel wheel; 13, fixed bracket; 131, support rod; 132, connecting rod; 133, reinforcing rib; 20, lifting wheel mechanism; 211, supporting diagonal rod; 212, first hinge point; 213, lifting wheel; 214, push-pull assembly; 2141, push-pull rod; 2142, hydraulic cylinder; 2143, slider; 215, second hinge point; 216, third hinge point; 30, plowing system; 31, bottom shovel plate; 32, vertical plow plate; 321, oblique waist; 322, lower bottom edge; 323, upper bottom edge; 33, arc slice; 34, plate frame ;40. Spiral plow group system;41. Spiral plow unit;411. Rotating shaft;412. Spiral blade;42. Soil transport plate;43. Isolation baffle;44. Soil return guide;50. Straw feeding system;51. Straw box;52. Receiving funnel;53. Feeding pipe;54. Discharging barrel;541. Opening;55. Straw guide;60. Wetting system;61. Water tank;62. Water pipe;70. Soil crushing mechanism;71. Rolling cutter assembly;711. Roller;712. Rolling cutter;80. Straw;90. Compacting system;91. Compacting support rod;92. Pressure roller;93. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0052] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking, comprising:

[0055] The frame 10 is provided with a control room 11 above the frame. The control room 11 controls the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40 and the straw feeding system 50 of the trailer. The frame 10 is provided with walking wheels 12 on both sides. In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the walking wheels 12 are arranged on the left and right sides of the frame 10 through a fixed bracket 13. The fixed bracket 13 includes a vertically arranged support rod 131 and a connecting rod 132 fixed to the bottom end of the support rod 131 and extending horizontally toward the outside of the frame 10. The top end of the support rod 131 is fixed to the bottom surface of the frame 10. In order to increase the supporting strength of the fixed bracket and prevent the support rod 131 from being compressed and deformed, a reinforcing rib 133 is provided between the support rod 131 and the connecting rod 132; the distance between the walking wheels 12 on both sides is greater than or equal to the width of the frame 10, and the walking wheels 12 do not occupy the lower space of the frame 10, so that the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 can work normally.

[0056] In order to enable the trailer to have independent support and walking ability when not in use, and to be able to move flexibly between farmlands or different plots without causing collision damage to the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50, a lifting wheel mechanism 20 is respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the frame 10. Figure 1 As shown, the two lifting wheel mechanisms 20 are arranged in an eight-shaped pattern; the structure of the lifting wheel mechanism 20 includes:

[0057] A support diagonal rod 211 is arranged along the inner side of the frame from top to bottom and tilted outward. The upper end of the support diagonal rod 211 is hinged to the bottom of the frame 10. The hinge point between the support diagonal rod 211 and the frame 10 is a first hinge point 212.

[0058] A lifting wheel 213 is provided at the lower end of the supporting inclined rod 211. When the supporting inclined rod 211 rotates around the first hinge point 212, the distance between the lifting wheel 213 and the ground changes accordingly;

[0059] The lifting wheel mechanism 20 of this embodiment also includes a push-pull assembly 214, which pushes the supporting oblique rod 211 to rotate around the first hinge point 212. Specifically, the push-pull assembly 214 includes a push-pull rod 2141, one end of the push-pull rod 2141 is hinged and fixed to the upper position of the supporting oblique rod 211, and the forward and backward movement of the push-pull rod 2141 can drive the supporting oblique rod 211 to rotate around the first hinge point 212; the push-pull assembly 214 also includes a telescopic assembly connected to the other end of the push-pull rod 2141, the telescopic assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 2142 and a slider 2143 fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142, the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the frame 10, the telescopic direction of the piston rod is parallel to the forward direction of the equipment, and the slider 2143 slides back and forth on the bottom surface of the frame 10 as the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 is telescopic.

[0060] To facilitate the movement of the slider 2143, a slide groove (not shown in the figure) is provided on the bottom surface of the vehicle frame 10 in this embodiment. The slide groove extends parallel to the forward direction of the device, limits the slider 2143 in the left and right directions, prevents the slider 2143 from rocking left and right, and guides the slider 2143 in the front and rear directions. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 is extended and retracted to drive the slider 2143 to move in the slide groove; the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 is hinged to the slider 2143, and the hinge point is the second hinge point 215. The lower end is hinged to the support diagonal rod 211, and the hinge point is the third hinge point 216.

[0061] When the trailer is not working, the piston rod of the control hydraulic cylinder 2142 is extended, pushing the slider 2143 to move along the slide from outside to inside, and the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves synchronously with the slider 2143, while rotating clockwise around the second hinge point 215. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves downward and rotates clockwise around the third hinge point 216. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the supporting inclined rod 211 to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point 212. The angle between the supporting inclined rod 211 and the frame 10 increases, and the lifting wheel 213 moves toward the ground until the lifting wheel 213 contacts the ground. The plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw unloading system 50 are all above the ground, and the walking wheel 12 is suspended in the air. The tractor is towing in front of the frame 10, and the lifting wheel 213 drives the trailer to be transported to the working area. Figure 1 In the figure, the direction of the arrow is the direction of traction.

[0062] When working, the piston rod of the control hydraulic cylinder 2142 contracts, pulling the slider 2143 to move along the slide from the inside to the outside, and the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves outward synchronously with the slider 2143, while rotating counterclockwise around the second hinge point 215, and the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves upward while rotating counterclockwise around the third hinge point 216, and the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the supporting diagonal rod 211 to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point 212, and the angle between the supporting diagonal rod 211 and the frame 10 decreases, and the lifting wheel 213 moves toward the direction of the frame 10 until the lifting wheel 213 is suspended in the air and the walking wheel 12 contacts the ground. At the same time, the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw unloading system 50 all reach the specified working depth.

[0063] Furthermore, in order to ensure that when the trailer is not in operation, the lifting wheels 213 prevent the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw feeding system 50 from contacting the ground during movement, which would cause walking inconvenience or even damage the equipment, the supporting diagonal rod 211 and the fixing bracket 13 meet the following conditions:

[0064] L 斜杆 +R 托举轮 >L 支撑杆 +R 行走轮

[0065] Among them, L 斜杆 is the length of the supporting diagonal rod 211, R 托举轮 is the radius of the lifting wheel 213, L 支撑杆 is the length of the support rod 131, R 行走轮 is the radius of the traveling wheel 12.

[0066] In order to realize the continuous automatic trenching and straw unloading operation, a plowing system 30 is provided at the bottom front end of the frame 10. The front end and the rear end in this application refer to the front end and the rear end in the forward direction of the trailer when it is working. Figure 1The arrow points to the front end; the plowing system 30 includes a horizontally arranged bottom shovel plate 31 and a plurality of vertical plow plates 32 evenly distributed vertically and side by side on the bottom shovel plate 31. The vertical plow plates 32 are parallel to the driving direction of the trailer. The bottom shovel plate 31 penetrates into the soil to a certain depth and then shovels the soil. The vertical plow plates 32 cut the shoveled soil into strips. In this embodiment, the shoveling depth of the bottom shovel plate 31 is 0.6m; the vertical plow plates 32 are right-angled trapezoidal plate structures. The oblique waist 321 of the vertical plow plates 32 is located in the front and is used for cutting the soil. The shorter lower bottom edge 322 is located at the bottom and fixed to the bottom shovel plate 31, and the longer upper bottom edge 323 is located at the top. In order to reduce the resistance of the vertical plowboard 32 in cutting the soil, a transitional arc slice 33 is extended outward at the lower bottom edge 322. The two sides of the arc slice 33 are respectively welded and fixed between the inclined waist 321 and the bottom shovel plate 31. The concave arc edge is used to cut the soil at the bottom, which can reduce resistance. The vertical plowboard 32 and the bottom shovel plate 31 are connected by a vertically arranged plate frame 34. The plate frame 34 includes multiple vertical strips. The spacing between the vertical strips is the same as the spacing between the two vertical plowboards 32, so that the strips of soil cut by the vertical plowboard 32 can pass smoothly through the plate frame 34.

[0067] Since the coastal muddy saline-alkali land has serious soil compaction, the cutting resistance is large and the structure is unevenly broken during plowing and cutting, which affects the subsequent crushing and landfill treatment effects. In order to reduce the resistance of the plowing system 30 when shoveling the soil, a wetting system 60 is also provided above the plowing system 30. Figure 3 As shown, the wetting system 60 includes a water tank 61 arranged on the top of the plate frame 34, the water tank 61 is used to store water, the water tank 61 is connected to a water pump (not shown in the figure), the water pump is connected to a plurality of water pipes 62, the water pipes 62 are embedded in the edge of each vertical moldboard 32, and water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the water pipes 62. The circulating pressurized water pump diverts the water in the water tank 61 to each water pipe 62, and the water in the water pipe 62 flows into the soil through the water outlet holes to moisten the soil cut by the vertical moldboard 32. A three-pronged joint and a pressure valve (not shown in the figure) are provided at the end of the water pipe 62. Part of the water flows naturally due to being mixed with soil, and part of the water flows back to the water tank 61 when the water pressure is high to save water.

[0068] After the plowing system 30 cuts the soil into strips, the surface soil is crushed by the soil crushing mechanism 70, which is arranged behind the plowing system 30. Figure 4As shown, the soil crushing mechanism 70 includes multiple side-by-side roller blade assemblies 71 located between the two vertical moldboards 32. The roller blade assembly 71 includes a roller 711 and roller blades 712 evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the roller 711. In this embodiment, the roller blades 712 are curved blades with an arc-shaped upright projection. One straight edge of the roller blades is parallel to the axis of the roller 711 and fixed to the outer circumference of the roller 711. The other straight edge serves as a cutting edge. The rotation of the roller 711 drives the roller blades 712, whose rotational plane is parallel to the forward direction of the device. The blades of the roller blades 712 crush the surface layer of soil cut by the plowing system 30. The roller 711 drives the roller blades 712 on its outer circumference to rotate at high speed. After the plowing system scoops up and cuts the soil into strips, the surface layer is mechanically sheared, achieving fine soil fragmentation and loosening of the structure, thereby improving the thoroughness of the soil loosening process.

[0069] After the soil crushing mechanism 70 crushes the surface soil, in order to crush the cut soil in a deeper layer, a spiral plow group system 40 is set behind the soil crushing mechanism 70. The spiral plow group system 40 includes a plurality of spiral plow units 41 arranged side by side. The spiral plow units 41 are arranged corresponding to the rolling cutter assembly 71, and the spiral plow units 41 are arranged inclined from top to bottom in the forward direction of the trailer. The bottom end of the spiral plow unit 41 is consistent with the depth of the bottom shovel plate 31. The spiral plow unit 41 is driven by a motor or a diesel engine to rotate continuously to achieve rotary cutting of the soil.

[0070] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, the spiral plow unit 41 includes a rotating shaft 411 and a spiral blade 412 arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft 411. The width of the spiral blade 412 gradually increases from bottom to top, which can realize the rotational cutting and crushing of the soil while forming a soil upward movement path of the spiral auger. The crushed soil is spirally transported upward along the spiral blade 412, and is lifted while being crushed, so that the soil cut into strips by the two vertical plowboards 32 is transported out to form strip-shaped deep grooves.

[0071] To further improve the compacted soil, straw is buried at the bottom of the deep trench. A straw discharging system 50 is provided behind the spiral plow group system 40. The straw discharging system 50 includes a straw box 51 located above the frame 10 for storing straw 80, a receiving funnel 52 connected to the straw box 51 and located below the frame 10, and multiple discharging pipes 53 connected to the receiving funnel 52. The discharging pipes 53 are provided one-to-one with each spiral plow unit 41 and the rolling cutter assembly 71. After the straw 80 is pre-cut to a certain length, it is placed in the straw box 51, and the straw 80 falls into the receiving funnel 52 below. The straw in the receiving funnel 52 is divided into groups and falls into the discharging pipes 53, which collect the straw 80 in groups.

[0072] like Figure 5As shown, a discharge barrel 54 is further connected to the lower portion of the discharge pipe 53. The discharge barrel 54 is a flat rectangular parallelepiped structure with an opening 541 at its lower end. The width of the discharge barrel 54 is equal to the distance between two adjacent vertical moldboards 32, that is, equal to the width of the deep groove. After entering the discharge barrel 54, the straw 80 in the discharge pipe 53 is evenly dispersed and falls from the opening 541.

[0073] In order to spread the straw 80 evenly at the bottom of the deep trench, a straw guide plate 55 is hingedly fixed to the bottom end of the discharge barrel 54. The straw guide plate 55 is on the bottom surface of the deep trench, conforming to the bottom direction of the deep trench, and plays a supporting and directional laying role. The width of the straw guide plate 55 is adapted to the width of the deep trench. The straw 80 falling from the discharge barrel 54 falls into and is spread flat on the straw guide plate 55. During the movement of the trailer, the straw guide plate 55 spreads the straw 80 flatly in the deep trench. The landfill depth of the straw 80 is 0.2m.

[0074] To ensure that the straw is evenly covered by soil after being laid at the bottom of the trench, the soil crushed by the spiral plow group system 40 is prevented from falling into the trench too early, especially in the part in front of the discharge pipe 53. If the soil falls in before the straw 80, it will result in poor burial effect and operation failure. Therefore, it is necessary to set up an effective isolation structure to guide the soil to fall to the rear area below the straw. Figure 5 As shown, the top of each spiral plow unit 41 is connected to a soil transport plate 42 extending backward and arranged horizontally. The spiral plow unit 41 transports the crushed soil upward to the soil transport plate 42. There are gaps evenly distributed on the soil transport plate 42, and the crushed soil falls from the gaps; an isolation baffle 43 is obliquely arranged below the soil transport plate 42. One end of the isolation baffle 43 is fixed to the top of the spiral plow unit 41, and the other end extends backward and downward, and then is connected to the return soil guide plate 44. The return soil guide plate 44 intersects with the discharge pipe 53 and extends to the rear of the straw guide plate 55. The soil on the soil transport plate 42 falls into the isolation baffle 43, and the isolation baffle 43 delays the landing time and landing position of the crushed soil to prevent the soil from falling into the deep groove at the front end of the discharge pipe 53. The backfill guide plate 44 continues to guide the soil to the rear side of the straw guide plate 55. After the straw 80 falls into the deep pit, the soil is backfilled above the straw 80 by tilting downward through the isolation baffle 43 and the backfill guide plate 44. The isolation baffle prevents the soil from falling first and then the straw, realizing the operation sequence of filling the straw first and then covering the soil, ensuring uniform and orderly landfilling, and backfilling the crushed soil 0.6m above the straw.

[0075] After the soil is backfilled, it needs to be compacted to improve stability and density and reduce the collapse or damage of the land surface after the operation. A compaction system 90 is provided behind the receiving funnel 52 for compacting the backfilled soil; the compaction system 90 of this embodiment includes two compaction support rods 91 and a pressure roller 92. The front end of the compaction support rod 91 is hinged on the rear side wall of the receiving funnel 52, and the rear ends of the two compaction support rods 91 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the pressure roller 92. During the forward movement of the equipment, the compaction support rod 91 pulls the pressure roller 92 to roll to compact the backfilled soil.

[0076] In order to improve the compacting ability of the pressure roller 92, a spring 93 is connected between the compacting support rod 91 and the receiving funnel 52. The spring 93 is in a compressed state, applying pressure to the compacting support rod 91, thereby increasing the downward compacting force of the pressure roller 92 and achieving a better compaction effect.

[0077] When the soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving the salt-alkali broken plate of this embodiment is in use, first, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2142 is controlled to extend, pushing the slider 2143 to move along the slide from outside to inside, and the upper end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves synchronously with the slider 2143, while rotating clockwise around the second hinge point 215, and the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves downward and rotates clockwise around the third hinge point 216, and the lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the supporting inclined rod 211 to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point 212, and the angle between the supporting inclined rod 211 and the frame 10 increases, and the lifting wheel 213 moves toward the ground until the lifting wheel 213 contacts the ground. The plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw unloading system 50 are all above the ground and will not plow the ground and shovel the soil, and the walking wheel 12 is suspended in the air. The tractor is towed in front of the frame 10, and the lifting wheel 213 drives the trailer to be transported to the working area;

[0078] The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 moves upward while rotating counterclockwise around the third hinge point 216. The lower end of the push-pull rod 2141 pushes the supporting inclined rod 211 to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point 212. The angle between the supporting inclined rod 211 and the frame 10 decreases, and the lifting wheel 213 moves toward the direction of the frame 10 until the lifting wheel 213 is suspended and the walking wheel 12 contacts the ground. At the same time, the plowing system 30, the spiral plow group system 40, and the straw unloading system 50 are all Reach the specified working depth; the tractor is used for traction, the plowing system 30 performs vertical cutting of the soil, the soil crushing mechanism 70 crushes the surface soil, the spiral plow unit 41 of the spiral plow group system 40 performs deep crushing of the soil and then simultaneously transports the soil upward to the upper soil transport plate 42, the soil transport plate 42 temporarily stores and transports the soil, and the straw also passes through the falling soil in space to reach the rear side of the spiral plow group system 40, and then the soil falls from the gap between the discharge pipe 53 through the isolation baffle 43 and the backfill guide plate 44, thereby realizing the effective connection of the three actions of shoveling, lowering straw and backfilling in space and time, and finally a certain compaction effect is performed by the compaction system 90. Repeating the above process can complete the soil treatment process of the entire area.

[0079] The trailer of this embodiment realizes continuous automatic trenching and straw unloading operations in coastal muddy saline-alkali land. The lifting wheel mechanism enables the trailer to independently support and move when not in operation. It can be flexibly moved between farmlands or different plots of land. The high maneuverability enables continuous operation on multiple plots of land, reduces transportation costs, and improves the overall efficiency of the agricultural machinery operation system.

[0080] The plowing system can perform strip cutting on saline-alkali land, and the spiral plow group system can further break the soil and cut horizontally in space, and has its own spiral soil transportation function. The design of wide at the top and narrow at the bottom fully considers the change of soil pressure with depth, further reducing the difficulty of shoveling.

[0081] The spiral plow group system transports the soil to the soil transport plate to form strip-shaped deep trenches, the straw feeding system buries the straw, and the isolation baffle realizes soil backfilling. The device of the present invention can realize deep continuous automatic trenching, straw feeding and continuous backfilling of soil, and realizes the process of strip-type soil treatment for saline-alkali land. After the straw is buried and the original soil is backfilled, the salt leaching efficiency of the saline-alkali land soil is improved, which is beneficial to the natural improvement of the regional soil environment.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0083] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, persons skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention may still be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of these should fall within the scope of the technical solutions claimed for protection by the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking, characterized in that: include: A vehicle frame, wherein a control room is provided above the vehicle frame and running wheels are provided on both sides; A lifting wheel mechanism is provided at the front end and the rear end of the frame, respectively, and the two lifting wheel mechanisms are arranged in an "eight" shape; the lifting wheel mechanism comprises: A supporting diagonal rod is arranged obliquely, and its upper end is hinged to the bottom of the frame, and the hinge point between the supporting diagonal rod and the frame is a first hinge point; a lifting wheel, disposed at the lower end of the supporting oblique rod, wherein when the supporting oblique rod rotates around the first hinge point, the distance between the lifting wheel and the ground changes accordingly; A push-pull assembly includes a push-pull rod, one end of which is fixed to the supporting diagonal rod and the other end of which is slidably connected to the bottom of the frame; At the bottom of the frame between the two lifting wheel mechanisms, in the direction of travel, a plowing system, a spiral plow group system, a straw feeding system and a compacting system are sequentially arranged from front to back; The spiral plow group system includes a plurality of spiral plow units arranged side by side; the top of each spiral plow unit is connected to a soil transport plate extending backward and arranged horizontally, and the spiral plow unit transports the crushed soil upward to the soil transport plate to form a deep ditch; An inclined isolation baffle is obliquely provided below the soil transport flat plate, one end of the isolation baffle is fixed to the top of the spiral plow unit, and the other end extends backward and downward. The soil on the soil transport flat plate enters the isolation baffle, and the isolation baffle prevents the soil from falling into the deep ditch at the front end of the straw feeding system and guides the soil to the rear side of the straw feeding system. After the straw falls into the deep pit, the soil is backfilled above the straw by the isolation baffle. When the trailer is not working, the push-pull rod pushes the supporting inclined rod to rotate counterclockwise, and the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame increases until the lifting wheel contacts the ground. The plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system are all above the ground, and the traveling wheel is suspended in the air, pulling the frame, and the lifting wheel drives the trailer to be transported to the working area; When the trailer is working, the push-pull rod pulls the supporting inclined rod to rotate clockwise, and the distance between the lifting wheel and the frame is shortened until the lifting wheel is suspended in the air, the traveling wheel contacts the ground, and the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system all reach the specified working depth.

2. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The push-pull assembly further includes a telescopic assembly, which includes: a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the frame; A slider, wherein a slide groove is provided on the bottom surface of the frame, the slider is provided in the slide groove, the slider is fixed to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the slider is also hinged and fixed to the other end of the push-pull rod; One end of the push-pull rod is hinged to the slider, and the other end is hinged to the supporting diagonal rod; The piston rod extends, pushing the slider to move inward from the end of the frame along the slide groove, increasing the angle between the push-pull rod and the frame, and the push-pull rod pushes the supporting diagonal rod to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge point, causing the lifting wheel to move toward the ground; The piston rod contracts, pulling the slider along the slide groove from the inside of the frame to the end, the angle between the push-pull rod and the frame decreases, the push-pull rod pulls the supporting diagonal rod to rotate clockwise around the first hinge point, and the lifting wheel moves away from the ground.

3. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The running wheels are arranged on the left and right sides of the frame through fixed brackets, and the fixed brackets include a vertically arranged support rod and a connecting rod fixed to the bottom end of the support rod and extending horizontally toward the outside of the frame, and the top end of the support rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the frame; When working, the running wheels are used to support the weight of the trailer and drive the trailer to move; when not working, the running wheels are suspended in the air.

4. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The plowing depth of the plowing system is greater than or equal to the crushing depth of the spiral plow group system. When not in operation, during the movement of the lifting wheels, in order to prevent the plowing system, the spiral plow group system, and the straw feeding system at the bottom of the frame from contacting the ground, the supporting diagonal rod and the fixed bracket meet the following conditions: L 斜杆 +R 托举轮 >L 支撑杆 +R 行走轮 Among them, L 斜杆 is the length of the supporting diagonal rod, R 托举轮 is the radius of the lifting wheel, L 支撑杆 is the length of the support rod, R 行走轮 is the radius of the travel wheel.

5. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali broken plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plowing system includes a horizontally arranged bottom shovel plate and vertical moldboards evenly distributed side by side on the bottom shovel plate. The vertical moldboards are parallel to the driving direction of the trailer. The bottom shovel plate scoops up the soil, and the vertical moldboards cut the scooped soil into strips.

6. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A soil crushing mechanism is provided at the rear of the plowing system, and the soil crushing mechanism includes a plurality of roller cutter assemblies arranged side by side. The roller cutter assembly is located between the two vertical plowboards. The roller cutter assembly includes a roller and roller cutters evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the roller. The roller rotates, driving the roller cutters to rotate, thereby crushing the surface layer of soil cut by the plowing system.

7. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A moistening system is also provided above the plowing system, and the moistening system includes a water tank provided on the top of the vertical plowboard, the water tank is used to store water, the water tank is connected to a water pump, the water pump is connected to a plurality of water pipes, the water pipes are provided at the edge of each of the vertical plowboards, and water outlet holes are evenly distributed on the water pipes. The water pump diverts the water in the water tank into each of the water pipes, and the water in the water pipes flows into the soil through the water outlet holes, and is used to moisten the soil cut by the vertical plowboard.

8. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The spiral plow unit is arranged corresponding to the rolling cutter assembly, and the spiral plow unit is arranged inclined from top to bottom in the forward direction of the trailer, and the bottom end of the spiral plow unit is consistent in depth with the bottom shovel plate; The spiral plow unit includes a rotating shaft and a spiral blade arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft. The width of the spiral blade gradually increases from bottom to top, and it cuts and crushes the soil horizontally while transporting the crushed soil upward in a spiral manner to form a strip-shaped deep groove.

9. The soil loosening and landfilling integrated driven trailer for improving saline-alkali plate breaking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straw feeding system includes a straw box located above the frame for storing straw, and a plurality of feeding pipes connected to the straw box and located below the frame. The feeding pipes are arranged corresponding to the spiral plow units. The straw enters the feeding pipes from the straw box to achieve grouping and collection of the straw. A discharge cylinder is also connected below the discharge pipe. The discharge cylinder is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with an opening at the lower end. The straw in the discharge pipe is evenly dispersed after entering the discharge cylinder and falls from the opening at the lower end. A straw guide plate is hingedly fixed to the bottom end of the discharge barrel. The straw guide plate is on the bottom surface of the deep groove. The width of the straw guide plate matches the width of the deep groove. The straw dropped from the discharge barrel falls into and is spread flat on the straw guide plate. When the trailer is moving, the straw guide plate spreads the straw flatly and fills the deep groove. The isolation baffle guides the crushed soil to the rear of the straw guide plate and backfills it above the straw.

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