Biological organic fertilizer special for corn as well as preparation method and application of biological organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of bio-organic fertilizers, in particular to a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as well as a preparation method and application of the special bio-organic fertilizer. The invention provides a biological organic fertilizer special for corn. The biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 50 to 60 parts of kitchen garbage, 20 to 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 10 to 20 parts of straw and 1.5 to 2.5 parts of fermentation inoculant. The bio-organic fertilizer provided by the invention is high in fertilizer efficiency, can significantly improve the yield and quality of corn, increases the content of organic matters and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil, and has dual effects of promoting growth and improving soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the preparation of bio-organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the growth process of corn, the demand for nutrients is relatively large. To obtain a high corn yield, sufficient fertilizer guarantee is necessary. Relevant experiments show that for every 100 kilograms of corn produced, 2 - 3 kilograms of nitrogen, 1 - 2 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide, and 1.5 - 3 kilograms of potassium oxide need to be absorbed. The requirements for nutrients in different growth and development stages of corn are also different: from the three-leaf stage to the jointing stage, the demand for nutrients by corn seedlings is relatively small, but this stage is the basis for obtaining high yields; from the jointing stage to the heading stage is an important period for the formation of corn ears and also the period with the highest nutrient demand. The nitrogen absorbed during this period accounts for 1 / 3 of the whole growth period, phosphorus accounts for 1 / 2, and potassium accounts for 2 / 3. If the nutrient supply is sufficient during this period, the corn plants can be tall, the stems can be thick, and the ears can be large with many grains; during the heading and flowering stage, the growth of the plants basically ends at this stage. The consumption of nitrogen accounts for 1 / 5 of the nitrogen in the whole growth period, phosphorus accounts for 1 / 5, and potassium accounts for 1 / 3; from the filling stage to the maturity stage, the fertilizer demand of corn increases rapidly at this time to form proteins, starches, and fats in the grains. The nitrogen absorbed during this period accounts for 1 / 2 of the whole growth period, and phosphorus accounts for 1 / 3.

[0003] Corn is a high-yielding and fertilizer-loving crop. During the normal growth and development process, it must absorb sufficient organic matter, three major macronutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and medium and micronutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, zinc, and iron. Especially for calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, the most obvious symptom of calcium deficiency in corn is that the tips of the leaves stick to each other and the leaves cannot stretch normally; when corn is deficient in magnesium, symptoms usually first appear on the old leaves at the base, with light yellow stripes appearing between the veins and then turning white, but the veins remain green all the time; the typical symptom of sulfur deficiency in corn is the chlorosis of young leaves. Therefore, to make corn high-yield and high-quality, special fertilizers must be used. However, the fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizers in the existing technology is single and cannot provide relatively comprehensive nutrient components for corn at the same time. Bio-organic fertilizers are favored by planting farmers because of their comprehensive fertilizer nutrients, long fertilizer efficiency, and no environmental pollution problems. However, there is a lack of relevant research on special organic fertilizers for corn in the existing technology, resulting in a decreasing trend in corn yield year by year. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of kitchen waste, 20-30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 10-20 parts of straw, and 1.5-2.5 parts of fermentation bacteria agent;

[0007] The fermentation bacteria agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of Bacillus subtilis var. minor, 20-30 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 16-20 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 16-20 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15-19 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 11-15 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 11-15 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 8-12 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 8-12 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 5-9 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, and 5-9 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera.

[0008] Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are one or more of wolfberry traditional Chinese medicine residues, astragalus traditional Chinese medicine residues, motherwort traditional Chinese medicine residues, angelica traditional Chinese medicine residues, atractylodes macrocephala traditional Chinese medicine residues, eucommia ulmoides traditional Chinese medicine residues, salvia miltiorrhiza traditional Chinese medicine residues, alisma orientale traditional Chinese medicine residues, lotus leaf traditional Chinese medicine residues, tangerine peel traditional Chinese medicine residues, or licorice traditional Chinese medicine residues.

[0009] Preferably, the bacteria content of Bacillus subtilis var. minor, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Clostridium thermocopriae, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera is 300-500 million / g.

[0010] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Mix the kitchen waste, traditional Chinese medicine residues, and straw, adjust the water content, and then add Bacillus subtilis var. minor, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once every 3-5 days;

[0012] (2) On the 7th-9th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0013] (3) On the 13th-15th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0014] (4) Complete the composting on the 18th-22nd day, and obtain the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn after aging.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the water content is adjusted to 45-60%.

[0016] Preferably, the aging time in step (4) is 15-20 days.

[0017] The present invention also provides the application of the described special bio-organic fertilizer for corn or the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn prepared by the preparation method of the described special bio-organic fertilizer for corn in corn planting.

[0018] Preferably, the method for corn planting includes the following steps:

[0019] (a) Applying the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as base fertilizer before corn planting;

[0020] (b) Applying the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as top dressing when the corn grows to 3 - 5 leaves, at the jointing stage, at the big trumpet stage and at the filling stage respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the application rate of the base fertilizer is 500 - 700 kg / mu.

[0022] Preferably, the application rate of the top dressing is 80 - 150 kg / mu.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The bio-organic fertilizer provided by the present invention has high fertilizer efficiency, can significantly improve the yield and quality of corn, and increase the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, having the dual effects of promoting growth and improving soil.

[0025] The fermentation materials used in the present invention are mainly kitchen waste, followed by Chinese medicine residues and straws. In the prior art, the treatment of kitchen waste is a thorny problem. Although there are also relevant records on using the probiotic fermentation method to treat kitchen waste, there are still problems such as high salt content in the early stage of fermentation, long fermentation time (usually three to six months), generation of peculiar smell during fermentation, need for specific fermentation conditions, need to control conditions such as temperature and humidity during fermentation, it is difficult to achieve an ideal fermentation effect under conventional fermentation environments, and kitchen waste is prone to breeding germs and pests, and improper treatment will also cause environmental pollution.

[0026] Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, the present invention starts from the selection of probiotics and achieves the technical effect of effectively fermenting and decomposing kitchen waste in an environmentally friendly manner through the use of a three-time inoculation fermentation process. For the first fermentation inoculation, the added Bacillus licheniformis subsp., Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous can rapidly multiply in a high-salt environment. Rhodopseudomonas capsulata can initially decompose the crude protein and crude fiber in the materials. Rhodococcus rhodochrous has the characteristics of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization and salt tolerance, and this strain has a significant salt tolerance and growth promotion effect on corn. Bacillus licheniformis subsp. can decompose the organic substances in the fertilizer.

[0027] Then, on the 13th to 15th day of composting, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, which can rapidly multiply in the high-temperature composting environment and have strong decomposition ability for lignocellulosic raw materials, are added to enable the materials to ferment and rot sufficiently. The addition of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus can significantly reduce the growth of harmful bacteria and also avoid the generation of odors during the fermentation process.

[0028] Finally, on the 18th to 22nd day of composting, Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, which are probiotics with protein decomposition efficacy, are inoculated to further decompose the crude protein substances in the materials sufficiently. Therefore, through the process of three inoculation fermentations, the kitchen waste can be fully decomposed and rotted in a short time, no harmful bacteria will be generated during the composting process, and no odors will be produced either. The addition of Chinese medicine residues and straw aims to increase the content of fiber substances in the fermentation materials, and another purpose is that there are still rich nutrients remaining in the Chinese medicine residues, which can be utilized by probiotics for propagation.

[0029] Therefore, the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn prepared by the method of the present invention not only has high fertilizer efficiency, but also is rich in probiotics, which has an obvious growth-promoting effect on corn, can also improve the soil and increase the content of organic matter in the soil, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a statistical chart of the corn yields of different experimental groups.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a statistical chart of the 100-kernel weights of corn in different experimental groups.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a statistical chart of the corn qualities of different experimental groups.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a statistical chart of the changes in soil organic matter in different experimental groups.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a statistical chart of the changes in available potassium in the soil of different experimental groups.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a statistical chart of the changes in available phosphorus in the soil of different experimental groups.

[0037] Figure 7 Statistical chart of the change in total nitrogen in the soil of different experimental groups. Detailed implementation method

[0038] The present invention provides a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of kitchen waste, 20-30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 10-20 parts of straw, and 1.5-2.5 parts of fermentation bacteria agent;

[0039] Preferably, it comprises the following components in parts by mass: 52-58 parts of kitchen waste, 22-28 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 12-18 parts of straw, and 1.7-2.3 parts of fermentation bacteria agent;

[0040] More preferably, it is 54-56 parts of kitchen waste, 24-26 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 14-16 parts of straw, and 1.9-2.1 parts of fermentation bacteria agent;

[0041] Even more preferably, it is 55 parts of kitchen waste, 25 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 15 parts of straw, and 2 parts of fermentation bacteria agent.

[0042] In the present invention, the fermentation bacteria agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of Bacillus subtilis var. w-10, 20-30 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 16-20 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 16-20 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15-19 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 11-15 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 11-15 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 8-12 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 8-12 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 5-9 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, 5-9 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera;

[0043] Preferably, it comprises the following components in parts by mass: 22-28 parts of Bacillus subtilis var. w-10, 22-28 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 17-19 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 17-19 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 16-18 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 12-14 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 12-14 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 9-11 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 9-11 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 6-8 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, 6-8 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera;

[0044] More preferably, it comprises the following components in parts by mass: 24-26 parts of Bacillus subtilis var. w-10, 24-26 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 18 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 18 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 17 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 13 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 13 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 10 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 10 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 7 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, 7 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera;

[0045] More preferably, it comprises components in the following parts by mass: 25 parts of Bacillus licheniformis subsp., 25 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 18 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 18 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 17 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 13 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 13 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 10 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 10 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 7 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, 7 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera.

[0046] In the present invention, the Chinese medicine residues are one or more of Chinese wolfberry Chinese medicine residues, astragalus Chinese medicine residues, motherwort Chinese medicine residues, angelica Chinese medicine residues, atractylodes Chinese medicine residues, eucommia Chinese medicine residues, salvia Chinese medicine residues, alisma Chinese medicine residues, lotus leaf Chinese medicine residues, tangerine peel Chinese medicine residues or licorice Chinese medicine residues; preferably, they are astragalus Chinese medicine residues, motherwort Chinese medicine residues, angelica Chinese medicine residues, atractylodes Chinese medicine residues, eucommia Chinese medicine residues, salvia Chinese medicine residues, alisma Chinese medicine residues, lotus leaf Chinese medicine residues, tangerine peel Chinese medicine residues with equal mass; more preferably, they are Chinese wolfberry Chinese medicine residues, astragalus Chinese medicine residues, motherwort Chinese medicine residues, angelica Chinese medicine residues, atractylodes Chinese medicine residues, eucommia Chinese medicine residues, salvia Chinese medicine residues, alisma Chinese medicine residues, lotus leaf Chinese medicine residues, tangerine peel Chinese medicine residues or licorice Chinese medicine residues with equal mass.

[0047] In the present invention, the bacteria content of the Bacillus licheniformis subsp., Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Clostridium thermocopriae, Yarrowia lipolytica, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera is 300 million - 500 million / g; preferably, it is 400 million / g.

[0048] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above - mentioned special biological organic fertilizer for corn, comprising the following steps:

[0049] (1) Mix kitchen waste, Chinese medicine residues and straw, adjust the water content, and then add Bacillus licheniformis subsp., Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once every 3 - 5 days;

[0050] (2) On the 7th - 9th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0051] (3) On the 13th - 15th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0052] (4) Complete the composting on the 18th - 22nd day, and obtain the special biological organic fertilizer for corn after aging for 10 - 15 days.

[0053] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above - mentioned special biological organic fertilizer for corn, preferably comprising the following steps:

[0054] (1) Mix kitchen waste, Chinese medicine residues, and straw. After adjusting the water content, add Bacillus subtilis var. minor, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once on the 4th day;

[0055] (2) On the 8th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0056] (3) On the 14th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0057] (4) Complete the composting on the 19th - 21st day, and obtain the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn after aging.

[0058] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above - mentioned special bio - organic fertilizer for corn, which preferably further includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) Mix kitchen waste, Chinese medicine residues, and straw. After adjusting the water content, add Bacillus subtilis var. minor, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once on the 4th day;

[0060] (2) On the 8th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0061] (3) On the 14th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0062] (4) Complete the composting on the 20th day, and obtain the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn after aging.

[0063] In the present invention, in step (1), the water content is adjusted to 45 - 60%; preferably 50 - 55%; more preferably 55%.

[0064] In the present invention, in step (4), the aging time is 15 - 20 days; preferably 16 - 19 days; more preferably 17 - 18 days; most preferably 18 days.

[0065] The present invention also provides the application of the above - mentioned special bio - organic fertilizer for corn or the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn prepared by the preparation method of the above - mentioned special bio - organic fertilizer for corn in corn planting.

[0066] In the present invention, the method of corn planting includes the following steps:

[0067] (a) Apply the above - mentioned special bio - organic fertilizer for corn as the base fertilizer before corn planting;

[0068] (b) Apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as top dressing when the corn grows to 3 - 5 leaves, at the jointing stage, at the large trumpet mouth stage, and at the filling stage respectively.

[0069] In the present invention, it is preferred to apply top dressing when the corn grows to 4 leaves.

[0070] In the present invention, the application rate of the base fertilizer is 500 - 700 kg / mu; preferably 540 - 660 kg / mu; more preferably 580 - 620 kg / mu; even more preferably 600 kg / mu.

[0071] In the present invention, the application rate of the top dressing is 80 - 150 kg / mu; preferably 90 - 140 kg / mu; more preferably 100 - 130 kg / mu; even more preferably 120 kg / mu.

[0072] In the present invention, the specific sources of the strains are: Bacillus licheniformis (Shanghai Medical Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Rhodopseudomonas capsulata (ATCC 33762), Rhodococcus rhodochrous (Shanghai Yushao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Bacillus subtilis (Shanghai Xuanke Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Trichoderma reesei (Shanghai Xuanke Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Shanghai Jiachu Bioengineering Co., Ltd.), Lactobacillus acidophilus (Shanghai Jiachu Bioengineering Co., Ltd.), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Shanghai Xuanke Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Clostridium thermocopriae (ATCC 43739), Yarrowia lipolytica (Shanghai Xuanke Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), Saccharomycopsis fibuligera (Shanghai Jiachu Bioengineering Co., Ltd.).

[0073] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] A special bio-organic fertilizer for corn is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 50 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 10 parts of straw, and 1.5 parts of fermentation inoculant;

[0076] The fermentation inoculant is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 20 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 20 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 16 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 16 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 11 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 11 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 8 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 8 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 5 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, and 5 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera; the bacteria content is 300 million / g.

[0077] The Chinese medicine residues are equal masses of Chinese wolfberry medicine residues, astragalus medicine residues, motherwort medicine residues, angelica medicine residues, atractylodes medicine residues, eucommia medicine residues, and salvia miltiorrhiza medicine residues;

[0078] The preparation method of a special biological organic fertilizer for corn is as follows:

[0079] (1) Mix kitchen waste, traditional Chinese medicine residues, and straw. After adjusting the water content to 45%, add Bacillus subtilis var. laterosporus, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once on the 3rd day;

[0080] (2) On the 7th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0081] (3) On the 13th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0082] (4) Complete the composting on the 18th day, and obtain the special biological organic fertilizer for corn after aging for 15 days.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] A special biological organic fertilizer for corn is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 60 parts of kitchen waste, 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 20 parts of straw, and 2.5 parts of fermentation inoculant;

[0085] The fermentation inoculant is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of Bacillus subtilis var. laterosporus, 30 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 20 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 20 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 19 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 15 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 15 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 12 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 12 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 9 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, and 9 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera; the bacteria content is 500 million / g.

[0086] The traditional Chinese medicine residues are equal-quality Astragalus membranaceus traditional Chinese medicine residues, Leonurus japonicus traditional Chinese medicine residues, Angelica sinensis traditional Chinese medicine residues, Atractylodes macrocephala traditional Chinese medicine residues, Eucommia ulmoides traditional Chinese medicine residues, Salvia miltiorrhiza traditional Chinese medicine residues, Alisma orientale traditional Chinese medicine residues, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. leaf traditional Chinese medicine residues, and Citrus reticulata Blanco pericarpium traditional Chinese medicine residues.

[0087] The preparation method of a special biological organic fertilizer for corn is as follows:

[0088] (1) Mix kitchen waste, traditional Chinese medicine residues, and straw. After adjusting the water content to 60%, add Bacillus subtilis var. laterosporus, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once on the 5th day;

[0089] (2) On the 9th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0090] (3) On the 15th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0091] (4) Compost is completed on the 22nd day, and after aging for 20 days, a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn is obtained.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] A special bio-organic fertilizer for corn is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts of kitchen waste, 25 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 15 parts of straw, and 2 parts of fermentation inoculant;

[0094] The fermentation inoculant is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 25 parts of Bacillus licheniformis var. minor, 25 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 18 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 18 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 17 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 13 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 13 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 10 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 10 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 7 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, and 7 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera; the bacteria content is 400 million / g.

[0095] The Chinese medicine residues are wolfberry Chinese medicine residues, astragalus Chinese medicine residues, motherwort Chinese medicine residues, angelica Chinese medicine residues, atractylodes Chinese medicine residues, eucommia Chinese medicine residues, salvia Chinese medicine residues, alisma Chinese medicine residues, lotus leaf Chinese medicine residues, tangerine peel Chinese medicine residues, and licorice Chinese medicine residues.

[0096] The preparation method of the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn is as follows:

[0097] (1) Mix kitchen waste, Chinese medicine residues, and straw, adjust the water content to 55%, and then add Bacillus licheniformis var. minor, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting. Turn the pile once on the 4th day;

[0098] (2) On the 8th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once;

[0099] (3) On the 14th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once;

[0100] (4) Compost is completed on the 20th day, and after aging for 18 days, a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn is obtained.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] A planting method for high-yield corn is as follows:

[0103] (1) Before planting corn, apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn prepared in Example 1 as base fertilizer; the application rate is 500 kg / mu.

[0104] (2) Apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as topdressing at the time when the corn grows to 3 leaves, jointing stage, large trumpet stage and filling stage respectively; among them, at the 3-leaf stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 90 kg / mu. At the jointing stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 140 kg / mu. At the large trumpet stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 120 kg / mu. At the filling stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 100 kg / mu.

[0105] Example 5

[0106] A planting method for high-yield corn is as follows:

[0107] (1) Apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn prepared in Example 2 as base fertilizer before corn planting; the application rate is 700 kg / mu.

[0108] (2) Apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as topdressing at the time when the corn grows to 5 leaves, jointing stage, large trumpet stage and filling stage respectively; among them, at the 5-leaf stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 100 kg / mu. At the jointing stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 120 kg / mu. At the large trumpet stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 100 kg / mu. At the filling stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 110 kg / mu.

[0109] Example 6

[0110] A planting method for high-yield corn is as follows:

[0111] (1) Apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn prepared in Example 3 as base fertilizer before corn planting; the application rate is 600 kg / mu.

[0112] (2) Apply the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn as topdressing at the time when the corn grows to 4 leaves, jointing stage, large trumpet stage and filling stage respectively; among them, at the 4-leaf stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 80 kg / mu. At the jointing stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 100 kg / mu. At the large trumpet stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 150 kg / mu. At the filling stage, the application rate of the topdressing is 90 kg / mu.

[0113] Experimental Example 1

[0114] Select a test field in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province for corn planting experiment, and the corn variety is selected as Denghai 605. After evenly dividing the planting plots, three plots in each test group are randomly treated.

[0115] Among them, use the planting method provided in Example 6 as the experimental group;

[0116] Control Group 1, other methods are the same as those in Example 6, the only difference is that when preparing the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn in Example 3, no fermentation inoculant is added, and it is prepared by the method of natural composting.

[0117] Control group 2, other methods are the same as those in Example 6, the only difference is that during the preparation of the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn in Example 3, Bacillus subtilis var. paraliquefaciens, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous were not added to the fermentation inoculant.

[0118] Control group 3, other methods are the same as those in Example 6, the only difference is that during the preparation of the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn in Example 3, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae were not added to the fermentation inoculant.

[0119] Control group 4, other methods are the same as those in Example 6, the only difference is that during the preparation of the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn in Example 3, Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera were not added to the fermentation inoculant.

[0120] Control group 5, other methods are the same as those in Example 6, the only difference is that during the preparation of the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn in Example 3, kitchen waste, Chinese medicine residues, and straw were mixed, the water content was adjusted to 55%, and then Bacillus subtilis var. paraliquefaciens, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Clostridium thermocopriae, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera in the fermentation inoculant were directly added for composting for 20 days, and the pile was turned every 7 days. After aging for 18 days, the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn was obtained.

[0121] Existing technology group: 1000 kg / acre of fermented chicken manure was applied as the base fertilizer, and topdressing was applied at the time when the corn grew to 4 leaves, jointing stage, big trumpet stage, and filling stage respectively. 4 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 1.4 kg of phosphorus fertilizer, and 6 kg of potassium fertilizer were required per acre of land.

[0122] Except for the different fertilizer applications in each experimental group, other growth management methods were exactly the same. The experiment lasted for three years, with three crops of corn planted continuously. After the corn was harvested every year, the 100-grain weight of the corn in each plot was investigated, and the total yield was calculated. The quality of the corn was measured in the third year of planting, and all the measurement results were averaged, as shown in Tables 1 to 3.

[0123] Among them, the starch content of corn kernels was determined by the anthrone method; the reducing sugar content of corn kernels was determined by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method; the total soluble sugar content of corn kernels was determined by the sulfuric acid-anthrone colorimetric method.

[0124] Table 1 Total yield (kg / acre)

[0125] Group The first year The second year The third year Experimental group 912.5 942.2 1005.7 Control group 1 703.3 687.4 616.2 Control group 2 863.9 896.2 933.8 Control group 3 856.4 883.6 922.5 Control group 4 847.1 887.4 952.0 Control group 5 753.4 712.1 682.5 Prior art group 805.6 826.4 838.1

[0126] Table 2 100-grain weight (g)

[0127] Group The first year The second year The third year Experimental group 37.5 38.7 40.9 Control group 1 36.4 36.0 35.1 Control group 2 37.2 38.4 39.8 Control group 3 36.8 37.2 37.5 Control group 4 37.2 38.3 40.2 Control group 5 36.7 36.3 35.5 Prior art group 36.5 37.2 38.8

[0128] The quality of corn in the third year of Table 3

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] As shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn provided by the present invention has an obvious promoting effect on the yield and quality of corn. The 100-grain weight of corn ears, the starch content in corn kernels, etc. are significantly higher than those of other control groups and the prior art groups, which indicates that the fertilizer has an excellent growth-promoting effect on corn.

[0132] It can be seen from the data of the control group that only by using the complete fermentation strains of the present invention can the best technical effect be achieved. If some of the strains are discarded, or the fermentation method is set inappropriately, the fermentation effect of the material will be significantly affected, and further the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer will be affected.

[0133] Experimental Example 2

[0134] In order to prove that the special bio-organic fertilizer for corn provided by the present invention has the technical effect of improving the soil, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in each planting plot were measured before corn planting in the present invention. After harvesting the corn in the third year of planting, the physical and chemical properties of the soil were measured again for comparison. The measurement results were all taken as the average values, as shown in Tables 4 - 5.

[0135] Among them, the determination method of soil organic matter content is the dichromate volumetric method, the determination methods of available potassium and available phosphorus are colorimetric methods, and the determination method of total nitrogen is the Kjeldahl method.

[0136] Table 4 Physical and chemical properties of soil before planting (0 - 20 cm)

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Table 5 Physical and chemical properties of soil in the third year of planting (0 - 20 cm)

[0140] Group Organic matter g / kg Available potassium mg / kg Available phosphorus Total nitrogen Experimental group 24.5 178.6 31.7 2.1 Control group 1 19.8 136.5 15.7 0.9 Control group 2 22.1 161.2 27.2 1.8 Control group 3 22.5 156.9 26.6 1.8 Control group 4 24.0 168.7 28.6 1.9 Control group 5 20.4 148.5 24.3 1.2 Prior art group 17.3 134.5 18.3 1.2

[0141] From the comparison of the content before and after Tables 4 and 5, it can be seen that the special bio-organic corn fertilizer provided by the present invention can significantly increase the content of organic matter and the abundance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements in the soil. The longer it is used, the more significant the improvement effect is. This is because the fertilizer of the present invention not only is rich in organic matter but also contains rich probiotics, which have an obvious growth-promoting effect on corn and can also activate the soil and improve the quality of the soil. In the control group, the improvement effect on the soil is far less than that of the experimental group. Moreover, in Control Group 1 and Control Group 5, the parameters such as organic matter in the soil will decrease year by year. Therefore, only by adopting the complete preparation method of the present invention can the best technical effect be achieved.

[0142] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special bio-organic fertilizer for corn, characterized in that, It comprises components in the following parts by mass: 50 - 60 parts of kitchen waste, 20 - 30 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 10 - 20 parts of straw, and 1.5 - 2.5 parts of fermentation inoculant; The fermentation inoculant comprises components in the following parts by mass: 20 - 30 parts of Bacillus subtilis var. wako, 20 - 30 parts of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, 16 - 20 parts of Rhodococcus rhodochrous, 16 - 20 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15 - 19 parts of Trichoderma reesei, 11 - 15 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 11 - 15 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 8 - 12 parts of Geobacillus stearothermophilus, 8 - 12 parts of Clostridium thermocopriae, 5 - 9 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica, and 5 - 9 parts of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera.

2. The special bio-organic corn fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Chinese medicine residues are one or more of Chinese wolfberry Chinese medicine residues, astragalus Chinese medicine residues, motherwort Chinese medicine residues, angelica Chinese medicine residues, atractylodes Chinese medicine residues, eucommia Chinese medicine residues, salvia Chinese medicine residues, alisma Chinese medicine residues, lotus leaf Chinese medicine residues, tangerine peel Chinese medicine residues, or licorice Chinese medicine residues.

3. The special bio-organic corn fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bacteria content of Bacillus subtilis var. wako, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Clostridium thermocopriae, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera is 300 - 500 million / g.

4. A method for preparing a special fertilizer for bio-organic corn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: (1) Mix the kitchen waste, Chinese medicine residues, and straw, adjust the water content, and then add Bacillus subtilis var. wako, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, and Rhodococcus rhodochrous for composting, and turn the pile once every 3 - 5 days; (2) On the 7th - 9th day, add Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma reesei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Clostridium thermocopriae, and turn the pile once; (3) On the 13th - 15th day, add Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and turn the pile once; (4) Complete the composting on the 18th - 22nd day, and obtain the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn after aging.

5. The preparation method of a special bio-organic corn fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), the water content is adjusted to 45 - 60%.

6. The preparation method of a special bio-organic fertilizer for corn according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aging time in step (4) is 15 - 20 days.

7. Application of the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn prepared by the preparation method of the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn according to any one of claims 1 - 3 or the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn according to any one of claims 4 - 6 in corn planting.

8. The application according to claim 7, wherein The method for corn planting comprises the following steps: (a) Apply the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn as base fertilizer before corn planting; (b) Apply the special bio - organic fertilizer for corn as top dressing when the corn grows to 3 - 5 leaves, at the jointing stage, at the big trumpet - shaped stage, and at the filling stage respectively.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The application rate of the base fertilizer is 500 - 700 kg / mu.

10. The application according to claim 8, wherein The application rate of the top dressing is 80 - 150 kg / mu.

Images