Horizontal directional drilling reamer bit under complex geological conditions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal directional drilling, in particular to a horizontal directional drilling reamer bit under complex geological conditions, which comprises a rod piece and a plurality of roller bits, the roller bits are fixedly arranged at one end of the rod piece, and the included angle between the rotation axis of each roller bit and the rod piece is an acute angle; the other end of the supporting rod is hinged to the rod piece through a hinged support, and the axis of a rotating shaft of the hinged support is parallel to the axial direction of the rod piece; a rotatable movable ring is coaxially arranged on the rod piece in a sleeving manner; a sliding sleeve is arranged on the supporting rod in a sliding mode, the sliding sleeve is rotationally connected with the movable ring through a fixing shaft, and the axial direction of the fixing shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the rod piece. The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the supporting rod through a limiting column. The purpose that the reaming diameter can be changed without replacing the reaming bit can be achieved, and the actual reaming efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of horizontal directional drilling, and specifically to a reaming bit for horizontal directional drilling under complex geological conditions. Background Art

[0002] A horizontal directional drill is a construction machine for laying various underground public facilities (pipelines, cables, etc.) without excavating the ground surface. It is widely used in the construction of flexible pipelines such as water supply, electricity, telecommunications, natural gas, coal gas, and petroleum. The horizontal directional drilling technology is a new construction technology that combines the directional drilling technology in the petroleum industry with the traditional pipeline construction method. It has the characteristics of fast construction speed, low construction accuracy, and low cost. This kind of equipment is generally applicable to steel pipes and PE pipes with a pipe diameter of φ300~φ1200mm, and the maximum pipe laying length can reach 1500m. It is suitable for various soil conditions from soft soil to hard rock, and has broad application prospects.

[0003] During construction, a horizontal directional drill generally needs to perform reaming operations on the drilled holes. For large-diameter pipelines, the reaming operations generally need to be carried out multiple times. Each reaming operation requires the replacement of reaming bits with different diameters. However, the replacement of reaming bits is difficult and time-consuming, which is not conducive to improving the actual reaming efficiency. Moreover, for the roller reaming bits required for some complex geological conditions, the replacement is even more difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reaming bit for horizontal directional drilling under complex geological conditions to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A reaming bit for horizontal directional drilling under complex geological conditions, including a rod and a plurality of roller bits. The roller bits are fixedly arranged at one end of a support rod, and the included angle between the rotation axis of the roller bit and the rod is an acute angle; The other end of the support rod is hinged to the rod through a hinge seat, wherein the axis of the rotation shaft of the hinge seat is parallel to the axial direction of the rod; A rotatable movable ring is coaxially sleeved on the rod; A sliding sleeve is slidably arranged on the support rod. The sliding sleeve is rotationally connected to the movable ring through a fixed shaft, and the axial direction of the fixed shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the rod; The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the support rod through a limit post.

[0006] Preferably, a second limit hole is provided on the front end face of the sliding sleeve; A plurality of first limit holes are provided on the front end face of the support rod; The limiting post passes through the second limiting hole and then inserts into the interior of the first limiting hole.

[0007] Preferably, a first groove is formed on the inner side wall of the first limiting hole, a strip-shaped hole penetrating through the upper and lower side surfaces is formed on the support rod, and the first limiting hole communicates with the strip-shaped hole; A second groove is formed on the inner side wall of the second limiting hole; A clamping protrusion is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting post.

[0008] Preferably, a through groove is formed on the limiting post, a cross bar is slidably arranged inside the through groove, and the cross bar abuts against one end of the through groove close to the clamping protrusion through an elastic member; A third groove matching the cross bar is formed on the front end face of the sliding sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a blind hole is formed on the inner wall of the strip-shaped hole on the other side relative to the first limiting hole, and the end of the limiting post is inserted into the blind hole.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic member includes a guide rod and a spring sleeved on the guide rod; One end of the guide rod slides into the through groove along the axis of the limiting post and is fixedly connected to the cross bar; The spring is arranged inside the through groove.

[0011] Preferably, the rear end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, a fixed block is rotatably connected between the fixed shaft and the movable ring, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the fixed block, and the arc-shaped groove is sleeved on the movable ring.

[0012] Preferably, at least two support columns are fixedly connected to one side surface of the fixed block close to the rod member, a ball head is fixed at the end of the support column, and the axis of the support column intersects with the axial direction of the rod member.

[0013] Preferably, a first magnet block is embedded and installed on the side surface of the support column; A second magnet block is embedded and installed on the alignment block fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rod member.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the provided support rods, sliding sleeves, and limit posts, the staff can adjust the reaming diameter of the reaming bit according to actual needs, achieving the purpose of changing the reaming diameter without replacing the reaming bit, thereby improving the actual reaming efficiency. Further, through the provided movable ring, rotating the movable ring can synchronously adjust the inclination angles of multiple support rods, simplifying the operation steps when changing the diameter of the reaming bit and improving the efficiency of diameter change. Moreover, since changing the diameter of the reaming bit also changes the inclination angle and inclination direction of the roller bit, the service life of the roller bit can be effectively extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 and 3 are front view structure schematic diagrams of the present invention in two states; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller bit, support rod, hinge seat, and sliding sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 is of the present invention Figure 5 sectional perspective structure schematic diagram; Figure 7 is of the present invention Figure 6 top view structure schematic diagram; Figure 8 is a front view structure schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve of the present invention; Figure 9 is a front view structure schematic diagram of the support rod of the present invention; Figure 10 is a front view structure schematic diagram of the limit post of the present invention; Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the limit post of the present invention; Figure 12 is a structure schematic diagram of the support column of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Rod; 2. Roller bit; 3. Support rod; 301. First limiting hole; 302. First groove; 303. Blind hole; 304. Strip hole; 4. Hinge seat; 5. Sliding sleeve; 501. Second limiting hole; 502. Second groove; 503. Third groove; 6. Movable ring; 7. Fixed block; 701. Arc groove; 8. First rotation track; 9. First extrusion point; 10. Second rotation track; 11. Second extrusion point; 12. Limiting column; 1201. Through slot; 13. Clamping protrusion; 14. Cross bar; 15. Guide rod; 16. Spring; 17. Fixed shaft; 18. Support column; 19. Ball head; 20. First magnet block; 21. Alignment block; 22. Second magnet block. Detailed implementation mode

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0019] It should be noted that unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meanings understood by those with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before this word cover the elements or objects listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative position relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0020] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1 - 12 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions includes a rod 1 and a plurality of roller bits 2. The rod 1 is the drill pipe of the horizontal directional drill, which is used to drive the roller bit 2 to rotate together during the reaming process. The above are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0021] Different from the prior art, the roller bit 2 in this technical solution is fixedly arranged at one end of the support rod 3. Specifically, each roller bit 2 corresponds to a support rod 3. The specific number of roller bits 2 and support rods 3 is not limited here. Exemplarily, as shown in the figure, six roller bits 2 and six support rods 3 are provided in this embodiment, and the six support rods 3 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the rod 1.

[0022] The included angle between the rotation axis of the roller bit 2 and the rod 1 is an acute angle. Specifically, the installation angle of the roller bit 2 can be the same as that in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here. The roller bit 2 can revolve around the axis of the rod 1 and also rotate around its own axis to achieve the reaming operation.

[0023] The other end of the support rod 3 is hinged to the rod 1 through a hinge seat 4. Among them, the axis of the rotation shaft of the hinge seat 4 is parallel to the axial direction of the rod 1, enabling the support rod 3 to rotate around the axis of the rotation shaft of the hinge seat 4, thereby changing the distance between the roller bit 2 and the axis of the rod 1, that is, changing the rotation radius of the roller bit 2 to achieve the purpose of changing the reaming diameter.

[0024] A rotatable movable ring 6 is coaxially sleeved on the rod 1. A sliding sleeve 5 is slidably arranged on the support rod 3. The sliding sleeve 5 is rotatably connected to the movable ring 6 through a fixed shaft 17. The axial direction of the fixed shaft 17 is parallel to the axial direction of the rod 1. By rotating the movable ring 6, the position of the sliding sleeve 5 can be changed, and then the inclination angle of the support rod 3 can be changed to achieve the purpose of changing the diameter of the reaming bit. The advantage of the above solution is that the inclination angles of multiple support rods 3 can be synchronously adjusted by rotating the movable ring 6, simplifying the operation steps of diameter change and improving the efficiency of diameter change.

[0025] The sliding sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the support rod 3 through a limit post 12. Specifically, when the limit post 12 is inserted into the sliding sleeve 5 and the support rod 3, the sliding sleeve 5 cannot slide on the support rod 3, thereby limiting the position of the roller bit 2 to ensure its position remains unchanged during the reaming process. When the limit post 12 is pulled out, the sliding sleeve 5 can slide on the support rod 3, facilitating the staff to adjust the diameter of the entire drill bit.

[0026] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the schematic diagrams of the reaming bit in the same diameter but different states in the present technical solution. As Figure 2 shown, the diameter of the entire reaming bit is in this state after the movable ring 6 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle. Figure 3 That is, the diameter of the entire reaming bit is in this state after the movable ring 6 rotates clockwise by a certain angle. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diameters of the reaming bits in are the same, but the stress points of each roller bit 2 are different during actual application, as follows: As Figure 2 shown, the first rotation trajectory 8 is the rotation trajectory of the roller bit 2 in the Figure 2 state, and the first extrusion point 9 is the extrusion point position a of each roller bit 2 with the inner wall of the hole; As Figure 3 shown, the second rotation trajectory 10 is Figure 3The rotation trajectory of the roller bit 2 in the [state], where the second extrusion point 11 is the extrusion point position b of each roller bit 2 and the inner wall of the hole. It can be clearly seen from the figure that for each roller bit 2 ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 the inclination directions of the roller bits 2 in the [state] are different), the positions of the extrusion point a and the extrusion point position b on the roller bit 2 are different; during the actual reaming operation, the reaming bit can be adjusted to be in the state of Figure 2 or in the state of Figure 3 to change the extrusion points of each roller bit 2 and the inner wall of the hole. When the extrusion point is the above-mentioned extrusion point position a, the extrusion point position a will bear the maximum extrusion force, and at this time, the sealing material corresponding to the extrusion point position a is extruded; similarly, when the extrusion point is the above-mentioned extrusion point position b, the sealing material corresponding to the extrusion point position b is extruded; the above-mentioned sealing material refers to the sealing material inside the roller bit 2. Specifically, the roller bit 2 mainly includes a central shaft, bearings, a drill bit main body part, and a sealing material. The drill bit main body part is rotationally connected to the central shaft through bearings, and the sealing material is used to prevent external mud, etc. from entering between the drill bit main body part and the central shaft. For the roller bits 2 in the prior art, the extrusion point position of each roller bit 2 is fixed, and the sealing material corresponding to the extrusion point position will be extruded for a long time, resulting in the position of the sealing material corresponding to the extrusion point position being easily fatigued and damaged, losing the sealing performance; however, in the present technical solution, the overall state of the reaming bit can be changed (changed to the state shown in Figure 2 or the state shown in Figure 3 ) to change the force application points of the sealing material (when the reaming bit is in different diameter states, the force application points of each roller bit 2 are different, and for the same reaming diameter requirement, the sealing material also has two force application points for replacement), so that the force application points of the sealing material have sufficient recovery time, prolong the service life of the sealing material, and ensure that the roller bit 2 can be used normally for a long time.

[0027] In the above solution, by setting the support rod 3, the sliding sleeve 5, and the limit post 12, the staff can adjust the reaming diameter of the reaming bit according to actual needs, achieving the purpose of changing the reaming diameter without replacing the reaming bit, and improving the actual reaming efficiency; further, by setting the movable ring 6, rotating the movable ring 6 can synchronously adjust the inclination angles of multiple support rods 3, simplifying the operation steps when the reaming bit changes diameter and improving the diameter-changing efficiency; moreover, since changing the diameter of the reaming bit also changes the inclination angle and inclination direction of the roller bit 2, the service life of the roller bit 2 can be effectively prolonged.

[0028] The front end face of the sliding sleeve 5 is provided with a second limiting hole 501. The second limiting hole 501 is a circular hole, and a second groove 502 is provided on the inner side wall of the second limiting hole 501; the front end face of the support rod 3 is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes 301. The first limiting holes 301 are circular holes, and a first groove 302 is provided on the inner side wall of the first limiting hole 301; a clamping protrusion 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting column 12; moreover, a strip-shaped hole 304 penetrating through the upper and lower side faces is provided on the support rod 3, and the first limiting hole 301 communicates with the strip-shaped hole 304. During actual installation, the limiting column 12 is aligned with the first limiting hole 301, and the clamping protrusion 13 is aligned with the first groove 302. Then, the limiting column 12 is inserted into the first limiting hole 301 and passes through the second limiting hole 501 until the clamping protrusion 13 completely enters the strip-shaped hole 304. Then, the limiting column 12 is rotated by about 90°, so that the position of the limiting column 12 can be limited by the clamping protrusion 13 and the strip-shaped hole 304, preventing the limiting column 12 from falling off from the inside of the first limiting hole 301 due to the complex underground environment during reaming, and improving the use stability of the entire reaming bit under complex geological conditions.

[0029] To prevent the limiting column 12 from twisting under complex geological conditions, in this technical solution, a through groove 1201 is provided on the limiting column 12. A cross bar 14 is slidably arranged inside the through groove 1201. The cross bar 14 abuts against one end of the through groove 1201 close to the clamping protrusion 13 through an elastic member. The axial direction of the cross bar 14 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the clamping protrusion 13; the elastic member includes a guide rod 15 and a spring 16 sleeved on the guide rod 15; one end of the guide rod 15 slides into the through groove 1201 along the axis of the limiting column 12 and is fixedly connected to the cross bar 14; the spring 16 is arranged inside the through groove 1201; a third groove 503 matching the cross bar 14 is provided on the front end face of the sliding sleeve 5. Its basic working principle is: after the limiting column 12 is rotated by 90°, the cross bar 14 will be clamped into the third groove 503 under the elastic force of the spring 16. At this time, the clamping effect of the third groove 503 on the cross bar 14 can effectively prevent the limiting column 12 from self-twisting under complex geological conditions, ensuring that the relative positions of the support rod 3 and the sliding sleeve 5 will not change during the reaming operation stage.

[0030] A blind hole 303 is provided on the inner wall of the strip-shaped hole 304 on the side opposite to the first limiting hole 301. The end of the limiting column 12 is inserted into the blind hole 303. When the limiting column 12 is inserted into the blind hole 303, the acting force of the sliding sleeve 5 on the limiting column 12 can be directly transmitted to the entire support rod 3 through the limiting column 12.

[0031] The specific connection method between the sliding sleeve 5 and the movable ring 6 is as follows: The rear end of the sliding sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 17. There is a fixed block 7 rotatably connected between the fixed shaft 17 and the movable ring 6. An arc-shaped groove 701 is formed in the fixed block 7, and the arc-shaped groove 701 is sleeved on the movable ring 6.

[0032] On the side surface of the fixed block 7 close to the rod member 1, at least two support columns 18 are fixedly connected. A ball head 19 is fixed at the end of the support column 18. The axis of the support column 18 intersects with the axial direction of the rod member 1. The contact between the fixed block 7 and the rod member 1 is realized by using the ball head 19, which can not only reduce the friction between the two, but also ensure the coaxiality between the movable ring 6 and the rod member 1.

[0033] A first magnet block 20 is embedded and installed on the side surface of the support column 18; a positioning block 21 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rod member 1, and a second magnet block 22 is embedded and installed on the positioning block 21. When the first magnet block 20 and the second magnet block 22 are aligned, a mutual attraction force will be generated. This mutual attraction force can limit the relative position between the movable ring 6 and the rod member 1 (or the rotation angle between the movable ring 6 and the rod member 1) when adjusting the diameter of the reaming bit, providing a basis for the limiting column 12 to accurately insert into the first limiting hole 301.

[0034] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions, comprising a rod member (1) and a plurality of roller bits (2), characterized in that, The roller bit (2) is fixedly arranged at one end of the support rod (3), and the included angle between the rotation axis of the roller bit (2) and the rod member (1) is an acute angle; The other end of the support rod (3) is hinged to the rod member (1) through a hinge seat (4), wherein the axis of the rotation axis of the hinge seat (4) is parallel to the axial direction of the rod member (1); A rotatable movable ring (6) is coaxially sleeved on the rod member (1); A sliding sleeve (5) is slidably arranged on the support rod (3), and the sliding sleeve (5) is rotationally connected to the movable ring (6) through a fixed shaft (17), and the axial direction of the fixed shaft (17) is parallel to the axial direction of the rod member (1); The sliding sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the support rod (3) through a limiting column (12).

2. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that A second limiting hole (501) is formed in the front end face of the sliding sleeve (5); A plurality of first limiting holes (301) are formed in the front end face of the support rod (3); The limiting column (12) passes through the second limiting hole (501) and then inserts into the interior of the first limiting hole (301).

3. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 2, wherein A first groove (302) is formed in the inner side wall of the first limiting hole (301), a strip-shaped hole (304) penetrating through the upper and lower side faces is formed in the support rod (3), and the first limiting hole (301) is communicated with the strip-shaped hole (304); A second groove (502) is formed in the inner side wall of the second limiting hole (501); A clamping protrusion (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the limiting column (12).

4. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, A through groove (1201) is formed in the limiting column (12), and a cross bar (14) is slidably arranged in the through groove (1201), and the cross bar (14) abuts against one end of the through groove (1201) close to the clamping protrusion (13) through an elastic member; A third groove (503) matching the cross bar (14) is formed in the front end face of the sliding sleeve (5).

5. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, A blind hole (303) is formed in the inner wall of the strip-shaped hole (304) on the other side opposite to the first limiting hole (301), and the end of the limiting column (12) is inserted into the interior of the blind hole (303).

6. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic member includes a guide rod (15) and a spring (16) sleeved on the guide rod (15); One end of the guide rod (15) slides into the interior of the through groove (1201) along the axis of the limiting column (12) and is fixedly connected to the cross bar (14); The spring (16) is arranged in the through groove (1201).

7. The horizontal directional drilling and reaming drill bit for complex geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the sliding sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft (17), a fixed block (7) is rotatably connected between the fixed shaft (17) and the movable ring (6), an arc-shaped groove (701) is formed in the fixed block (7), and the arc-shaped groove (701) is sleeved on the movable ring (6).

8. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 7, wherein, At least two support columns (18) are fixedly connected to one side face of the fixed block (7) close to the rod member (1), a ball head (19) is fixed at the end of the support column (18), and the axis of the support column (18) intersects with the axial direction of the rod member (1).

9. The horizontal directional drilling reaming bit under complex geological conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first magnet block (20) is embedded and installed on the side surface of the support column (18); An alignment block (21) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rod (1), and a second magnet block (22) is embedded and mounted on the alignment block (21).

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