Method and system for acquiring ground incidental damage range of air defense missile and medium

Abstract

The invention provides an air-defense missile ground incidental damage range obtaining method and system and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of missile incidental damage, and the method comprises the steps: analyzing the flying rules and motion characteristics of various fragments after a current missile is detonated at a certain height, and determining the flying angles and initial speeds of the various fragments during flying; according to the flying angles and initial speeds of the various fragments during flying, constructing motion models of the various fragments under the action of air resistance and gravity; according to the motion models of the various fragments, the motion trails of the various fragments are simulated, it is determined that the flying distance of a receiving responder in the missile fragments is the forward maximum flying distance of the attached damage range, and the flying distance of a warhead elastic piece in the missile fragments is the maximum flying distance of the two sides of the attached damage range; and determining the ground incidental damage range of the air defense missile according to the forward maximum flying distance of the incidental damage range and the maximum flying distance of the two sides. According to the method, aiming at the ground incidental damage problem of the third-generation air-defense missile, the movement characteristics of fragments in the air are analyzed by researching the fragment flying rule when the warhead of the missile explodes, and the ground incidental damage range is simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of missile collateral damage, and particularly to a method, system and medium for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of air defense missiles. Background Art

[0002] Air defense missiles are key air defense weapon systems in modern warfare, used to intercept and destroy incoming enemy flying targets such as aircraft, missiles and drones. However, during their mission execution, the explosion of air defense missiles may cause collateral damage. The ground collateral damage of fragment ground bombs refers to the phenomenon that during the explosion of air defense missiles, the high-speed fragments generated may scatter to the surrounding areas, causing damage to ground facilities, personnel and equipment. These fragments may be metals, composite materials or other substances, and their speed and power are sufficient to cause serious damage and injuries. Such damage can be divided into two major categories: direct and indirect. Direct damage includes fragment impact injuries, while indirect damage includes fires, shock wave effects, radiation leakage, etc. caused by missile explosions.

[0003] Most air defense missiles use fragmentation warheads. When intercepting targets such as incoming aircraft or missiles, the missile is guided by the guidance system to fly to a certain range near the target, then the warhead detonates and a large number of fragments are scattered. The fragments mainly use their kinetic energy to destroy the target. However, air defense operations are inevitable in densely populated areas. The missile fragments and debris generated by the detonation of the missile will cause harm to ground personnel and facilities. In the existing technology, there is a lack of a method to quickly and accurately obtain the ground collateral damage of air defense missiles, and it is impossible to provide effective safety data reference for the troops when performing urban air defense tasks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method, system and medium for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of air defense missiles. This method aims at the ground collateral damage problem of third-generation air defense missiles. By studying the fragment scattering law when the missile warhead explodes and analyzing the motion characteristics of the fragments in the air, an air motion model of missile fragments and debris and a physical model of fragment dispersion are established. According to multiple sub-problems in the model, solutions are obtained respectively. The scattering distances of the warhead fragments and debris in different parts under the combined action of gravity and air resistance are mainly analyzed. After comparing the simulated scattering distances of the fragments in different parts, conclusions are drawn, and thus the ground collateral damage range is simulated.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0006] A method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of air defense missiles includes the following steps:

[0007] Analyze the scattering law and motion characteristics of various fragments after the current missile detonates at a certain altitude, and determine the scattering angle and initial velocity when various fragments scatter;

[0008] Construct the motion models of various types of fragments under the action of air resistance and gravity according to the scattering angles and initial velocities of the fragments during scattering;

[0009] According to the motion models of various types of fragments, simulate the motion trajectories of various types of fragments, and determine that the scattering distance of the receiving transponder in the missile fragments is the maximum scattering distance forward of the collateral damage range, and the scattering distance of the warhead fragments in the missile fragments is the maximum scattering distance on both sides of the collateral damage range;

[0010] Determine the ground collateral damage range of the air defense missile according to the maximum scattering distance forward of the collateral damage range and the maximum scattering distance on both sides.

[0011] Preferably, in the method, it further includes:

[0012] Determine the minimum specific kinetic energy of a flying object that causes harm to a person, and calculate the maximum speed at which the warhead fragments of the missile cause harm to the human body according to the formula for solving the specific kinetic energy of the fragment:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, e s is the specific kinetic energy of the fragment, S is the windward area of the fragment, M is the mass, and V is the velocity;

[0015] According to the maximum speed at which the warhead fragments of the missile cause harm to the human body and the motion models of various types of fragments of the missile, solve for the safe detonation height of the missile.

[0016] Preferably, in the method, the analysis of the scattering laws of various types of fragments includes the following steps:

[0017] After the missile detonates, the types of fragments include warhead fragments and the missile engine, radar seeker, receiving transponder, and servo;

[0018] Among them, the warhead explodes into tens of thousands of fragments according to the preset slots and scatters at high speed in all directions at a determined scattering angle; the missile engine, radar seeker, receiving transponder, and servo have different initial scattering velocities due to the acceleration or deceleration of the explosion shock.

[0019] Preferably, in the method, the analysis of the motion characteristics of various types of fragments includes the following steps:

[0020] Estimate and obtain the windward area through a cylinder composed of the average sizes of various types of fragments;

[0021] Calculate the thrust acting on the unit area of the fragment by the explosion through the mass, cross-section, and initial velocity of the warhead fragment, combine the masses and cross-sections of other fragments to calculate the average acceleration of the explosion force, calculate the explosion action velocity according to an acceleration of 5 m, and synthesize the initial scattering velocity of the fragment with the missile flight velocity;

[0022] According to the fragment scattering range of the warhead being 30°, that is, the static scattering direction is 90°±15° in the lateral direction of the missile, and the dynamic scattering direction synthesized with the axial flight speed of the missile is 60°±15°; other various fragments fly and scatter along the axial direction under the action of the explosion force.

[0023] Preferably, in the method, a motion model of various fragments under the action of air resistance and gravity is constructed, including the following steps:

[0024] After the missile detonates at altitude H0, the fragments start to scatter at a certain scattering angle ε and initial velocity V0. The forces acting on the fragments are mainly the air resistance F in the motion direction r and the gravity G in the vertical direction; the fragments move in a parabolic-like motion in the air, and the horizontal distance L from the touchdown point to the detonation point is the scattering distance of the fragment;

[0025] Where:

[0026] According to the air resistance formula:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, F r is the air resistance, and the direction is opposite to the velocity vector; C is the air resistance coefficient. For fragments with a velocity of 0 - 7 Ma and a cubic shape, the resistance coefficient is 0.4 - 0.7; S is the frontal area of the fragment; V is the velocity; ρ is the air density, and the calculation formula is:

[0029] ρ = (1 - 2.032×10 -5 H) 4.83 ρ on

[0030] In the formula, ρ on is the ground air density of 1.29 Kg / m 3 ;

[0031] For a fragment with mass M, the horizontal acceleration component is generated by the horizontal component of the air resistance, and the vertical acceleration component is synthesized by the vertical component of the air resistance and the gravitational acceleration. The formula is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, a L is the horizontal acceleration component, a y is the vertical acceleration component, g is the gravitational acceleration, F r is the air resistance, and ε is the scattering angle of the fragment;

[0034] Iterate through each point of the fragment's trajectory at fixed time steps. The fragment uniformly accelerates from time T1 to time T2, with an interval of t. The velocity increments in the horizontal and vertical directions are:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, V L is the velocity increment in the horizontal direction, and V y is the velocity increment in the vertical direction;

[0037] According to the acceleration-displacement formula, iteratively accumulate the horizontal distance and vertical height of each point to obtain the maximum scattering distance L of a single fragment. Since the fragment moves in a parabolic-like motion in the air, the formula for calculating the maximum scattering distance of a single fragment is:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, H represents the vertical height, V L represents the velocity increment in the horizontal direction, V y represents the velocity increment in the vertical direction, and t represents the interval from time T1 to time T2 when the fragment uniformly accelerates.

[0040] Preferably, in the method, according to the motion models of various fragments, simulate the motion trajectories of various fragments, including the following steps:

[0041] Use MATLAB software to calculate the scattering laws of a single fragment under different conditions such as different heights and angles through a simulation algorithm for calculating the scattering distance of a single fragment, and obtain the motion curves of fragment scattering under different conditions;

[0042] Among them, the debris with the maximum scattering distance is the receiving transponder, so as to determine the maximum scattering distance in the forward direction of the collateral damage range of missiles detonating at different heights; the warhead fragments mainly scatter to the left and right, so as to determine the maximum scattering distances on both sides of the collateral damage range; there are fewer fragments distributed in the backward direction of the detonation point, and the scattering distance is shorter.

[0043] An air defense missile ground collateral damage range acquisition system, the system includes:

[0044] A processor;

[0045] A memory, on which a computer program that can run on the processor is stored;

[0046] Among them, when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the air defense missile ground collateral damage range acquisition method.

[0047] A computer-readable storage medium has a data processing program stored thereon. When the data processing program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile are implemented.

[0048] Advantages of the present invention:

[0049] The present invention proposes a method, system and medium for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile. Aiming at the ground collateral damage problem of third-generation air defense missiles, by studying the fragment dispersion law during the explosion of the missile warhead and analyzing the movement characteristics of the fragments in the air, an air movement model of missile fragments and wreckage and a physical model of fragment dispersion are established. According to multiple sub-problems in the model, solutions are obtained respectively. This method focuses on analyzing the dispersion distances of warhead fragments and wreckage of different parts under the combined action of gravity and air resistance. After comparing the simulated dispersion distances of fragments of different parts, conclusions are drawn, thereby simulating the ground collateral damage range and calculating the safe altitude of the missile encounter according to the kinetic energy of the fragments hitting the ground. It provides an idea for calculating ground collateral damage when air defense missile forces perform major event security tasks and urban air defense tasks. Description of the drawings

[0050] Figure 1 is the flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the air movement model of fragments in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 is the movement trajectory of warhead shrapnel when detonating at different heights in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 is the movement trajectory diagram of fragments of different parts moving at different dispersion angles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 is the dispersion distance of the engine wreckage in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 is the dispersion distance of the seeker wreckage in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 is the dispersion distance of the receiving transponder wreckage in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 is the dispersion distance of the servo wreckage in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 9 is the damage range of air defense missile fragments in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] This embodiment mainly studies the problem of ground collateral damage caused by missile fragments when the current mainstream third-generation air defense missiles shoot at targets. By establishing an air motion model of missile fragments and debris, the scattering distances of warhead fragments and debris in different parts under the combined action of gravity and air resistance are mainly analyzed, so as to simulate the ground collateral damage range, and calculate the safe altitude of the missile encounter according to the kinetic energy of the fragments hitting the ground. It provides an idea for calculating ground collateral damage when air defense missile forces perform major event security tasks and urban air defense tasks.

[0062] The present invention proposes a method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile. The flow chart is as Figure 1 shown, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] S1: Analyze the scattering laws and motion characteristics of various fragments after the current missile detonates at a certain altitude, and determine the scattering angles and initial velocities of various fragments when scattering.

[0064] S2: According to the scattering angles and initial velocities of various fragments when scattering, construct a motion model of various fragments under the action of air resistance and gravity.

[0065] S3: According to the motion models of various fragments, simulate the motion trajectories of various fragments, and determine that the scattering distance of the receiving transponder in the missile fragments is the maximum scattering distance in the forward direction of the collateral damage range, and the scattering distance of the warhead shrapnel in the missile fragments is the maximum scattering distance on both sides of the collateral damage range.

[0066] S4: Determine the ground collateral damage range of the air defense missile according to the maximum scattering distance in the forward direction and the maximum scattering distances on both sides of the collateral damage range.

[0067] S5: Determine the minimum specific kinetic energy of a flying object that causes harm to a person, and calculate the maximum speed of the warhead shrapnel of the missile causing harm to the human body according to the specific kinetic energy solving formula of the fragment:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, e s is the specific kinetic energy of the fragment, S is the windward area of the fragment, M is the mass, and V is the speed;

[0070] According to the maximum speed at which the shrapnel of the missile warhead causes harm to the human body and the motion models of various fragments of the missile, the safe detonation altitude of the missile is solved and obtained.

[0071] Specifically:

[0072] S1.1: Analyze the shrapnel dispersion law when the missile warhead explodes.

[0073] The terminal velocity of the third-generation air defense missile is generally about 1000 m / s (about 3 Ma). After the missile detonates, the warhead explodes into tens of thousands of shrapnel according to the preset slots and disperses at high speed in all directions with a certain dispersion angle. At the same time, the missile disintegrates due to the explosion, but some in-cabin equipment is relatively strong and will not disintegrate due to the explosion, such as the missile engine, radar seeker, receiving transponder, servo, etc. After the explosion, they still maintain a certain integrity and have a relatively large mass. Due to the acceleration or deceleration caused by the explosion shock, their initial dispersion velocities also show different values. As shown in Table 1, according to the characteristics of the third-generation air defense missile, the mass, quantity, initial velocity, and size of different types of missile shrapnel are set.

[0074] Table 1 Mass, size, and velocity of different types of shrapnel

[0075]

[0076] S1.2: Analyze the motion characteristics of the shrapnel in the air.

[0077] The motion characteristics of the shrapnel in the air are related to the characteristics of the shrapnel such as mass, size, and material. Combine Table 1 and the shrapnel characteristics to analyze the windward area, initial dispersion velocity, and dispersion direction of the shrapnel.

[0078] Windward area: When exploding, the warhead shrapnel is evenly distributed on a cylindrical wall. The shrapnel in a continuous part of the wall close to the ground may pose a threat to ground personnel. The equivalent windward area can be estimated according to the cylinder composed of the average size of the shrapnel.

[0079] Initial dispersion velocity: Since the mass, cross-section, and initial dispersion velocity of the warhead shrapnel are known, the thrust acting on the unit area of the shrapnel during the explosion can be deduced from this. Combining with the mass and cross-section of other shrapnel, the average acceleration of the explosion force can be calculated. Finally, the explosion action velocity is calculated according to an acceleration of 5 m, and the initial dispersion velocity of the shrapnel is synthesized with the missile flight velocity.

[0080] Dispersion direction: The dispersion range of the shrapnel is 30°, that is, the static dispersion direction is 90°±15° to the lateral direction of the missile (the axis forward is 0°), and the dynamic dispersion direction synthesized with the axial flight velocity of the missile is about 60°±15°. Other larger debris is mostly in the axial direction under the action of the explosion force, and the dispersion direction is also within a certain range along the axis.

[0081] S2.1: Construction of the motion model.

[0082] According to the scattering law and motion characteristics of fragments after the missile detonates, a single fragment is analyzed. After the missile detonates at altitude H0, the fragments start to scatter at a certain scattering angle ε and initial velocity V0. The forces acting on the fragments are mainly the air resistance F in the direction of motion r and the gravity G in the vertical direction. The fragments move in a parabolic-like motion in the air. The horizontal distance L from the touchdown point to the detonation point is the scattering distance of the fragment.

[0083] According to the air resistance formula:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, F r is the air resistance, and its direction is opposite to the velocity vector; C is the air resistance coefficient. For fragments with a velocity of 0 - 7 Ma and a cubic shape, the resistance coefficient is 0.4 - 0.7; S is the frontal area of the fragment; V is the velocity; ρ is the air density, and the calculation formula is:

[0086] ρ = (1 - 2.032×10 -5 H) 4.83 ρ on (1.2)

[0087] In the formula, ρ on is the ground air density of 1.29 Kg / m 3 ;

[0088] As Figure 2 shown, for a fragment with mass M, the horizontal acceleration component is generated by the horizontal component of the air resistance, and the vertical acceleration component is synthesized by the vertical component of the air resistance and the gravitational acceleration. The formula is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, a L is the horizontal acceleration component, a y is the vertical acceleration component, g is the gravitational acceleration, F r is the air resistance, and ε is the scattering angle of the fragment;

[0091] The motion trajectory of the fragment is iterated point by point at a fixed time step. The fragment uniformly accelerates from time T1 to time T2, and the time interval is t. The velocity increments in the horizontal and vertical directions are:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, V L is the velocity increment in the horizontal direction, and V y is the velocity increment in the vertical direction;

[0094] According to the acceleration-displacement formula, the horizontal distance and vertical height of each point are iteratively accumulated to obtain the maximum scattering distance L of a single fragment; since the fragment moves in a parabolic-like motion in the air, the calculation formula for the maximum scattering distance of a single fragment is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, H represents the vertical height, V L represents the velocity increment in the horizontal direction, V y represents the velocity increment in the vertical direction, and t represents the time interval for the fragment to uniformly accelerate from time T1 to time T2.

[0097] S3: Simulate the scattering distance and motion trajectory of missile fragments.

[0098] Establish a calculation model and method for the motion law of a single fragment. Using MATLAB software, through the simulation algorithm for calculating the scattering distance of a single fragment, calculate the scattering law of a single fragment under different conditions such as different heights and angles, obtain the motion curves of fragment scattering under different conditions, and further comprehensively statistically analyze all simulation data to obtain a calculation method for the collateral damage of fragments to the ground. The specific steps are as follows:

[0099] First, the iteration time step t is taken as 0.1 s. Input the parameters of various types of fragments in Table 1 respectively to obtain the scattering distance and motion trajectory of various types of fragments.

[0100] Secondly, simulate the fragments of the warhead. Take different heights of the missile-target encounter, which are 100 m, 200 m, 500 m, 1000 m, 2000 m, 3000 m, 5000 m, 8000 m, and 10000 m respectively. It is considered that the fragments moving horizontally along the missile axis scatter the farthest, and the scattering angle ε is taken as 0°. Then simulate the different scattering angles of the warhead fragments. The height of the missile-target encounter is taken as 5000 m, and the scattering angle ε of the fragments is taken as several typical values: 37° (the top fragments scatter forward), 0° (the side fragments scatter left and right), 45° (the side fragments scatter obliquely upward), -10° (the side fragments scatter obliquely downward).

[0101] Finally, simulate the motion trajectory of the missile component debris. The debris moves forward along the axis, and the scattering angle ε is taken as the grazing angle -10° of the missile. Use the mass M, frontal area S, and initial scattering velocity V0 of the debris such as the engine, seeker, transceiver, and servo in Table 1 for simulation to obtain their respective scattering distances in order to analyze the scope of missile collateral damage.

[0102] S4: Determine the scope of missile collateral damage.

[0103] Statistically analyze the simulation results. The debris with the largest scattering distance is the receiving transponder, and use this to determine the maximum forward scattering distance of the debris of missiles detonated at different altitudes before the collateral damage range. As the forward scattering direction of the debris increases, the initial scattering velocity decreases, and the scattering distance gradually decreases. The warhead fragments mainly scatter to the left and right, and use this to determine the maximum scattering distance on both sides of the collateral damage range. There are fewer fragments distributed backward from the detonation point, and the scattering distance is shorter. Therefore, the shape of the collateral damage range can be roughly depicted.

[0104] S5: Calculation of the safe altitude.

[0105] Regarding the problem of fragment lethality to humans, due to different concepts and focuses, there are also significant differences in lethality criteria. For example, when the United States conducts research in this area, the F-S formula proposed by F. Allen and J. Sperrazza is used the most. It takes into account the combat tasks of soldiers and the time from being injured to losing combat effectiveness. When a soldier cannot perform the predetermined task due to trauma, it is considered that he has been effectively killed. This method is not suitable for the study of the problem of fragment lethality to civilians. Relatively speaking, the traditional lethality criterion is defined by the degree of damage of fragments to the human body, such as penetrating the skin, the depth of penetration into the body, penetrating the abdominal cavity or thoracic cavity, etc., and uses the kinetic energy or specific kinetic energy when the fragment contacts the human body as the standard. This method is more suitable for the study of the problem of fragment lethality to civilians, and the penetration ability of fragments is mainly determined by the specific kinetic energy.

[0106] The safe altitude refers to the altitude at which there is no significant damage to ground personnel after the missile detonates. There are more than 10,000 warhead fragments of the third-generation air defense missile. When detonating, the probability of hitting ground personnel is much higher than that of other fragments. Therefore, the determination of the safe altitude should mainly consider the damage of the warhead fragments to ground personnel. Due to the small mass of the fragments, when detonating above a certain altitude, the impact velocity of the fragments hitting the ground will be reduced by air resistance to below the safe velocity. Even if hitting ground personnel at this velocity, it will not cause significant harm. According to the kinetic energy lethality specific kinetic energy formula:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, e s is the specific kinetic energy of the fragment, and S is the windward area of the fragment. The specific kinetic energy of a flying object causing harm to a person is generally greater than 127 J / cm 2 , and the velocity at which the warhead fragments of this missile cause harm to the human body can be calculated as 167 m / s. According to the missile fragment motion model, it can be calculated that when the detonation point altitude is greater than 600 m, the impact velocity of the fragments hitting the ground is less than 167 m / s. For other large-mass debris, regardless of the missile detonation altitude, the impact kinetic energy will be much greater than 127 J / cm 2, can cause harm to ground personnel, but the probability of hitting ground personnel is relatively much smaller. Therefore, in an emergency, when it is truly necessary to shoot at a target above a densely populated area, the detonation height should be controlled above 600m.

[0109] In this embodiment, the specific description of the method is as follows:

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] In this embodiment, the fragments of the air defense missile are simulated at different heights, specifically as follows:

[0113] (1) Warhead fragments

[0114] The engagement heights between the missile and the target are taken as 100m, 200m, 500m, 1000m, 2000m, 3000m, 5000m, 8000m, and 10000m respectively. At the same time, it is considered that the fragments moving horizontally along the missile axis fly the farthest, and the divergence angle ε of them is taken as 0°. The simulation results are as Figure 3 shown.

[0115] The engagement height between the missile and the target is taken as 5000m, and the divergence angles ε of the fragments are taken as several typical values: 37° (the top fragments fly forward), 0° (the side fragments fly left and right), 45° (the side fragments fly obliquely upward), -10° (the side fragments fly obliquely downward). The simulation results are as Figure 4 shown, (-10° red, blue 0°, green 37°, purple 45°)

[0116] (2) Missile component debris

[0117] Referring to the mass M, the windward area A, and the initial divergence velocity V0 of the debris such as the engine, seeker, transponder, and servo in Table 1, the debris moves forward along the axis, and the divergence angle ε is taken as the grazing angle -10° of the missile. The simulation results of the divergence distance of the engine debris are obtained respectively, as Figure 5 shown; the simulation results of the divergence distance of the seeker debris are as Figure 6 shown; the simulation results of the divergence distance of the transponder debris are as Figure 7 shown; the divergence distance of the servo debris is as Figure 8 shown.

[0118] (3) Statistical table of the maximum divergence distance of fragments at different heights

[0119] Table 2. Statistics of the maximum divergence distance of fragments at different heights

[0120]

[0121] After simulation, the damage range diagram is asFigure 9 as shown

[0122] In this embodiment, by establishing a missile fragment dispersion model, the dispersion distances of fragments of the warheads of third-generation air defense missiles and the debris of different parts under the combined action of gravity and air resistance are mainly analyzed. After comparing the dispersion distances of fragments of different parts obtained by simulation, a conclusion is drawn, and the ground collateral damage range of third-generation air defense missiles is simulated.

[0123] It can be seen from the dispersion curve graphs of warhead fragments at different heights and dispersion angles that the higher the detonation height, the farther the fragment dispersion distance, which is related to the low air density, small resistance, and long air retention time at high altitudes; after detonation, the fragments disperse at high speed. First, it is mainly horizontal movement, and it is significantly decelerated by air resistance. After the horizontal speed dissipates, it is basically mainly vertical movement; when the fragments disperse horizontally, the dispersion distance is the farthest.

[0124] Compare the movement trajectory diagrams of missile component debris. Although the engine debris has a large mass, it is decelerated by the explosive force after detonation. At the same time, it has a large volume and a large windward area, and the air resistance effect is obvious, so the dispersion distance is small; the seeker debris is accelerated by the explosive force, has a relatively large mass, but has a slightly larger windward area and air resistance, and generally has a relatively large dispersion distance; the receiving transponder debris is accelerated by the explosive force, has a small windward area and air resistance, and although it has a small mass, generally has a large dispersion distance; the servo mechanism debris is decelerated by the explosive force, has a small windward area and air resistance, and although it has a small mass, generally has a large dispersion distance.

[0125] According to the killing criterion of fragments on the human body, the safe height of the missile encounter is calculated according to the kinetic energy of the fragment hitting the ground. When it is indeed necessary to shoot at a target over a densely populated area in an emergency, the detonation height is controlled above the calculated safe height, providing a reference for the troops to perform urban air defense tasks.

[0126] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Analyze the scattering laws and motion characteristics of various fragments after the current missile detonates at a certain altitude, and determine the scattering angles and initial velocities of various fragments when they scatter; According to the scattering angles and initial velocities of various fragments when they scatter, construct the motion models of various fragments under the action of air resistance and gravity; According to the motion models of various fragments, simulate the motion trajectories of various fragments, and determine that the scattering distance of the receiving transponder in the missile fragments is the maximum scattering distance forward of the collateral damage range, and the scattering distance of the warhead fragments in the missile fragments is the maximum scattering distance on both sides of the collateral damage range; According to the maximum scattering distance forward of the collateral damage range and the maximum scattering distance on both sides, determine the ground collateral damage range of the air defense missile.

2. The method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile according to claim 1, characterized in that In the said method, it also includes: Determine the minimum specific kinetic energy of a flying object that causes harm to a person, and according to the formula for solving the specific kinetic energy of fragments, calculate the maximum speed at which the warhead fragments of the missile cause harm to the human body: where e s is the specific kinetic energy of the fragment, S is the windward area of the fragment, M is the mass, and V is the velocity; According to the maximum speed at which the warhead fragments of the missile cause harm to the human body, and the motion models of various fragments of the missile, solve for the safe detonation altitude of the missile.

3. The method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile according to claim 1, wherein In the said method, the analysis of the scattering laws of various fragments includes the following steps: After the missile detonates, the fragment types include warhead fragments, as well as the missile engine, radar seeker, receiving transponder, and steering gear; Among them, the warhead explodes into tens of thousands of fragments according to the preset slots and scatters at high speed in all directions at a determined scattering angle; the missile engine, radar seeker, receiving transponder, and steering gear have different initial scattering velocities due to the acceleration or deceleration caused by the explosion shock.

4. The method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile according to claim 1, characterized in that In the said method, the analysis of the motion characteristics of various fragments includes the following steps: Estimate and obtain the windward area through the cylinder composed of the average sizes of various fragments; Deduce the thrust acting on the unit area of the fragment by the explosion from the mass, cross-section, and initial velocity of the warhead fragment, combine the masses and cross-sections of other fragments to calculate the average acceleration of the explosion force, calculate the explosion action speed according to an acceleration of 5 meters, and synthesize the initial scattering velocity of the fragment with the missile flight speed; According to the scattering range of the warhead fragment being 30°, that is, the static scattering direction is 90°±15° in the transverse direction of the missile, and the dynamic scattering direction synthesized with the axial flight speed of the missile is 60°±15°; other various fragments scatter along the axial direction under the action of the explosion force.

5. The method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said method, constructing the motion models of various fragments under the action of air resistance and gravity includes the following steps: After the missile detonates at altitude H0, the fragments start to disperse at a certain dispersion angle ε and initial velocity V0. The forces acting on the fragments are mainly the air resistance F in the direction of motion r and the gravity G in the vertical direction; the fragments move in a parabolic-like motion in the air, and the horizontal distance L from the touchdown point to the detonation point is the dispersion distance of the fragment. Wherein: According to the air resistance formula: Where F r is the air resistance, and its direction is opposite to the velocity vector; C is the air resistance coefficient. For fragments with a velocity of 0 - 7 Ma and a cubic shape, the resistance coefficient is 0.4 - 0.7; S is the windward area of the fragment; V is the velocity; ρ is the air density, and its calculation formula is: ρ = (1 - 2.032×10 -5 H) 4.83 ρ on where ρ on is the ground air density of 1.29 Kg / m 3 ; For a fragment with mass M, the horizontal acceleration component is generated by the horizontal component of the air resistance, and the vertical acceleration component is synthesized by the vertical component of the air resistance and the gravitational acceleration. The formula is as follows: Where a L is the horizontal acceleration component, a y is the vertical acceleration component, g is the gravitational acceleration, F r is the air resistance, and ε is the dispersion angle of the fragments; Iterate each point of the motion trajectory of the fragment at a fixed time step. The fragment uniformly accelerates from time T1 to time T2, and the time interval is t. The velocity increments in the horizontal and vertical directions are: Wherein, V L is the velocity increment in the horizontal direction, and V y is the velocity increment in the vertical direction; According to the acceleration displacement formula, iterate and accumulate the horizontal distance and vertical height of each point to obtain the maximum scattering distance L of a single fragment; since the fragment moves in a parabolic-like motion in the air, the formula for calculating the maximum scattering distance of a single fragment is: Where H represents the vertical height, V L represents the velocity increment in the horizontal direction, V y represents the velocity increment in the vertical direction, and t represents the interval time during which the fragment uniformly accelerates from time T1 to time T2.

6. The method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile according to claim 1, wherein In the method, according to the motion models of various fragments, the motion trajectories of various fragments are simulated, including the following steps: Using MATLAB software, through the simulation algorithm for calculating the scattering distance of a single fragment, calculate the scattering law of a single fragment under different conditions such as different heights and angles, and obtain the motion curve of fragment scattering under different conditions; Among them, the wreckage with the largest scattering distance is the receiving transponder, so as to determine the maximum forward scattering distance of the missile detonated at different heights before the collateral damage range; the warhead shrapnel mainly scatters to the left and right, so as to determine the maximum scattering distances on both sides of the collateral damage range; the distribution of fragments behind the detonation point is less and the scattering distance is shorter.

7. An air defense missile ground collateral damage range acquisition system, characterized in that The system includes: A processor; A memory, on which a computer program that can run on the processor is stored; Wherein, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A data processing program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the data processing program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method for obtaining the ground collateral damage range of an air defense missile as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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