Vehicle power system based on invariable-volume solid hydrogen pool and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle power, in particular to a vehicle power system based on an invariable-volume solid hydrogen pool and a control method.The vehicle power system comprises a power driving module, a power battery module, a solid hydrogen pool module and a whole vehicle control module, and the power battery module comprises a hydrogen fuel power battery and a pure electric power battery; the solid hydrogen pool module comprises a hydrogen release unit, a feeding unit, a water supply unit and a hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen release unit comprises a reactor, the feeding unit comprises a raw material bin and a feeding nozzle, the water supply unit comprises a water tank, a water pump, an atomizing nozzle and a water circulation assembly, and the hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen slowing assembly and an injection assembly. The injection assembly injects the solid hydrogen storage material from the raw material bin through high-pressure hydrogen introduced by the reactor and injects the solid hydrogen storage material into the reactor in a gas-solid mixing mode. Efficient activation and controllable hydrogen release of the solid hydrogen storage material are achieved through accurate matching of the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material, and vehicle dynamic response smoothness and energy supply continuity are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle power, and particularly to a vehicle power system and control method based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen pool. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a renewable secondary energy source. During the energy conversion and utilization process, it has attracted wide attention because its process products are pollution-free and environmentally friendly. Especially in the vehicle field, as a new energy carrier that can replace traditional fossil fuels, it is used in a hydrogen fuel power battery system. Inside the hydrogen fuel power battery engine system, hydrogen and oxygen, under the action of an electrochemical catalyst, release electrical energy and heat through an electrochemical reaction. The electrical energy is applied to the vehicle power system to drive the vehicle, and the heat is dissipated through an external heat dissipation device. During this process, the low density of hydrogen often leads to a low hydrogen storage density. In order to achieve the long-range goal of an on-vehicle hydrogen fuel power battery, the pressure of the vehicle's hydrogen storage system is continuously increasing, and the energy consumption for hydrogen compression required for hydrogen storage is constantly escalating. The energy storage and conversion energy consumption caused by such problems is huge. Even if hydrogen can be compressed to 35 MPa or 70 MPa, the hydrogen storage density still cannot meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy trucks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a power system that can release hydrogen with high density, high reliability, high safety, and high efficiency to meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy trucks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power system and control method based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen pool to solve the problem that the power system using an on-vehicle hydrogen fuel power battery in the prior art cannot meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy trucks.

[0004] The present invention discloses a vehicle power system based on a constant volume solid-state hydrogen pool, comprising a power drive module, a power battery module, a solid-state hydrogen pool module and a vehicle control module, wherein the power drive module is used to provide driving force for the vehicle; the power battery module comprises a hydrogen fuel cell and a pure electric cell, and the hydrogen fuel cell and the pure electric cell are electrically connected to the power drive module respectively; the solid-state hydrogen pool module comprises a hydrogen release unit, a feeding unit, a water supply unit and a hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen release unit comprises a reactor, and a catalyst layer and a first pressure sensor arranged in the reactor, the top and bottom of the reactor are in a conical structure arranged relative to each other, the feeding unit comprises a raw material bin, and a feeding nozzle located on one side of the top of the reactor and connected to the raw material bin, the water supply unit comprises a water tank, a water pump, a water circulation component, and a nozzle located on the other side of the top of the reactor and spraying in a direction The atomizing nozzle is opposite to the feeding nozzle, the water tank, the water pump and the atomizing nozzle are connected in sequence, the water circulation component is connected to the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell and the water tank, the hydrogen supply unit includes a slow hydrogen component and an ejection component, the slow hydrogen component is connected to the top of the reactor and the hydrogen fuel cell, the raw material bin is connected to the feeding nozzle through the ejection component, and the ejection component is connected to the reactor, which is used to eject the solid hydrogen storage material from the raw material bin through the hydrogen introduced into the reactor, and quantitatively inject it into the reactor from the feeding nozzle in a gas-solid mixed manner; the vehicle control module is respectively communicated with the power drive module, the power battery module and the solid-state hydrogen pool module, and the first pressure sensor is respectively linked to the supply rate of the feeding unit, the water supply unit and the hydrogen supply unit through the vehicle control module.

[0005] Optionally, a hydrogen release outlet is provided at the top of the reactor, and the ejector assembly includes a material ejector and a three-way valve, one connecting port on the three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen release outlet, another connecting port on the three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen buffer assembly, the last connecting port on the three-way valve is connected to the working fluid port of the material ejector, the suction port of the material ejector is connected to the raw material bin, and the pressure port of the material ejector is connected to the feed nozzle.

[0006] Optionally, the ejection assembly further includes a power air storage chamber and a one-way valve, the three-way valve, the power air storage chamber and the working fluid port of the material ejector are connected in sequence, and the one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the power air storage chamber and the material ejector.

[0007] Optionally, the feeding unit further comprises a crushing box with a built-in crushing mechanism, and the raw material bin, the crushing box and the suction port of the material ejector are connected in sequence; The crushing mechanism built into the crushing chamber is located in the upper half of the crushing chamber. The raw material bin is connected to the top of the crushing chamber for communication. The suction port of the material ejector is connected to the bottom of the crushing chamber for communication.

[0008] Optionally, the vehicle power system further includes a thermal management unit. The thermal management unit includes a coolant compensation tank, a heat dissipation water jacket provided on the outer surface of the reactor, and a cooling pipeline provided inside the reactor. The coolant compensation tank pre-stores a cooling medium. A first medium circulation pipeline is provided between the coolant compensation tank and the heat dissipation water jacket, and a first medium pump is provided on the first medium circulation pipeline. A second medium circulation pipeline is provided between the coolant compensation tank and the cooling pipeline, and a second medium pump is provided on the second medium circulation pipeline. A temperature sensor is provided inside the reactor, and the temperature sensor is linked with the first medium pump and the second medium pump respectively through the vehicle control module.

[0009] Optionally, the thermal management unit further includes a heat exchanger. Both the first medium circulation pipeline and the second medium circulation pipeline are connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank through the heat exchanger. A third medium circulation pipeline is provided between the heat exchanger and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power battery. A first heat exchange medium is preset in the third medium circulation pipeline, and a third medium pump is provided on the third medium circulation pipeline.

[0010] Optionally, the hydrogen buffer assembly includes a hydrogen buffer tank, a solid hydrogen storage member, and a heating member. The hydrogen buffer tank is of a horizontal structure. An air inlet connected to the three-way valve is provided at one end of the hydrogen buffer tank. An air outlet connected to the hydrogen inlet side of the hydrogen fuel power battery is provided at the other end of the hydrogen buffer tank. A second pressure sensor is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen buffer tank and the hydrogen fuel power battery, and the second pressure sensor is linked with the supply rates of the feeding unit, the water supply unit, and the hydrogen supply unit respectively; The solid hydrogen storage member and the heating member are both provided inside the hydrogen buffer tank, and the solid hydrogen storage member releases hydrogen through the low-temperature heat provided by the heating member. The heating member includes an electric heater and a fourth medium circulation pipeline provided between the hydrogen buffer tank and the heat exchanger. A second heat exchange medium is preset in the fourth medium circulation pipeline, and a fourth medium pump is provided on the fourth medium circulation pipeline.

[0011] Optionally, the water circulation component includes a first steam-water separator and a second steam-water separator. The first steam-water separator is connected to the anodic reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power battery and is used to draw out the unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery. The second steam-water separator is connected to the cathodic product side of the hydrogen fuel power battery and is used to draw out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power battery. The separation liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator and the second steam-water separator are both connected to the water tank.

[0012] Optionally, the solid hydrogen cell module includes a plurality of the hydrogen release units, and each of the hydrogen release units is connected to the feeding unit, the water supply unit, and the hydrogen supply unit; The reactors corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen release units are configured with the same or different reaction temperatures and catalysts. The plurality of hydrogen release units configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst constitute a hydrogen release module, and the reaction rates of the hydrogen release units in different hydrogen release modules increase by configuring different reaction temperatures and catalysts; The solid hydrogen cell module further includes a tail material recovery unit. The tail material recovery unit includes a tail material bin, a tail material pump, and a solenoid valve. A tail material discharge port is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the reactor. The solenoid valve is arranged in the tail material discharge port, and the solenoid valve is connected to the tail material bin through the tail material pump.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a control method for controlling the vehicle power system based on the constant-volume solid hydrogen cell described above. The control method includes: In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, according to the current working state of the target vehicle, the output power of the power drive module is collected in real time; Convert the output power of the power drive module into the power consumption of the power drive module, and based on the power consumption of the power drive module, calculate the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery based on the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency; When the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery meets the demand threshold, trigger the control to inject the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin and the water in the water tank into the reactor for hydrogen release reaction; Collect and obtain the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material and the injection amount of water in the reactor in real time, and combine the hydrogen release pressure in the reactor collected in real time by the first pressure sensor to calculate the actual hydrogen release efficiency based on the ideal gas law; When the hydrogen release pressure in the reactor tends to be stable, calculate the theoretical maximum hydrogen release amount according to the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material and the injection amount of water when the hydrogen release pressure is stable, and combine the hydrogen consumption demand to calculate the target hydrogen release efficiency; Match the actual hydrogen release efficiency with the target hydrogen release efficiency in real time, and when it is determined that the actual hydrogen release amount is less than the target hydrogen release efficiency, trigger control to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the ejector assembly and the water pump until the actual hydrogen release efficiency reaches the target hydrogen release efficiency.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the vehicle power system and control method based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen pool provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: By constructing a vehicle power system that is hybrid-powered by a hydrogen fuel power battery and a pure electric power battery, and integrating a solid hydrogen pool module for the hydrogen fuel power battery, when the hydrogen fuel power battery requires hydrogen, a part of the hydrogen released in the constant-volume reactor is used as the driving medium for the ejector assembly, and a part of the solid hydrogen storage material output from the raw material bin is injected into the reactor at high speed through the ejector assembly, avoiding the energy loss of the traditional mechanical conveying structure. Also, through closed-loop control, the precise matching of the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material is ensured, greatly improving the hydrogen release efficiency per unit mass of the solid hydrogen storage material. And in combination with a water pump for water conveyance, efficient activation and controllable hydrogen release of the solid hydrogen storage material are achieved. At the same time, the water circulation component also re-introduces the tail water generated by the hydrogen fuel power battery into the water tank to participate in the hydrolysis hydrogen release reaction, enabling the closed-loop utilization of water resources. Thus, through the combined design of the constant-volume reactor and the feeding unit, the water supply unit, and the hydrogen supply unit, a continuous and stable hydrogen energy supply is provided for the hydrogen fuel power battery, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the power response and the continuity of the energy supply of the vehicle under complex working conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle power system provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the solid hydrogen pool module and the hydrogen fuel power battery provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the solid hydrogen pool module and the thermal management unit provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure with multiple hydrogen release units arranged provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] The marks in the drawings are represented as follows: 1. Power drive module; 2. Power battery module; 21. Hydrogen fuel power battery; 22. Pure electric power battery; 3. Hydrogen release unit; 31. Reactor; 32. Catalyst layer; 33. First pressure sensor; 4. Feeding unit; 41. Raw material bin; 42. Feed nozzle; 43. Crushing box; 5. Water supply unit; 51. Water tank; 52. Water pump; 53. Water circulation component; 531. First steam-water separator; 532. Second steam-water separator; 54. Atomizing nozzle; 6. Hydrogen supply unit; 61. Hydrogen buffer component; 611. Hydrogen buffer tank; 612. Solid hydrogen storage component; 613. Fourth medium circulation pipeline; 614. Fourth medium pump; 62. Ejector component; 621. Material ejector; 622. Three-way valve; 623. Power air storage chamber; 624. Check valve; 7. Vehicle control module; 8. Thermal management unit; 81. Coolant compensation tank; 82. Radiator water jacket; 821. First medium circulation pipeline; 822. First medium pump; 83. Cooling pipeline; 831. Second medium circulation pipeline; 832. Second medium pump; 84. Heat exchanger; 841. Third medium circulation pipeline; 842. Third medium pump; 9. Tailings recovery unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. Now, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0018] The present invention discloses a vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen pool, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes a power drive module 1, a power battery module 2, a solid-state hydrogen cell module, and a vehicle control module 7. The power drive module 1 is used to provide driving force for vehicle running; the power battery module 2 includes a hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and a pure electric power battery 22, and the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and the pure electric power battery 22 are respectively electrically connected to the power drive module 1; the solid-state hydrogen cell module includes a hydrogen release unit 3, a feeding unit 4, a water supply unit 5, and a hydrogen supply unit 6. The hydrogen release unit 3 includes a reactor 31, a catalyst layer 32 and a first pressure sensor 33 arranged in the reactor 31. The top and bottom of the reactor 31 are arranged in a conical structure relatively. The feeding unit 4 includes a raw material bin 41 and a feeding nozzle 42 connected to the raw material bin 41 on one side of the top of the reactor 31. The water supply unit 5 includes a water tank 51, a water pump 52, a water circulation component 53, and an atomizing nozzle 54 located on the other side of the top of the reactor 31 and with the spraying direction opposite to that of the feeding nozzle 42. The water tank 51, the water pump 52 and the atomizing nozzle 54 are connected in sequence. The water circulation component 53 is connected to the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and the water tank 51. The hydrogen supply unit 6 includes a hydrogen buffer component 61 and an ejector component 62. The hydrogen buffer component 61 communicates with the top end of the reactor 31 and the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. The raw material bin 41 is connected to the feeding nozzle 42 through the ejector component 62, and the ejector component 62 is connected to the reactor 31, and is used to eject the solid hydrogen storage material from the raw material bin 41 by the high-pressure hydrogen introduced through the reactor 31 and quantitatively inject it into the reactor 31 in a gas-solid mixture manner; the vehicle control module 7 preferably uses CAN (Controller Area Network) to communicate with the power drive module 1, the power battery module 2, and the solid-state hydrogen cell module respectively, and the first pressure sensor 33 is linked with the supply rates of the feeding unit 4, the water supply unit 5, and the hydrogen supply unit 6 respectively through the vehicle control module 7.

[0019] By implementing the above-mentioned vehicle power system embodiment, a vehicle power system is constructed that is hybrid-powered by a hydrogen fuel cell 21 and a pure electric power cell 22, and a solid-state hydrogen pool module is integrated with the hydrogen fuel cell 21. When the hydrogen fuel cell 21 requires hydrogen, part of the hydrogen released in the constant volume reactor 31 is used as the driving medium of the ejector assembly 62, and part of the solid-state hydrogen storage material output from the raw material bin 41 is injected into the reactor 31 at high speed through the ejector assembly 62, thereby avoiding the energy loss of the traditional mechanical conveying structure. The closed-loop control ensures the precise matching of the injection amount of the solid-state hydrogen storage material, thereby significantly improving the hydrogen release efficiency per unit mass of the solid-state hydrogen storage material. In addition, a water pump 52 is used to transport water, so that the solid-state hydrogen storage material and water injected into the reactor 31 undergo a rapid hydrolysis-hydrogenation reaction under the catalytic action of the catalyst layer 32, thereby achieving efficient activation and controlled hydrogen release of the solid-state hydrogen storage material. Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell 21 and the pure electric cell 22 are electrically connected to the power drive module 1 via an all-in-one controller. The all-in-one controller typically includes multiple functional modules, such as a battery management system (BMS), a motor controller, an energy management system (EMS), and a communication interface, enabling it to process data from various sources and control multiple subsystems. For example, data such as battery voltage, current, and temperature are collected to ensure the battery operates within a safe operating range. The controller also monitors the battery's charge and discharge status, as well as its health.

[0020] The ejector assembly 62 utilizes the hydrogen generated within the reactor 31 as a power source, creating a high-speed ejector flow through the Venturi effect. This precisely delivers the solid-state hydrogen storage material from the raw material bin 41 into the reactor 31 as a gas-solid two-phase flow. Requiring no additional high-pressure air pump or motor drive, material transport is accomplished solely through the kinetic energy of the hydrogen itself, significantly reducing the energy consumption of the solid-state hydrogen storage material supply. Furthermore, the premixing of hydrogen and the solid-state hydrogen storage material during the ejection process ensures a uniform dispersion of the material before entering the reactor 31, significantly shortening the activation time for the subsequent hydrolysis reaction. Furthermore, the ejector assembly 62 and water pump 52 form a closed-loop feedback control chain with the first pressure sensor 33 and the vehicle control module 7. Specifically, when the pressure within the reactor 31 fluctuates due to changes in demand from the hydrogen fuel cell 21, the ejector gas flow rate and the kinetic energy of the water pump 52 are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the injection rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage material and water is strictly matched to the hydrogen consumption rate.

[0021] For example, when the rapid acceleration of the vehicle causes a sudden increase in the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21, and the pressure in the reactor 31 is less than the preset pressure threshold, the supply amount of the solid hydrogen storage material is instantaneously increased by increasing the flow rate of the entrained hydrogen, and at the same time, the atomizing nozzle 54 is synchronously adjusted to increase the water mist spraying amount based on the water pump 52, so as to ensure the dynamic balance of the material concentration and the reaction intensity in the reactor 31. Its instant response ability ensures the stability and continuity of hydrogen supply, and avoids the risk of power interruption caused by hydrogen supply delay.

[0022] In addition, by using the conical structures arranged oppositely at the top and bottom of the reactor 31, through the deep coupling of geometric design and hydrodynamics, the synergistic optimization of efficient hydrogen generation and stable system operation is realized. That is, the contraction structure of the top cone of the reactor 31 can accelerate the directional output of hydrogen and reduce the gas phase retention by using the air flow inertia. At the same time, by using the atomizing nozzles 54 and the feed nozzles 42 arranged oppositely on both sides of the top of the reactor 31, when the solid hydrogen storage material and water are sprayed into the reactor 31 at high speed through the corresponding nozzles, a counter jet is formed, forcing the water and the solid hydrogen storage material to collide in multiple directions and mix evenly in the reactor 31, significantly improving the dispersion degree and contact activity of the solid hydrogen storage material and water. The bottom cone of the reactor 31 helps the dynamic settlement and centralized discharge of the tailings and unreacted substances through the tapered flow channel.

[0023] As described above, the water circulation component also re-introduces the tail drainage generated by the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 into the water tank 51 to participate in the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, which can realize the closed-loop utilization of water resources, thereby reducing the dependence on external water sources. Thus, through the combined design of the constant volume reactor 31 and the feeding unit 4, the water supply unit 5 and the hydrogen supply unit 6, a continuous and stable hydrogen energy supply is provided for the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. At the same time, through the linkage control strategy of the first pressure sensor 33 and the vehicle control module 7, the feeding rate, the water supply rate and the hydrogen consumption demand of the fuel power battery form a dynamic match. The power battery module 2 adopts a composite power supply architecture of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and the pure electric power battery 22. Under high-load working conditions such as vehicle acceleration or climbing, the coordinated discharge of the dual-energy system can instantaneously provide peak power output, while the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 is preferentially used for power supply during low-speed cruising. Especially for the long-distance transportation characteristics of commercial vehicles, there is no need to continuously consume energy to maintain the high-pressure state, ensuring the improvement of storage and transportation safety and the reduction of energy consumption costs, and further ensuring the smoothness of power response and the continuity of energy supply of the vehicle under complex working conditions.

[0024] Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is a solid-state hydrogen storage material with a high hydrogen storage density, including reversible solid-state hydrogen storage materials, or can be an irreversible solid-state hydrogen storage material, including metal solid-state hydrogen storage materials and non-metal solid-state hydrogen storage materials, mainly high-storage-density solid-state hydrogen storage materials that can release hydrogen by adding water. For example, metal materials such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), etc., hydrogen storage alloys, inorganic ion-type compound solid-state hydrogen storage materials, carbonaceous solid-state hydrogen storage materials, metal-organic framework compound solid-state hydrogen storage materials, etc. Hydrogen storage alloys include binary systems, ternary systems, and multi-component systems, such as lithium hydride (LiH), sodium hydride (NaH), potassium hydride (KH), magnesium dihydride ( ), calcium dihydride ( ), aluminum trihydride ( ), etc.; inorganic ion-type compound solid-state hydrogen storage materials mainly include complex hydrides and amino compounds, such as sodium aluminum hydride ( ), lithium borohydride ( ), and ammonia borane, all of which are solid-state hydrogen storage materials with relatively high hydrogen storage densities.

[0025] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3 , a hydrogen release outlet is provided at the top of the reactor 31. The ejector assembly 62 includes a material ejector 621 and a three-way valve 622. One connection port on the three-way valve 622 is connected to the hydrogen release outlet, another connection port on the three-way valve 622 is connected to the hydrogen buffer assembly 61, and the last connection port on the three-way valve 622 is connected to the working fluid port of the material ejector 621. The suction port of the material ejector 621 is connected to the raw material bin 41, and the pressure port of the material ejector 621 is connected to the feed nozzle 42.

[0026] Furthermore, the ejector assembly 62 further includes a power gas storage chamber 623 and a one-way valve 624. The three-way valve 622, the power gas storage chamber 623, and the working fluid port of the material ejector 621 are connected in sequence, and the one-way valve 624 is provided on the pipeline connecting the power gas storage chamber 623 and the material ejector 621.

[0027] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, the three-way valve 622, as a physical distribution node for the hydrogen flow direction, can direct the hydrogen from the hydrogen release outlet of the reactor 31 into the ejector assembly 62 or the hydrogen buffer assembly 61. Among them, the high-pressure hydrogen introduced into the ejector assembly 62 first enters the power storage chamber 623 for storage to form a stable ejector drive pressure reserve, which can smooth the instantaneous fluctuations of the hydrogen released in the reactor 31. When the material ejector 621 is started, the high-pressure hydrogen stored in the power storage chamber 623 is released through the one-way valve 624 and enters the working fluid port of the material ejector 621, forming a high-speed jet. At this time, a strong negative pressure adsorption effect is generated in the mixing chamber of the material ejector 621, so as to continuously suck and accelerate the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin 41, and finally inject it into the reactor 31 through the feed nozzle 42 at a precisely controllable rate. For the vehicle power system, this structure makes the supply process of the solid hydrogen storage material completely rely on the internal hydrogen cycle energy of the system, without additional consumption of on-vehicle electricity or mechanical energy, realizing zero parasitic power consumption operation of the feeding subsystem. At the same time, the gas-solid two-phase flow generated by the material ejector 621 driven by high-pressure hydrogen gives the solid hydrogen storage material sufficient momentum and dispersion during the transportation process. When it is sprayed into the top of the reactor 31 from the feed nozzle 42, it can form a more uniform spatial intersection with the atomized water jet, significantly improving the initial mixing efficiency of the hydrolysis reaction and ensuring the coherence and reliability of the vehicle power system under complex working conditions.

[0028] Furthermore, the feeding unit 4 further includes a crushing box 43 with a crushing mechanism built therein. The raw material bin 41, the crushing box 43, and the suction port of the material ejector 621 are connected in sequence. The crushing mechanism built in the crushing box 43 is located in the upper half of the crushing box 43. The raw material bin 41 is connected and communicated with the top of the crushing box 43, and the suction port of the material ejector 621 is connected and communicated with the bottom of the crushing box 43.

[0029] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin 41 can be a powdery material or a non-powdery material. If the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin 41 is powdery, it is directly transported to the crushing box 43 for storage, and then the powdery solid hydrogen storage material stored in the crushing box 43 is injected into the reactor 31 through the material ejector 621. If the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin 41 is non-powdery, while the solid hydrogen storage material is transported to the crushing box 43, the high-speed shearing and impact of the crushing mechanism built in the crushing box 43 are used to break the solid hydrogen storage material into powder, and then the powdery solid hydrogen storage material is injected into the reactor 31 through the material ejector 621. To ensure that the solid hydrogen pool module of the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to solid hydrogen storage materials of any shape.

[0030] Secondly, by utilizing the design that the suction port of the material ejector 621 is connected to the bottom of the pulverizing tank 43, continuous feeding is achieved through the self-weight of the solid hydrogen storage material. When the material ejector 621 is started, the solid hydrogen storage material at the bottom of the pulverizing tank 43 forms a stable fluidized transportation under the dual actions of negative pressure adsorption and gravity, and its fluidity is significantly improved. Moreover, while the pulverizing mechanism continuously crushes the newly fed raw materials in the upper part of the pulverizing tank 43, the powder that has been processed at the bottom can be independently transported. This parallel processing mode doubles the overall efficiency of the feeding unit 4. For the vehicle power system, its feeding response speed is increased, significantly shortening the hydrolysis reaction time, thereby ensuring the hydrogen supply stability of the solid hydrogen pool module and providing all-weather reliable energy guarantee for the vehicle power system.

[0031] Furthermore, the vehicle power system further includes a thermal management unit 8. The thermal management unit 8 includes a coolant compensation tank 81, a heat dissipation water jacket 82 arranged on the outer surface of the reactor 31, and a cooling pipeline 83 arranged inside the reactor 31. The coolant compensation tank 81 pre-stores a cooling medium. A first medium circulation pipeline 821 is arranged between the coolant compensation tank 81 and the heat dissipation water jacket 82, and a first medium pump 822 is arranged on the first medium circulation pipeline 821. A second medium circulation pipeline 831 is arranged between the coolant compensation tank 81 and the cooling pipeline 83, and a second medium pump 832 is arranged on the second medium circulation pipeline 831. A temperature sensor is arranged inside the reactor 31, and the temperature sensor is linked with the first medium pump 822 and the second medium pump 832 respectively through the vehicle control module 7.

[0032] Furthermore, the thermal management unit 8 further includes a heat exchanger 84. Both the first medium circulation pipeline 821 and the second medium circulation pipeline 831 are connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank 81 through the heat exchanger 84. A third medium circulation pipeline 841 is arranged between the heat exchanger 84 and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. A first heat exchange medium is preset in the third medium circulation pipeline 841, and a third medium pump 842 is arranged on the third medium circulation pipeline 841.

[0033] Through the implementation of the above-described vehicle power system embodiment, the coolant pipeline within reactor 31 directly acts on the hydrolysis hydrogenation reaction zone. A second medium pump 832 regulates the coolant flow rate to dynamically dissipate the reaction heat, maintaining reactor 31 at a suitable reaction temperature. Simultaneously, a heat dissipation jacket 82 external to reactor 31 covers the entire reactor 31, balancing regional temperature differences generated by internal cooling within reactor 31, ensuring uniformity of the overall temperature field within reactor 31 and preventing reaction rate fluctuations. Furthermore, a temperature sensor provides real-time feedback on temperature data within reactor 31, and the vehicle control module 7 operates in conjunction with a dual-medium pump. When an abnormal temperature rise within reactor 31 is detected, the internal coolant pipeline initiates emergency cooling, while the external heat dissipation jacket 82 simultaneously initiates a pressurized cycle to rapidly dissipate excess reaction heat. This dual-path thermal management approach improves heat dissipation per unit volume and effectively prevents localized overheating.

[0034] Based on the above cooling method, in order to cool the medium that extracts the reaction heat for recycling, the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a waste heat recovery mode. That is, the reaction heat absorbed by the medium in the heat dissipation water jacket 82 and the cold liquid pipeline is exchanged with the electrochemical reaction in the hydrogen fuel cell 21 through the heat exchanger 84 to preheat or maintain the electrochemical reaction temperature in the hydrogen fuel cell 21, thereby realizing the recycling of heat energy. Therefore, when the stack in the hydrogen fuel cell 21 is at a low temperature, the waste heat recovery mode is enabled to form a cross-module thermal balance, which enables the cooling medium to be recycled and ensures that the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 is doubled, thereby greatly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system.

[0035] Furthermore, the hydrogen buffer assembly 61 includes a hydrogen buffer tank 611, a solid-state hydrogen storage component 612, and a heating element. The hydrogen buffer tank 611 is a horizontal structure. One end of the hydrogen buffer tank 611 is provided with an air inlet connected to the three-way valve 622, and the other end of the hydrogen buffer tank 611 is provided with an air outlet connected to the hydrogen inlet side of the hydrogen fuel cell 21. A second pressure sensor is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen buffer tank 611 and the hydrogen fuel cell 21. The second pressure sensor is respectively linked to the supply rate of the feeding unit 4, the water supply unit 5, and the hydrogen supply unit 6; The solid-state hydrogen storage component 612 and the heating element are both arranged in the hydrogen buffer tank 611, and the solid-state hydrogen storage component 612 releases hydrogen through the low-temperature heat provided by the heating element. The heating element includes an electric heater and a fourth medium circulation pipeline 613 arranged between the hydrogen buffer tank 611 and the heat exchanger 84. The fourth medium circulation pipeline 613 is preset with a second heat exchange medium, and a fourth medium pump 614 is provided on the fourth medium circulation pipeline 613.

[0036] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, when the hydrogen released from the hydrogen release outlet of the reactor 31 is directed into the hydrogen buffering component 61, the hydrogen buffering tank 611 is used to buffer and store the hydrogen released by hydrolysis in the reactor 31. Inside the hydrogen buffering tank 611, with the solid hydrogen storage member 612 arranged inside, through physical adsorption, part of the instantaneously high-pressure hydrogen released from the reactor 31 and entering the hydrogen buffering tank 611 is absorbed. Combining with the fact that the hydrogen buffering tank 611 itself has a certain hydrogen storage capacity, it can greatly weaken the pressure change impact caused by hydrolysis hydrogen release in the reactor 31. At the same time, when the hydrogen release efficiency in the reactor 31 is far less than the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21, by starting the heating element to conduct low-temperature heating in the hydrogen buffering tank 611, the hydrogen stored on the solid hydrogen storage member 612 can be quickly released in a short time, so as to maintain the stability of the inlet pressure of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and even meet the demand of the sudden increase in load of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. Among them, the solid hydrogen storage member 612 is different from the solid hydrogen storage material in the reactor 31, and only needs low-temperature heat to release the hydrogen it adsorbs, such as non-metallic solid hydrogen storage materials like aminoborane.

[0037] In addition, since a large amount of reaction heat is released during the hydrolysis hydrogen release reaction process in the reactor 31, while using the reaction heat to conduct low-temperature startup of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21, the reaction heat absorbed by the heat dissipation water jacket 82 and the medium in the cold liquid pipeline can be exchanged with the second heat exchange medium in the fourth medium circulation pipeline 613 through the heat exchanger 84 to maintain the hydrogen release temperature in the hydrogen buffering tank 611, and further realize the recycling of thermal energy. At the same time, the electric heating element can be used to conduct low-temperature preheating of the internal environment of the hydrogen buffering pipe, and after reaching the temperature at which the solid hydrogen storage member 612 can release hydrogen, it is switched to the form of heat exchange with the second heat exchange medium to maintain the hydrogen release temperature in the hydrogen buffering tank 611.

[0038] Furthermore, the water circulation component 53 includes a first steam-water separator 531 and a second steam-water separator 532. The first steam-water separator 531 is connected to the anodic reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and is used to lead out the unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. The second steam-water separator 532 is connected to the cathodic product side of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and is used to lead out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. The separation liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator 531 and the second steam-water separator 532 are both connected to the water tank 51.

[0039] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, when the electrochemical reaction occurs inside the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 to release electrical energy, it cannot be ensured that all hydrogen is completely electrolyzed, so there will still be some electrolysis products inside the anode, mainly including unreacted hydrogen and a small amount of water vapor. Therefore, the first steam-water separator 531 is used to extract the unreacted water vapor inside the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 and perform gas-water separation. In addition, since the hydrogen generated by hydrolysis in the reactor 31 needs to have a certain humidity to meet the operating mass transfer conditions of the battery stack inside the hydrogen fuel power battery 21, when the electrochemical reaction occurs inside the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 to release electrical energy, the water vapor product located at the cathode after the reaction does not need to flow back, but is extracted by the second steam-water separator 532 and subjected to steam-water separation. Recycling the aqueous solution containing hydrogen atoms separated by the first steam-water separator 531 and the second steam-water separator 532 back to the water tank 51 for hydrogen release reaction by hydrolysis can achieve closed-loop utilization of water resources, reduce the external water supply demand, and by reusing the hydrogen atoms in the aqueous solution for hydrogen release, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 can be doubled, thereby greatly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system.

[0040] Further, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the solid hydrogen cell module includes a plurality of hydrogen release units 3, and each hydrogen release unit 3 is connected to a feeding unit 4, a water supply unit 5, and a hydrogen supply unit 6; The reactors 31 corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen release units 3 are configured with the same or different reaction temperatures and catalysts. The plurality of hydrogen release units 3 configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst constitute a hydrogen release module, and the reaction rates of the hydrogen release units 3 in different hydrogen release modules increase by configuring different reaction temperatures and catalysts; The solid hydrogen cell module further includes a tail material recovery unit 9. The tail material recovery unit 9 includes a tail material bin, a tail material pump, and an electromagnetic valve. A tail material discharge port is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the reactor 31. The electromagnetic valve is arranged in the tail material discharge port, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to the tail material bin through the tail material pump.

[0041] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, by using the modular combination of multiple hydrogen release units 3 and the hierarchical reaction control strategy, comprehensive optimization is achieved in terms of the flexibility of hydrogen energy supply, system energy efficiency, and sustainability, thereby allowing the vehicle control module 7 to dynamically adjust the hydrogen production scale according to the vehicle power demand.

[0042] That is, only some of the hydrogen release modules or some of the hydrogen release units 3 in the hydrogen release module are enabled under low load conditions to reduce energy consumption; under high load, multiple hydrogen release modules cooperate to output to meet the instantaneous high-power demand, significantly improving the matching accuracy between hydrogen energy supply and power demand. Different hydrogen release modules form a stepped reaction rate regulation ability by differentially configuring the reaction temperature and catalyst type. For example, the hydrogen release module configured with a highly active catalyst and medium temperature conditions can quickly release hydrogen during the vehicle acceleration stage, while the hydrogen release module using a long-term stability catalyst and low temperature conditions is responsible for the base load supply. This hierarchical control strategy improves the overall reaction efficiency of the system and avoids the problem of catalyst deactivation caused by overloading of a single hydrogen release unit 3.

[0043] In addition, during the process of hydrogen release in the reactor 31 and hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel power battery 21, when the hydrogen supply ends and the pressure in the reactor 31 is less than the preset pressure threshold, the three-way valve 622 is closed and the solenoid valve is opened, so that the tailings collected at the bottom of the reactor 31 are directionally transported to the tailings bin for temporary storage. Subsequently, the tailings can be activated and regenerated or safely disposed of through an external treatment system, so as to timely remove reaction by-products to prevent blockage of the catalyst layer 32 and maintain the internal flow field stability of the reactor 31. And a closed-loop feedback is made on whether the demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 reaches the preset demand threshold. After reaching the preset demand threshold, the solid hydrogen pool module is closed, and after purging, the machine stops; when the preset demand threshold is not reached, the hydrolysis hydrogen release cycle of the solid hydrogen pool module continues, and the volume of the reactor 31 remains constant throughout the process.

[0044] The vehicle power system of the embodiment of the present invention has the following outstanding technical effects: 1. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, hydrogen energy is used as a secondary energy source for storage, and its energy storage density is more than 10 times that of traditional lithium batteries. At present, the relatively high energy density of existing lithium batteries is 200 Wh / kg, while the hydrogen storage density of solid hydrogen storage materials can generally reach at least 20 wt% after hydrogen release by adding water. That is, 100 kg of solid hydrogen storage materials can produce 20 kg of hydrogen after reacting with water, and the low calorific value of hydrogen is 33 kWh / kgH2, which means that 100 kg of solid hydrogen storage materials can store 660 kWh of electric energy. The energy density of solid hydrogen storage materials is 6.6 kWh / kg. If the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 is used to convert it into electricity again, and the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 is calculated at 60%, the energy density of the hydrogen energy produced by the solid hydrogen pool module after being converted into electricity is 3.96 kWh / kg, which is 20 times the energy density of lithium batteries, and a leapfrog iteration can be achieved; 2. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, the water generated by the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 during power generation can be fully reused to react with the solid hydrogen storage material to produce hydrogen, and one hydrogen atom in the water molecule can be reused for power generation. In theory, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 can be doubled. That is, if the efficiency of the fuel cell is 60%, by using the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 with the integrated solid hydrogen cell module of the present invention, the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency can be increased to 120%. Even considering the efficiency loss in actual use, the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency can reach at least over 80%, which is much higher than the traditional fuel cell system using high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders; 3. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen cell module is provided according to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. When not in use, the hydrogen exists in the form of solid hydrogen storage material, which is highly safe at normal temperature and pressure, without the risk of fire and explosion, and can enter the underground garage, being safer than gasoline vehicles and lithium battery vehicles. It realizes the situation of using hydrogen without seeing hydrogen, completely solves the safety problems in the terminal use of hydrogen energy, and provides technical feasibility for the realization of the hydrogen energy social ecosystem; 4. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, through controlling the hydrogen release rate in the fixed-volume reactor 31, controllable hydrogen fusion can be achieved, making it possible to release hydrogen by adding water, and thus greatly improving the hydrogen storage density. When the hydrogen storage density exceeds 20%, replacing the 500 kg lithium battery of the current lithium battery passenger car with a solid hydrogen cell module of the same weight can produce 100 kg of hydrogen. Currently, the hydrogen consumption of existing fuel cell passenger cars is generally less than 1 kgH2 / 100 km. The vehicle power system of the present invention can enable the vehicle to have a one-time cruising range of more than 10,000 km, so that the fuel cell passenger car does not need to be charged, refueled with hydrogen, or refueled with gasoline, and only needs to be maintained once every 10,000 km, that is, replacing the solid hydrogen cell module once; 5. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, the infrastructure construction is more convenient. It is not necessary to build hydrogen refueling stations. Only solid hydrogen cell production enterprises need to be built at the hydrogen mother station or hydrogen production plant, which greatly reduces the station construction cost and can reduce the construction of charging piles, charging stations, and gas stations, significantly reducing the social cost; 6. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, long-term power supply can be achieved. Through intelligent control, timing, quantitative, and intelligent control output can be realized from the vehicle level VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) to the fuel cell level FCU (Fuel Cell Unit) and then to the hydrogen storage level HCU (Hydrogen Control Unit).

[0045] The present invention also discloses a control method for controlling the above-mentioned vehicle power system based on a solid hydrogen cell with a constant volume. The control method includes: In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, the output power of the power drive module 1 is collected in real time according to the current working state of the target vehicle; Convert the output power of the power drive module 1 into the power consumption of the power drive module 1, and calculate the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 based on the hydrogen-to-electricity conversion efficiency according to the power consumption of the power drive module 1; When the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 meets the demand threshold, the trigger control injects the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin 41 and the water in the water tank 51 into the reactor 31 for hydrogen release reaction; The amount of solid hydrogen storage material and water injected into the reactor 31 is acquired in real time, and the actual hydrogen release efficiency is calculated based on the ideal gas law in combination with the hydrogen release pressure in the reactor 31 acquired in real time by the first pressure sensor 33; When the hydrogen release pressure in the reactor 31 tends to be stable, the theoretical maximum hydrogen release amount is calculated based on the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material and the water injection amount when the hydrogen release pressure is stable, and the target hydrogen release efficiency is calculated in combination with the hydrogen consumption demand; The actual hydrogen release efficiency is matched with the target hydrogen release efficiency in real time, and in response to judging that the actual hydrogen release amount is less than the target hydrogen release efficiency, the trigger control dynamically adjusts the working parameters of the ejector assembly 62 and the water pump 52 until the actual hydrogen release efficiency reaches the target hydrogen release efficiency.

[0046] By implementing the above-described control method embodiment, a closed-loop dynamic matching mechanism is established between hydrogen energy supply and vehicle power demand. When the vehicle is started, the instantaneous output power of the power drive module 1 is prioritized. The built-in hydrogen-to-electricity conversion efficiency model is used to calculate the hydrogen consumption demand curve of the hydrogen fuel cell 21 in real time, forming a hydrogen supply control benchmark driven by power demand. This dynamically couples hydrogen energy supply with the vehicle's driving state (acceleration, cruising, braking, etc.) at the millisecond level, avoiding power response lag caused by hydrogen supply delays. During the hydrogen release reaction triggering phase, the deviation between the actual hydrogen production rate and the theoretical value within the reactor 31 is identified by synchronously quantifying the stoichiometric ratio of the solid-state hydrogen storage material and water injection, combined with pressure data fed back by the first pressure sensor 33. Based on this information, the solid-state hydrogen storage material injection rate and water injection flow rate of the ejector assembly 62 are dynamically adjusted. For example, if the actual hydrogen release efficiency is detected to be lower than the target value, the working fluid pressure of the material ejector 621 can be automatically increased, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage material injection rate. The water delivery rate of the water pump 52 is also optimized to increase the ratio of solid-state hydrogen storage material to water, restoring the reactor 31 to the optimal hydrogen production state. Thus, through multi-dimensional collaborative optimization, the solid-state hydrogen pool module can maintain a stable and continuous hydrogen production efficiency, thereby promoting the large-scale application of hydrogen fuel cell 21 in the field of vehicle power.

[0047] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and all such modifications and replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell, characterized in that, The vehicle power system includes: A power drive module is used to provide driving force for the vehicle; A power battery module, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell power battery and a pure electric cell power battery, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell power battery and the pure electric cell power battery are electrically connected to the power drive module respectively; A solid-state hydrogen pool module comprises a hydrogen release unit, a feeding unit, a water supply unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the hydrogen release unit comprises a reactor, a catalyst layer and a first pressure sensor arranged in the reactor, the top and bottom of the reactor are in a conical structure arranged relative to each other, the feeding unit comprises a raw material bin, and a feeding nozzle located on one side of the top of the reactor and connected to the raw material bin, the water supply unit comprises a water tank, a water pump, a water circulation component, and an atomizing nozzle located on the other side of the top of the reactor and having an injection direction opposite to the feeding nozzle, the water tank, the water pump and the atomizing nozzle are connected in sequence, the water circulation component is connected to the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell and the water tank, the hydrogen supply unit comprises a slow hydrogen component and an ejection component, the slow hydrogen component is connected to the top of the reactor and the hydrogen fuel cell, the raw material bin is connected to the feeding nozzle through the ejection component, and the ejection component is connected to the reactor, for ejecting the solid-state hydrogen storage material from the raw material bin through the hydrogen introduced into the reactor, and quantitatively injecting the solid hydrogen into the reactor from the feeding nozzle in a gas-solid mixed manner; The vehicle control module is respectively communicatively connected to the power drive module, the power battery module, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module, and the first pressure sensor is respectively linked to the supply rate of the feeding unit, the water supply unit, and the hydrogen supply unit through the vehicle control module.

2. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen release outlet is provided at the top of the reactor, and the ejector assembly includes a material ejector and a three-way valve, one connecting port on the three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen release outlet, another connecting port on the three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen buffer assembly, the last connecting port on the three-way valve is connected to the working fluid port of the material ejector, the suction port of the material ejector is connected to the raw material bin, and the pressure port of the material ejector is connected to the feed nozzle.

3. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejection assembly also includes a power air storage chamber and a one-way valve. The three-way valve, the power air storage chamber and the working fluid port of the material ejector are connected in sequence, and the one-way valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the power air storage chamber and the material ejector.

4. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding unit further comprises a crushing box with a built-in crushing mechanism, and the raw material bin, the crushing box and the suction port of the material ejector are connected in sequence; The built-in crushing mechanism of the crushing box is located in the upper half of the crushing box, the raw material bin is connected to the top of the crushing box, and the suction port of the material ejector is connected to the bottom of the crushing box.

5. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vehicle power system further includes a thermal management unit, which includes a coolant compensation tank, a cooling water jacket disposed on the outer surface of the reactor, and a cooling pipeline disposed inside the reactor. The coolant compensation tank pre-stores a cooling medium. A first medium circulation pipeline is provided between the coolant compensation tank and the cooling water jacket, and a first medium pump is provided on the first medium circulation pipeline. A second medium circulation pipeline is provided between the coolant compensation tank and the cooling pipeline, and a second medium pump is provided on the second medium circulation pipeline. A temperature sensor is disposed inside the reactor, and the temperature sensor is linked with the first medium pump and the second medium pump respectively through the vehicle control module.

6. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal management unit further includes a heat exchanger. Both the first medium circulation pipeline and the second medium circulation pipeline are connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank through the heat exchanger, and a third medium circulation pipeline is provided between the heat exchanger and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power battery. A first heat exchange medium is preset in the third medium circulation pipeline, and a third medium pump is provided on the third medium circulation pipeline.

7. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen slow-down component includes a hydrogen slow-down tank, a solid hydrogen storage member, and a heating member. The hydrogen slow-down tank is of a horizontal structure. An air inlet connected to the three-way valve is provided at one end of the hydrogen slow-down tank, and an air outlet connected to the hydrogen inlet side of the hydrogen fuel power battery is provided at the other end of the hydrogen slow-down tank. A second pressure sensor is provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen slow-down tank and the hydrogen fuel power battery, and the second pressure sensor is linked with the supply rates of the feeding unit, the water supply unit, and the hydrogen supply unit respectively. The solid hydrogen storage member and the heating member are both disposed inside the hydrogen slow-down tank, and the solid hydrogen storage member releases hydrogen through the low-temperature heat provided by the heating member. The heating member includes an electric heater and a fourth medium circulation pipeline provided between the hydrogen slow-down tank and the heat exchanger. A second heat exchange medium is preset in the fourth medium circulation pipeline, and a fourth medium pump is provided on the fourth medium circulation pipeline.

8. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation component includes a first steam-water separator and a second steam-water separator. The first steam-water separator is connected to the anode reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power battery and is used to draw out the unreacted water vapor inside the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery. The second steam-water separator is connected to the cathode product side of the hydrogen fuel power battery and is used to draw out the reaction products inside the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power battery. The separation liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator and the second steam-water separator are both connected to the water tank.

9. The vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid hydrogen pool module includes a plurality of the hydrogen release units, and each of the hydrogen release units is connected to the feeding unit, the water supply unit, and the hydrogen supply unit. The reactors corresponding to the plurality of hydrogen release units are configured with the same or different reaction temperatures and catalysts. The plurality of hydrogen release units configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst constitute a hydrogen release module, and the reaction rates of the hydrogen release units in different hydrogen release modules increase by configuring different reaction temperatures and catalysts. The solid hydrogen pool module further includes a tail material recovery unit, which includes a tail material bin, a tail material pump, and a solenoid valve. A tail material discharge port is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the reactor. The solenoid valve is arranged in the tail material discharge port, and the solenoid valve is connected to the tail material bin through the tail material pump.

10. A control method for controlling a vehicle power system based on a constant-volume solid hydrogen cell according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The control method includes: In response to the target vehicle being powered on standby, according to the current working state of the target vehicle, the output power of the power drive module is collected in real time; Converting the output power of the power drive module into the power consumption of the power drive module, and based on the power consumption of the power drive module, calculating the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery based on the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency; When the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery meets the demand threshold, trigger control to inject the solid hydrogen storage material in the raw material bin and the water in the water tank into the reactor for hydrogen release reaction; Collect and obtain the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material and the water injection amount in the reactor in real time, and combine the hydrogen release pressure in the reactor collected by the first pressure sensor in real time, and calculate the actual hydrogen release efficiency based on the ideal gas law; After the hydrogen release pressure in the reactor tends to be stable, calculate the theoretical maximum hydrogen release amount according to the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material and the water injection amount when the hydrogen release pressure is stable, and calculate the target hydrogen release efficiency in combination with the hydrogen consumption demand; Match the actual hydrogen release efficiency with the target hydrogen release efficiency in real time, and in response to the judgment that the actual hydrogen release amount is less than the target hydrogen release efficiency, trigger control to dynamically adjust the working parameters of the ejector assembly and the water pump until the actual hydrogen release efficiency reaches the target hydrogen release efficiency.

Images