U-shaped shed support for coal mine deformed roadway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine support, and discloses a U-shaped shed support for a coal mine deformed roadway, which comprises a top support and a plurality of side supports, and further comprises a clamping cable used for fastening and connecting the top support and the side supports, and a yielding assembly arranged in the top support and used for yielding when a coal mine roadway top plate settles and extrudes the top support, the yielding assembly comprises a plurality of cushion blocks A which are connected end to end and stacked in the top support side by side, when the multiple cushion blocks A are subjected to the action of force from the top of the top support to the bottom of the top support, the hinge points, close to the upper ends, of the adjacent top blocks A rotate relatively, the height of the adjacent top blocks A is reduced, and the rest of the top blocks A are pushed away towards the two sides. Sliding blocks matched with the cushion blocks A are arranged at the positions, close to the two ends, in the top support in a sliding mode, and the sliding blocks are connected with the top support through springs A. The U-shaped shed support has the effects that the applicability and the adjusting limit of the whole U-shaped shed support are effectively improved, and the flexible yielding performance of roadway top plate supporting is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine support, and more specifically, it relates to a U-shaped shed support for deformed coal mine roadways. Background Art

[0002] In the coal mine roadway support project, the U-shaped shed support, as a typical roof support, is widely used in the roadway support of deep mining, soft rock strata, etc. due to its stable structure, strong bearing capacity, and the characteristic of adapting to the deformation of surrounding rocks. The U-shaped shed support is usually composed of high-strength U-shaped steel connected into an arch structure through components such as clamping cables and tie rods.

[0003] With the increase of the mining depth of the mine and the complication of geological conditions, the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock shows the characteristics of large deformation, asymmetry, and persistence. Especially in areas affected by high ground stress, fault fracture zones, or strong mining disturbances, the dynamic pressure manifestation of the roof coal in thick coal seams is relatively intense, and the deformation of the roadway is large. The existing U-shaped shed support is difficult to adapt to this large deformation of the roadway, easily causing the damage of the existing support structure and affecting the stability of the roadway surrounding rock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention discloses a U-shaped shed support for deformed coal mine roadways to solve the technical problems in the above background art.

[0005] The present invention discloses a U-shaped shed support for deformed coal mine roadways, including a top support and a plurality of side supports, and further including a clamping cable for tightly connecting the top support and the side supports;

[0006] A yielding component is arranged in the top support and is used for yielding when the roof of the coal mine roadway sinks and squeezes the top support. The yielding component includes a plurality of cushion blocks A connected end to end and stacked side by side in the top support. When a force acts on several of the cushion blocks A from the top to the bottom of the top support, the hinge points near the upper ends of the adjacent cushion blocks A rotate relatively and descend in height, and push the remaining several cushion blocks A towards both sides;

[0007] Sliders adapted to the cushion blocks A are slidably arranged at both ends inside the top support, and the sliders are connected to the top support through spring A;

[0008] It further includes an adjusting component for further reducing the height of the top support.

[0009] Preferably, the hinge point positions near the lower ends of two adjacent cushion blocks A are arc-shaped and are smoothly abutted against the inner bottom of the top support.

[0010] Preferably, the yielding component includes a number of cushion blocks B arranged side by side in the top bracket. A buffer cavity is formed in the top bracket, and the buffer cavity is located at the bottom of the number of cushion blocks B. A flexible support layer is arranged between the buffer cavity and the cushion blocks B. Push blocks are arranged at both ends of the top bracket close to the buffer cavity, and the push blocks are in contact with spring A.

[0011] Preferably, an appropriate amount of hydraulic oil or nitrogen is filled in the buffer cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a support sleeve and a support rod. The support rod is inserted into the support sleeve, and the top of the support rod is connected to the side bracket. One end of the support rod located in the support sleeve is connected to the support sleeve through spring B. An oil box is fixedly connected to the surface of the support sleeve. A limiting rod is fixedly connected in the oil box. A movable plate slides on the surface of the limiting rod, and the movable plate is connected to the oil box through spring C. The oil box is connected to the support sleeve through a connecting pipe;

[0013] It further includes a connecting component for opening and closing the connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, an appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is filled in both the support sleeve and the oil box, and the hydraulic oil can pass through the connecting pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting component includes a pneumatic ball valve. The valve body of the pneumatic ball valve is located inside the connecting pipe and is used to cut off or connect both ends of the connecting pipe. Trigger components for triggering the pneumatic ball valve are also arranged on both sides of the top bracket.

[0016] Preferably, the trigger component includes a fixed pipe fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top bracket near both ends. An activity cavity and a pressure cavity are respectively formed in the fixed pipe. The inner diameter of the pressure cavity is larger than that of the activity cavity. A pressure rod slides in the activity cavity, and the pressure rod is connected to a slider or a push block. A pressure block slides in the pressure cavity. The fixed pipe is connected to the pneumatic ball valve through a trachea.

[0017] Preferably, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support sleeve, and ground nails for fastening are arranged on the surface of the bottom plate.

[0018] Preferably, a dust-proof pad is arranged on the top of the top bracket.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] By setting the yielding component, a number of stacked cushion blocks A can be closely attached under normal conditions to stably support the coal seam roof. When settlement occurs, the cushion blocks A are pressed down by the roadway deformation settlement force, causing them to rotate and descend correspondingly to yield. The settlement force is dispersed through the buffering effect of the two side springs A, avoiding the concentration of pressure at a single point of the top bracket, improving the yielding effect, and effectively protecting the top bracket.

[0021] In the present invention, by providing a further yielding adjustment component, when the yielding component bears a settlement force reaching or exceeding a threshold value, the pneumatic ball valve is opened, so that the hydraulic oil in the support sleeve partially flows into the oil box through the connecting pipe, and then the stroke of the support rod in the support sleeve is compressed, achieving the purpose of reducing the further yielding of the top support, effectively improving the applicability and adjustment limit of the entire U-shaped shed support, as well as the flexible yielding performance for supporting the roadway roof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention for showing the state after removing the dust-proof pad;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for showing the connection relationship between the side support and the top support;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for showing the yielding component;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for showing the state when the cushion block A rotates relatively;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for showing the triggering component;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention for showing the yielding component;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for showing the adjustment component.

[0030] In the figure: 1, side support; 11, cable clip; 2, top support; 21, dust-proof pad; 22, cushion block A; 221, slider; 23, fixed pipe; 231, movable cavity; 232, pneumatic cavity; 233, pressing block; 234, pressing rod; 235, spring A; 24, cushion block B; 241, buffer cavity; 242, pushing block; 3, support sleeve; 31, support rod; 311, spring B; 32, oil box; 321, limiting rod; 322, movable plate; 323, spring C; 33, pneumatic ball valve; 331, connecting pipe; 332, air pipe; 34, bottom plate; 341, ground nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] Reference will now be made to example embodiments to discuss the subject matter described herein. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described in some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0032] An inverted U-shaped shed support for a deformed coal mine roadway is disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, it includes a top support 2 and a plurality of side supports 1. The side supports 1 are provided with at least two and are distributed at both ends of the top support 2 for supporting the sidewall and rib of the roadway and for bearing the top support 2. It also includes cable clamps 11, or fasteners such as tie rods, for firmly connecting the top support 2 and the side supports 1. The cable clamps 11, tie rods, etc. are fastened by threads or other means, and then the top support 2 and the side supports 1 at both of its ends are firmly fastened together to form an arch structure. The cable clamps 11, tie rods, etc. are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, a yielding component is arranged inside the top support 2 and is used for yielding when the roof of the coal mine roadway subsides and squeezes the top support 2. Yielding means that when the roadway relatively descends, the support synchronously descends a certain height, so as to avoid causing excessive pressure on the support, resulting in its fracture or loss of bearing capacity. The yielding component includes a plurality of pads A22 connected end to end and stacked side by side inside the top support 2. When a force acts on several of the pads A22 from the top to the bottom of the top support 2, the hinge points of the adjacent top blocks A near the upper end rotate relatively and descend in height, and push the remaining several top blocks A towards both sides. Sliders 221 adapted to the pads A22 slide inside the top support 2 near both ends. The slider 221 abuts on the surface of one of the pads A22. The slider 221 is connected to the top support 2 through a spring A235. Both ends of the spring A235 are fixedly connected to the slider 221 and the top support 2 respectively. It also includes an adjusting component for further descending the height of the top support 2.

[0034] Specifically, through the arrangement of a number of cushion blocks A22 connected end to end, when the downward pressure generated by the settlement of the roadway roof on the top support 2 reaches a certain level, the settlement pressure is applied to the tops of a number of cushion blocks A22 arranged side by side to a certain extent. Since the settlement points of the roadway are different and the settlement forces are unevenly distributed, the force on the top of a single cushion block A22 at a certain position is relatively large. When the settlement force at this position exceeds the clamping force that keeps the adjacent cushion blocks A22 in close contact, the cushion block A22 at this position can rotate accordingly, causing two or more cushion blocks A22 to rotate synchronously and sink by a corresponding height to yield to the pressure on the top of the roadway. At the same time, the rotating cushion blocks A22 will squeeze the other cushion blocks A22 arranged side by side on both sides synchronously, causing the remaining cushion blocks A22 on both sides to move to both sides and compress the springs A235 at both ends inside the top support 2. The springs A235 at both ends are used to buffer the settlement force and further provide a supporting force for the cushion blocks A22 through the elastic force, ensuring settlement yielding while maintaining stable support for the roadway.

[0035] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the hinge point positions near the lower ends of two adjacent cushion blocks A22 are arc-shaped and smoothly abut against the inner bottom of the top support 2. By setting the lower ends of the cushion blocks A22 as arc-shaped smooth surfaces, it is easier for them to slide on the inner bottom surface of the top support 2, so as to rotate relatively in a timely manner by means of the settlement downward pressure when settlement occurs.

[0036] As Figure 7 shown, in an alternative embodiment, different from the connection method of the cushion blocks A22, the yielding component includes a number of cushion blocks B24 arranged side by side inside the top support 2. The cushion blocks B24 are only placed side by side and closely attached inside the top support 2. A buffer cavity 241 is formed inside the top support 2, and the buffer cavity 241 is located at the bottom of a number of cushion blocks B24. A flexible support layer is provided between the buffer cavity 241 and the cushion blocks B24. The flexible support layer is made of fluororubber or nitrile rubber, which has good wear resistance and strength while ensuring a certain elasticity. Push blocks 242 are arranged at both ends of the top support 2 near the buffer cavity 241, and the push blocks 242 are in contact with the springs A235.

[0037] An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil or nitrogen is filled in the buffer cavity 241.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cushion block B24 under the action of the settlement force will move downward accordingly, and then press the flexible support layer at its bottom, rather than pushing the remaining cushion blocks B24 to the left and right. Correspondingly, since the buffer cavity 241 is located below the flexible support layer and is filled with hydraulic oil or nitrogen, etc., when the flexible support layer deforms under the pressure of the cushion block B24, it will squeeze the hydraulic oil or nitrogen in the buffer cavity 241, causing it to squeeze the push block 242 to both sides. Further, the push block 242 compresses the spring A235, buffers the push block 242 through the spring A235, and further provides a supporting force to the push block 242 through the elastic force, so that while the cushion block B24 yields by lowering its height, it can also support the roof of the roadway after settlement.

[0039] As Figure 8 shown, in this embodiment, the adjusting assembly includes a support sleeve 3 and a support rod 31. The support rod 31 is inserted into the support sleeve 3, and the connection between the support rod 31 and the support sleeve 3 is sealed. Moreover, the top of the support rod 31 is connected to the side bracket 1, and the two can be fixed by bolts, clamping or other means. One end of the support rod 31 located inside the support sleeve 3 is connected to the support sleeve 3 through a spring B311. Both ends of the spring B311 are fixedly connected to the support sleeve 3 and the support rod 31 respectively. One end of the support rod 31 located inside the support sleeve 3 is also in sealed contact with the inner wall of the support sleeve 3. The surface of the support sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with an oil box 32. A limiting rod 321 is fixedly connected inside the oil box 32. An activity plate 322 slides on the surface of the limiting rod 321, and the activity plate 322 is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the oil box 32. The activity plate 322 is connected to the oil box 32 through a spring C323. Both ends of the spring C323 are fixedly connected to the activity plate 322 and the oil box 32 respectively. The oil box 32 is connected to the support sleeve 3 through a communication pipe 331. Both ends inside the communication pipe 331 are communicated with the inside of the oil box 32 and the support sleeve 3 respectively. A connection assembly for opening and closing the communication pipe 331 is also included.

[0040] An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is filled in both the support sleeve 3 and the oil box 32, and the hydraulic oil can pass through the communication pipe 331.

[0041] Specifically, through the setting of the connecting pipe 331, in the normal support state, the connecting component closes the connecting pipe 331. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the support sleeve 3 and the oil box 32 does not communicate with each other. Since the amount of hydraulic oil in the support sleeve 3 is stable, the spring B311 can provide stable support for the support rod 31. When the roadway has not settled or the settlement amount is low, the top support 2 can be stably supported and carried. When the settlement amount is large, the connecting component opens the connecting pipe 331 to connect the support sleeve 3 and the oil box 32. At this time, the top support 2 affected by the settlement force will press down the support rod 31 through the side support 1. When this settlement force is greater than the support force of the spring and the hydraulic oil, the settlement force presses down the support rod 31, causing it to squeeze the hydraulic oil in the support sleeve 3 into the oil box 32 through the connecting pipe 331, buffering the support rod 31 and simultaneously lowering the height of the support rod 31. The entire top support 2 also moves downward synchronously, leaving space for further settlement. At this time, the hydraulic oil entering the oil box 32 will simultaneously squeeze the movable plate 322, causing it to move upward accordingly and compress the spring C323. The spring C323 and the spring B311 buffer simultaneously and provide a stable support force.

[0042] Furthermore, the connecting component includes a pneumatic ball valve 33. By setting the pneumatic ball valve 33 instead of an electromagnetic valve, it is used to adapt to the mine roadway environment, reduce the use of electrical equipment, and improve durability and stability. The valve body of the pneumatic ball valve 33 is located inside the connecting pipe 331 and is used to cut off or connect both ends of the connecting pipe 331. Trigger components for triggering the pneumatic ball valve 33 are also provided on both sides of the top support 2.

[0043] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, among them, the trigger component includes a fixed pipe 23, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top support 2 near both ends. An activity cavity 231 and a pressure cavity 232 are respectively opened in the fixed pipe 23. The inner diameter of the pressure cavity 232 is larger than that of the activity cavity 231. A pressure rod 234 is slidably connected in the activity cavity 231. The pressure rod 234 is connected to the slider 221 or the push block 242. The pressure rod 234 can be fixed or abutted against the surface of the slider 221 or the push block 242. In this way, when the slider 221 or the push block 242 is pressed and slides, compressing the spring A235, it will simultaneously drive the pressure rod 234 to slide in the activity cavity 231. A pressure block 233 slides in the pressure cavity 232. The fixed pipe 23 is connected to the pneumatic ball valve 33 through an air pipe 332. The air pipe 332 is arranged on one side of the support sleeve 3, and its upper end is located inside the side support 1, and is protected by the side support 1. Among them, compressed air or nitrogen, etc. is filled in both the pressure cavity 232 and the air pipe 332.

[0044] Specifically, when the slider 221 or the push block 242 is pressed and slides to a certain extent due to the occurrence of roadway settlement, the slider 221 or the push block 242 pushes the pressure rod 234 to contact and continuously press down the pressure block 233, causing the pressure block 233 to slide in the air pressure chamber 232 and compress the compressed air or nitrogen in the air pressure chamber 232. The compressed air or nitrogen flows downward along the air pipe 332 into the pneumatic ball valve 33, thereby triggering the pneumatic ball valve 33 and prompting it to open the connecting pipe 331, enabling the inside of the support sleeves 3 at both ends of the connecting pipe 331 to communicate with the inside of the oil box 32, so as to cope with the settlement.

[0045] It should be noted that since both the triggering assembly and the pneumatic ball valve 33 are not electrical devices, and the triggering only relies on the mechanical structure, it is more suitable for the underground roadway environment, has good durability and stability, avoids the problem of damage to electrical devices caused by long-term operation and inconvenient normal operation, and reduces the occurrence of safety problems such as friction ignition between electrical devices and underground gas due to friction with air.

[0046] The bottom of the support sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 34. The bottom plate 34 is made of steel plate or other metal plates. The surface of the bottom plate 34 is provided with ground nails 341 for fastening. The bottom plate 34 is used to support the entire device, and driving the ground nails 341 into the ground facilitates fastening the entire device.

[0047] The top of the top support 2 is provided with a dust-proof pad 21. The dust-proof pad 21 is made of a material with high wear resistance such as a rubber pad, and is used to prevent dust from entering the cushion block A22 in the top support 2 and affecting its support strength.

[0048] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention, but these embodiments are not limited to the above specific implementation manners. The above specific implementation manners are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of this embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make more equivalent embodiments in various forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine, comprising a top support (2) and a plurality of side supports (1), characterized in that, It further includes a clamping cable (11) for tightly connecting the top support (2) and the side support (1). A pressure-relieving component is arranged inside the top support (2) and is used for pressure relief when the roof of the coal mine roadway subsides and squeezes the top support (2). The pressure-relieving component includes a number of cushion blocks A (22) connected end to end and stacked side by side inside the top support (2). When a number of the cushion blocks A (22) are subjected to a force from the top to the bottom of the top support (2), the hinge points near the upper ends of the adjacent top blocks A rotate relatively and descend in height, and push the remaining top blocks A towards both sides. Sliders (221) adapted to the cushion blocks A (22) slide at both ends inside the top support (2). The sliders (221) are connected to the top support (2) through springs A (235). It further includes an adjustment component for further reducing the height of the top support (2).

2. The U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 1, wherein, The hinge point positions near the lower ends of two adjacent cushion blocks A (22) are arc-shaped and are in smooth contact with the inner bottom of the top support (2).

3. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-relieving component includes a number of cushion blocks B (24) placed side by side inside the top support (2). A buffer cavity (241) is formed inside the top support (2), and the buffer cavity (241) is located at the bottom of the cushion blocks B (24). A flexible support layer is arranged between the buffer cavity (241) and the cushion blocks B (24). Push blocks (242) are arranged at both ends inside the top support (2) near the buffer cavity (241), and the push blocks (242) are in contact with the springs A (235).

4. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 3, characterized in that, An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil or nitrogen is filled in the buffer cavity (241).

5. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The adjustment component includes a support sleeve (3) and a support rod (31). The support rod (31) passes through the support sleeve (3), and the top of the support rod (31) is connected to the side support (1). One end of the support rod (31) inside the support sleeve (3) is connected to the support sleeve (3) through a spring B (311). An oil box (32) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support sleeve (3). A limiting rod (321) is fixedly connected inside the oil box (32). A movable plate (322) slides on the surface of the limiting rod (321), and the movable plate (322) is connected to the oil box (32) through a spring C (323). The oil box (32) is connected to the support sleeve (3) through a connecting pipe (331). It further includes a connection component for opening and closing the connecting pipe (331).

6. The U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 5, characterized in that, An appropriate amount of hydraulic oil is filled in both the support sleeve (3) and the oil box (32), and the hydraulic oil can pass through the connecting pipe (331).

7. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connection component includes a pneumatic ball valve (33). The valve body of the pneumatic ball valve (33) is located inside the connecting pipe (331) and is used to cut off or connect both ends of the connecting pipe (331). Trigger components for triggering the pneumatic ball valve (33) are also arranged on both sides of the top support (2).

8. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 7, wherein, The triggering component includes a fixed pipe (23), which is fixedly connected to positions near both ends of the inner wall of the top bracket (2). An activity cavity (231) and a pneumatic cavity (232) are respectively formed in the fixed pipe (23). The inner diameter of the pneumatic cavity (232) is larger than that of the activity cavity (231). A pressure rod (234) is slidably connected in the activity cavity (231), and the pressure rod (234) is connected to the slider (221) or the push block (242). A pressure block (233) slides in the pneumatic cavity (232). The fixed pipe (23) is connected to the pneumatic ball valve (33) through an air pipe (332).

9. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A bottom plate (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support sleeve (3), and ground nails (341) for fastening are arranged on the surface of the bottom plate (34).

10. A U-shaped shed support for a deformed roadway in a coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dust-proof pad (21) is arranged at the top of the top bracket (2).

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