Slope reinforcement optimization method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a side slope reinforcement optimization method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, the method analyzes various parameters of a side slope, simulates a placement link of a pre-stressed anchor cable in dynamic simulation software, and iterates the placement density of the pre-stressed anchor cable through global optimization, so as to improve the stability of the pre-stressed anchor cable. And finally, whether the global optimization iteration result meets the requirement or not is reflected by verifying the safety coefficient of the side slope, it is guaranteed that the side slope reinforcing effect reaches the standard, reinforcing materials are accurate, and the situation that the reinforcing effect is not ideal due to the fact that the reinforcing materials are redundant or insufficient due to manual design is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and particularly to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for slope reinforcement and optimization. Background Art

[0002] Landslide prevention and control refers to the prevention and control measures taken when it is impossible to avoid landslide areas or unstable slope areas during engineering construction. Landslide stability analysis is the basic work of landslide prevention and control and the premise for subsequent prevention and control work. According to the characteristics of slope rock and soil masses, corresponding measures are taken to prevent slope instability to ensure the safety of production and personnel. Landslide stability analysis is the basic work of landslide prevention and control and the premise for subsequent prevention and control work. The significance of studying landslide stability lies in that it can not only provide a scientific theoretical basis for engineering construction, but also play an important guiding role in the early warning and prediction of the development trend of landslides.

[0003] In areas with dense mountains, landslides caused by unstable slopes will cause huge losses to personal safety and economic construction. Therefore, correctly evaluating the stability of slopes and taking corresponding reinforcement measures can greatly reduce such losses.

[0004] At present, the main reinforcement construction plans for slopes include cutting and unloading method, surcharge and counterweight method, anchoring reinforcement method, anti-slide pile reinforcement method, grouting reinforcement method, etc. These reinforcement construction plans need to be determined during the design and construction process. The determination of these parameters is usually based on various factors such as engineering experience, geological conditions, slope stability requirements, and construction conditions. Engineers will select and determine the values of these parameters according to these factors, combined with relevant design specifications and safety standards, to ensure that the reinforcement effect meets the design requirements. Since engineers need to manually select and determine the parameter values of the reinforcement plan, subjective experience errors are easily introduced, which will affect the accuracy of reinforcement to a certain extent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a method, device, equipment and storage medium for slope reinforcement and optimization, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that engineers need to manually select and determine the parameter values of the reinforcement plan, which is prone to subjective experience errors and thus affects the accuracy of reinforcement to a certain extent.

[0006] To achieve the above object, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for slope reinforcement and optimization, wherein a plurality of monitoring components for monitoring slope deformation are installed on the slope surface of the slope, and the reinforcement and optimization method includes:

[0008] Step S1, obtain the monitoring data of the slope based on several preset time periods through all monitoring components, and respectively obtain the displacement vectors of each monitoring data through the borehole inclinometry method;

[0009] Step S2, mark the positions of the monitoring components with displacement vectors exceeding the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and respectively obtain the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point;

[0010] Step S3, calculate the slope sliding surface of the slope through all coordinate points;

[0011] Step S4, divide the slope into several soil strips, and respectively determine the shear strength indexes of each soil strip through the slope sliding surface;

[0012] Step S5, calculate the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state based on each shear strength index;

[0013] Step S6, load the digital model of the slope in the preset geological dynamic simulation software, and add several prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array on the slope surface of the digital model;

[0014] Step S7, iteratively optimize the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold;

[0015] Step S8, obtain the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold;

[0016] Step S9, obtain the arrangement method of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value and define it as the reinforcement optimization plan of the slope.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present application, in Step S7, iteratively optimize the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, and then, in Step S8, obtain the minimum value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold. Before that, it further includes:

[0018] Step S10, determine whether all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold after the global optimization converges. If not, execute Step S20;

[0019] Step S20, after the global optimization converges, obtain the arrangement method of the prestressed anchor cables after convergence as the anchor cable reinforcement plan;

[0020] Step S30, after the global optimization converges, obtain the positions of all safety factors less than the preset factor threshold and respectively define them as additional reinforcement positions;

[0021] Step S40: Add a shear hole with a preset size at each additional reinforcement position through the preset geological dynamic simulation software.

[0022] Step S50: Iteratively optimize the preset size of each shear hole through global optimization to make all safety factors greater than or equal to a preset factor threshold.

[0023] Step S60: Obtain the minimum sum value of all preset sizes when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0024] Step S70: Obtain the sizes of all shear holes corresponding to the minimum sum value and define them as the shear hole reinforcement plan.

[0025] Step S80: Combine the cable anchor reinforcement plan and the shear hole reinforcement plan into the reinforcement optimization plan for the slope.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present application, in Step S7, the array density of the prestressed cable anchors is iteratively optimized on the slope through global optimization to make all safety factors greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, including:

[0027] Step S71: Define a random solution based on each array density with the slope as the iteration range.

[0028] Step S72: Define the optimization result of all random solutions as all safety factors being greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0029] Step S73: Initialize the positions of each random solution and update the current position and current speed of each random solution respectively.

[0030] Step S74: Obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution based on each update respectively.

[0031] Step S75: Determine whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and the individual optimal solution of the previous update is less than or equal to a first preset adaptation threshold respectively. If all are less, then execute Step S76.

[0032] Step S76: Determine whether the difference between each global optimal solution and the global optimal solution of the previous update is less than or equal to a second preset adaptation threshold respectively. If all are less, then execute Step S77.

[0033] Step S77: Determine that the optimal solution of the array density has been obtained.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present application, in Step S50, the preset size of each shear hole is iteratively optimized through global optimization to make all safety factors greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, including:

[0035] Step S501: Taking the slope as the iteration range, define a number of random solutions based on the preset sizes of each shear hole.

[0036] Step S502: Define the optimization results of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold.

[0037] Step S503: Initialize the positions of each random solution, and update the current positions and current speeds of each random solution respectively.

[0038] Step S504: Based on each update, obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution respectively.

[0039] Step S505: Respectively determine whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and the corresponding individual optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to the first preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, execute Step S506.

[0040] Step S506: Respectively determine whether the difference between each global optimal solution and the corresponding global optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to the second preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, execute Step S507.

[0041] Step S507: Determine that the optimal solutions for all preset sizes have been obtained.

[0042] To achieve the above object, the present application also provides the following technical solutions:

[0043] A reinforcement and optimization device for a slope, which is applied to the reinforcement and optimization method as described above. The reinforcement and optimization device includes:

[0044] A slope displacement vector acquisition module, configured to obtain the monitoring data of the slope based on a number of preset time periods through all monitoring components, and obtain the displacement vector of each monitoring data respectively by the inclinometer method.

[0045] A mutation monitoring point acquisition module, configured to mark the positions of the monitoring components with displacement vectors exceeding the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and obtain the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point respectively.

[0046] A slope sliding surface calculation module, configured to calculate the slope sliding surface of the slope through all coordinate points.

[0047] A soil strip and shear strength index acquisition module, configured to divide the slope into a number of soil strips equally, and determine the shear strength index of each soil strip through the slope sliding surface respectively.

[0048] A soil strip safety factor calculation module, configured to calculate the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state based on each shear strength index respectively.

[0049] A prestressed anchor cable simulation module, configured to load a digital model of the slope in a preset geological dynamic simulation software, and add a plurality of prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to and arranged in an array on the slope surface of the digital model;

[0050] A prestressed anchor cable array density iteration module, configured to iteratively adjust the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization, so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to a preset factor threshold;

[0051] An array density minimum density value acquisition module, configured to acquire the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold;

[0052] A reinforcement optimization scheme definition module, configured to acquire the arrangement mode of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value and define it as the reinforcement optimization scheme for the slope.

[0053] To achieve the above object, the present application also provides the following technical solutions:

[0054] An electronic device, including a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, where the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor; when the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory, it implements a reinforcement optimization method for a slope as described above.

[0055] To achieve the above object, the present application also provides the following technical solutions:

[0056] A storage medium, in which program instructions are stored, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, they can implement a reinforcement optimization method for a slope as described above.

[0057] This application obtains the monitoring data of the slope based on several preset time periods through all monitoring components, and obtains the displacement vector of each monitoring data through the borehole inclinometry method; marks the positions of the monitoring components where the displacement vectors exceed the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and obtains the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point respectively; calculates the slope sliding surface of the slope through all coordinate points; divides the slope into several soil strips, and determines the shear strength index of each soil strip through the slope sliding surface respectively; calculates the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state based on each shear strength index respectively; loads the digital model of the slope in the preset geological dynamic simulation software, and adds several prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array on the slope surface; iteratively optimizes the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization, so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; obtains the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; obtains the arrangement method of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value, and defines it as the reinforcement optimization scheme of the slope. This application analyzes various parameters of the slope and simulates the placement of prestressed anchor cables in the dynamic simulation software, and then iteratively optimizes the placement density of the prestressed anchor cables through global optimization, so as to reinforce as many slopes as possible with the least number of prestressed anchor cables. Finally, by verifying the safety factor of the slope, it reflects whether the iterative result of global optimization meets the requirements, ensuring that the reinforcement effect of the slope meets the standard, the reinforcement materials are accurate, and avoiding the redundant or insufficient reinforcement materials caused by manual design, resulting in an unsatisfactory reinforcement effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the steps of an embodiment of the slope reinforcement optimization method of this application;

[0059] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an embodiment of the slope reinforcement optimization device of this application;

[0060] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device of this application;

[0061] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the storage medium of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0062] Next, this application will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0063] The terms "first", "second", and "third" in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, then the directional indications will also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "comprise" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0064] Reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0065] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the slope reinforcement and optimization method. In this embodiment, a plurality of monitoring components for monitoring slope surface deformation are installed on the slope surface of the slope.

[0066] Specifically, the reinforcement and optimization method includes the following steps:

[0067] Step S1, obtain the monitoring data of the slope based on a plurality of preset time periods through all the monitoring components, and respectively obtain the displacement vectors of each monitoring data through the borehole inclinometry method.

[0068] Preferably, the borehole inclinometry method is a technique for determining the spatial position and trajectory of a borehole by measuring the inclination angle and azimuth angle of the borehole. Its principle is based on the action of the earth's gravity field and magnetic field. The specific steps are as follows:

[0069] Measuring the inclination angle: An inclinometer tube is installed in the borehole. The inclinometer tube has four notches to cooperate with the pulleys of the inclinometer probe. The probe is connected to the data acquisition instrument through a cable. By measuring the vertical inclination of the inclinometer tube, the inclination caused by formation movement and the hole formation quality are detected. The inclinometer probe has two sets of small pulleys with a distance of 0.5 meters between them. Angle measurements are taken for each section in units of 0.5 meters. The offset of each section can be calculated through the inclination angle of each section. Integrating the relative offsets of all sections can obtain the displacement of any point in the borehole relative to the reference point (the bottom or the top of the hole).

[0070] Measuring the azimuth angle: Using the earth's magnetic field as a reference benchmark, the spatial position and attitude of the borehole are determined by measuring the change in the magnetic field intensity in the borehole.

[0071] As can be seen from the above principle, the borehole inclinometry method can calculate the offset of each section through the inclination angle of each section. Integrating the relative offsets of all sections can obtain the displacement vector of any point in the borehole relative to the reference point (the bottom or the top of the hole), that is, differentiating the displacement vector of any point relative to the reference point (the bottom or the top of the hole) to obtain the relative offsets of all sections.

[0072] It should be noted that the borehole inclinometry method is a mature existing technology. The borehole inclinometry method in this embodiment is a conventional application. For the detailed measurement and calculation steps of the borehole inclinometry method, please refer to the existing technology and will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0073] Step S2: Mark the positions of the monitoring components whose displacement vectors exceed the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and obtain the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point respectively.

[0074] Preferably, the preset displacement threshold can be set to 10 mm, that is, the modulus of the displacement vector does not exceed 10 mm.

[0075] Step S3: Calculate the slope sliding surface of the slope through all the coordinate points.

[0076] Preferably, the main calculation process is to determine the center of the slope sliding surface through the coordinate points and then determine the radius.

[0077] Step S4: Divide the slope into several soil strips, and determine the shear strength index of each soil strip through the slope sliding surface respectively.

[0078] Step S5: Calculate the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state based on each shear strength index respectively.

[0079] Preferably, the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state can be calculated by the Swedish slice method and the Bishop method.

[0080] Step S6: Load the digital model of the slope in a preset geological dynamic simulation software, and add a number of prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array on the slope surface of the digital model.

[0081] Preferably, the principle of strengthening the slope with prestressed anchor cables is as follows:

[0082] ① Working principle:

[0083] The prestressed anchor cable applies a tensile force inside the slope to balance the potential sliding force, thereby improving the stability of the slope.

[0084] The anchor cable is usually made of steel strands, with one end fixed in the stable rock formation and the other end applying prestress to provide an upward tensile force.

[0085] ② Application steps:

[0086] Determine the position and length: According to the geological conditions and stability analysis of the slope, determine the position and length of the anchor cable.

[0087] Drill holes: Use a drill rig to drill holes at the predetermined positions, and the hole diameter and depth shall meet the design requirements.

[0088] Install the anchor cable: Place the anchor cable into the drill hole to ensure its correct position.

[0089] Apply prestress: Use tensioning equipment to apply prestress to the anchor cable, usually through a jack, to ensure that the design tensile force is reached.

[0090] Fix and protect: Fix the exposed part of the anchor cable and carry out anti-corrosion treatment to ensure long-term stability.

[0091] ③ Advantages:

[0092] The construction is fast and can quickly provide stability.

[0093] It is applicable to various geological conditions, especially soft rock formations.

[0094] The number and position of the anchor cables can be adjusted according to needs, and it can flexibly adapt to different slope conditions.

[0095] Preferably, in this embodiment, a supplementary means is also provided for the case where the standard of strengthening the slope cannot be achieved only by using prestressed anchor cables. By using shear holes for reinforcement on the premise of prestressed anchor cable reinforcement, the two can be combined to reinforce some slopes with severe sliding conditions or potential sliding conditions. The reinforcement steps of the shear holes will be elaborated below.

[0096] Preferably, the slope dynamic simulation software includes Abaqus, GeoStudio, Bentley PLAXIS LE, and GEO-SLOPE, etc.

[0097] Among them, Abaqus is a slope stability analysis software that can simulate complex processes such as rainfall, seepage flow, and fluid-structure interaction, and evaluate the strength and safety of slopes. It provides the strength reduction method to simulate the progressive failure process of slopes and has rich visualization tools that can intuitively display information such as slope deformation, stress distribution, and potential slip surfaces.

[0098] Among them, GeoStudio is a geotechnical simulation tool that supports functions such as slope stability and support analysis, and slope safety factor analysis. It has clear modeling steps, parameter value settings, and detailed data descriptions, and is efficient and easy to use. A prominent advantage of GeoStudio is that all its software can run under the same interface, facilitating users to analyze comprehensive geotechnical engineering problems.

[0099] Among them, Bentley PLAXIS LE: is a two-dimensional / three-dimensional limit equilibrium software used for limit equilibrium slope stability analysis and finite element analysis of groundwater seepage. It can perform rapid and comprehensive analysis of various conditions.

[0100] Among them, GEO-SLOPE: is a simulation software applicable to geotechnical engineering and geotechnical environment simulation calculations.

[0101] Step S7, iteratively optimize the array density of prestressed anchor cables on the slope through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0102] The minimum safety factor for the stability of soil slopes by Bishop's method depends on specific engineering conditions and slope grades. However, generally for a Class 5 homogeneous earth-rock cofferdam, its minimum safety factor should not be lower than 1.15. This is obtained according to the provisions in the "Code for Construction Organization Design of Water Resources and Hydropower Projects" (SL303-). For other grades of cofferdams or soil slopes, the safety factor may be different, but generally there is a specified minimum value to ensure the safety of the project. For example, when calculating a Class 4 homogeneous earth cofferdam using the simplified Bishop's method, the slope stability safety factor should also not be lower than 1.153. In actual engineering, the minimum safety factor for the stability of soil slopes by Bishop's method should be determined according to specific circumstances and relevant codes.

[0103] Step S8, obtain the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0104] Preferably, if the Bishop method is adopted, the preset coefficient threshold can be set according to the engineering conditions and the slope grade. For example, the minimum safety factor for the stability of an earth slope by the Bishop method depends on the specific engineering conditions and the slope grade. However, generally for a Class 5 homogeneous earth-rock cofferdam, its minimum safety factor should not be less than 1.15. This is obtained according to the regulations in the "Code for Construction Organization Design of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Projects" (SL303-). For cofferdams or slopes of other grades, the safety factor may be different, but generally there is a specified minimum value to ensure the safety of the project. For example, when calculating a Class 4 homogeneous earth cofferdam using the simplified Bishop method, the slope stability safety factor should also not be less than 1.153. In actual engineering, the minimum safety factor for the stability of an earth slope by the Bishop method, that is, the value of the preset coefficient threshold, should be determined according to the specific situation and relevant specifications.

[0105] Preferably, if the Swedish circle method is adopted, it is usually 10%-20% lower than other strict methods because the Swedish circle method ignores the forces on both sides of the soil strips and cannot satisfy all the equilibrium conditions, so the calculated stability safety factor may be lower. This error increases with the increase of the slip arc central angle and the pore water stress. In severe cases, it can cause the calculated safety factor to be half as small. In practical applications, engineers will assume several possible slip surfaces and calculate the corresponding stability coefficients respectively. The slip surface with the smallest stability coefficient is the most dangerous slip surface, so as to evaluate the stability of the earth slope.

[0106] It should be noted that different slope conditions and the selected slip surfaces will lead to different safety factor results. In addition, compared with other methods such as the Bishop method, the stability coefficient obtained by the Swedish circle method is usually in the middle.

[0107] Step S9, obtain the arrangement mode of prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value and define it as the reinforcement optimization plan for the slope.

[0108] Preferably, the array arrangement mode is usually M×N prestressed anchor cables arranged in a rectangle. Generally, the center of the array coincides with the center of the slope. The side length of the rectangle is the interval distance between adjacent prestressed anchor cables. For example, for a slope with a surface area of 35 square meters, 5×5 prestressed anchor cables are arranged in a rectangle, and the adjacent prestressed anchor cables arranged in a rectangle can be spaced 1 meter apart. At this time, the third prestressed anchor cable in the third row is located at the center of the array and also at the center of the slope.

[0109] Furthermore, in step S7, iteratively optimize the array density of prestressed anchor cables on the slope through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold. Then, in step S8, obtain the minimum value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold. Before that, the following steps are also included:

[0110] Step S10: Determine whether all safety factors are greater than or equal to a preset factor threshold after the global optimization converges iteratively. If not, execute Step S20.

[0111] Step S20: After the global optimization converges iteratively, obtain the arranged pattern of prestressed anchor cables after convergence as the anchor cable reinforcement plan.

[0112] Step S30: After the global optimization converges iteratively, obtain the positions of all safety factors less than the preset factor threshold and define them as additional reinforcement positions respectively.

[0113] Step S40: Add a shear-resistant hole with a preset size at each additional reinforcement position through a preset geological dynamic simulation software.

[0114] Step S50: Iteratively optimize the preset size of each shear-resistant hole through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0115] Step S60: Obtain the minimum sum value of all preset sizes when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0116] Step S70: Obtain the sizes of all shear-resistant holes corresponding to the minimum sum value and define them as the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan.

[0117] Step S80: Combine the anchor cable reinforcement plan and the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan into the reinforcement optimization plan for the slope.

[0118] Preferably, Steps S10 to S80 are the above-mentioned shear-resistant hole plan.

[0119] Preferably, the principle of using shear-resistant holes to reinforce the slope is as follows:

[0120] ① Structural characteristics:

[0121] Shear-resistant holes are usually rectangular or circular chambers, and their depth and width are designed according to the geological conditions of the slope.

[0122] Support structures such as steel meshes, shotcrete, or anchor bolts are usually installed in the chambers to enhance the stability of the chambers.

[0123] The shape and position of the chambers are carefully designed to disperse the shear force of the slope.

[0124] ② Application scenarios:

[0125] Shear-resistant holes are commonly used in large-scale civil engineering projects, mine slopes, and high-slope stability reinforcement.

[0126] In practical engineering, shear-resistant holes are usually used in combination with prestressed anchor cables or other reinforcement methods to form a comprehensive reinforcement system.

[0127] It should be noted that the size of the shear-resistant hole is usually determined according to specific design requirements and application scenarios, and there is no fixed unified standard. One typical cross-sectional size of the shear-resistant hole is 6m×11m.

[0128] In practical applications, the size setting of the shear-resistant hole needs to consider multiple factors, such as the size of the structure, materials, the shear load it bears, and the application scenario, etc. These factors will jointly affect the design of the shear-resistant hole to ensure that it can meet the shear resistance requirements of the structure. Therefore, it is recommended to consult professional engineers or refer to relevant design specifications when designing the shear-resistant hole to ensure the rationality and safety of the design.

[0129] Furthermore, in step S7, the array density of the prestressed anchor cables is iterated on the slope through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, including:

[0130] Step S71, taking the slope as the iteration range, defining a random solution based on each array density.

[0131] Step S72, defining the optimization result of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0132] Step S73, initializing the position of each random solution, and respectively updating the current position and current speed of each random solution.

[0133] Step S74, respectively obtaining the individual optimal solution and global optimal solution of each random solution based on each update.

[0134] Step S75, respectively judging whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and the individual optimal solution of the previous update is less than or equal to the first preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, then execute step S76.

[0135] Step S76, respectively judging whether the difference between each global optimal solution and the global optimal solution of the previous update is less than or equal to the second preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, then execute step S77.

[0136] Preferably, the values of the first preset adaptation threshold and the second preset adaptation threshold need to be adjusted according to specific problems, generally according to the calculation results. If the adaptation threshold is set too small, it may cause the algorithm to stop prematurely and fail to obtain the optimal solution; if the adaptation threshold is set too large, it may cause the algorithm to be updated excessively and waste computing resources.

[0137] Preferably, the adaptation threshold can also be evaluated by one of the Griewank function, Rastrigin function, Schaffer function, Ackley function, Rosenbrock function.

[0138] Step S77, determine that the optimal solution of the array density has been obtained.

[0139] Further, in step S50, the preset sizes of each shear-resistant hole are iteratively optimized globally to make all safety factors greater than or equal to a preset factor threshold, including:

[0140] Step S501, with the slope as the iteration range, define a number of random solutions based on the preset sizes of each shear-resistant hole.

[0141] Step S502, define the optimization result of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold.

[0142] Step S503, initialize the positions of each random solution, and update the current positions and current speeds of each random solution respectively.

[0143] Step S504, obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution respectively based on each update.

[0144] Step S505, respectively determine whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and each individual optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to a first preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, then execute step S506.

[0145] Step S506, respectively determine whether the difference between each global optimal solution and each global optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to a second preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, then execute step S507.

[0146] Step S507, determine that the optimal solutions of all preset sizes have been obtained.

[0147] Preferably, the principles of steps S501 to S507 are the same as those of steps S71 to S77, and the calculation process can be referred to the principles of the above steps S501 to S507.

[0148] In this embodiment, monitoring data of the slope based on several preset time periods are obtained by all monitoring components, and the displacement vectors of each monitoring data are obtained respectively by the inclinometer method; the positions of the monitoring components with displacement vectors exceeding the preset displacement threshold are marked as deformation monitoring points, and the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point are obtained respectively; the slope sliding surface of the slope is calculated by all the coordinate points; the slope is equally divided into several soil strips, and the shear strength indexes of each soil strip are determined respectively by the slope sliding surface; the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state is calculated respectively based on each shear strength index; the digital model of the slope is loaded into the preset geological dynamic simulation software, and several prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array are added to the slope surface; the array density of the prestressed anchor cables is iteratively optimized on the slope surface through global optimization, so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the minimum density value of the array density is obtained when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the arrangement mode of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value is obtained and defined as the reinforcement optimization scheme of the slope. In this embodiment, by analyzing various parameters of the slope and simulating the placement of the prestressed anchor cables in the dynamic simulation software, and then iteratively optimizing the placement density of the prestressed anchor cables through global optimization, it is possible to reinforce as many slopes as possible with the least number of prestressed anchor cables. Finally, by verifying the safety factor of the slope, it is reflected whether the iterative result of the global optimization meets the requirements, ensuring that the reinforcement effect of the slope reaches the standard and the reinforcement materials are accurate, and avoiding the redundancy or shortage of the reinforcement materials caused by manual design, resulting in an unsatisfactory reinforcement effect.

[0149] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of the reinforcement optimization device for the slope. In this embodiment, the reinforcement optimization device is applied to the reinforcement optimization method as described in the above embodiment.

[0150] The reinforcement optimization device includes a slope displacement vector acquisition module 1, a mutation monitoring point acquisition module 2, a slope sliding surface calculation module 3, a soil strip and shear strength index acquisition module 4, a soil strip safety factor calculation module 5, a prestressed anchor cable simulation module 6, a prestressed anchor cable array density iteration module 7, an array density minimum density value acquisition module 8, and a reinforcement optimization scheme definition module 9, which are electrically connected in sequence.

[0151] Among them, the slope displacement vector acquisition module 1 is used to obtain the monitoring data of the slope based on several preset time periods through all monitoring components, and obtain the displacement vector of each monitoring data respectively by the inclinometer method; the mutation monitoring point acquisition module 2 is used to mark the positions of the monitoring components with displacement vectors exceeding the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and obtain the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point respectively; the slope sliding surface calculation module 3 is used to calculate the slope sliding surface of the slope through all coordinate points; the soil strip and shear strength index acquisition module 4 is used to divide the slope into several soil strips equally, and determine the shear strength index of each soil strip respectively through the slope sliding surface; the soil strip safety factor calculation module 5 is used to calculate the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state respectively based on each shear strength index; the prestressed anchor cable simulation module 6 is used to load the digital model of the slope in the preset geological dynamic simulation software, and add several prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array on the slope surface of the digital model; the prestressed anchor cable array density iteration module 7 is used to iteratively calculate the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization, so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the array density minimum density value acquisition module 8 is used to obtain the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the reinforcement optimization scheme definition module 9 is used to obtain the arrangement mode of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value, and define it as the reinforcement optimization scheme of the slope.

[0152] Furthermore, the reinforcement optimization device further includes a safety factor post-iteration judgment module, a cable anchor reinforcement scheme definition module, an additional reinforcement position definition module, a shear hole addition module, a shear hole size iteration module, a preset size minimum sum value acquisition module, a shear hole reinforcement scheme definition module, and a reinforcement optimization scheme acquisition module that are electrically connected in sequence; the safety factor post-iteration judgment module is electrically connected to the prestressed anchor cable array density iteration module 7, and the reinforcement optimization scheme acquisition module is electrically connected to the array density minimum density value acquisition module 8.

[0153] Among them, the safety factor iteration judgment module is used to judge whether all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold after the global optimization converges; the anchor cable reinforcement plan definition module is used to, if not, obtain the arrangement mode of the prestressed anchor cables after convergence as the anchor cable reinforcement plan after the global optimization converges; the additional reinforcement position definition module is used to obtain the positions where all safety factors less than the preset factor threshold are located after the global optimization converges, and define them as additional reinforcement positions respectively; the shear-resistant hole adding module is used to add a shear-resistant hole with a preset size at each additional reinforcement position through a preset geological dynamic simulation software; the shear-resistant hole size iteration module is used to iteratively optimize the preset size of each shear-resistant hole through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the preset size minimum sum value obtaining module is used to obtain the minimum sum value of all preset sizes when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan definition module is used to obtain all shear-resistant hole sizes corresponding to the minimum sum value and define them as the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan; the reinforcement optimization plan obtaining module is used to combine the anchor cable reinforcement plan and the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan into the reinforcement optimization plan for the slope.

[0154] Further, the prestressed anchor cable array density iteration module 7 specifically includes a first prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit, a second prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit, a third prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit, a fourth prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit, a fifth prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit, a sixth prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit, and a seventh prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit; the first prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is electrically connected to the prestressed anchor cable simulation module 6, and the seventh prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is electrically connected to the array density minimum density value obtaining module 8.

[0155] Among them, the first prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to define a random solution based on each array density with the slope surface as the iteration range; the second prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to define the optimization result of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the third prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to initialize the position of each random solution and update the current position and current speed of each random solution respectively; the fourth prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution based on each update respectively; the fifth prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to judge whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and each individual optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to a first preset adaptation threshold respectively; the sixth prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to, if all are less, judge whether the difference between each global optimal solution and each global optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to a second preset adaptation threshold respectively; the seventh prestressed anchor cable array density iteration unit is used to, if all are less, determine that the optimal solution of the array density has been obtained.

[0156] Furthermore, the shear hole size iteration module specifically includes a first shear hole size iteration unit, a second shear hole size iteration unit, a third shear hole size iteration unit, a fourth shear hole size iteration unit, a fifth shear hole size iteration unit, a sixth shear hole size iteration unit, and a seventh shear hole size iteration unit that are electrically connected in sequence; the first shear hole size iteration unit is electrically connected to the shear hole addition module, and the seventh shear hole size iteration unit is electrically connected to the preset size minimum sum value acquisition module.

[0157] Among them, the first shear hole size iteration unit is used to define a number of random solutions based on the preset size of each shear hole with the slope as the iteration range; the second shear hole size iteration unit is used to define the optimization result of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset coefficient threshold; the third shear hole size iteration unit is used to initialize the position of each random solution and update the current position and current speed of each random solution respectively; the fourth shear hole size iteration unit is used to obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution respectively based on each update; the fifth shear hole size iteration unit is used to determine whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and each individual optimal solution of the previous update is less than or equal to the first preset adaptation threshold; the sixth shear hole size iteration unit is used to determine whether the difference between each global optimal solution and each global optimal solution of the previous update is less than or equal to the second preset adaptation threshold if all are less; the seventh shear hole size iteration unit is used to determine that the optimal solutions of all preset sizes have been obtained if all are less.

[0158] It should be noted that this embodiment is a functional module embodiment based on the above method embodiment. For the preferred, extended, limited, exemplified, and principle description parts of this embodiment, refer to the above embodiment, and this embodiment will not be elaborated here.

[0159] In this embodiment, monitoring data of the slope based on a number of preset time periods are obtained through all monitoring components, and the displacement vectors of each monitoring data are obtained respectively by the borehole inclinometry method; the positions of the monitoring components where the displacement vectors exceed the preset displacement threshold are marked as deformation monitoring points, and the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point are obtained respectively; the slope sliding surface of the slope is calculated through all the coordinate points; the slope is equally divided into a number of soil strips, and the shear strength indexes of each soil strip are determined respectively through the slope sliding surface; the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state is calculated respectively based on each shear strength index; the digital model of the slope is loaded in the preset geological dynamic simulation software, and a number of prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array are added to the slope surface of the digital model; the array density of the prestressed anchor cables is iteratively optimized on the slope surface through global optimization, so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the minimum density value of the array density is obtained when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; the arrangement mode of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value is obtained and defined as the reinforcement optimization scheme of the slope. In this embodiment, by analyzing various parameters of the slope and simulating the placement link of the prestressed anchor cables in the dynamic simulation software, and then iteratively optimizing the placement density of the prestressed anchor cables through global optimization, so as to reinforce as many slopes as possible with the least number of prestressed anchor cables. Finally, by verifying the safety factor of the slope, it is reflected whether the iterative result of the global optimization meets the requirements, ensuring that the reinforcement effect of the slope meets the standard, the reinforcement materials are accurate, and avoiding the redundancy or shortage of the reinforcement materials caused by manual design, resulting in an unsatisfactory reinforcement effect.

[0160] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, the electronic device 10 includes a processor 101 and a memory 102 coupled to the processor 101.

[0161] The memory 102 stores program instructions for implementing the fault detection method of an oil-immersed transformer according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0162] The processor 101 is configured to execute the program instructions stored in the memory 102 to perform fault detection of the oil-immersed transformer.

[0163] Among them, the processor 101 can also be called a CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit). The processor 101 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor 101 may also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0164] Further, Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a storage medium according to an embodiment of the present application. Refer to Figure 4 , the storage medium 11 of the embodiment of the present application stores program instructions 111 that can implement all the above methods. Among them, the program instructions 111 can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs, or terminal devices such as computers, servers, mobile phones, and tablets.

[0165] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be in an electrical, mechanical, or other form.

[0166] In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit. The above is only the embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcement and optimization of a slope, wherein a plurality of monitoring components for monitoring slope deformation are installed on the slope surface of the slope, characterized in that, The described reinforcement and optimization method includes: Step S1, obtaining the monitoring data of the slope based on several preset time periods through all monitoring components, and respectively obtaining the displacement vectors of each monitoring data through the borehole inclinometry method; Step S2, marking the positions of the monitoring components with displacement vectors exceeding the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and respectively obtaining the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point; Step S3, calculating the slope sliding surface of the slope through all coordinate points; Step S4, dividing the slope into several soil strips, and respectively determining the shear strength indexes of each soil strip through the slope sliding surface; Step S5, respectively calculating the safety factors of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state based on each shear strength index; Step S6, loading the digital model of the slope in the preset geological dynamic simulation software, and adding several prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array on the slope surface of the digital model; Step S7, iterating the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; Step S8, obtaining the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; Step S9, obtaining the arrangement method of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value and defining it as the reinforcement and optimization plan of the slope.

2. The reinforcement optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7, iterating the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold. After that, in step S8, when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, obtaining the minimum value of the array density. Before that, it also includes: Step S10, judging whether all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold after the global optimization converges in iteration. If not, execute step S20; Step S20, obtaining the arrangement method of the prestressed anchor cables after convergence after the global optimization converges in iteration as the anchor cable reinforcement plan; Step S30, obtaining the positions of all safety factors less than the preset factor threshold after the global optimization converges in iteration, and respectively defining them as additional reinforcement positions; Step S40, adding a shear-resistant hole with a preset size at each additional reinforcement position through the preset geological dynamic simulation software; Step S50, iterating the preset size of each shear-resistant hole through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; Step S60, obtaining the minimum sum value of all preset sizes when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; Step S70, obtaining the sizes of all shear-resistant holes corresponding to the minimum sum value and defining them as the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan; Step S80, combining the anchor cable reinforcement plan and the shear-resistant hole reinforcement plan into the reinforcement and optimization plan of the slope.

3. The reinforcement optimization method according to claim 1, wherein Step S7, iterating the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope surface through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, including: Step S71, taking the slope surface as the iteration range and defining a random solution based on each array density; Step S72, define the optimization result of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; Step S73, initialize the positions of each random solution, and update the current position and current speed of each random solution respectively; Step S74, obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution respectively based on each update; Step S75, respectively determine whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and each individual optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to the first preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, execute Step S76; Step S76, respectively determine whether the difference between each global optimal solution and each global optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to the second preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, execute Step S77; Step S77, determine that the optimal solution of the array density has been obtained.

4. The reinforcement optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that Step S50, iteratively optimize the preset size of each shear-resistant hole globally respectively to make all safety factors greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold, including: Step S501, with the slope as the iteration range, define a number of random solutions based on the preset size of each shear-resistant hole; Step S502, define the optimization result of all random solutions as that all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; Step S503, initialize the positions of each random solution, and update the current position and current speed of each random solution respectively; Step S504, obtain the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution of each random solution respectively based on each update; Step S505, respectively determine whether the difference between each individual optimal solution and each individual optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to the first preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, execute Step S506; Step S506, respectively determine whether the difference between each global optimal solution and each global optimal solution in the previous update is less than or equal to the second preset adaptation threshold. If all are less, execute Step S507; Step S507, determine that the optimal solutions of all preset sizes have been obtained.

5. A reinforcement and optimization device for a slope, the reinforcement and optimization device being applied to the reinforcement and optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The reinforcement optimization device includes: A slope displacement vector acquisition module, configured to acquire the monitoring data of the slope based on a number of preset time periods through all monitoring components, and acquire the displacement vector of each monitoring data respectively by the inclinometer method; A mutation monitoring point acquisition module, configured to mark the positions of the monitoring components where the displacement vectors exceed the preset displacement threshold as deformation monitoring points, and acquire the coordinate points of each mutation monitoring point respectively; A slope sliding surface calculation module, configured to calculate the slope sliding surface of the slope through all coordinate points; A soil strip and shear strength index acquisition module, configured to divide the slope into a number of soil strips equally, and determine the shear strength index of each soil strip respectively through the slope sliding surface; A soil strip safety factor calculation module, configured to calculate the safety factor of each soil strip in the limit equilibrium state respectively based on each shear strength index; A prestressed anchor cable simulation module, configured to load the digital model of the slope in a preset geological dynamic simulation software, and add a number of prestressed anchor cables perpendicular to the slope surface and arranged in an array on the slope surface of the digital model; A prestressed anchor cable array density iteration module, which is used to iteratively optimize the array density of the prestressed anchor cables on the slope through global optimization so that all safety factors are greater than or equal to a preset factor threshold; An array density minimum density value acquisition module, which is used to acquire the minimum density value of the array density when all safety factors are greater than or equal to the preset factor threshold; A reinforcement optimization plan definition module, which is used to acquire the arrangement mode of the prestressed anchor cables corresponding to the minimum density value and define it as the reinforcement optimization plan for the slope.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory stores program instructions executable by the processor. When the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory, the reinforcement optimization method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

7. A storage medium, characterized in that, Program instructions are stored in the storage medium. When the program instructions are executed by a processor, the reinforcement optimization method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 can be implemented.

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