Resistance-variable voltage-regulating low-noise pulse power supply system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pulse power supplies, in particular to a variable-resistance voltage-regulating low-noise pulse power supply system. Comprising a power supply module, a main control module, a negative voltage generation module, a reference voltage generation module and a pulse generation and boosting module, the power supply module is respectively connected with the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module and the pulse generation and boosting module; the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module and the pulse generation and boosting module are connected in sequence; the main control module is connected with the pulse generation and boosting module; the inductance characteristic of a coil on the primary side of the transformer, namely the characteristic that inductive current cannot suddenly change, is utilized, and a resistor in a circuit is matched to generate pulse high voltage. The pulse power supply system provided by the invention is low in baseline noise, and compared with an existing pulse power supply, the baseline noise is lower, the sensitivity is higher, and unnecessary ionization of helium cannot be caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pulse power supplies, and particularly to a low-noise pulse power supply system with variable resistance voltage regulation. Background Art

[0002] A high-voltage pulse helium ionization detector is a highly sensitive broad-spectrum sensor that responds to almost all gas molecules except neon. Therefore, this detector has a very wide range of applications. It can be widely used in the analysis of high-purity gases (impurity gases such as H2, O2, N2, CO, CH4, etc.), the fault diagnosis of insulating oil transformers, and the fault diagnosis and analysis of SF6-insulated transformers. For such a highly sensitive broad-spectrum helium ionization detector, a high-voltage discharge electrode in the discharge region needs to be externally connected to a high-voltage pulse power supply to form an ionization source, ionize high-purity helium gas to form metastable helium ions He* atoms with high ionization energy (ionization energy 19.8 eV). The role of the pulse power supply in the helium ionization detector is to provide a stable ionization source for helium ionization. Currently, the existing pulse power supplies have problems such as non-adjustable voltage and large baseline perturbations, which seriously affect the ionization efficiency of helium ions and thus the detection sensitivity of the gas chromatograph.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to study a low-noise pulse power supply system with variable resistance voltage regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problems of non-adjustable voltage and large baseline noise existing in the current pulse power supply field, the present invention provides a low-noise pulse power supply system with variable resistance voltage regulation, and the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] A low-noise pulse power supply system with variable resistance voltage regulation includes a power supply module, a main control module, a negative pressure generation module, a reference voltage generation module, and a pulse generation and boosting module;

[0006] The power supply module is respectively connected to the main control module, the negative pressure generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boosting module; the main control module, the negative pressure generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boosting module are connected in sequence; the main control module is connected to the pulse generation and boosting module;

[0007] The power supply module is used to provide power support for the main control module, the negative pressure generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boosting module respectively;

[0008] The main control module is used to generate pulse signals and transmit the pulse signals to the negative pressure generation module and the pulse generation and boosting module respectively;

[0009] The negative pressure generation module is used to generate an inverted voltage multiplier signal according to the pulse signal and transmit the inverted voltage multiplier signal to the reference voltage generation module;

[0010] The reference voltage generation module is configured to generate a reference voltage signal according to the inverted voltage-doubling signal and transmit the reference voltage signal to the pulse generation and boost module;

[0011] The pulse generation and boost module is configured to generate a pulse voltage signal according to the pulse signal and the reference voltage signal.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply module includes a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit, and a third power supply circuit; the first power supply circuit, the second power supply circuit, and the third power supply circuit are connected in sequence;

[0013] The first power supply circuit is configured to convert the input power supply signal into a first power supply signal;

[0014] The second power supply circuit is configured to convert the first power supply signal into a second power supply signal;

[0015] The third power supply circuit is configured to convert the second power supply signal into a third power supply signal.

[0016] Preferably, the negative voltage generation module includes an MOS transistor Q4; the gate of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the main control module, the source is grounded, and the drain is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R12 and the negative electrode of a polarized capacitor C11; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the power supply module; the positive electrode of the capacitor C11 is respectively connected to the anode of a diode D3 and the cathode of a diode D4; the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the positive electrode of a polarized capacitor C12 and grounded, and the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor C12 and outputs an inverted voltage-doubling signal.

[0017] Preferably, the calculation method of the inverted voltage-doubling signal V ― is as follows:

[0018] V ― = -(V c - 2V d );

[0019] where is the charging voltage of the capacitor C11, and V d is the conduction voltage of the diode.

[0020] Preferably, the reference voltage generation module includes an operational amplifier; the positive power supply pin V+ of the operational amplifier is connected to the power supply module; the negative power supply pin V- of the operational amplifier is connected to the negative voltage generation module and receives the inverted double voltage signal generated by the negative voltage generation module; the positive input terminal +IN of the operational amplifier is connected to the power supply module through a resistor R4; the negative input terminal -IN of the operational amplifier is respectively connected to one end of a capacitor C3 and one end of a resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the base of a triode Q1; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C7 and is also connected to the power supply module, the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of a polarized capacitor C5, one end of a capacitor C4, one end of a resistor R7, and the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module, and the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the resistor R7 are respectively grounded; the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module is connected to the pulse generation and boost module.

[0021] Preferably, the pulse generation and boost module includes a transformer T1, a MOS transistor Q2, a MOS transistor Q3, and a MOS transistor Q6; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected to the main control module and one end of a resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the power supply module; the source of the MOS transistor Q3 is grounded; the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R9 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the power supply module; the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is grounded;

[0022] The first end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is used as the input end and is connected to the reference voltage generation module, the second end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 and one fixed end of a potentiometer Rjd, the other fixed end of the potentiometer Rjd is connected to one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q6, and the gate and source of the MOS transistor Q6 are grounded;

[0023] The first end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 is used as the output end to output a pulse voltage, and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 is grounded.

[0024] Preferably, the calculation method of the pulse voltage output from the second end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] U = i × R;

[0027]

[0028] Among them, U0 is the amplitude of the reference voltage signal generated by the reference voltage generation module, L is the primary inductance of transformer T1, i is the current flowing through the primary inductance of transformer T1, t is the on-time of MOS transistor Q2, and R Q is the turn-off resistance of MOS transistors Q2 and Q6, and R jd is the resistance value of potentiometer Rjd, and R is the total resistance.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] The present invention utilizes the inductance characteristic of the coil on the primary side of the transformer, that is, the characteristic that the inductor current cannot change suddenly, and cooperates with the resistors in the circuit to generate pulsed high voltage. The baseline noise of the pulsed power supply system provided by the present invention is low. Compared with the existing pulsed power supplies, its baseline noise is smaller, the sensitivity is higher, and it will not cause unnecessary ionization of helium gas. Description of the Drawings

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally denoted by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0032] Figure 1 is the system schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 is the circuit schematic diagram of the power supply module of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 is the circuit schematic diagram of the main control module of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 is the circuit schematic diagram of the negative voltage generation module of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 is the circuit schematic diagram of the reference voltage generation module, pulse generation and boost module of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0039] It should also be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0040] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a variable-resistance voltage-regulating low-noise pulse power supply system, including a power supply module, a main control module, a negative voltage generation module, a reference voltage generation module, and a pulse generation and boosting module.

[0042] The power supply module is respectively connected to the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boosting module; the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boosting module are connected in sequence; the main control module is connected to the pulse generation and boosting module.

[0043] The power supply module is used to provide power support for the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boosting module respectively. The main control module is used to generate pulse signals and transmit the pulse signals to the negative voltage generation module and the pulse generation and boosting module respectively. The negative voltage generation module is used to generate an inverted double voltage signal according to the pulse signal and transmit the inverted double voltage signal to the reference voltage generation module. The reference voltage generation module is used to generate a reference voltage signal according to the inverted double voltage signal and transmit the reference voltage signal to the pulse generation and boosting module. The pulse generation and boosting module is used to generate a pulse voltage signal according to the pulse signal and the reference voltage signal.

[0044] The present invention uses MOSFET as a power switch device, controls the switch of MOSFET by signals, and at the same time utilizes the characteristic that the current in the inductor cannot change suddenly and changes linearly, forms a high voltage in cooperation with a resistor, and finally generates a pulse voltage through the amplification of a transformer. The pulse power supply of the present invention has the following characteristics: a pulse width of 40 us, an adjustable voltage amplitude of 1000 - 2000 V, and a pulse period of 470 us. The specific principle is described as follows.

[0045] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the power supply module includes a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit, and a third power supply circuit; the first power supply circuit, the second power supply circuit, and the third power supply circuit are connected in sequence; the first power supply circuit is used to convert the input power signal into a first power signal; the second power supply circuit is used to convert the first power signal into a second power signal; the third power supply circuit is used to convert the second power signal into a third power signal.

[0046] The first power supply circuit includes a chip U4 which selects a BL78MC12 chip to convert the 24V voltage into a 12V voltage. The chip converts the input power supply 24V INPUT into a 12V first power signal U4_OUT. Among them, the Input pin is respectively connected to the input power signal INPUT and one end of the filter capacitor C6, and the other end of the filter capacitor C6 is grounded.

[0047] The second power supply circuit includes a chip U5 which selects a power supply chip DIO7805 to convert the 12V first power signal U4_OUT into a 5V second power signal U5_5V. Among them, the OUT pin is connected to one end of the filter capacitor C8, and the other end of the filter capacitor C8 is grounded.

[0048] The third power supply circuit includes a chip U6 which selects a power supply chip RS3112 to convert the second power signal U5_5V into a 2.5V third power signal U6_OUT.

[0049] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the main control module generates a square wave (pulse signal) through a built-in timer. According to the set time interval, the pins (PA3 and PB3) are pulled high and pulled low. The PA3 pin is connected to the negative voltage generation module, and the PB1 pin is connected to the pulse generation and boost module. The main control module generates a pulse signal, which is respectively input to the negative voltage generation module and the pulse generation and boost module through the PA3 pin and the PB1 pin. The parameters of the pulse signals output by the two pins are the same (see the following description for details). The main control module is connected to the first power supply circuit, and the first power signal U4_OUT output by the first power supply circuit provides the working power supply for the main control module.

[0050] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, the negative pressure generation module includes MOS transistor Q4; the gate of MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the PA3 pin of the main control module, the source is grounded, and the drain is respectively connected to one end of resistor R12 and the negative pole of polarized capacitor C11; the other end of resistor R12 is connected to the power supply module; the positive pole of capacitor C11 is respectively connected to the anode of diode D3 and the cathode of diode D4; the cathode of diode D3 is connected to the positive pole of polarized capacitor C12 and grounded, and the anode of diode D4 is connected to the negative pole of polarized capacitor C12 and outputs an inverted voltage doubling signal.

[0051] The negative pressure generation module is connected to the first power circuit, and the first power signal U4_OUT output by the first power circuit provides the operating power supply for the negative pressure generation module. The gate of MOS transistor Q4 receives the pulse signal sent by the PA3 pin of the main control module. The negative pressure generation module uses the pulse signal of the PA3 pin to control the on and off of MOS transistor Q4 to generate a 12V pulse voltage signal. When the 12V voltage enters, capacitor C11 is charged, diode D3 conducts, and diode D4 turns off. The voltage of capacitor C11 is 12V. When MOS transistor Q4 is turned on and the input is 0V, diode D4 turns on, diode D3 turns off, and capacitor C11 discharges.

[0052] Capacitor charging formula:

[0053]

[0054] The time constant here is R*C11, where the equivalent resistance R = R Q / / R12+R d , it is assumed that within time t1, MOS transistor Q4 is turned on, and the final voltage difference of capacitor C11 during discharge is V c11 , when capacitor C11 discharges, the resistance in the circuit is the on-resistance R of the diode d , generally ranging from a few ohms to dozens of ohms, which can be adjusted according to requirements. At this time, capacitor C12 is charged. Since the left side of capacitor C12 is grounded, the voltage difference of capacitor C12 is constant at this time. Therefore, the right side of capacitor C12 is negative pressure, the cathode of diode D4 is negative pressure, and the voltage difference of capacitor C11 becomes larger at this time. The discharge speed is faster than when the lower end of capacitor C11 is 0. Therefore, the discharge in this cycle is faster than the charge. From the capacitor charge and discharge formula, the time constant RC of the discharge cycle is smaller. Therefore, the energy obtained in the charge cycle must be completely released during discharge. At this time, the capacitance value can be regarded as the series value of capacitor C11 and capacitor C12. Under ideal conditions, both sides of the two capacitors (the left side of C12 and the upper side of C11) are grounded. Assuming no energy loss, capacitor C11 starts to discharge, and the voltages on both sides of C11 decrease until the voltage on the upper side of C11 is 0.

[0055] When the MOS transistor Q4 is turned off, the capacitor C11 is charged, the diode D4 is turned off, the diode D3 is turned on, the capacitor C12 is in an open circuit state, the voltage remains unchanged, and the above process is repeated when the MOS transistor is turned off. The voltage difference of the capacitor C12 accumulates continuously in multiple cycles (the negative voltage on the right side of C12 is used as the reference voltage and will release current, and multiple cycles are required to supplement the charge to maintain the voltage difference) until the voltage of the capacitor C12 is lower than the lowest voltage on the lower side of C11 (this voltage is negative) + the voltage of the voltage difference of the diode D4 (this voltage is positive), that is, the capacitor C11 can no longer charge the capacitor C12, and the lowest voltage on the lower side of the capacitor C11 = -(the highest voltage on the upper side of C11 - the voltage of the diode D3).

[0056] The negative voltage V of the inverting voltage multiplier signal of C11 ― is:

[0057] V ― = ―(V c ― 2V d )

[0058] V c can be obtained from the capacitor charging formula.

[0059] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the reference voltage generation module includes an operational amplifier; the positive power supply pin V+ of the operational amplifier is connected to the first power supply circuit of the power supply module, and is connected to the first power supply signal U4_OUT; the negative power supply pin V- of the operational amplifier is connected to the negative voltage generation module and receives the inverting voltage multiplier signal generated by the negative voltage generation module; the positive input terminal +IN of the operational amplifier is connected to the third power supply circuit of the power supply module through the resistor R4, and is connected to the third power supply signal U6 OUT; the negative input terminal -IN of the operational amplifier is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the base of the triode Q1; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C7 and is also connected to the first power supply circuit of the power supply module, and is connected to the first power supply signal U4_OUT, and the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the polarized capacitor C5, one end of the capacitor C4, one end of the resistor R7, and the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module, and the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the resistor R7 are respectively grounded; the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module is connected to the pulse generation and boost module. Specifically, an OP27EPZ low-noise and strong load-carrying capacity operational amplifier is used to generate a low-noise and stable reference voltage.

[0060] The reference voltage generation module uses an amplifier to form an open-loop amplifier circuit with a very large open-loop amplification factor. After generating the maximum voltage from the input voltage, a voltage of 12 - 0.7 = 11.3V is generated by utilizing the property of the diode with Ube ≈ 0.7V.

[0061] As a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the pulse generation and boost module includes a transformer T1, a MOS transistor Q2, a MOS transistor Q3, and a MOS transistor Q6; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected to the main control module and one end of a resistor R16, and the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the power supply module; the source of the MOS transistor Q3 is grounded; the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R9 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the power supply module; the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is grounded;

[0062] The first end of the primary side of the transformer T1 serves as the input end and is connected to the reference voltage generation module. The second end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 and one fixed end of a potentiometer Rjd. The other fixed end of the potentiometer Rjd is connected to one end of a resistor R10, and the other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q6. The gate and source of the MOS transistor Q6 are grounded;

[0063] The first end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 serves as the output end to output a pulsed voltage, and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 is grounded.

[0064] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0065] The main control module generates a control signal, thereby controlling the switching state of the MOS transistor Q3. By controlling the MOS transistor Q3, the switching state of another MOS transistor Q2 can be indirectly controlled. In the present invention, the gate of the MOS transistor Q6 is grounded to ensure that it remains in the off state.

[0066] The reference voltage generation module generates a reference voltage signal of 11V and inputs it to the first end of the primary side of transformer T1. When MOS transistor Q3 is turned off, MOS transistor Q2 is turned on accordingly. At this time, the voltage at the second end (pin 2) of the primary side of transformer T1 drops to 0V, while a voltage of 11V is applied to the first end (pin 1) of the primary side of transformer T1. Due to the characteristics of the primary side coil of transformer T1, when MOS transistor Q2 is turned on for a longer time, the current flowing through the primary side coil of the transformer will gradually increase. After a certain time (turn-on time 208us, total period 470us), MOS transistor Q2 is turned off. Since the current in the primary side inductor of transformer T1 cannot change suddenly, part of the current will be shunted through potentiometer Rjd and MOS transistor Q6, and the inductor current is released within 40us (this time is obtained through actual testing). The current release time is related to the parasitic capacitance in the circuit components. Since the current flowing at this time is relatively large, a large voltage is finally generated at the second end (pin 2) of the primary side of transformer T1, forming a pulse voltage. The calculation method of the pulse voltage output at the second end (pin 2) of the primary side of transformer T1 is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] U = i × R;

[0069]

[0070] Among them, U0 is the amplitude of the reference voltage signal generated by the reference voltage generation module, L is the primary side inductance of transformer T1, i is the current flowing through the primary side inductance of transformer T1, t is the turn-on time of MOS transistor Q2, and R Q is the turn-off resistance of MOS transistor Q2 and MOS transistor Q6. MOS transistors with R Q of about 115Ω are selected. R jd is the resistance of potentiometer Rjd, and R is the total resistance.

[0071] In the pulse power supply system of the present invention, the turn-off resistances of MOS transistor Q2 and MOS transistor Q6 are designed to be the same, that is, their resistance values are both R Q . Such a design helps to maintain the symmetry and stability of the circuit. The introduction of potentiometer Rjd provides the system with the ability to adjust the resistance, so that the total resistance R of the entire circuit can be adjusted as needed. By changing the resistance value of potentiometer Rjd, the total resistance R jointly composed of MOS transistor Q2, MOS transistor Q6 and potentiometer Rjd can be indirectly changed. The range of the finally generated resistance R is (1 / 2R Q , R Q ).

[0072] When the resistance R changes, the magnitude of the pulsed voltage U generated at the pin 2 of the transformer T1 also changes. In this system, by finely adjusting the potentiometer Rjd, the total resistance R can be indirectly adjusted. Since U = i * R and the power-on time is 208 us, through the above inductor current formula, i is approximately 870 mA. At this time, a pulsed voltage of 50 to 100 V is generated on the primary side. After passing through a transformer with a turns ratio of 1:20, a pulsed high voltage in the range of 1000 V to 2000 V can be generated at the output end (left end) of the transformer.

[0073] The present invention utilizes the inductance characteristic of the coil on the primary side of the transformer, that is, the characteristic that the inductor current cannot change suddenly, and cooperates with the resistance in the circuit to generate a pulsed voltage of 50 - 100 V on the primary side of the transformer. When the voltage is 50 V, Rjd is 0 ohm, and at this time R is 1 / 2RQ. When the voltage is 100 V, Rjd is at the maximum value of the potentiometer resistance, and R is close to RQ. After passing through a transformer with a turns ratio of 1:20, a pulsed high voltage in the range of 1000 V to 2000 V can be generated at the output end (left end) of the transformer.

[0074] Two similar MOS circuits are connected in parallel to the pin 2 on the primary side of the transformer to reduce the loss of the MOS in the single-circuit case. At the same time, an adjustable potentiometer is added to adjust the finally obtained parallel resistance, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the voltage.

[0075] A transformer with a suitable wire diameter (a commonly used 0.5 mm copper enameled wire can meet the requirements after testing) is selected, so that its output current can reach the current required for ionization, reduce the core loss of the transformer, and improve the overall output efficiency of the power supply. In the present invention, the wire diameter of the transformer is 0.5 mm copper wire.

[0076] The present invention not only solves the problem of non-adjustable voltage, but also effectively reduces the baseline noise by precisely controlling the switching of the MOSFET, improving the stability and reliability of the power supply. Through this innovative pulsed power supply system, more precise voltage control can be achieved, while reducing noise interference, providing a more stable and efficient power supply solution for various applications requiring pulsed power supplies.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-noise pulsed power supply system with variable resistance voltage regulation, characterized in that, It includes a power supply module, a main control module, a negative voltage generation module, a reference voltage generation module, and a pulse generation and boost module; The power supply module is respectively connected to the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boost module; the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boost module are connected in sequence; the main control module is connected to the pulse generation and boost module; The power supply module is used to provide power support for the main control module, the negative voltage generation module, the reference voltage generation module, and the pulse generation and boost module respectively; The main control module is used to generate pulse signals and transmit the pulse signals to the negative voltage generation module and the pulse generation and boost module respectively; The negative voltage generation module is used to generate an inverted voltage multiplier signal according to the pulse signal and transmit the inverted voltage multiplier signal to the reference voltage generation module; The reference voltage generation module is used to generate a reference voltage signal according to the inverted voltage multiplier signal and transmit the reference voltage signal to the pulse generation and boost module; The pulse generation and boost module is used to generate a pulse voltage signal according to the pulse signal and the reference voltage signal.

2. The low-noise pulse power supply system with variable resistance voltage regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit, and a third power supply circuit; the first power supply circuit, the second power supply circuit, and the third power supply circuit are connected in sequence; The first power supply circuit is used to convert the input power signal into a first power signal; The second power supply circuit is used to convert the first power signal into a second power signal; The third power supply circuit is used to convert the second power signal into a third power signal.

3. A variable-resistance voltage-regulating low-noise pulse power supply system according to claim 1, wherein, The negative voltage generation module includes a MOS transistor Q4; the gate of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the main control module, the source is grounded, and the drain is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R12 and the negative electrode of a polarized capacitor C11; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the power supply module; the positive electrode of the capacitor C11 is respectively connected to the anode of a diode D3 and the cathode of a diode D4; the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the positive electrode of a polarized capacitor C12 and grounded, and the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor C12 and outputs an inverted voltage multiplier signal.

4. A variable resistance voltage regulating low-noise pulse power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inverted voltage-doubling signal V ― is calculated as follows: V ― = -(V c - 2V d )); where is the charging voltage of capacitor C11, and V d is the forward voltage of the diode.

5. A variable resistance voltage regulating low-noise pulse power supply system according to claim 1, wherein, The reference voltage generation module includes an operational amplifier; the positive power supply pin V+ of the operational amplifier is connected to the power supply module; the negative power supply pin V- of the operational amplifier is connected to the negative voltage generation module and receives the inverted voltage doubling signal generated by the negative voltage generation module; the positive input terminal +IN of the operational amplifier is connected to the power supply module through a resistor R4; the negative input terminal -IN of the operational amplifier is respectively connected to one end of a capacitor C3 and one end of a resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and one end of a resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the base of a triode Q1; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C7 and is also connected to the power supply module, and the other end of the capacitor C7 is grounded; the emitter of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of a polarized capacitor C5, one end of a capacitor C4, one end of a resistor R7, and the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module, and the negative electrode of the polarized capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the resistor R7 are respectively grounded; the output terminal of the reference voltage generation module is connected to the pulse generation and boost module.

6. A variable-resistance voltage-regulating low-noise pulse power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse generation and boost module includes a transformer T1, a MOS transistor Q2, a MOS transistor Q3, and a MOS transistor Q6; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected to the main control module and one end of a resistor R16, and the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to the power supply module; the source of the MOS transistor Q3 is grounded; the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is respectively connected to one end of a resistor R9 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the power supply module; the source of the MOS transistor Q2 is grounded; The first end of the primary side of the transformer T1 serves as the input end and is connected to the reference voltage generation module, the second end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is respectively connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 and one fixed end of a potentiometer Rjd, the other fixed end of the potentiometer Rjd is connected to one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q6, and the gate and source of the MOS transistor Q6 are grounded; The first end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 serves as the output end to output a pulse voltage, and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 is grounded.

7. A variable-resistance voltage-regulating low-noise pulse power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation method of the pulse voltage output from the second end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is as follows: U = i × R; Among them, U0 is the amplitude of the reference voltage signal generated by the reference voltage generation module, L is the primary inductance of transformer T1, i is the current flowing through the primary inductance of transformer T1, t is the turn-on time of MOS transistor Q2, R Q is the turn-off resistance of MOS transistors Q2 and Q6, R jd is the resistance value of potentiometer Rjd, and R is the total resistance.

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