Plastic waste recycling and shredding apparatus

Abstract

This invention provides a plastic waste recycling and crushing device, belonging to the technical field of waste recycling equipment. It includes a housing with a pair of crushing rollers and a grinding roller mounted above it. An enzyme degradation chamber is located inside the housing below the grinding rollers. A magnetized particle carrier cylinder is mounted in a fixed-axis rotating manner within the enzyme degradation chamber. Magnetic adsorption grooves are arranged in a ring array on the outer edge of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder, and magnetic enzyme-degrading particles are placed in these grooves. A pair of spray plates are fixedly installed tangentially above the grinding rollers. Liquid pumped from the spray plates cleans the surface of the grinding rollers. This invention utilizes magnetic enzyme-degrading particles for the biodegradation of crushed plastic. Compared to existing physical crushing methods, the biodegraded material is more environmentally friendly and fully utilizes the magnetic adsorption properties of the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles, facilitating recycling and reuse, and is more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste recycling equipment technology, specifically to a plastic waste recycling and crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] A plastic bottle crusher, disclosed in the prior art with publication number "CN204365397U", includes a base and a crushing device mounted on the base. The crushing device includes a crushing body and crushing rollers disposed within the crushing body. The crushing body has a crushing chamber in the middle, a feeding chamber at the top, and a discharge chamber at the bottom communicating with the crushing chamber. Two crushing rollers are disposed within the crushing chamber, each with sharp blades on its surface. The two crushing rollers mesh with each other, and the sharp blades are inclined on their surfaces. A cleaner is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber. A gear set on the crushing body drives the crushing rollers to rotate and is connected to a crushing motor mounted on the base. This device punctures and crushes plastic bottles by squeezing them with two meshing crushing rollers. It has a simple structure and good puncture and squeezing effect. The cleaner scrapes off the plastic attached to the sharp blades, preventing the plastic bottles from jamming the crushing rollers. The inclined arrangement of the sharp blades allows for quick gripping of plastic bottles, improving production efficiency.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned device still has some obvious defects in use: the above-mentioned device and the plastic crusher in the prior art all use crushing rollers and crushing blades for physical crushing. Although this crushing method has high crushing efficiency, the crushed plastic particles still cannot be directly put into the natural environment. Moreover, the above-mentioned crushing treatment method is relatively simple and cannot meet the higher environmental protection treatment requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plastic waste recycling and crushing device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A plastic waste recycling and crushing device includes a housing. A pair of crushing rollers and a grinding roller are positioned above the housing. The grinding rollers are located below the crushing rollers. An enzyme degradation chamber is located within the housing below the grinding rollers. A magnetized particle carrying cylinder is rotatably mounted on a fixed axis within the enzyme degradation chamber. Magnetic adsorption grooves are arranged in a ring array on the outer edge of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder. Magnetic adsorption grooves are used to hold magnetic enzyme-degradable particles. Electromagnets are installed in the magnetic adsorption grooves to adsorb the magnetic enzyme-degradable particles. Each side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder has a corresponding receiving groove. A blocking plate is movably installed in each receiving groove. Several blocking plates are fixedly mounted on an adjusting turntable. The adjusting turntable rotates around its axis at a preset angle, causing the blocking plates to move synchronously. When the blocking plates move out of the receiving grooves and are positioned above the magnetic adsorption grooves, the magnetic enzyme-degradable particles are confined within the magnetic adsorption grooves.

[0007] A pump screw is also fixedly installed on the shaft on one side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder. The pump screw is movably inserted into the liquid supply sleeve. The liquid supply sleeve has a filter hole arranged in a ring array. The liquid supply sleeve is fixedly installed on one side of the enzyme degradation inner cavity. The liquid supply sleeve is connected to a pair of spray plates arranged between the crushing roller and the grinding roller through a connected liquid supply pipe. The pair of spray plates are fixedly installed in the tangential direction above the grinding roller. The liquid pumped out by the spray plates cleans the surface of the grinding roller.

[0008] Preferably, the shaft on the side of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder away from the pump screw is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of a rotary motor fixedly installed on the housing, and the rotation of the rotary motor drives the magnetized particle carrier cylinder to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, stirring blades are installed on the shafts on both sides of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, bearing sleeves are also installed on the shafts on both sides of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder. The end of the bearing sleeve away from the magnetized particle carrier cylinder is fixedly installed on the connecting crossbeam, and the two ends of the connecting crossbeam are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box above the enzyme degradation cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a pair of crushing rollers or grinding rollers are each fixedly mounted with a meshing toothed disc, and a sprocket is fixedly mounted on one side of the crushing roller and grinding roller. The upper and lower sprockets are connected by a chain, and the sprockets are also connected to a drive sprocket mounted on the drive shaft of the crushing motor. The rotation of the crushing motor drives the crushing roller and grinding roller to rotate synchronously. The crushing motor is fixedly mounted on the outside of the housing.

[0012] Preferably, a through hole is provided at the center of the adjusting turntable for inserting the shaft rod of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder on one side. An adjusting motor is also fixedly installed on the side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder near the adjusting turntable. An adjusting gear is fixedly installed on the drive shaft of the adjusting motor. The adjusting gear meshes with the teeth on the adjusting turntable. The rotation of the adjusting motor drives the adjusting turntable to rotate at a preset angle.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the box is provided with a discharge hole, and a ball valve is installed in the discharge hole in a fixed-axis rotatable manner. The ball valve is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the discharge motor.

[0014] Preferably, the magnetic enzyme degradation particles use Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles as enzyme carriers, and the Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles carry PET enzyme and LCC enzyme.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] This invention utilizes magnetic enzyme-degrading particles to biodegrade crushed plastics. Compared with existing physical crushing methods, the biodegraded material is more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, it fully utilizes the magnetic adsorption properties of the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles, making them easy to recycle and reuse, and thus more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a frontal sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side-view cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the magnetized particle bearing cylinder connection structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the magnetized particle support cylinder of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Box body, 2. Crushing roller, 3. Grinding roller, 4. Enzyme degradation inner cavity, 5. Magnetized particle carrying cylinder, 6. Magnetic adsorption tank, 7. Collection tank, 8. Baffle plate, 9. Adjusting turntable, 10. Shaft, 11. Pump screw, 12. Liquid supply sleeve, 13. Filter hole, 14. Liquid supply pipe, 15. Spray plate, 16. Rotary motor, 17. Stirring blade, 18. Bearing sleeve, 19. Connecting crossbeam, 20. Gear disc, 21. Sprocket, 22. Chain, 23. Drive sprocket, 24. Adjusting gear, 25. Opening and closing motor, 26. Opening and closing ball valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] A plastic waste recycling and crushing device includes a housing 1. A pair of crushing rollers 2 and a grinding roller 3 are arranged above the housing 1. The pair of grinding rollers 3 are arranged below the crushing rollers 2. An enzyme degradation cavity 4 is arranged inside the housing below the grinding rollers 3. A magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5 is installed in a fixed-axis rotating manner in the enzyme degradation cavity 4. A magnetic adsorption groove 6 is arranged in a ring array on the outer edge of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5. The magnetic adsorption groove 6 is used to place magnetic enzyme-degradable particles. An electromagnet for adsorbing the magnetic enzyme-degradable particles is arranged in the magnetic adsorption groove 6. A receiving groove 7 is correspondingly opened on one side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5 located in the magnetic adsorption groove 6. A blocking plate 8 is movably installed in each receiving groove 7. Several blocking plates 8 are fixedly installed on an adjusting turntable 9. The adjusting turntable 9 rotates around its own axis at a preset angle, thereby driving several blocking plates 8 to move synchronously. When the blocking plate 8 moves out of the receiving groove 7 and is located above the magnetic adsorption groove 6, the magnetic enzyme-degradable particles are restricted inside the magnetic adsorption groove 6.

[0026] A pump screw 11 is also fixedly installed on the shaft 10 on one side of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder 5. The pump screw 11 is movably inserted into the liquid supply sleeve 12. The liquid supply sleeve 12 has a filter hole 13 arranged in a ring array. The liquid supply sleeve 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the enzyme degradation inner cavity 4. The liquid supply sleeve 12 is connected to a pair of spray plates 15 arranged between the crushing roller 2 and the grinding roller 3 through the connected liquid supply pipe 14. The pair of spray plates 15 are fixedly installed in the tangential direction above the grinding roller 3. The liquid pumped out by the spray plates 15 cleans the surface of the grinding roller 3.

[0027] In this embodiment, the housing 1 serves as a support structure for various components. A pair of crushing rollers 2 and grinding rollers 3 are mounted on its upper part. The crushing rollers 2 and grinding rollers 3 crush and grind the recycled plastic into fine particles. An enzyme degradation chamber 4 is located inside the housing below the grinding rollers 3. The enzyme degradation chamber 4 contains a degradation solution, with deionized water as the main solvent. Buffers, stabilizers, and surfactants are added to the solvent. Magnetic enzyme degradation particles are used as biodegrading enzymes to biodegrade the plastic. These magnetic enzyme degradation particles use Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles as enzyme carriers. The Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles carry PET enzyme and LCC enzyme. The biocatalysis of these enzymes breaks down the polymer chains of the plastic, separating them into... The process breaks down the enzyme into smaller molecules or monomers, enabling them to be further metabolized by microorganisms or naturally degraded. This degradation method is highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and specific, making it an important solution to plastic pollution. Furthermore, the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles can be adsorbed by magnetic materials, allowing for rapid and precise recycling and repeated use. The magnetic enzyme-degrading particles are located in a magnetic adsorption tank 6, which is equipped with an electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles are adsorbed into the magnetic adsorption tank 6; conversely, when the electromagnet is de-energized, the particles detach from the tank. Additionally, a blocking plate 8 protects and blocks the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles. When the blocking plate 8 is removed from the receiving tank 7, the particles are removed from the magnetic adsorption tank. When the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles are above the adsorption tank 6, they are confined inside the magnetic adsorption tank 6. The device for powering the electromagnet is located outside the housing 1. Power is supplied to the electromagnet by wires embedded inside the shaft 10 on one side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5, thus enabling the electromagnet to switch on and off. In addition, stirring blades 17 are installed on both sides of the shaft 10 of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5. The stirring blades 17 can promote more uniform mixing of plastic particles and solution. A pump screw 11 is also fixedly installed on the shaft 10 on one side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5. The pump screw 11 rotates synchronously with the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5. The pump screw 11 is inserted into the liquid supply sleeve 12, which has a ring array of filter holes 13. During the rotation of the pump screw 11, the solution is continuously pushed to one side of the supply sleeve 12 and finally released from the spray plate 15 through the supply pipe 14. The advantage of this setup is that the solution in the enzyme degradation chamber 4 continuously washes the surface of the grinding roller 3, maintaining its surface roughness, thereby facilitating a more refined grinding operation. This solution serves as a cleaning device for the grinding roller 3 during the crushing process and as a degradation solvent during the biodegradation process, ensuring the normal operation of both the physical crushing and biodegradation processes. After biodegradation is complete, the electromagnet is energized again, and combined with the rotation of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5, the magnetic properties of the electromagnet are used to recover the magnetic enzyme-degraded particles, causing them to enter the magnetic adsorption tank 6. After the recovery and adsorption are complete,Closing the blocking plate 8 confines the magnetic enzyme-degrading particles within the magnetic adsorption groove 6.

[0028] Example 2:

[0029] The shaft 10 of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder 5 on the side away from the pump screw 11 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the rotary motor 16 fixedly installed on the housing 1. The rotation of the rotary motor 16 drives the magnetized particle carrier cylinder 5 to rotate.

[0030] A pair of crushing rollers 2 or grinding rollers 3 are each fixedly mounted with meshing toothed discs 20. A sprocket 21 is fixedly mounted on one side of the crushing roller 2 and grinding roller 3. The upper and lower sprockets 21 are connected by a chain 22. The sprocket 21 is also connected to the drive sprocket 23 mounted on the drive shaft of the crushing motor. The rotation of the crushing motor drives the crushing roller 2 and grinding roller 3 to rotate synchronously. The crushing motor is fixedly mounted on the outside of the housing 1.

[0031] The adjusting turntable 9 has a through hole at its axis for inserting the shaft of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5 on one side. An adjusting motor is also fixedly installed on the side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5 near the adjusting turntable 9. An adjusting gear 24 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft of the adjusting motor. The adjusting gear 24 meshes with the teeth on the adjusting turntable 9. The rotation of the adjusting motor 24 drives the adjusting turntable 9 to rotate at a preset angle.

[0032] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5, the crushing roller 2, the grinding roller 3, and the adjusting turntable 9 is further disclosed. The driving device of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder 5, the crushing roller 2, and the grinding roller 3 is widely used in the prior art and will not be described in detail here. The adjusting gear 24 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft of the adjusting motor. The adjusting gear 24 is perpendicular to the inner side of the adjusting turntable 9 and abuts against the teeth opened on the inner side of the adjusting turntable 9. When the adjusting gear 24 rotates, it drives the adjusting turntable 9 to rotate, thereby adjusting the position of the blocking plate 8.

[0033] Example 3:

[0034] Bearing sleeves 18 are also installed on the shafts 10 on both sides of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder 5. The end of the bearing sleeve 18 away from the magnetized particle carrier cylinder 5 is fixedly installed on the connecting crossbeam 19. The two ends of the connecting crossbeam 19 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box 1 above the enzyme degradation inner cavity 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, the magnetized particle carrier cylinder 5 is supported by the bearing sleeve 18, enabling it to perform stable fixed-axis rotational motion.

[0036] Example 4:

[0037] The bottom of the housing 1 is also provided with a discharge hole, and a ball valve 26 is installed in the discharge hole in a fixed-axis rotatable manner. The ball valve 26 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the motor 25.

[0038] In this embodiment, a discharge hole is also provided at the bottom of the box 1. The solution after biodegradation is released through the discharge hole. A fixed-axis rotating ball valve 26 is installed in the discharge hole. The opening and closing of the discharge hole is controlled by the ball valve 26. The ball valve 26 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the opening and closing motor 25. The rotation of the ball valve 26 is controlled by the opening and closing motor 25.

[0039] It should be noted that all the motors and electrical components mentioned above are powered by an external power source and are manually controlled by the corresponding switches on the housing 1.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plastic waste recycling and crushing device, comprising a housing, wherein a pair of crushing rollers and a pair of grinding rollers are arranged above the housing, and the pair of grinding rollers are arranged below the crushing rollers, characterized in that: The box below the grinding roller is provided with an enzyme degradation cavity. A magnetized particle carrying cylinder is mounted in a fixed-axis rotating manner in the enzyme degradation cavity. A magnetic adsorption groove is arranged in a ring array on the outer edge of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder. The magnetic adsorption groove is used to place magnetic enzyme degradation particles. An electromagnet is provided in the magnetic adsorption groove for adsorbing the magnetic enzyme degradation particles. Each side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder is provided with a corresponding storage groove. A blocking plate is movably installed in each storage groove. Several blocking plates are fixedly installed on an adjusting turntable. The adjusting turntable rotates around its own axis at a preset angle, thereby driving several blocking plates to move synchronously. When the blocking plate moves out of the storage groove and is above the magnetic adsorption groove, the magnetic enzyme degradation particles are confined inside the magnetic adsorption groove. A pump screw is also fixedly installed on the shaft on one side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder. The pump screw is movably inserted into the liquid supply sleeve. The liquid supply sleeve has a filter hole arranged in a ring array. The liquid supply sleeve is fixedly installed on one side of the enzyme degradation inner cavity. The liquid supply sleeve is connected to a pair of spray plates arranged between the crushing roller and the grinding roller through a connected liquid supply pipe. The pair of spray plates are fixedly installed in the tangential direction above the grinding roller. The liquid pumped out by the spray plates cleans the surface of the grinding roller.

2. The plastic waste recycling and crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft on the side of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder away from the pump screw is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of a rotary motor fixedly installed on the housing. The rotation of the rotary motor drives the magnetized particle carrier cylinder to rotate.

3. A plastic waste recycling and crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Stirring blades are installed on the shafts on both sides of the magnetized particle bearing cylinder.

4. The plastic waste recycling and crushing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Bearing sleeves are also installed on the shafts on both sides of the magnetized particle carrier cylinder. The end of the bearing sleeve away from the magnetized particle carrier cylinder is fixedly installed on the connecting crossbeam. The two ends of the connecting crossbeam are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box above the enzyme degradation cavity.

5. The plastic waste recycling and crushing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each pair of crushing rollers or grinding rollers has a toothed disc fixedly installed on its roller shaft. A sprocket is fixedly installed on one side of the roller shaft of the crushing roller and the grinding roller. The upper and lower sprockets are connected by a chain. The sprocket is also connected to a drive sprocket installed on the drive shaft of the crushing motor. The rotation of the crushing motor drives the crushing roller and the grinding roller to rotate synchronously. The crushing motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the housing.

6. The plastic waste recycling and crushing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting turntable has a through hole at its axis for inserting a shaft rod on one side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder. An adjusting motor is also fixedly installed on the side of the magnetized particle carrying cylinder near the adjusting turntable. An adjusting gear is fixedly installed on the drive shaft of the adjusting motor. The adjusting gear meshes with the teeth on the adjusting turntable. The rotation of the adjusting motor drives the adjusting turntable to rotate at a preset angle.

7. The plastic waste recycling and crushing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the box is also provided with a discharge hole, and a ball valve is installed in the discharge hole in a fixed-axis rotatable manner. The ball valve is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the discharge motor.

8. The plastic waste recycling and crushing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic enzyme degradation particles use Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles as enzyme carriers, and the Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles carry PET enzyme and LCC enzyme.

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