Organic fertilizer fermentation device and fermentation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer fermentation, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer fermentation device and a fermentation method thereof.The organic fertilizer fermentation device comprises a base and a fermentation box fixedly installed at the upper end of the base; the device further comprises multiple groups of temperature guide mechanisms, multiple groups of ventilation compensation mechanisms, a circular path transfer mechanism, a cold and hot regulation mechanism, a cold and hot trigger switching mechanism, a fermentation completion confirmation mechanism, multiple groups of position confirmation mechanisms and a temperature detection mechanism. The fermentation temperature can be automatically regulated and controlled based on the temperature change generated in the fermentation process of the organic material, so that the fermentation temperature is kept at 50-65 DEG C, the air supply amount can be automatically regulated and controlled based on the fermentation temperature, the higher the fermentation temperature is, the larger the air supply amount is, the fermentation quality and efficiency are ensured, and whether the fermentation of the organic fertilizer is completed or not can be automatically detected; and a worker is timely notified to carry out subsequent processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer fermentation, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer fermentation device and a fermentation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The fermentation of organic fertilizers is an important process for converting organic materials into high-quality fertilizers. The fermentation of organic fertilizers mainly utilizes the action of microorganisms. Under certain conditions such as temperature, humidity, and oxygen, complex organic substances in the organic materials are decomposed and converted into simple nutrients that are easily absorbed by plants, while killing harmful substances such as pathogenic bacteria, parasite eggs, and weed seeds. In this process, aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms play key roles.

[0003] Under aerobic conditions, aerobic microorganisms multiply rapidly, oxidize and decompose elements such as carbon and nitrogen in the organic materials, generating carbon dioxide, water, and heat, etc., causing the temperature of the compost to rise. The suitable temperature for aerobic fermentation is generally 50 - 65 °C. Exceeding 70 °C will inhibit the growth of microorganisms, while being lower than 50 °C will cause the enzyme activity of microorganisms to decline, and further slow down the decomposition and metabolism rate of microorganisms on organic materials. Currently, the temperature of all organic materials in the fermentation box is usually regulated uniformly. However, the raw materials of organic fertilizers may have differences in aspects such as humidity, particle size, and composition. Materials with high humidity or small particle size may have poor air permeability, and the heat generated by fermentation accumulates inside, forming a high-temperature area; while materials with low humidity and large particle size have good air permeability, and the heat dissipates quickly, with a relatively low temperature. Using the same temperature regulation may cause the originally high-temperature area to exceed the suitable fermentation temperature range, resulting in the inhibition or even death of microbial activity. The organic materials in the low-temperature area will still not reach the suitable temperature for the large-scale reproduction and efficient fermentation of microorganisms due to the limited overall temperature increase, and the microbial activity cannot be fully stimulated, with a slow fermentation speed, thus prolonging the entire fermentation cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems and provide an organic fertilizer fermentation device and a fermentation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An organic fertilizer fermentation device includes a base and a fermentation box fixedly installed at the upper end of the base, and further includes: Multiple groups of temperature guiding mechanisms, annularly distributed on the side wall of the fermentation box, for transferring the temperature in the reaction of the organic materials in the fermentation box to the outside of the fermentation box; Multiple groups of ventilation compensation mechanisms, fixedly installed between the base and the temperature guiding mechanisms, for performing ventilation and oxygen supply compensation work on the organic materials in the fermentation box; A circular path transfer mechanism, fixedly installed at the upper end of the base and arranged outside the fermentation box; The cold and heat regulation mechanism is fixedly installed at the upper end of the circular path transfer mechanism and is arranged on one side of the temperature conduction mechanism; The cold and heat trigger switching mechanism is fixedly installed on the circular path transfer mechanism and is electrically connected to the cold and heat regulation mechanism; The fermentation completion confirmation mechanism is fixedly installed on the circular path transfer mechanism and is electrically connected to the PLC controller; Multiple groups of position confirmation mechanisms are arranged between the base and the circular path transfer mechanism and are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the start and stop actions of the circular path transfer mechanism based on the signals fed back by the position confirmation mechanisms; The temperature detection mechanism is fixedly installed at the front end of the cold and heat regulation mechanism and is electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the working power of the ventilation compensation mechanism and the cold and heat regulation mechanism based on the temperature signals fed back by the temperature detection mechanism.

[0006] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the temperature conduction mechanism includes two temperature conduction cylinders fixedly inserted into the side wall of the fermentation tank up and down. One end of the two temperature conduction cylinders located outside the fermentation tank is fixedly connected with the same arc-shaped temperature conduction plate. The outer wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly installed with a heat insulation frame sleeved outside the arc-shaped temperature conduction plate. The upper end of the heat insulation frame is fixedly installed with an electric push rod, and the upper end of the moving end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a heat insulation plate blocking one side of the heat insulation frame.

[0007] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the ventilation compensation mechanism includes a wind pump fixedly installed at the upper end of the base. The air outlet of the wind pump is fixedly communicated with the two temperature conduction cylinders through an air supply pipe. A plurality of air supply heads are evenly and fixedly communicated with the cylinder wall of the temperature conduction cylinder located inside the fermentation tank, and a protective net is fixedly installed at the end of the air supply head.

[0008] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the circular path transfer mechanism includes a circular electric slide rail fixedly installed at the upper end of the base, and the upper end of the slider in the circular electric slide rail is fixedly connected with a support column.

[0009] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the cold and heat regulation mechanism includes a cold and heat shell fixedly installed at the upper end of the support column. A hair dryer is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cold and heat shell. A dispersion pipe is fixedly communicated with the front end of the cold and heat shell. A plurality of air blowing heads are fixedly communicated with the side wall of the dispersion pipe. A thermoelectric cooler is embedded in the upper end of the cold and heat shell, and a heat dissipation fan is also fixedly installed at the front side of the upper end of the cold and heat shell and is located on one side of the thermoelectric cooler.

[0010] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the cold and heat trigger switching mechanism includes a switching circular shell. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the inner wall of the switching circular shell. A rotating motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the switching circular shell. A forward electrical connection block and a reverse electrical connection block are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the switching circular shell. An arc-shaped conductive block corresponding to the positions of the forward electrical connection block and the reverse electrical connection block is fixedly connected to the shaft wall of the rotating shaft.

[0011] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the fermentation completion confirmation mechanism includes an inflation shell. A lifting piston plate is hermetically and movably arranged on the upper side inside the inflation shell. Two limiting sliding rods are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting piston plate. The lower ends of the limiting sliding rods penetrate through the lower end of the inflation shell. Two push springs sleeved outside the limiting sliding rods are fixedly installed between the lower end of the lifting piston plate and the bottom of the inner wall of the inflation shell. A prompt switch located below the lifting piston plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner wall of the inflation shell. An air vent is opened on the side wall of the lower end of the inflation shell. A micro-inflation pump is embedded in the upper end of the inflation shell. The upper end of the inflation shell is also fixedly communicated with an air discharge pipe, and an electric control opening and closing valve is installed on the air discharge pipe.

[0012] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the position confirmation mechanism includes a photoelectric switch fixedly installed on the upper end of the base. The photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the temperature guiding mechanism. A light shielding sheet corresponding to the position of the photoelectric switch is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support column.

[0013] In the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation device, the temperature detection mechanism includes a mounting bracket fixedly installed at the front end of the cold and heat shell. An infrared thermometer is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket.

[0014] An organic fertilizer fermentation method includes the following steps: S1. Drive the cold and heat regulation mechanism and the temperature detection mechanism to move to each temperature guiding mechanism on the fermentation tank through the circular path transfer mechanism to confirm the fermentation temperature of each area in the fermentation tank; S2. Confirm the position of the temperature guiding mechanism based on the position confirmation mechanism; S3. After the temperature detection mechanism confirms the detected temperature of the current area, control the fermentation temperature through the cold and heat regulation mechanism to keep it at a suitable fermentation temperature; S4. The ventilation compensation mechanism supplies air and oxygen to the inside of the fermentation tank, and automatically regulates the air supply and oxygen supplementation amount based on the fermentation temperature detected by the temperature detection mechanism; S5. The fermentation completion confirmation mechanism cooperates with the temperature detection mechanism to feedback the information that the organic fertilizer is completely fermented.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the provided heat conduction mechanism, circular path transfer mechanism, cooling and heating regulation mechanism, cooling and heating trigger switching mechanism, position confirmation mechanism, and temperature detection mechanism, it is possible to automatically regulate the fermentation temperature based on the temperature changes generated during the fermentation process of organic materials, so that the fermentation temperature is maintained at 50 - 65 °C. This avoids the situation where too high a fermentation temperature inhibits the growth of microorganisms, while too low a fermentation temperature causes the enzyme activity of microorganisms to decline, thereby slowing down the decomposition and metabolism rate of microorganisms on organic materials, ensuring the fermentation quality. Moreover, separate temperature regulation of multiple regions inside the fermentation tank is achieved, which better meets the requirements because there are differences in humidity, particle size, composition, etc. of the raw materials of organic fertilizers, resulting in uneven temperature distribution in each region of the fermentation tank. Separate temperature regulation can more accurately ensure the accuracy of temperature adjustment, thereby guaranteeing the stability during the entire organic fertilizer fermentation process and ensuring the fermentation quality and efficiency.

[0016] 2. Through the provided ventilation compensation mechanism and temperature detection mechanism, it is possible to automatically supply air and oxygen to the fermenting organic fertilizer to ensure the fermentation quality, and the air supply volume can be automatically regulated based on the fermentation temperature. The higher the fermentation temperature, the greater the air supply volume. Because during the fermentation process of organic fertilizers, as the temperature rises, the activity of aerobic microorganisms increases, and their demand for oxygen also increases significantly. One of the main functions of ventilation is to provide sufficient oxygen for microorganisms to maintain their vigorous metabolic activities. If the ventilation volume is insufficient and the oxygen supply is limited, the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms will be inhibited, thereby affecting the fermentation process and leading to a decrease in fermentation efficiency. Even the fermentation process may stagnate. It also avoids the situation where a relatively large ventilation volume is used when the fermentation temperature is low, which will accelerate the loss of fermentation heat, resulting in a further decrease in the fermentation temperature and a reduction in the activity of microorganisms.

[0017] 3. Through the provided fermentation completion confirmation mechanism, position confirmation mechanism, and temperature detection mechanism, after the organic fertilizer goes through the heating stage, high-temperature stage, and reaches the final cooling stage, when the temperature of each region inside the fermentation tank is detected to be close to the ambient temperature, it indicates that as the decomposable components in the organic materials gradually decrease, the activity and quantity of microorganisms decline, and the generated heat also decreases accordingly, while the heat dissipation process continues, and the fermentation temperature begins to gradually decrease. When the organic materials are basically decomposed, the metabolic activities of microorganisms are weak, and the fermentation temperature will drop below 40 °C and finally approach the ambient temperature. At this time, the fermentation is basically completed, and a stable organic fertilizer product is obtained. A signal is timely fed back to the staff to confirm the completion of fermentation, enabling the staff to quickly handle it, facilitating the subsequent continuous fermentation of organic fertilizers, and improving the continuity of fermentation work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front sectional structure schematic diagram of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structure schematic diagram of a temperature guiding mechanism and a ventilation compensation mechanism of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of a cold and heat regulation mechanism of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of a cold and heat trigger switching mechanism of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of a fermentation completion confirmation mechanism of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structure schematic diagram of a position confirmation mechanism of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a temperature detection mechanism of an organic fertilizer fermentation device provided by the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1 base, 2 temperature guiding mechanism, 21 temperature guiding cylinder, 22 arc-shaped temperature guiding plate, 23 heat insulation frame, 24 electric push rod, 25 heat insulation plate, 3 ventilation compensation mechanism, 31 air pump, 32 air supply pipe, 33 air supply head, 4 circular path transfer mechanism, 41 circular electric slide rail, 42 support column, 5 cold and heat regulation mechanism, 51 cold and heat shell, 52 hair dryer, 53 dispersion pipe, 54 hair dryer head, 55 thermoelectric cooler, 56 heat dissipation fan, 6 cold and heat trigger switching mechanism, 61 switching circular shell, 62 rotating shaft, 63 rotating motor, 64 forward electrical connection block, 65 reverse electrical connection block, 66 arc-shaped conductive block, 7 fermentation completion confirmation mechanism, 71 inflation shell, 72 lifting piston plate, 73 limiting slide rod, 74 pushing spring, 75 prompt switch, 76 ventilation port, 77 micro-inflation pump, 78 air discharge pipe, 79 electric control opening and closing valve, 8 position confirmation mechanism, 81 photoelectric switch, 82 light shielding sheet, 9 temperature detection mechanism, 91 installation bracket, 92 infrared thermometer, 10 fermentation box. Specific embodiments

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] As Figures 1-8 shown, an organic fertilizer fermentation device includes a base 1 and a fermentation box 10 fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 1, and further includes: Multiple temperature conduction mechanisms 2 are annularly distributed and installed on the side wall of the fermentation tank 10 for transferring the temperature in the reaction of the organic materials in the fermentation tank 10 to the outside of the fermentation tank 10. The temperature conduction mechanism 2 includes two temperature conduction cylinders 21 that are fixedly inserted up and down into the side wall of the fermentation tank 10. One end of the two temperature conduction cylinders 21 outside the fermentation tank 10 is fixedly connected to the same arc-shaped temperature conduction plate 22. A heat insulation frame 23 sleeved outside the arc-shaped temperature conduction plate 22 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank 10. An electric push rod 24 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the heat insulation frame 23. The upper end of the moving end of the electric push rod 24 is fixedly connected to a heat insulation plate 25 that blocks one side of the heat insulation frame 23.

[0022] Multiple ventilation compensation mechanisms 3 are fixedly installed between the base 1 and the temperature conduction mechanism 2 for performing ventilation and oxygen supply compensation work on the organic materials in the fermentation tank 10. The ventilation compensation mechanism 3 includes a wind pump 31 fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 1. The air outlet of the wind pump 31 is fixedly communicated with the two temperature conduction cylinders 21 through an air supply pipe 32. A plurality of air supply nozzles 33 are uniformly and fixedly communicated with the cylinder wall of the temperature conduction cylinder 21 inside the fermentation tank 10. A protective net is fixedly installed at the end of the air supply nozzle 33.

[0023] The circular path transfer mechanism 4 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 1 and is arranged outside the fermentation tank 10. The circular path transfer mechanism 4 includes a circular electric slide rail 41 fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 1. The upper end of the slider in the circular electric slide rail 41 is fixedly connected to a support column 42.

[0024] The cold and heat regulation mechanism 5 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the circular path transfer mechanism 4 and is arranged on one side of the temperature conduction mechanism 2. The cold and heat regulation mechanism 5 includes a cold and heat shell 51 fixedly installed at the upper end of the support column 42. A hair dryer 52 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cold and heat shell 51. A dispersion pipe 53 is fixedly communicated with the front end of the cold and heat shell 51. A plurality of air blowing nozzles 54 are fixedly communicated with the side wall of the dispersion pipe 53. A thermoelectric cooler 55 is embedded in the upper end of the cold and heat shell 51. A heat dissipation fan 56 located on one side of the thermoelectric cooler 55 is also fixedly installed at the front side of the upper end of the cold and heat shell 51.

[0025] The cold and heat trigger switching mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the circular path transfer mechanism 4 and is electrically connected to the cold and heat regulation mechanism 5. The cold and heat trigger switching mechanism 6 includes a switching circular shell 61. A rotating shaft 62 is rotatably connected to the center of the inner wall of the switching circular shell 61. A rotating motor 63 for driving the rotating shaft 62 to rotate self is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the switching circular shell 61. A forward electrical connection block 64 and a reverse electrical connection block 65 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the switching circular shell 61. An arc-shaped conductive block 66 corresponding to the positions of the forward electrical connection block 64 and the reverse electrical connection block 65 is fixedly connected to the shaft wall of the rotating shaft 62.

[0026] The fermentation completion confirmation mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the circular path transfer mechanism 4 and electrically connected to the PLC controller. The fermentation completion confirmation mechanism 7 includes an inflation shell 71. An elevating piston plate 72 is hermetically and movably arranged on the upper side inside the inflation shell 71. Two limiting slide rods 73 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the elevating piston plate 72. The lower ends of the limiting slide rods 73 penetrate through the lower end of the inflation shell 71. Two pushing springs 74 sleeved on the limiting slide rods 73 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the elevating piston plate 72 and the bottom of the inner wall of the inflation shell 71. A prompting switch 75 located below the elevating piston plate 72 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the inflation shell 71. An air vent 76 is formed in the side wall at the lower end of the inflation shell 71. A micro-inflation pump 77 is embedded at the upper end of the inflation shell 71. An air discharge pipe 78 is also fixedly communicated with the upper end of the inflation shell 71. An electrically controlled opening and closing valve 79 is installed on the air discharge pipe 78.

[0027] Multiple groups of position confirmation mechanisms 8 are installed between the base 1 and the circular path transfer mechanism 4 and electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the start and stop actions of the circular path transfer mechanism 4 based on the signals fed back by the position confirmation mechanisms 8. The position confirmation mechanism 8 includes a photoelectric switch 81 fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 1. The photoelectric switch 81 is arranged on one side of the temperature guiding mechanism 2. A light shielding sheet 82 corresponding to the position of the photoelectric switch 81 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support column 42.

[0028] The temperature detection mechanism 9 is fixedly installed at the front end of the cooling and heating regulation mechanism 5 and electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the working power of the ventilation compensation mechanism 3 and the cooling and heating regulation mechanism 5 based on the temperature signals fed back by the temperature detection mechanism 9. The temperature detection mechanism 9 includes an installation bracket 91 fixedly installed at the front end of the cooling and heating shell 51. An infrared thermometer 92 is fixedly installed on the installation bracket 91.

[0029] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: Pour the organic materials into the fermentation tank 10 for fermentation. The temperature guiding cylinder 21 transfers the heat generated by the fermentation of the organic materials to the arc-shaped temperature guiding plate 22. The PLC controller controls the circular electric slide rail 41 to drive the support column 42 to drive the cooling and heating regulation mechanism 5 to move around the outside of the fermentation tank 10. Whenever the light-shielding piece 82 on the side wall of the support column 42 blocks one of the photoelectric switches 81, the photoelectric switch 81 will change its signal due to the blocked light beam. As a result, the photoelectric switch 81 feeds back the signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller first controls the circular electric slide rail 41 to stop working, so that the cooling and heating regulation mechanism 5 and the temperature detection mechanism 9 are aligned with the temperature guiding mechanism 2 corresponding to the current photoelectric switch 81. The PLC controller first controls the electric push rod 24 to push the heat insulation plate 25 upward, so that the heat insulation plate 25 is separated from the heat insulation frame 23, and then the arc-shaped temperature guiding plate 22 is exposed. The PLC controller then controls the infrared thermometer 92 to work. The infrared thermometer 92 detects the temperature on the arc-shaped temperature guiding plate 22, and then confirms the fermentation temperature of the organic fertilizer in the fermentation tank 10 corresponding to the current temperature guiding mechanism 2. When the detected fermentation temperature in the current area is lower than 50 °C, the PLC controller controls the rotation motor 63 to work. The rotation motor 63 drives the rotating shaft 62 to drive the arc-shaped conductive block 66 to contact the positive electrical connection block 64, connecting the positive power supply circuit of the thermoelectric cooler 55 (the thermoelectric cooler 55 utilizes the Peltier effect. The thermoelectric cooler 55 is composed of several pairs of semiconductor thermocouples connected in series in the circuit. Each pair of thermocouples is composed of a P-type semiconductor element and an N-type semiconductor element connected together. The carriers in the P element are holes, and the carriers in the N element are free electrons. When a DC power supply is connected, a temperature difference and heat transfer will occur at the joints. At the joint where the current direction is P→N, the temperature rises and heat is released, forming the hot end;At the joint where the current direction is N→P, the temperature drops and heat is absorbed, forming a cold end. If the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply connected to the semiconductor cooler are exchanged, the heat absorption and release relationship between the upper and lower parts will also change accordingly, thus realizing the switching between heating and cooling modes. At this time, one side of the thermoelectric cooler 55 located inside the hot and cold shell 51 is the hot end. The PLC controller then controls the blower 52 to work. The blower 52 conveys air into the hot and cold shell 51. After being heated by the thermoelectric cooler 55, it is blown onto the straight-arc heat conduction plate 22 through the dispersion pipe 53 and the blowing head 54 to raise the temperature of the arc heat conduction plate 22, and then is transmitted to the fermentation box 10 through the heat conduction cylinder 21, so that the fermentation temperature of the organic fertilizer in the corresponding area is increased. By actively increasing the temperature, the growth and reproduction speed of microorganisms can be accelerated, enabling the microorganisms to enter the logarithmic growth phase faster, thereby accelerating the fermentation process. On the contrary, when the detected temperature of the arc heat conduction plate 22 exceeds 65°C, the PLC controller controls the rotary motor 63 to drive the arc-shaped conductive block 66 to contact the reverse electrical connection block 65, connecting the reverse power supply circuit of the thermoelectric cooler 55. At this time, the positions of the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 55 will be interchanged, so that the side of the thermoelectric cooler 55 located inside the hot and cold shell 51 becomes the cold end. The air blown by the blower 52 is cooled and then transmitted to the arc heat conduction plate 22 to cool the organic fertilizer in the corresponding area in the fermentation box 10, preventing the growth of microorganisms due to excessive fermentation temperature and ensuring the fermentation quality and efficiency. Moreover, the PLC controller adjusts the power supply amount of the power supply device to the thermoelectric cooler 55 based on the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the infrared thermometer 92 of the arc heat conduction plate 22 and the preset temperatures of 50°C and 65°C. The larger the temperature difference, the larger the power supply amount, making the refrigeration and heating power of the thermoelectric cooler 55 larger, ensuring the rapid adjustment of the fermentation temperature. The entire temperature control process is maintained within 180s. When the thermoelectric cooler 55 is working, the PLC controller controls the cooling fan 56 to work synchronously, blowing air on one end of the thermoelectric cooler 55 located outside the hot and cold shell 51 to exchange heat with the air, avoiding the problem that the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric cooler 55 is affected, thereby affecting the refrigeration or heating effect of the thermoelectric cooler 55; After completing the temperature control of one of the heat conduction mechanisms 2, the PLC controller drives the circular path transfer mechanism 4 again to transfer the hot and cold regulation mechanism 5 and the temperature detection mechanism 9 to the next heat conduction mechanism 2, and cooperates with the position confirmation mechanism 8 to confirm the transfer position of the circular path mechanism again; It can realize the temperature control work of multiple heat conduction mechanisms 2, and then realize the separate regulation of the fermentation temperatures of multiple areas of organic fertilizers in the fermentation box 10. Furthermore, it can better meet the differences in humidity, particle size, composition, etc. of the raw materials of organic fertilizers, which may lead to uneven temperature distribution in each area of the fermentation box 10. Separate temperature regulation can more accurately ensure the accuracy of temperature adjustment, and then ensure the stability of the entire organic fertilizer fermentation process and ensure the fermentation quality and efficiency; The air pump 31 cooperates with the air supply pipe 32 to convey control into the temperature guiding cylinder 21, and then is conveyed to the organic fertilizer through a plurality of air supply nozzles 33 to ventilate and supply oxygen to the organic fertilizer. When the infrared thermometer 92 detects that the fermentation temperature in the corresponding area is high, the PLC controller controls the working power of the air pump 31 to increase, so as to increase the ventilation and oxygen supply. Because during the fermentation process of organic fertilizer, as the temperature rises, the activity of aerobic microorganisms increases, and their demand for oxygen also increases significantly. One of the main functions of ventilation is to provide sufficient oxygen for microorganisms to maintain their vigorous metabolic activities. If the ventilation volume is insufficient and the oxygen supply is limited, the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms will be inhibited, thus affecting the fermentation process, resulting in a decrease in fermentation efficiency, and even possibly causing the fermentation process to stagnate. It also avoids the rapid dissipation of fermentation heat when a relatively large ventilation volume is used at a low fermentation temperature, resulting in a further decrease in the fermentation temperature and a reduction in the activity of microorganisms; When the infrared thermometer 92 detects that the temperature of the temperature guiding mechanism 2 has experienced a temperature rising stage and a high temperature stage, when the infrared thermometer 92 detects that the temperature of the arc-shaped temperature guiding plate 22 is within 5°C of the ambient temperature during the latter stage of fermentation, the PLC controller controls the micro air pump 77 to work for 5 s. The micro air pump 77 supplies a fixed amount of gas into the inflation shell 71, so that the lifting piston plate 72 moves downward a fixed distance in the inflation shell 71. When the infrared thermometer 92 detects that the temperature of the next temperature guiding mechanism 2 exceeds 5°C of the ambient temperature, it means that the fermentation of the organic fertilizer in the current area is not complete. At this time, the PLC controller controls the electric control opening and closing valve 79 on the air discharge pipe 78 to open, so that all the air filled in the inflation shell 71 is discharged, and under the action of the pushing spring 74, the lifting piston plate 72 is reset to the initial position until the infrared thermometer 92 detects that the temperature values of all the temperature guiding mechanisms 2 are within 5°C of the ambient temperature, which means that the fermentation of the organic fertilizer in all areas of the fermentation box 10 is completed. At this time, the downward movement distance of the lifting piston plate 72 can press on the prompt switch 75, and the PLC controller sends a wireless signal to the wireless receiving terminal of the staff to remind the staff to confirm the completion of the fermentation work in time and perform subsequent processing work in time.

[0030] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer fermentation device, comprising a base (1) and a fermentation tank (10) fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (1), characterized in that, Further comprising: Multiple groups of heat conduction mechanisms (2), which are annularly distributed and installed on the side wall of the fermentation tank (10) for transferring the temperature in the reaction of the organic materials in the fermentation tank (10) to the outside of the fermentation tank (10); Multiple groups of ventilation compensation mechanisms (3), which are fixedly installed between the base (1) and the heat conduction mechanism (2) for performing ventilation and oxygen supply compensation work on the organic materials in the fermentation tank (10); A circular path transfer mechanism (4), which is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (1) and is arranged outside the fermentation tank (10); A cold and heat regulation mechanism (5), which is fixedly installed at the upper end of the circular path transfer mechanism (4) and is arranged on one side of the heat conduction mechanism (2); A cold and heat trigger switching mechanism (6), which is fixedly installed on the circular path transfer mechanism (4) and is electrically connected to the cold and heat regulation mechanism (5); A fermentation completion confirmation mechanism (7), which is fixedly installed on the circular path transfer mechanism (4) and is electrically connected to the PLC controller; Multiple groups of position confirmation mechanisms (8), which are installed between the base (1) and the circular path transfer mechanism (4) and are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the start and stop actions of the circular path transfer mechanism (4) based on the signals fed back by the position confirmation mechanism (8); A temperature detection mechanism (9), which is fixedly installed at the front end of the cold and heat regulation mechanism (5) and is electrically connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the working power of the ventilation compensation mechanism (3) and the cold and heat regulation mechanism (5) based on the temperature signals fed back by the temperature detection mechanism (9).

2. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat conduction mechanism (2) includes two heat conduction cylinders (21) fixedly inserted into the side wall of the fermentation tank (10) up and down. One end of the two heat conduction cylinders (21) outside the fermentation tank (10) is fixedly connected to the same arc-shaped heat conduction plate (22). An insulating frame (23) sleeved outside the arc-shaped heat conduction plate (22) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank (10). An electric push rod (24) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the insulating frame (23). The upper end of the electric push rod (24) is fixedly connected to an insulating plate (25) blocking one side of the insulating frame (23).

3. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ventilation compensation mechanism (3) includes a wind pump (31) fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (1). The air outlet of the wind pump (31) is fixedly communicated with the two heat conduction cylinders (21) through an air supply pipe (32). A plurality of air supply nozzles (33) are uniformly and fixedly communicated with the cylinder wall of the heat conduction cylinder (21) inside the fermentation tank (10). A protective net is fixedly installed at the end of the air supply nozzle (33).

4. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circular path transfer mechanism (4) includes a circular electric slide rail (41) fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (1). The upper end of the slider in the circular electric slide rail (41) is fixedly connected to a support column (42).

5. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hot and cold regulation mechanism (5) includes a hot and cold shell (51) fixedly installed at the upper end of the support column (42). A hair dryer (52) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hot and cold shell (51). The front end of the hot and cold shell (51) is fixedly communicated with a dispersion pipe (53). A plurality of blowing heads (54) are fixedly communicated with the side wall of the dispersion pipe (53). A thermoelectric cooler (55) is embedded in the upper end of the hot and cold shell (51). A heat dissipation fan (56) is also fixedly installed on the front side of the upper end of the hot and cold shell (51) and is located on one side of the thermoelectric cooler (55).

6. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hot and cold trigger switching mechanism (6) includes a switching circular shell (61). A rotating shaft (62) is rotatably connected to the center of the inner wall of the switching circular shell (61). A rotating motor (63) for driving the rotating shaft (62) to rotate self is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the switching circular shell (61). A forward electrical connection block (64) and a reverse electrical connection block (65) are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the switching circular shell (61). An arc-shaped conductive block (66) corresponding to the positions of the forward electrical connection block (64) and the reverse electrical connection block (65) is fixedly connected to the shaft wall of the rotating shaft (62).

7. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fermentation completion confirmation mechanism (7) includes an inflation shell (71). A lifting piston plate (72) is hermetically and movably arranged on the upper side inside the inflation shell (71). Two limiting sliding rods (73) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting piston plate (72). The lower ends of the limiting sliding rods (73) penetrate through the lower end of the inflation shell (71). Two pushing springs (74) sleeved on the limiting sliding rods (73) are fixedly installed between the lower end of the lifting piston plate (72) and the bottom of the inner wall of the inflation shell (71). A prompt switch (75) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner wall of the inflation shell (71) and is located below the lifting piston plate (72). An air vent (76) is opened on the side wall of the lower end of the inflation shell (71). A micro-inflation pump (77) is embedded in the upper end of the inflation shell (71). The upper end of the inflation shell (71) is also fixedly communicated with an air discharge pipe (78). An electric control opening and closing valve (79) is installed on the air discharge pipe (78).

8. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The position confirmation mechanism (8) includes a photoelectric switch (81) fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (1). The photoelectric switch (81) is arranged on one side of the temperature guiding mechanism (2). A light shielding sheet (82) corresponding to the position of the photoelectric switch (81) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support column (42).

9. An organic fertilizer fermentation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature detection mechanism (9) includes a mounting bracket (91) fixedly installed at the front end of the hot and cold shell (51). An infrared thermometer (92) is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket (91).

10. A method for fermenting organic fertilizer, which uses the organic fertilizer fermentation device as described in claim 9, is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Drive the hot and cold regulation mechanism (5) and the temperature detection mechanism (9) to move to each temperature guiding mechanism (2) on the fermentation box (10) through the circular path transfer mechanism (4) to confirm the fermentation temperature in each area of the fermentation box (10). S2. Confirm the position of the temperature guiding mechanism (2) based on the position confirmation mechanism (8). S3. After the temperature detection mechanism (9) confirms the detected temperature in the current area, the fermentation temperature is controlled by the cooling and heating control mechanism (5) to keep it at an appropriate fermentation temperature; S4. The ventilation compensation mechanism (3) supplies air and oxygen to the fermentation tank (10), and automatically adjusts the air supply and oxygen supplementation amount based on the fermentation temperature detected by the temperature detection mechanism (9); S5. The fermentation completion confirmation mechanism (7) cooperates with the temperature detection mechanism (9) to feedback the information that the organic fertilizer is completely fermented.

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