Breeding method of high-quality broom sorghum variety

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-quality broom sorghum variety breeding method, which comprises the following steps: parent matching and hybridization, filial generation screening and character directional cultivation, quality detection and matched cultivation verification, selection of a grain maintainer line and a broom restorer line for hybridization, selection of a broom maintainer line from the offspring, continuous backcross of the broom maintainer line and a sterile line, and breeding of the broom sorghum variety. A sterile line for brooms, a sterile line for brooms and a plurality of restorer lines are created for test mating, finally, the obtained F1 seeds are planted according to a wide-row close planting method, the row spacing is 60-70 cm, the double-row spacing on ridges is 20 cm, 6000-7000 seedlings are kept per mu, decomposed farmyard manure is applied to base fertilizer, and compound fertilizer is applied to base fertilizer; 10-15 kg / mu of urea is topdressed in the jointing stage, and water is controlled in the wax ripening stage until the soil water content is smaller than or equal to 15%, so that the high-quality broom sorghum with high branch strength, high disease resistance and high lodging resistance is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of a breeding method for broom sorghum varieties with excellent quality, and specifically to a breeding method for broom sorghum varieties with excellent quality. Background Art

[0002] Broom sorghum is a special sorghum that combines food production and use as a technological raw material. Its ear branches are flexible and slender, and are the core materials for making traditional handicrafts such as brooms and brushes. However, the existing broom sorghum varieties generally have the following technical bottlenecks:

[0003] Insufficient branch quality: The branches of traditional varieties are easy to break, resulting in low processing efficiency of brooms and short product life. And poor stress resistance: The existing varieties have weak lodging resistance and are prone to lodging and yield reduction in areas with frequent wind and rain; they have insufficient resistance to diseases such as smut and leaf spot, with an incidence rate > 30%, and rely on chemical agents for prevention and control, resulting in increased planting costs and being unsuitable for broom use; and currently, the broom sorghum varieties are mainly conventional varieties, with few hybrids, and there is no suitable maintainer line for broom-shaped ears, making it difficult to produce hybrids and exert hybrid advantages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, as well as in the abstract and title of the present application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract, and the title, but such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above and / or problems existing in the existing breeding method for broom sorghum varieties with excellent quality, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding a broomcorn variety with excellent quality. First, select a broomcorn restorer line as the female parent, select a grain sorghum maintainer line as the male parent, cross the female parent with the male parent through artificial emasculation and pollination, self-cross for 7 consecutive generations, and continuously select single plants with broomcorn ear types. Use the pollen of the selected single plants with broomcorn ear types to pollinate the sterile line, confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship, select the broomcorn single plants of the maintainer type, cross the obtained broomcorn single plants of the maintainer type with the sterile line, and continuously backcross for 7 generations for sterility, obtain the broomcorn sterile line, select a variety of broomcorn restorer lines to test and match with the newly bred broomcorn sterile line, select excellent F1 in the test and match offspring, conduct quality detection, and finally plant the seeds according to the wide-row and close-planting method, with a row spacing of 60-70 cm, a double-row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge, 6000-7000 plants per mu, apply 3000 kg / mu of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer; topdress 10-15 kg / mu of urea at the jointing stage, control water at the dough stage until the soil moisture content ≤ 15%, so as to obtain a broomcorn with high tiller strength, strong disease resistance and strong lodging resistance.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for breeding a broomcorn variety with excellent quality, which includes:

[0009] S1, creation of broomcorn sterile line:

[0010] (a), Select a broomcorn restorer line as the female parent,

[0011] (b), Select a grain sorghum maintainer line as the male parent,

[0012] (c), Cross the female parent with the male parent through artificial emasculation and pollination;

[0013] (d), Self-cross for 7 consecutive generations, and continuously select single plants with broomcorn ear types.

[0014] (e), Use the pollen of the selected single plants with broomcorn ear types to pollinate the sterile line, confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship, and select the broomcorn single plants of the maintainer type;

[0015] (f), Cross the obtained broomcorn single plants of the maintainer type with the sterile line, and continuously backcross for 7 generations for sterility, obtain the broomcorn sterile line;

[0016] S2, test cross and screening of hybrid offspring:

[0017] (a), Select a variety of broomcorn restorer lines to test and match with the newly bred broomcorn sterile line, and select excellent F1 in the test and match offspring;

[0018] (b), Conduct stress resistance identification on the F1 plants:

[0019] Lodging resistance: The lodging rate at maturity is less than 5%;

[0020] Disease resistance: The field was inoculated with smut fungus at a concentration of 1×10 6 spores / mL, screening plants with an incidence rate ≤ 20%;

[0021] S3, quality inspection: fruit set rate>90%; number of first-level branches>60; first-level branch length>40cm;

[0022] S4, supporting cultivation verification:

[0023] (a) Plant the rejuvenated seeds in wide rows with a close planting method, with a row spacing of 60-70 cm and a double row spacing of 20 cm on the ridges, and maintain 6000-7000 seedlings per mu;

[0024] (b) Water and fertilizer management: Apply 3000kg / mu of decomposed farmyard manure and 50kg / mu of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer; apply 10-15kg / mu of urea during the jointing stage, and control water supply to the soil moisture content ≤15% during the waxy stage.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety described in the present invention, the female parent in S1 is the Chituo 102 restorer line, and the male parent is LB 34.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety according to the present invention, the lodging resistance screening in S2 also includes a plant height of 2.5-3.0 m.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety according to the present invention, the planting density in S4 is preferably 10,000 seedlings per mu, with a row spacing of 65 cm.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety described in the present invention, the phenotypic screening in S2 further includes measuring the threshing rate of the ear branches at the waxy stage, and screening plants with a threshing rate ≤ 5%. The specific method is: randomly selecting 10 ears and manually beating them 3 times, and then calculating the proportion of the residual grain weight to the total weight.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, a broom sorghum restorer line is selected as the female parent, and a grain sorghum maintainer line is selected as the male parent. The female parent and the male parent are hybridized by artificial emasculation and pollination. After 7 consecutive generations of self-crossing, and continuously selecting single plants with broom-like ear types, the pollen of the selected single plants with broom-like ear types is used to pollinate the sterile line to confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship. Then, select the broom-like single plants of the maintainer type, cross the obtained broom-like single plants of the maintainer type with the sterile line, and continuously backcross for 7 generations for sterility induction to obtain a broom sorghum sterile line. Select a variety of broom sorghum restorer lines to test and match with the newly bred broom sorghum sterile line, select excellent F1 in the test-cross offspring, then conduct quality inspection, and finally plant the seeds according to the wide-row and close-planting method, with a row spacing of 60 - 70 cm, a double-row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge, and 6000 - 7000 plants per mu. Apply 3000 kg / mu of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer; top-dress 10 - 15 kg / mu of urea at the jointing stage, and control the water content to ≤ 15% at the dough stage to obtain excellent-quality broom sorghum with high branch strength, strong disease resistance, and strong lodging resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. Among them:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a method diagram of a method for breeding an excellent-quality broom sorghum variety of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0033] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail in combination with the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional views showing the device structure will be enlarged locally out of the general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention herein. In addition, in actual production, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width, and depth should be included.

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety. First, select a broom sorghum restorer line as the female parent and a grain sorghum maintainer line as the male parent. Hybridize the female parent and the male parent through artificial emasculation and pollination. After 7 consecutive generations of self-crossing, continuously select single plants with broom-shaped panicles. Use the pollen of the selected single plants with broom-shaped panicles to pollinate the sterile line, confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship, and select broom-shaped single plants of the maintainer type. Cross the obtained broom-shaped single plants of the maintainer type with the sterile line and continuously backcross for 7 generations for sterility induction to obtain a broom sorghum sterile line. Select a variety of broom sorghum restorer lines to conduct test crosses with the newly bred broom sorghum sterile line, select excellent F1 in the test cross offspring, then conduct quality inspections, and finally plant the seeds according to the wide-row and close-planting method, with a row spacing of 60 - 70 cm, a double-row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge, and 6000 - 7000 plants per mu. Apply 3000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure and 50 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as base fertilizers; top-dress 10 - 15 kg / mu of urea at the jointing stage, and control water at the dough stage until the soil moisture content ≤ 15%, so as to obtain a high-quality broom sorghum with high branch strength, strong disease resistance, and strong lodging resistance.

[0036] Figure 1 Shown is the overall structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment of the method for breeding a high-quality broom sorghum variety, its main part includes:

[0037] S1, Creation of a broom sorghum sterile line:

[0038] (b), Select a broom sorghum restorer line as the female parent,

[0039] (b), Select a grain sorghum maintainer line as the male parent,

[0040] (c), Hybridize the female parent and the male parent through artificial emasculation and pollination;

[0041] (d), After 7 consecutive generations of self-crossing, continuously select single plants with broom-shaped panicles.

[0042] (e), Use the pollen of the selected single plants with broom-shaped panicles to pollinate the sterile line, confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship, and select broom-shaped single plants of the maintainer type;

[0043] (f), Cross the obtained broom-shaped single plants of the maintainer type with the sterile line and continuously backcross for 7 generations for sterility induction to obtain a broom sorghum sterile line;

[0044] S2, Test cross and screening of hybrid offspring:

[0045] (a), Select a variety of broom sorghum restorer lines to conduct test crosses with the newly bred broom sorghum sterile line, and select excellent F1 in the test cross offspring;

[0046] (b), Identify the stress resistance of the F1 plants:

[0047] Lodging resistance: The lodging rate at maturity is less than 5%;

[0048] Disease resistance: Inoculate the head smut fungus in the field, and the inoculation concentration of the head smut fungus is 1×10 6 spores / mL, and select plants with an incidence rate ≤ 20%;

[0049] S3, Quality detection: Seed setting rate > 90%; Number of primary branches > 60; Length of primary branches > 40 cm;

[0050] S4, Supporting cultivation verification:

[0051] (a), Plant the rejuvenated seeds according to the wide-row and close-planting method, with a row spacing of 60 - 70 cm, a double-row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge, and 6000 - 7000 plants per mu;

[0052] (b), Water and fertilizer management: Apply 3000 kg / acre of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg / acre of compound fertilizer as base fertilizers; Top-dress with urea at 10 - 15 kg / acre during the jointing stage, and control the water to keep the soil moisture content ≤ 15% during the dough stage;

[0053] Among them, in S1, the female parent is the Chihao 102 restorer line, and the male parent is LB 34; The lodging resistance screening in S2 also includes a plant height of 2.5 - 3.0 m; The planting density in S4 is preferably 10,000 plants per mu, and the row spacing is 65 cm;

[0054] Furthermore, the phenotypic screening in S2 also includes measuring the threshing rate of the ear branches during the dough stage, and selecting plants with a threshing rate ≤ 5%. The specific method is: Randomly select 10 ears and beat them manually 3 times, and then calculate the proportion of the remaining grain weight to the total weight.

[0055] Combined with Figure 1, A method for breeding fine-quality broomcorn millet varieties in this embodiment is as follows: First, select a broomcorn millet restorer line as the female parent and a grain-type sorghum maintainer line as the male parent. Hybridize the female parent with the male parent through artificial emasculation and pollination. After 7 consecutive generations of self-crossing, continuously select single plants with broom-shaped panicles. Use the pollen of the selected single plants with broom-shaped panicles to pollinate the sterile line, confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship, and select broom-shaped single plants of the maintainer type. Cross the obtained broom-shaped single plants of the maintainer type with the sterile line and continuously backcross for 7 generations for sterility induction to obtain a broomcorn millet sterile line. Select a variety of broomcorn millet restorer lines to test and match with the newly bred broomcorn millet sterile line. Select fine F1 in the offspring of the test cross and conduct quality detection. Finally, plant the seeds according to the wide-row and close-planting method, with a row spacing of 60-70 cm, a double-row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge, and 6000-7000 plants per mu. Apply 3000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure and 50 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer; topdress 10-15 kg / mu of urea at the jointing stage, and control the water content to ≤15% at the dough stage to obtain fine-quality broomcorn millet with high branch strength, strong disease resistance, and strong lodging resistance.

[0056] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various improvements can be made to it and components therein can be replaced with effective substances without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the disclosed embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other in any way. The exhaustive description of these combinations is omitted in this specification only for the sake of saving space and resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A breeding method for a broom sorghum variety with excellent quality, characterized in that, Including: S1, Creation of broom-use male sterile lines: (a). Select a broom-use sorghum restorer line as the female parent, (b). Select a grain-use sorghum maintainer line as the male parent, (c). Hybridize the female parent with the male parent through artificial emasculation and pollination; (d). Conduct continuous self-crossing for 7 generations and continuously select single plants with broom-use ear types; (e). Pollinate the male sterile line with the pollen of the selected single plants with broom-use ear types to confirm the restorer-maintainer relationship, Select broom-use single plants of the maintainer line type; (f). Hybridize the obtained broom-use single plants of the maintainer line type with the male sterile line and conduct continuous backcrossing for 7 generations for sterility induction to obtain broom-use male sterile lines; S2, Test-crossing and screening of hybrid offspring: (a). Select multiple broom-use restorer lines to conduct test-crossing with the newly bred broom-use male sterile line to obtain F1 seeds; (b). Conduct stress resistance identification on the plants of F1: Lodging resistance: The lodging rate at maturity is less than 5%; Disease resistance: Inoculate the head smut fungus in the field, the inoculation concentration of the head smut fungus is 1×10 spores / mL, and screen plants with an incidence rate ≤ 20%; S3, Quality detection: Seed setting rate > 90%; Number of primary branches > 60; Length of primary branches > 40 cm; S4, Verification of supporting cultivation: (a). Plant the rejuvenated seeds according to the wide-row and close-planting method, with a row spacing of 60 - 70 cm, a double-row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge, and 6000 - 7000 plants per mu; (b). Water and fertilizer management: Apply 3000 kg / mu of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg / mu of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer; Top-dress 10 - 15 kg / mu of urea at the jointing stage, and control water at the dough stage until the soil moisture content ≤ 15%.

2. The breeding method of a broomcorn variety with excellent quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the female parent is Chi Tiao 102 and the male parent is LB 34.

3. A breeding method for a broom sorghum variety with excellent quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lodging resistance screening in S2 also includes a plant height of 2.5 - 3.0 m.

4. A breeding method for a high-quality broomcorn variety according to claim 1, characterized in that The planting density in S4 is preferably 6000 - 7000 plants per mu and the row spacing is 65 cm.

5. A breeding method for a broom sorghum variety with excellent quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phenotypic screening in S2 also includes measuring the threshing rate of the ear branches at the dough stage and screening plants with a threshing rate ≤ 5%. The specific method is: Randomly select 10 ears and beat them manually 3 times, and then calculate the proportion of the remaining grain weight to the total weight.

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