Inverted drill

Abstract

The invention relates to an inverted drill. The inverted drill comprises a shell, a pipe body communicated with the inner space of the shell, a rod body arranged in the shell, a driving rod arranged in the pipe body and a cutter arranged at the end, away from the shell, of the pipe body. The rod body can rotate along the axis of the rod body, and the rod body comprises a connecting rod and a lead screw connected with the connecting rod. An adjusting piece is fixed to the connecting rod, and an adjusting hole for the adjusting piece to stretch out is formed in the shell. A lead screw nut is arranged on the lead screw, the lead screw nut is rotationally connected with the driving rod, the driving rod is rotationally connected with the cutter, and the cutter is rotationally connected with the pipe body. The lead screw is matched with the lead screw nut, so that stepless adjustment of the angle of the tool bit of the tool is achieved. Meanwhile, through the cooperation of the lead screw and the lead screw nut, the angle of the tool bit of the tool is not prone to change in the drilling process. In addition, the lead screw and the lead screw nut are both conventional parts and are easy to machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to a reverse drilling drill. Background Art

[0002] Cruciate ligament injury of the knee is a common sports injury. Total internal cruciate ligament reconstruction is one of the main surgical procedures for treating this injury. During this procedure, a back-drill is necessary to create stepped medullary canals on both the femoral and tibial sides.

[0003] Many types of reverse drilling have appeared in the prior art, such as the retrograde drill disclosed in CN116392196A, which includes a drill bit, which includes: a handle, a clamping rod, an outer rod, an inner rod, a cutter head, a rotating wheel and a sliding pin; the clamping rod is fixed to the handle; the outer rod is fixed to the handle; the inner rod is slidably arranged in the outer rod; the rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the handle, and a sliding surface is provided on the rotating wheel, and a plurality of drilling positions are provided on the sliding surface; in the longitudinal direction of the outer rod, the distances from the plurality of drilling positions to the proximal end face of the rotating wheel are different; the sliding pin is fixed to the inner rod and is slidably arranged on the sliding surface; the rotating wheel is rotated to make the sliding pin slide along the sliding surface to different drilling positions, the sliding pin drives the inner rod to displace along the longitudinal direction of the outer rod, and the inner rod drives the cutter head to rotate to adjust the angle between the cutter head and the outer rod.

[0004] However, the retrograde drill of CN116392196A has the following defects: first, the adjustment of the angle of the cutter head depends on multiple drilling positions, and the number of drilling positions is fixed. Therefore, the number of adjustment gears of the drill head angle of the retrograde drill is fixed. Second, the fixation of the cutter head depends on the cooperation of the sliding pin and the drilling position, and elastic limiters such as springs are used to enable the sliding pin to switch between multiple drilling positions. However, during surgery, due to the continuous rotation of the retrograde drill and the lack of a fixed connection between the sliding pin and the drilling position, the cutter head will generate large vibrations during the drilling process, making it easy for the sliding pin to fall out of the drilling position, and the self-locking property of the retrograde drill is poor. Third, the overall structure is relatively complex, especially the sliding surface is relatively inconvenient during the production and processing process, and the production cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention discloses a reverse drilling tool, which can realize stepless adjustment of the cutter head angle, has strong self-locking performance and simple structure.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A reverse drilling tool, comprising a housing, a pipe body communicating with the internal space of the housing, a rod body arranged in the housing, a driving rod arranged in the pipe body, and a cutting tool arranged at one end of the pipe body away from the housing; the rod body can rotate along the axis of the rod body, and the rod body includes a connecting rod and a lead screw connected to the connecting rod; an adjusting member is fixed on the connecting rod, and an adjusting hole for the adjusting member to extend out is provided on the housing; a lead screw nut is arranged on the lead screw, the lead screw nut is rotatably connected to the driving rod, the driving rod is rotatably connected to the cutting tool, and the cutting tool is rotatably connected to the pipe body; driving the adjusting member to move, the lead screw rotates, driving the lead screw nut to move, so that the driving rod moves along the axis direction of the pipe body, and finally driving the cutting tool to swing around the rotation connection point of the cutting tool and the pipe body.

[0007] Further, the lead screw includes a first lead screw and a second lead screw, the first lead screw and the second lead screw are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod, and the thread directions of the first lead screw and the second lead screw are opposite. A first lead screw nut is arranged on the first lead screw, a second lead screw nut is arranged on the second lead screw, a linkage block is rotatably connected to both the first lead screw nut and the second lead screw nut, and each linkage block is rotatably connected to the driving rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjusting member is an adjusting disc, and the adjusting disc is coaxially arranged with the connecting rod.

[0009] Still further, a fork member is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rod away from the cutting tool, the adjusting disc is located between the two forks of the fork member, and the two forks of the fork member are respectively rotatably connected to the linkage block.

[0010] Still further, an anti-slip portion is provided on the side wall of the adjusting disc.

[0011] Still further, a scale is provided on the edge of the adjusting disc, and a pointer matched with the scale is provided on the housing.

[0012] Further, it further includes a clamping rod fixed on the housing, the clamping rod is coaxially arranged with the pipe body, the clamping rod and the pipe body are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the housing, and the clamping rod is used to cooperate with an external motor.

[0013] Further, the housing includes an upper shell and a lower shell matched with the upper shell, a connecting block is provided on the lower shell, and a groove is provided on the connecting block; a recessed area matched with the connecting block is provided on the upper shell, and a convex block matched with the groove is provided on the recessed area.

[0014] Still further, a guiding arc surface is provided on one side of the connecting block facing the upper shell, and the convex block abuts against the guiding arc surface and slides into the groove.

[0015] Further, a fixing block is fixed on the pipe body, and the fixing block is fixed on the lower shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By adopting the cooperation of the lead screw and the lead screw nut, the stepless adjustment of the tool tip angle is realized. At the same time, due to the cooperation of the lead screw and the lead screw nut, the tool has good self-locking property, and the tool tip angle is not easily changed during the drilling process. In addition, both the lead screw and the lead screw nut are conventional parts, which are easy to process and have low production costs. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the reverse drill of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic view of the reverse drill in which the tool does not extend from the pipe body of the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A section in Figure 4 is a schematic view of the reverse drill in which the tool has extended from the pipe body and the tool tip is at the maximum extension angle of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B section in Figure 6 is a schematic connection diagram of the drive rod and the tool of the present invention; Figure 7 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of part C in Figure 8 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of part D in Figure 9 is a schematic view of the other structures of the reverse drill except the upper shell in the reverse drill of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper shell of the reverse drill of the present invention; Figure 11 is Figure 9 an enlarged schematic view of part E in

[0018] In the figure: 1 - housing; 1a - upper shell; 1b - lower shell; 2 - pipe body; 3 - drive rod; 4 - tool; 5 - connecting rod; 6 - first lead screw; 7 - second lead screw; 8 - first lead screw nut; 9 - second lead screw nut; 10 - linkage block; 11 - adjustment plate; 12 - fork member; 13 - pointer; 14 - clamping rod; 15 - connecting block; 16 - groove; 17 - convex block; 18 - guiding arc surface; 19 - fixing block; 20 - rotating shaft. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] In order to solve the defects such as limited adjustment gears and complex structure in the current reverse drill, the present invention discloses a reverse drill.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the reverse drill of the present invention includes a housing 1 and a pipe body 2 communicating with the internal space of the housing 1. A cutter 4 is provided at one end of the pipe body 2 away from the housing 1. As Figure 3 shown, a driving rod 3 is provided inside the pipe body 2. A rod body is fixed inside the housing 1, and there are two rod body rotation grooves provided inside the housing 1 and arranged oppositely. The two ends of the rod body are respectively fixed in different rod body rotation grooves, so the rod body can rotate around its own axis inside the housing 1. The rod body includes a connecting rod 5 and a lead screw connected to the connecting rod 5. The connecting rod 5 and the lead screw are integrally formed. An adjusting member is fixed on the connecting rod 5, and the form of the adjusting member can be various, such as a turntable or a lever. An adjusting hole for the adjusting member to extend out is provided on the housing 1. A lead screw nut is provided on the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is rotatably connected to the driving rod 3. As Figure 6 shown, the driving rod 3 is rotatably connected to the cutter 4. As Figure 6 andFigure 7 As shown, the cutting tool 4 is rotatably connected to the pipe body 2. Specifically, a rotating shaft hole is provided on the pipe body 2, and a rotating shaft 20 that mates with the rotating shaft hole is provided on the cutting tool 4.

[0024] The usage steps of the reverse drill of the present invention are as follows: Step 1: Drill a bone hole in the bone for the pipe body 2 to pass through. The reverse drill of the present invention is in the state as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 At this time, the cutting tool 4 does not protrude from the pipe body 2. Specifically, the projection of the cutting tool 4 on the radial cross-section of the pipe body 2 is completely located within the radial cross-section of the pipe body 2. Therefore, during the process of the cutting tool 4 and the pipe body 2 passing through the bone hole, the cutting tool 4 will not contact the inner wall of the bone hole.

[0025] Step 2: Move the reverse drill, and the cutting tool 4 and the pipe body 2 pass through the bone hole.

[0026] Step 3: Drive the adjusting member to move. The connecting rod 5 rotates around its own axis, and the lead screw also rotates around its own axis. Since the lead screw nut is indirectly connected to the pipe body 2 through the drive rod 3 and the cutting tool 4, and the rod body is fixed in the rod body rotating groove on the housing 1. Therefore, after the lead screw rotates, it will drive the lead screw nut to move along the axis of the lead screw. As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 After the lead screw rotates, the position of the lead screw nut changes. Because the lead screw nut moves, and the lead screw nut is rotatably connected to the drive rod 3, the drive rod 3 moves along the axis of the pipe body 2. Also, because the drive rod 3 and the cutting tool 4 are rotatably connected, and the cutting tool 4 and the pipe body 2 are rotatably connected, the movement of the drive rod 3 drives the cutting tool 4 to swing around the rotating shaft 20, and the cutting tool 4 gradually protrudes from the pipe body 2. Figure 4 The position of the cutting tool 4 in Figure 4 is the maximum angle at which the cutting tool 4 protrudes from the pipe body 2 in the reverse drill of the present invention, that is, the projection of the cutting tool 4 on the radial cross-section of the pipe body 2 in

[0027] At this time, the diameter of the hole drilled by the cutting tool 4 is the maximum set drilling diameter of the reverse drill of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention adjusts the angle of the cutting head of the cutting tool 4 by using the cooperation of the lead screw and the lead screw nut, so that the angle of the cutting head of the cutting tool 4 can be steplessly adjusted between the two extreme positions of the cutting head in Figure 2 and Figure 4 At the same time, through the cooperation of the lead screw and the lead screw nut, the cutting tool 4 has good self-locking performance, and the angle of the cutting head of the cutting tool 4 is not easy to change during the drilling process. In addition, the lead screw and the lead screw nut are conventional parts, easy to process, and have low production costs.

[0029] In the reverse drilling of the present invention, there are various implementation manners for many technical features such as the shape of the adjusting member and the specific position of the lead screw. In the following, among many technical features such as the shape of the adjusting member, one implementation manner is mainly selected for each technical feature for detailed description, and the embodiment where this implementation manner is located is called this embodiment. Other implementation manners of many features such as the shape of the adjusting member are called other embodiments, and for other embodiments, a brief description will be given below.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the lead screw includes a first lead screw 6 and a second lead screw 7. The first lead screw 6 and the second lead screw 7 are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod 5. One end of the first lead screw 6 is arranged in a rod body rotation groove in the housing 1, and one end of the second lead screw 7 is arranged in another rod body rotation groove in the housing 1. The connecting rod 5, the first lead screw 6 and the second lead screw 7 are integrally formed and are coaxially arranged with each other. The thread helix directions of the first lead screw 6 and the second lead screw 7 are opposite. A first lead screw nut 8 is provided on the first lead screw 6, and a second lead screw nut 9 is provided on the second lead screw 7. Linking blocks 10 are rotatably connected to both the first lead screw nut 8 and the second lead screw nut 9, and each linking block 10 is rotatably connected to the driving rod 3.

[0031] Therefore, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, after the adjusting member moves, the first lead screw nut 8 and the second lead screw nut 9 will approach or move away from each other, driving the linking blocks 10 to rotate, thereby driving the driving rod 3 to move along the axis direction of the pipe body 2. The present invention makes the movement of the driving rod 3 more stable by arranging lead screws at both ends of the connecting rod 5. In other embodiments, only one lead screw and one connecting rod 5 may be provided, but in this case, the driving rod 3 is prone to tilt during the movement along the axis direction of the pipe body 2.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the adjusting member is an adjusting disk 11 in the shape of a disk, and the adjusting disk 11 is coaxially arranged with the connecting rod 5. As Figure 2 shown, the edge of the adjusting disk 11 extends out of the adjusting hole on the housing 1. Therefore, when it is necessary to adjust the inclination angle of the cutter 4 relative to the pipe body 2, the operator only needs to rotate the adjusting disk 11 by hand. The present invention facilitates the adjustment of the angle of the cutter 4 through the arrangement of the adjusting disk 11. In other embodiments, the adjusting member can also be set as a lever, and by pushing the lever, the angle adjustment of the cutter 4 is indirectly driven.

[0033] In this embodiment, in order to further prevent the tool 4 from rotating around the rotating shaft 20 during the drilling process of the tool 4, a locking groove can be provided on the side wall of the adjustment disk 11, and a lock catch that can cooperate with the locking groove can be provided on the outer surface of the housing 1. When the adjustment disk 11 is rotated until the tool 4 swings to a suitable position, the lock catch is snapped into the locking groove, so that the adjustment disk 11 cannot rotate, and thus the tool 4 cannot swing. In other embodiments, the locking groove and the lock catch may not be provided either.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, a fork member 12 is fixedly connected to the end of the driving rod 3 away from the tool 4. The adjustment disk 11 is located between the two forks of the fork member 12, and the two forks of the fork member 12 are respectively rotatably connected to the linkage blocks 10. Through the arrangement of the fork member 12 in the present invention, the driving rod 3 can be respectively connected to the two linkage blocks 10. And when the first lead screw 6 and the first lead screw nut 8 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second lead screw 7 and the second lead screw nut 9 centered on the connecting rod, the thrust of the first lead screw nut 8 moving on the fork member 12 and the thrust of the second lead screw nut 9 moving on the fork member 12 are the same. Under the push of the first lead screw nut 8 and the second lead screw nut 9, the fork member 12 moves along the axial direction of the pipe body 2, driving the driving rod 3 to move smoothly. In addition, the arrangement of the fork member 12 makes the layout of components such as the adjustment disk 11 and the driving rod 3 compact, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the back drilling of the present invention. In other embodiments, when the adjusting member is a dial rod, the fork member 12 may not be provided, and the linkage block 10 is directly rotatably connected to the driving rod 3.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, an anti-slip portion is provided on the side wall of the adjustment disk 11. The anti-slip portion is set as a plurality of arc-shaped recessed areas provided on the side wall of the adjustment disk 11. The arc-shaped recessed areas are arranged in sequence and surround the side wall of the adjustment disk 11, and protrusions are provided in the arc-shaped recessed areas. The arrangement of the arc-shaped recessed areas and the protrusions forms the anti-slip portion, and the operator rotates the adjustment disk 11 by touching the anti-slip portion with the hand. Through the arrangement of the anti-slip portion in the present invention, it is convenient for the operator to rotate the adjustment disk 11. In other embodiments, the form of the anti-slip portion is also set as other structures, such as adding an anti-slip rubber pad on the side wall of the adjustment disk 11.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, a scale is provided on the edge of the adjustment disk 11, and a pointer 13 that cooperates with the scale is provided on the housing 1. The scale on the adjustment disk 11 sequentially records the drilling diameter of the tool 4 at this scale. Through the arrangement of the scale and the pointer 13 in the present invention, it is convenient for the operator to accurately control the size of the drilling diameter. In other embodiments, when the adjusting member is a dial rod, a scale can be provided on the housing 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the backdrill of the present invention further includes a clamping rod 14 fixed to the housing 1. The clamping rod 14 is coaxially arranged with the pipe body 2. The clamping rod 14 and the pipe body 2 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the housing 1. The clamping rod 14 is used to cooperate with an external motor. One end of the clamping rod 14 away from the housing 1 is arranged in a triangular prism shape to facilitate cooperation with the external motor. Through the arrangement of the clamping rod 14, the present invention is convenient to cooperate with the external motor. Driven by the external motor, the cutter 4 rotates around the axis of the pipe body 2, so as to realize drilling by means of the motor force. In other embodiments, the clamping rod 14 may not be provided, and the backdrill can be rotated manually to realize drilling.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 8 shown, the housing 1 includes an upper housing 1a and a lower housing 1b that cooperates with the upper housing 1a. As Figure 9 shown, a connecting block 15 is provided on the lower housing 1b, and a groove 16 is provided on the connecting block 15. As Figure 10 shown, a recessed area that cooperates with the connecting block 15 is provided on the upper housing 1a, and a convex block 17 that cooperates with the groove 16 is provided on the recessed area. During the assembly process of the backdrill of the present invention, after components such as the adjustment disk 11, the rod body, and the screw nut are all installed in the lower housing 1b, it is necessary to fasten the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b together. During the process of fastening the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b together, the connecting block 15 first enters the recessed area in the upper housing 1a, and the upper housing 1a has elasticity and undergoes slight deformation. Subsequently, the convex block 17 enters the groove 16, and thus the fastening of the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b is completed. By setting the housing 1 as the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b and through the settings of the groove 16 and the convex block 17, the present invention facilitates the fastening of the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b, that is, it facilitates the assembly of the backdrill of the present invention. In other embodiments, the housing 1 can also be set to be formed by a cylindrical outer shell and a barrel cover.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 shown, a guiding arc surface 18 is provided on one side of the connecting block 15 facing the upper housing 1a. The convex block 17 abuts against the guiding arc surface 18 and slides into the groove 16. Specifically, during the process of fastening the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b together, the convex block 17 first abuts against the guiding arc surface 18, and the convex block 17 slides along the guiding arc surface 18. During this process, the upper housing 1a continuously undergoes elastic deformation until the convex block 17 enters the groove 16, and then the upper housing 1a returns to its original state. Through the guiding arc surface 18, the present invention facilitates the convex block 17 to enter the groove 16, that is, it further facilitates the fastening of the upper housing 1a and the lower housing 1b. In other embodiments, a guiding groove can also be provided on the connecting block 15, and the convex block 17 first enters the guiding groove and then enters the groove 16.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 11As shown, a fixing block 19 is fixed on the pipe body 2, and the fixing block 19 is fixed on the lower shell 1b. Specifically, the fixing block 19 is welded to the end of the pipe body 2 away from the cutter 4. During the assembly of the back drilling tool of the present invention, the fixing block 19 is first fixed on the lower shell 1b by means of bolt connection, and then components such as the rod body and the lead screw nut are installed on the lower shell 1b, and the driving rod 3 is installed in the pipe body 2. Through the arrangement of the fixing block 19, the pipe body 2 and the housing 1 are detachably connected, which further facilitates the assembly of the back drilling tool of the present invention. In other embodiments, the lower shell 1b and the pipe body 2 can also be connected by welding.

[0041] In summary, the back drilling tool of the present invention realizes stepless adjustment of the cutter head angle of the cutter 4 through the cooperation of the lead screw and the lead screw nut, and the cutter head angle is not easy to change during the drilling process. In addition, the back drilling tool is easy to process. By arranging lead screws at both ends of the connecting rod 5, the movement of the driving rod 3 is made more stable. Through the arrangement of the adjusting disc 11, it is convenient to adjust the angle of the cutter 4. Through the arrangement of the locking groove and the lock, the cutter 4 is further locked. Through the arrangement of the fork member 12, it is convenient for the driving rod 3 to move smoothly, and it is beneficial for the back drilling tool of the present invention to be miniaturized. Through the arrangement of the anti-slip portion, it is convenient for the operator to rotate the adjusting disc 11. Through the arrangement of the scale and the pointer 13, it is convenient for the operator to accurately control the size of the drilling diameter. Through the arrangement of the clamping rod 14, it is convenient to cooperate with an external motor. Through the arrangement of the groove 16 and the convex block 17, it is convenient for the assembly of the back drilling tool. Through the arrangement of the guiding arc surface 18, it is further convenient for the upper shell 1a to be buckled with the lower shell 1b. Through the arrangement of the fixing block 19, it is further convenient for the assembly of the back drilling tool of the present invention.

[0042] It should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse drilling rig, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a pipe body (2) communicating with the internal space of the housing (1), a rod body arranged in the housing (1), a driving rod (3) arranged in the pipe body (2), and a cutter (4) arranged at one end of the pipe body (2) away from the housing (1); the rod body can rotate along the axis of the rod body, and the rod body includes a connecting rod (5) and a lead screw connected to the connecting rod (5); an adjusting member is fixed on the connecting rod (5), and an adjusting hole for the adjusting member to extend out is provided on the housing (1); a lead screw nut is arranged on the lead screw, the lead screw nut is rotatably connected to the driving rod (3), the driving rod (3) is rotatably connected to the cutter (4), and the cutter (4) is rotatably connected to the pipe body (2); driving the adjusting member to move, the lead screw rotates, driving the lead screw nut to move, so that the driving rod (3) moves along the axis direction of the pipe body (2), and finally driving the cutter (4) to swing around the rotation connection point of the cutter (4) and the pipe body (2).

2. The reverse drilling bit according to claim 1, wherein, The lead screw includes a first lead screw (6) and a second lead screw (7), the first lead screw (6) and the second lead screw (7) are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting rod (5), and the thread directions of the first lead screw (6) and the second lead screw (7) are opposite, a first lead screw nut (8) is arranged on the first lead screw (6), a second lead screw nut (9) is arranged on the second lead screw (7), a linkage block (10) is rotatably connected to both the first lead screw nut (8) and the second lead screw nut (9), and each linkage block (10) is rotatably connected to the driving rod (3).

3. The reverse drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein The adjusting member is an adjusting disk (11), and the adjusting disk (11) is arranged coaxially with the connecting rod (5).

4. The reverse drilling bit according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the driving rod (3) away from the cutter (4) is fixedly connected with a fork member (12), the adjusting disk (11) is located between the two forks of the fork member (12), and the two forks of the fork member (12) are respectively rotatably connected to the linkage block (10).

5. The reverse drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein, The side wall of the adjusting disk (11) is provided with an anti-slip portion.

6. The backreaming drill according to claim 3, wherein, The edge of the adjusting disk (11) is provided with scales, and a pointer (13) matched with the scales is arranged on the housing (1).

7. The reverse drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a clamping rod (14) fixed on the housing (1), the clamping rod (14) is arranged coaxially with the pipe body (2), the clamping rod (14) and the pipe body (2) are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the housing (1), and the clamping rod (14) is used to cooperate with an external motor.

8. The backreaming drill according to claim 1, wherein The housing (1) includes an upper shell (1a) and a lower shell (1b) matched with the upper shell (1a), a connecting block (15) is arranged on the lower shell (1b), and a groove (16) is arranged on the connecting block (15); a recessed area matched with the connecting block (15) is arranged on the upper shell (1a), and a convex block (17) matched with the groove (16) is arranged on the recessed area.

9. The reverse drilling tool according to claim 8, wherein, On one side of the connecting block (15) facing the upper shell (1a), there is a guiding arc surface (18), and the convex block (17) abuts against the guiding arc surface (18) and slides into the groove (16).

10. The reverse drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that, A fixing block (19) is fixed on the pipe body (2), and the fixing block (19) is fixed on the lower shell (1b).

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