Intelligent vehicle power adapter control system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent vehicle power adapter control system and method, including real-time monitoring of bus voltage and determination of fluctuation range, calculation of voltage regulation coefficient to form a dynamic adjustment trajectory, adjustment of power switch conduction time based on the trajectory and calculation of error, correction of trajectory-controlled voltage change rate, and monitoring of power fluctuations after switching to restore the initial mode, ensuring smooth mode switching and reducing power oscillation. By real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of bus voltage and current parameters, voltage and current stability is maintained during mode switching, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the system. Especially during rapid mode switching, it can ensure that the voltage change rate is maintained within a preset safe range, greatly reducing the risk of power oscillation and enhancing the stability and safety of the system. It can effectively reduce the power oscillation problem caused by sudden changes in bus voltage due to mode switching without significantly increasing system complexity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vehicle power technology, specifically relating to an intelligent vehicle power adapter control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the current field of automotive power adapters, traditional control methods typically rely on fixed voltage conversion ratios or simple switching cycle adjustments to achieve switching between different modes, such as switching from charging mode to voltage conversion mode. While this approach can meet basic application requirements, sudden changes in bus voltage during rapid switching can easily lead to power oscillations. Specifically, when the system needs to switch from one operating mode to another in a short period of time, sudden changes in bus voltage can cause instability in current and voltage, thereby affecting the stability and efficiency of the entire system.

[0003] In existing technologies, this problem is typically addressed by adding extra hardware filters or smoothing the output using software algorithms. However, these solutions often increase system complexity and cost, and have limitations in dynamic response speed, making it difficult to simultaneously ensure system stability and fast response capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent vehicle power adapter control system and method, which can effectively reduce the power oscillation problem caused by bus voltage fluctuations due to mode switching without significantly increasing system complexity.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a smart vehicle power adapter control method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Real-time acquisition of bus voltage data and determination of the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode; calculation of the voltage regulation coefficient for the transition phase based on the difference between the allowable range and the target mode bus voltage; association of the voltage regulation coefficient with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory; before mode switching, at a preset time, gradually adjusting the conduction time of the power switch to the target value according to the dynamic regulation trajectory, simultaneously collecting the peak bus current during the adjustment period and calculating the error between the actual compensation and the target value; correcting the slope parameter of the dynamic regulation trajectory based on the error, and using the corrected dynamic regulation trajectory to control the switch conduction sequence, so that the bus voltage change rate is maintained within a preset gradient threshold; after switching, continuous monitoring of output power fluctuations, and restoration of the initial control mode when the fluctuation amplitude of a consecutive preset number of sampling points is lower than the threshold.

[0007] Preferably, the step of acquiring bus voltage data in real time and determining the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode includes:

[0008] The bus voltage value U_bus is read by a voltage sensor, and the average voltage value U_avg is calculated based on the U_bus using the formula U_avg=(1 / N)∑_(i=1)^NU_bus(i), where N is the total number of samples.

[0009] The allowable voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max] is determined based on U_avg, where U_min = U_avg(1-delta), U_max = U_avg*(1+delta), and delta is a preset fluctuation percentage.

[0010] Preferably, the step of calculating the voltage regulation coefficient for the transition phase based on the difference between the allowable range and the target mode bus voltage includes:

[0011] Obtain the allowable voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max], and record the bus voltage U_target in the target mode;

[0012] Based on U_min, U_max and U_target, calculate the voltage difference D_U = U_target - (U_min + U_max) / 2 to quantify the voltage difference between the current mode and the target mode;

[0013] The voltage regulation coefficient K_reg is calculated using the formula K_reg=(D_U^2) / (U_targetabs(D_U)+1) based on the given D_U.

[0014] Multiplying K_reg by the preset base adjustment parameter P_base yields the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final = K_regP_base.

[0015] Preferably, the voltage regulation coefficient is correlated with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory, including:

[0016] Obtain the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final and determine the preset switching cycle Tw. Based on K_final and Tw, calculate the ideal voltage regulation amount D_U_cycle = K_final / Tw in each cycle.

[0017] The dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t) that varies with time is constructed using the D_U_cycle, and the formula is U_traj(t)=U_initial+sum_(i=1)^tD_U_cycle, where U_initial is the initial voltage value.

[0018] Preferably, the step of gradually adjusting the on-time of the power switch to the target value according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory before the mode switch is preset to include:

[0019] The preset preparation time Tp_prep before mode switching is set based on the dynamically adjusted trajectory U_traj(t);

[0020] Based on Tp_prep and U_traj(t), calculate the rate of change of voltage per unit time Rate_U=U_traj(Tp_prep)-U_traj(0) / Tp_prep;

[0021] The required on-time increment Dt_on = (Rate_U * Tw) / U_bus is determined using Rate_U in each switching cycle; during Tp_prep, the on-time of the power switch is gradually adjusted according to Dt_on until the target value is reached.

[0022] Preferably, the step of synchronously acquiring the peak value of the bus current during the adjustment period and calculating the error between the actual compensation amount and the target value includes:

[0023] During the gradual adjustment of the power switch on-time, the peak bus current I_peak is monitored and recorded in real time by a current sensor.

[0024] Based on I_peak and the preset target current value I_target, calculate the actual compensation amount Comp_real = I_peak - I_target in each cycle;

[0025] The error value Err is calculated by correlating the Comp_real with the voltage change value D_U_cycle in the dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t).

[0026] Preferably, correcting the slope parameter of the dynamic adjustment trajectory based on the error includes:

[0027] Obtain the error value Err and determine the initial dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_init. Based on Err and S_init, calculate the slope adjustment amount DS = Err * S_init.

[0028] The slope of the dynamically adjusted trajectory is updated using the DS, and the new slope S_new = S_init + DS.

[0029] Preferably, the step of using the modified dynamic adjustment trajectory to control the switch conduction timing to maintain the bus voltage change rate within a preset gradient threshold includes:

[0030] Obtain the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_new, and set the preset bus voltage change rate gradient threshold R_th;

[0031] Based on S_new and R_th, calculate the maximum allowable voltage change D_U_max = R_thTw in each switching cycle;

[0032] Update the target voltage adjustment amount in each cycle using the D_U_max: D_U_cycle_new = D_U_maxU_bus / U_target;

[0033] In each switching cycle, the on-time Ton of the power switch is dynamically adjusted according to D_U_cycle_new, where Ton = Ton + D_U_cycle_new / S_new.

[0034] Preferably, the step of continuously monitoring output power fluctuations after switching, and restoring the initial control mode when the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than a threshold, includes:

[0035] After the mode switch is completed, a preset quantity Ns and a fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th are set, and the output power P_out is periodically collected.

[0036] Based on the P_out, calculate the power change DP = |P_out(t) - P_out(t-1)| between each sampling point and the previous sampling point;

[0037] Statistically count all DP values ​​in N consecutive sampling points, and calculate the average fluctuation amplitude of these values ​​Avg_DP=(1 / Ns)*∑_(i=1)^NsDP(i);

[0038] Determine whether Avg_DP is less than the fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th. If so, the system is considered to be stable and restored to the initial control mode.

[0039] On the other hand, the present invention proposes an intelligent vehicle power adapter control system, comprising:

[0040] The fluctuation range determination module is used to acquire bus voltage data in real time and determine the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode.

[0041] The dynamic trajectory generation module is used to calculate the voltage regulation coefficient of the transition stage based on the difference between the allowable interval and the target mode bus voltage, and associate the voltage regulation coefficient with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory.

[0042] The current compensation error calculation module is used to gradually adjust the conduction time of the power switch to the target value according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory at a preset time before mode switching, and simultaneously collect the peak value of the bus current during the adjustment period and calculate the error between the actual compensation amount and the target value.

[0043] The voltage change rate control module is used to correct the slope parameter of the dynamic adjustment trajectory according to the error, and use the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory to control the switch conduction timing so that the bus voltage change rate is maintained within a preset gradient threshold.

[0044] The initial mode recovery module is used to continuously monitor output power fluctuations after switching. When the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than the threshold, the initial control mode is restored.

[0045] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The intelligent vehicle power adapter control system and method proposed in this invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0046] This invention achieves voltage and current stability during mode switching by real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of bus voltage and current parameters, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the system. In particular, during rapid mode switching, it can ensure that the voltage change rate is maintained within a preset safe range, greatly reducing the risk of power oscillation and enhancing the stability and safety of the system. It can effectively reduce the power oscillation problem caused by sudden changes in bus voltage due to mode switching without significantly increasing the system complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a smart vehicle power adapter control method according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of an intelligent vehicle power adapter control system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] This invention provides, for example Figure 1The intelligent vehicle power adapter control method shown herein achieves voltage and current stability during mode switching by real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of bus voltage and current parameters, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the system. In particular, during rapid mode switching, it can ensure that the voltage change rate is maintained within a preset safe range, greatly reducing the risk of power oscillation and enhancing the stability and safety of the system. It can effectively reduce the power oscillation problem caused by sudden changes in bus voltage due to mode switching without significantly increasing the system complexity.

[0051] Specifically, the intelligent vehicle power adapter control method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Acquire bus voltage data in real time and determine the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode; specifically including:

[0053] A high-precision voltage sensor is used to periodically read the bus voltage value of the vehicle power adapter, with a reading interval of Ts (e.g., once every millisecond). This step ensures that instantaneous changes in the bus voltage can be captured, providing an accurate data basis for subsequent calculations. Based on the U_bus, the average voltage value U_avg is calculated using the formula U_avg=(1 / N)∑_(i=1)^N*U_bus(i), where N is the total number of samples. The calculated U_avg serves as the benchmark for determining the voltage fluctuation range in subsequent steps, improving the accuracy of judging the system voltage state.

[0054] The permissible voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max] is determined based on U_avg, where U_min = U_avg(1-delta), U_max = U_avg*(1+delta), and delta is a preset fluctuation percentage. These two formulas calculate the minimum permissible voltage (U_min) and the maximum permissible voltage (U_max), respectively. They are based on the average voltage value U_avg and take into account a certain tolerance range (delta) to ensure that the voltage does not exceed the safety limits under normal operating conditions.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Assuming the total number of samples N is set to 100 and the reading interval Ts is 1ms, a series of U_bus values ​​are obtained after a period of collection.

[0057] First, the average voltage value U_avg is calculated using the formula U_avg = (1 / 100)∑_(i=1)^100*U_bus(i). Next, assuming a preset fluctuation percentage delta of 0.05 (i.e., 5%), the allowable voltage fluctuation range is determined using the formulas U_min = U_avg(1-0.05) and U_max = U_avg*(1+0.05). This yields a specific voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max], used to monitor and ensure the stable operation of the vehicle power adapter.

[0058] Step 2: Calculate the voltage regulation coefficient for the transition phase based on the difference between the allowable range and the target mode bus voltage; specifically including:

[0059] Obtain the allowable voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max] and record the bus voltage U_target in the target mode; based on U_min, U_max and U_target, calculate the voltage difference D_U = U_target - (U_min + U_max) / 2 to quantify the voltage difference between the current mode and the target mode; here (U_min + U_max) / 2 represents the center point of the voltage in the current mode, while D_U represents the difference between the center point of the target voltage and the voltage in the current mode.

[0060] The voltage regulation coefficient K_reg is calculated using the formula K_reg = (D_U^2) / (U_targetabs(D_U)+1), where abs(D_U) represents the absolute value of D_U. This formula is used to calculate a regulation coefficient K_reg based on the voltage difference D_U, taking into account the influence of the target voltage, and avoids division by zero errors by adding 1 in the denominator. This coefficient will be used in subsequent steps to combine with other parameters to form the final regulation coefficient.

[0061] Multiplying K_reg by the preset base adjustment parameter P_base yields the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final = K_regP_base. This step, by combining a specific base adjustment parameter P_base (which can be adjusted according to the specific application scenario), further refines the voltage regulation strategy, ensuring it is both flexible and stable.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Assuming there is a voltage fluctuation allowable range [U_min, U_max] = [10V, 14V], the bus voltage U_target in the target mode is 15V.

[0064] First, use the formula:

[0065] The voltage difference D_U can be calculated by using the formula: D_U = U_target - (U_min + U_max) / 2 = 15 - (10 + 14) / 2 = 15 - 12 = 3V.

[0066] Then, based on the D_U value, use the formula:

[0067] The voltage regulation coefficient K_reg is calculated using the formula K_reg = (D_U^2) / (U_targetabs(D_U)+1) = (3^2) / (153+1) = 9 / 46 = 0.196.

[0068] Finally, if the preset base adjustment parameter P_base is 10, then the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final = K_regP_base = 0.19610 = 1.96. This yields the voltage regulation coefficient K_final suitable for the transition phase, ensuring a smooth switch from the current mode to the target mode.

[0069] Step 3: Associate the voltage regulation coefficient with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory; specifically including:

[0070] Obtain the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final and determine the preset switching cycle Tw (e.g., one switching cycle every 50 microseconds). Based on K_final and Tw, calculate the ideal voltage adjustment amount D_U_cycle = K_final / Tw in each cycle. Here, K_final is the voltage regulation coefficient obtained in step two. This formula calculates the voltage value that needs to be adjusted in each cycle by dividing the voltage regulation coefficient by the switching cycle, ensuring that the voltage change is smooth and continuous throughout the entire conversion process.

[0071] The aforementioned D_U_cycle is used to construct a dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t) that varies over time, with the formula U_traj(t) = U_initial + sum_(i=1)^t * D_U_cycle, where U_initial is the initial voltage value. U_initial represents the initial voltage value, and t represents the number of cycles since the start of mode switching. This formula accumulates the voltage adjustment within each cycle to gradually construct a voltage trajectory that varies over time, allowing the voltage to gradually approach the target voltage value along a predetermined path.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Assuming a final voltage regulation factor K_final = 1.96 and a preset switching cycle Tw of 50 microseconds, the ideal voltage adjustment D_U_cycle per cycle is first calculated using the formula D_U_cycle = K_final / Tw = 1.96 / (50*10^-6) = 39200V / s. This means that the voltage should be adjusted by 39.2 millivolts every 50 microseconds.

[0074] Next, a dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t) is constructed that varies over time. Assuming the initial voltage U_initial is 12V, after the first cycle, U_traj(1) = U_initial + D_U_cycleTw = 12 + 39.20.05 = 12.00392V. Continuing this process, for the nth cycle, U_traj(n) = U_initial + sum_(i=1)^nD_U_cycle*Tw. Thus, as time progresses, the voltage gradually approaches the target voltage value, ensuring a smooth voltage transition throughout the entire conversion process.

[0075] Through the above steps, not only is the ideal voltage adjustment amount calculated in each switching cycle, but a dynamic adjustment trajectory that changes over time is also constructed, thereby achieving a smooth voltage transition and enhancing the system's stability and response speed.

[0076] Step 4: Before mode switching, adjust the on-time of the power switch to the target value gradually according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory within a preset time; specifically including:

[0077] The preset preparation time Tp_prep (e.g., 5 milliseconds) before mode switching is set based on the dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t); this time period is used to perform necessary voltage adjustments before the actual mode switching to ensure a smooth transition.

[0078] Based on Tp_prep and U_traj(t), the voltage change rate per unit time is calculated as Rate_U = U_traj(Tp_prep) - U_traj(0) / Tp_prep; U_traj(Tp_prep) is the voltage value at the end of the preset preparation time, while U_traj(0) is the voltage value at the beginning. This formula calculates the rate of change from the current voltage value to the target voltage value, helping to understand how the voltage should change throughout the preset preparation time to achieve a smooth transition.

[0079] The required on-time increment, Dt_on = (Rate_U * Tw) / U_bus, is determined using Rate_U for each switching cycle. During Tp_prep, the on-time of the power switch is gradually adjusted according to Dt_on until the target value is reached. U_bus represents the current bus voltage value. This formula, by combining the voltage change rate and the switching cycle, calculates the required on-time increment for each switching cycle, thereby achieving precise voltage control.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Assume a preset preparation time Tp_prep of 5 milliseconds, an initial voltage U_initial of 12V, and a target voltage U_target of 15V.

[0082] First, construct the dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t) and calculate U_traj(0) = 12V and U_traj(5ms) = 15V.

[0083] Next, use the formula:

[0084] Rate_U = (U_traj(Tp_prep) - U_traj(0)) / Tp_prep = (15-12) / (5*10^-3) = 600V / s is used to calculate the rate of change of voltage per unit time.

[0085] Next, assuming the switching cycle Tw is 50 microseconds and the current bus voltage U_bus is 12V, the formula Dt_on=(Rate_UTw) / U_bus=(60050*10^-6) / 12=0.0025 seconds (i.e. 2.5 milliseconds) is used to calculate the conduction time increment Dt_on that needs to be adjusted in each switching cycle.

[0086] Finally, within a preset preparation time of 5 milliseconds, the on-time of the power switch is gradually adjusted according to the calculated Dt_on. For example, after the first cycle, the on-time will increase by 2.5 milliseconds, and the voltage will be adjusted accordingly. This process is repeated until the voltage gradually approaches the target value of 15V. This method achieves a smooth voltage transition, reduces fluctuations that may occur during mode switching, and improves system stability and efficiency.

[0087] Step 5: Synchronously collect the peak bus current during the adjustment period and calculate the error between the actual compensation and the target value; specifically including:

[0088] During the gradual adjustment of the power switch on-time, the peak bus current I_peak is monitored and recorded in real time using a current sensor; this step ensures that the maximum current fluctuations can be captured, providing accurate data for subsequent calculations.

[0089] Based on I_peak and the preset target current value I_target, the actual compensation amount Comp_real = I_peak - I_target is calculated for each cycle; here, I_peak is the peak value of the bus current obtained in the previous step, and I_target is the preset target current value. This formula is used to quantify the difference between the actual peak current value and the target current value, helping to assess whether the current state of the system deviates from expectations, thus providing a basis for subsequent adjustments.

[0090] The error value Err is calculated by correlating Comp_real with the voltage change value D_U_cycle in the dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t) to the formula Comp_real / (D_U_cycle / U_bus). This formula calculates a comprehensive error value Err by correlating the actual compensation amount with the voltage change value, which reflects the proportional relationship between the current compensation requirement and the voltage change.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] Assume a target current value I_target is 10A, and the peak bus current I_peak monitored in a certain period is 11A. First, use the formula Comp_real = I_peak - I_target = 11 - 10 = 1A to calculate the actual compensation amount Comp_real.

[0093] Next, assuming the voltage change value D_U_cycle obtained from step three is 39.2 millivolts (i.e., the amount of voltage adjustment that should be made in each switching cycle), and the current bus voltage U_bus is 12V, then the error value Err is calculated using the formula Err = Comp_real / (D_U_cycle / U_bus) = 1 / (39.2*10^-3 / 12) = 1 / (0.003267) = 306.12.

[0094] This general implementation demonstrates how to compare the actual measured peak current with the target current value, calculate the actual compensation amount, correlate it with the voltage change value, and ultimately derive the error value. This process not only helps understand the specific impact of current fluctuations on voltage regulation but also provides the direction and magnitude of the adjustment.

[0095] Step Six: Correct the slope parameter of the dynamic adjustment trajectory based on the error; specifically including:

[0096] Obtain the error value Err and determine the initial dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_init. For example, assume the initial slope is S_init = 0.5 (the ratio of voltage adjustment per cycle to time).

[0097] Based on Err and S_init, the slope adjustment amount DS = Err * S_init is calculated; here, Err is the error value obtained from the previous step, and S_init is the initially set slope of the dynamic adjustment trajectory. This formula calculates the slope increment DS that needs to be adjusted by multiplying the error value by the initial slope. This helps to quantify the degree of influence of the error on the original adjustment trajectory slope, enabling dynamic adjustments based on actual operating conditions.

[0098] The slope of the dynamic adjustment trajectory is updated using the aforementioned DS, with the new slope S_new = S_init + DS. Here, S_new represents the updated slope value, reflecting the slope adjusted based on the current error. This formula obtains a new slope value by adding the slope adjustment amount to the original slope, which is used to construct a dynamic adjustment trajectory that better reflects the actual situation, thereby achieving more precise voltage control.

[0099] Example 6

[0100] Assuming an error value Err of 306.12 (derived from step five), and an initial dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_init of 0.5, the slope adjustment amount DS is first calculated using the formula DS = Err * S_init = 306.12 * 0.5 = 153.06.

[0101] Next, the slope of the dynamically adjusted trajectory is updated using the formula S_new = S_init + DS = 0.5 + 153.06 = 153.56. This means that the new slope S_new is 153.56, a significant adjustment compared to the initial slope.

[0102] This general implementation demonstrates how to calculate the required slope change based on the error value and apply it to the slope update of the dynamic adjustment trajectory. This process not only helps to dynamically adjust the slope of the adjustment trajectory based on the real-time monitored error but also ensures that the voltage smoothly transitions along the optimized path throughout the entire conversion process, improving system stability and efficiency. Specifically, by adjusting the slope parameter, the system can respond more quickly to the effects of current fluctuations, ensuring that the voltage remains stable and smooth during mode switching.

[0103] Step 7: Utilize the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory to control the switch conduction timing, maintaining the bus voltage change rate within a preset gradient threshold; specifically including:

[0104] Obtain the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_new (e.g., 153.56), and set the preset bus voltage change rate gradient threshold R_th (e.g., 2 volts per second);

[0105] Based on S_new and R_th, the maximum allowable voltage change in each switching cycle is calculated as D_U_max = R_thTw; where R_th is a preset bus voltage change rate gradient threshold, and Tw is the switching cycle (e.g., 50 microseconds). This formula calculates the maximum allowable voltage change in each cycle by multiplying the preset voltage change rate by the switching cycle, ensuring that the voltage change rate does not exceed the set safety range.

[0106] The target voltage adjustment amount in each cycle is updated using the formula D_U_cycle_new = D_U_maxU_bus / U_target. This formula calculates the new target voltage adjustment amount by combining the maximum allowable voltage change with the ratio of the current bus voltage to the target voltage, so that the voltage can gradually approach the target value in each cycle.

[0107] In each switching cycle, the on-time Ton of the power switch is dynamically adjusted according to D_U_cycle_new = Ton + D_U_cycle_new / S_new. This formula calculates the required on-time increment by accumulating the target voltage adjustment amount in each cycle and dividing it by the corrected slope S_new, thereby achieving fine control of the voltage.

[0108] Example 7

[0109] Assume the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_new is 153.56, the preset bus voltage change rate gradient threshold R_th is 2V / s, the switching period Tw is 50 microseconds, the current bus voltage U_bus is 12V, and the target voltage U_target is 15V.

[0110] First, the maximum allowable voltage change D_U_max within each switching cycle is calculated using the formula D_U_max=R_thTw=2(50*10^-6)=0.0001V.

[0111] Next, use the formula:

[0112] The target voltage adjustment D_U_cycle_new is updated by setting D_U_maxU_bus / U_target = 0.000112 / 15 = 0.00008V for each cycle.

[0113] Finally, in each switching cycle, the on-time of the power switch is dynamically adjusted using the formula Ton = Ton + D_U_cycle_new / S_new. Assuming the initial on-time is Ton = 0, the on-time after the first cycle is Ton = 0 + 0.00008 / 153.56 = 5.21 * 10^-7 seconds.

[0114] This general embodiment demonstrates how to calculate the maximum voltage change in each cycle based on the corrected slope parameters and a preset voltage change rate gradient threshold, further calculate the target voltage adjustment, and ultimately dynamically adjust the on-time of the power switch. This process not only helps ensure that the voltage change rate remains within a safe range but also achieves a smooth voltage transition, improving system stability and efficiency.

[0115] Step 8: After switching, continuously monitor output power fluctuations. When the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than the threshold, restore the initial control mode; specifically including:

[0116] After the mode switch is completed, a preset number Ns (e.g., 10 consecutive sampling points) and a fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th (e.g., 0.5 watts) are set, and the output power P_out is periodically sampled. By setting a reasonable number of samples and fluctuation amplitude threshold, the stability of the system can be effectively monitored after the mode switch, and the initial control mode can be restored after the system reaches the expected stable state.

[0117] Based on P_out, the power change DP = |P_out(t) - P_out(t-1)| between each sampling point and the previous sampling point is calculated; here, P_out(t) represents the output power of the current sampling point, and P_out(t-1) represents the output power of the previous sampling point. This formula quantifies the power change by calculating the absolute difference in output power between two adjacent sampling points, helping to assess whether the system tends to stabilize.

[0118] The formula calculates the average fluctuation amplitude Avg_DP = (1 / Ns)*∑_(i=1)^NsDP(i) over Ns consecutive sampling points, where Ns is the preset number of sampling points and DP(i) is the power change value at the i-th sampling point. This formula provides an indicator of the overall system fluctuation by averaging the power change values ​​across multiple sampling points, which helps determine whether the system has reached a stable state.

[0119] The system determines whether Avg_DP is less than the fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th. If so, the system is considered stable and returns to the initial control mode. If Avg_DP is less than A_th, the system is considered stable and can return to the initial control mode; otherwise, the current monitoring state is maintained until the condition is met. This step compares the average fluctuation amplitude with the threshold to determine whether to return to the initial control mode, ensuring that the system resumes normal operation only when it is fully stable, avoiding instability caused by premature recovery.

[0120] Example 8

[0121] Assuming a preset number Ns of 10 consecutive sampling points and a fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th of 0.5 watts, the output power P_out is periodically sampled, resulting in the following set of example data:

[0122] P_out(1)=10W, P_out(2)=10.1W, P_out(3)=9.9W, P_out(4)=10W, P_out(5)

[0123] =10.2W;

[0124] P_out(6)=10.1W, P_out(7)=10W, P_out(8)=9.9W, P_out(9)=10.1W, P_out(10)=10W;

[0125] Next, the power change between each sampling point is calculated using the formula DP=|P_out(t)-P_out(t-1)|:

[0126] DP(2)=|10.1-10|=0.1W, DP(3)=|9.9-10.1|=0.2W, DP(4)=|10-9.9|=0.1W;

[0127] DP(5)=|10.2-10|=0.2W, DP(6)=|10.1-10.2|=0.1W, DP(7)=|10-10.1|=0.1W;

[0128] DP(8)=|9.9-10|=0.1W, DP(9)=|10.1-9.9|=0.2W, DP(10)=|10-10.1|=0.1W.

[0129] Then, the average fluctuation amplitude is calculated using the formula Avg_DP=(1 / Ns)*∑_(i=1)^NsDP(i):

[0130] Avg_DP=(0.1+0.2+0.1+0.2+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.2+0.1) / 10=0.12W.

[0131] Finally, Avg_DP is compared with the fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th. Since 0.12W < 0.5W, the system is considered to be stable and can be restored to the initial control mode.

[0132] This example demonstrates how to monitor output power fluctuations in real time after mode switching, calculate the power change between each sampling point, and determine system stability by calculating the average fluctuation amplitude. This process not only helps ensure the system returns to its initial control mode only after it has fully stabilized but also improves system reliability and safety. Specifically, through dynamic adjustment and monitoring, the system can quickly reach a stable state after mode switching, reducing unnecessary fluctuations and potential risks.

[0133] On the other hand, this invention proposes an intelligent vehicle power adapter control system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0134] The fluctuation range determination module is used to acquire bus voltage data in real time and determine the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode.

[0135] The dynamic trajectory generation module is used to calculate the voltage regulation coefficient of the transition stage based on the difference between the allowable interval and the target mode bus voltage, and associate the voltage regulation coefficient with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory.

[0136] The current compensation error calculation module is used to gradually adjust the conduction time of the power switch to the target value according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory at a preset time before mode switching, and simultaneously collect the peak value of the bus current during the adjustment period and calculate the error between the actual compensation amount and the target value.

[0137] The voltage change rate control module is used to correct the slope parameter of the dynamic adjustment trajectory according to the error, and use the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory to control the switch conduction timing so that the bus voltage change rate is maintained within a preset gradient threshold.

[0138] The initial mode recovery module is used to continuously monitor output power fluctuations after switching. When the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than the threshold, the initial control mode is restored.

[0139] In addition, the above-mentioned modules are also used to implement other steps of the above-mentioned intelligent vehicle power adapter control method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0140] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling an intelligent vehicle power adapter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Real-time acquisition of bus voltage data and determination of the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode specifically includes: reading the bus voltage value U_bus through a voltage sensor; calculating the average voltage value U_avg based on U_bus using the formula U_avg=(1 / N)∑_(i=1)^N*U_bus(i), where N is the total number of samples; determining the allowable voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max] based on U_avg, where U_min=U_avg(1-delta), U_max=U_avg*(1+delta), and delta is a preset fluctuation percentage; The voltage regulation coefficient for the transition phase is calculated based on the difference between the allowable range and the target mode bus voltage. Specifically, this includes: obtaining the allowable voltage fluctuation range [U_min, U_max] and recording the bus voltage U_target under the target mode; calculating the voltage difference D_U = U_target - (U_min + U_max) / 2 based on U_min, U_max, and U_target to quantify the voltage difference between the current mode and the target mode; calculating the voltage regulation coefficient K_reg using the formula K_reg = (D_U^2) / (U_targetabs(D_U) + 1) using the formula D_U; and multiplying K_reg by the preset base regulation parameter P_base to obtain the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final = K_regP_base. The process of associating the voltage regulation coefficient with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory specifically includes: obtaining the final voltage regulation coefficient K_final and determining the preset switching cycle Tw; calculating the ideal voltage adjustment amount D_U_cycle=K_final / Tw in each cycle based on K_final and Tw; and using D_U_cycle to construct a dynamic regulation trajectory U_traj(t) that varies with time, with the formula U_traj(t)=U_initial+sum_(i=1)^t*D_U_cycle, where U_initial is the initial voltage value. Before mode switching, the on-time of the power switch is gradually adjusted to the target value according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory at a preset time. The peak value of the bus current during the adjustment period is collected simultaneously and the error between the actual compensation amount and the target value is calculated. The slope parameter of the dynamic adjustment trajectory is corrected according to the error, and the switching timing is controlled by the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory to keep the bus voltage change rate within the preset gradient threshold. After switching, the output power fluctuation is continuously monitored. When the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than the threshold, the initial control mode is restored.

2. The intelligent vehicle power adapter control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of gradually adjusting the on-time of the power switch to the target value according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory before the mode switch is preset to a predetermined time includes: The preset preparation time Tp_prep before mode switching is set based on the dynamically adjusted trajectory U_traj(t); Based on Tp_prep and U_traj(t), calculate the rate of change of voltage per unit time Rate_U=U_traj(Tp_prep)-U_traj(0) / Tp_prep; The required on-time increment Dt_on = (Rate_U * Tw) / U_bus is determined using Rate_U in each switching cycle; during Tp_prep, the on-time of the power switch is gradually adjusted according to Dt_on until the target value is reached.

3. The intelligent vehicle power adapter control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The synchronous acquisition and adjustment of the bus current peak value during the adjustment period and the calculation of the error between the actual compensation amount and the target value include: During the gradual adjustment of the power switch on-time, the peak bus current I_peak is monitored and recorded in real time by a current sensor. Based on I_peak and the preset target current value I_target, calculate the actual compensation amount Comp_real = I_peak - I_target in each cycle; The error value Err is calculated by correlating the Comp_real with the voltage change value D_U_cycle in the dynamic adjustment trajectory U_traj(t) to the Comp_real.

4. The intelligent vehicle power adapter control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Correcting the slope parameter of the dynamically adjusted trajectory based on the error includes: Obtain the error value Err and determine the initial dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_init. Based on Err and S_init, calculate the slope adjustment amount DS=Err*S_init. The slope of the dynamically adjusted trajectory is updated using the DS, and the new slope S_new = S_init + DS.

5. The intelligent vehicle power adapter control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of using the modified dynamic adjustment trajectory to control the switch conduction timing to maintain the bus voltage change rate within a preset gradient threshold includes: Obtain the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory slope S_new, and set the preset bus voltage change rate gradient threshold R_th; Based on S_new and R_th, calculate the maximum allowable voltage change D_U_max = R_thTw in each switching cycle; Update the target voltage adjustment amount in each cycle using the D_U_max: D_U_cycle_new = D_U_maxU_bus / U_target; In each switching cycle, the on-time Ton of the power switch is dynamically adjusted according to D_U_cycle_new, where Ton = Ton + D_U_cycle_new / S_new.

6. The intelligent vehicle power adapter control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of continuously monitoring output power fluctuations after switching, and restoring the initial control mode when the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than a threshold, includes: After the mode switch is completed, a preset quantity Ns and a fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th are set, and the output power P_out is periodically collected. Based on the P_out, calculate the power change DP=|P_out(t)-P_out(t-1)| between each sampling point and the previous sampling point; Statistically count all DP values ​​in N consecutive sampling points and calculate the average fluctuation amplitude of these values ​​Avg_DP=(1 / Ns)*∑_(i=1)^NsDP(i); Determine whether Avg_DP is less than the fluctuation amplitude threshold A_th. If so, the system is considered to be stable and restored to the initial control mode.

7. An intelligent vehicle power adapter control system for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The fluctuation range determination module is used to acquire bus voltage data in real time and determine the allowable voltage fluctuation range for the current mode. The dynamic trajectory generation module is used to calculate the voltage regulation coefficient of the transition stage based on the difference between the allowable interval and the target mode bus voltage, and associate the voltage regulation coefficient with a preset switching cycle to form a dynamic regulation trajectory. The current compensation error calculation module is used to gradually adjust the conduction time of the power switch to the target value according to the dynamic adjustment trajectory at a preset time before mode switching, and simultaneously collect the peak value of the bus current during the adjustment period and calculate the error between the actual compensation amount and the target value. The voltage change rate control module is used to correct the slope parameter of the dynamic adjustment trajectory according to the error, and use the corrected dynamic adjustment trajectory to control the switch conduction timing so that the bus voltage change rate is maintained within a preset gradient threshold. The initial mode recovery module is used to continuously monitor output power fluctuations after switching. When the fluctuation amplitude of a preset number of consecutive sampling points is lower than the threshold, the initial control mode is restored.

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