Preparation method of high-polysaccharide-content fermented rhizoma polygonati capable of tonifying qi and blood

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food, in particular to a preparation method of high-polysaccharide-content fermented rhizoma polygonati capable of tonifying qi and blood, which comprises five steps of raw material treatment, extraction of small-molecular-weight nutrients, fermentation treatment, polysaccharide extraction and mixing. According to the method, low-molecular-weight nutrients and high-molecular-weight polysaccharides in rhizoma polygonati are separated, concentrated respectively and then mixed. Compared with an existing rhizoma polygonati product adopting a single raw material, the proportion of small molecular weight nutrients and polysaccharide content in the mixed powder prepared by mixing the rhizoma polygonati leaves, the rhizoma polygonati stems and the rhizoma polygonati roots is more balanced, impurities and toxic substances in rhizoma polygonati can be removed, the nutrient content is increased, the polysaccharide content is artificially controllable, and the rhizoma polygonati product has the advantages that the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The rhizoma polygonati product with high polysaccharide content is prepared by increasing the proportion of the polysaccharide concentrated solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of food technology, and in particular to a method for preparing fermented polygonatum sibiricum with high polysaccharide content for supplementing qi and blood. Background Art

[0002] Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese medicine, belonging to the liliaceae plant, usually used for tonifying the body, enhancing immunity, and possibly having the effect of anti-aging. Polygonatum sibiricum not only contains various amino acids, vitamins, trace elements and other small molecule nutrients, but also is rich in macromolecule nutrients such as polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids. Polygonatum sibiricum products are usually ground into granular form and then processed subsequently, and it is impossible to enrich the nutrients in polygonatum sibiricum. Moreover, the granular polygonatum sibiricum products not only affect the edible taste, but also the residual impurities or toxic substances will cause adverse reactions to the eaters.

[0003] In addition, the raw materials of existing polygonatum sibiricum products mostly use the roots of polygonatum sibiricum, but the leaves and branches are also rich in nutrients such as polysaccharides. Therefore, the full utilization of polygonatum sibiricum can effectively save polygonatum sibiricum resources. Chinese Patent CN 102351961 A discloses a method for extracting polygonatum polysaccharide from the stems and leaves of polygonatum sibiricum. The stems and leaves of polygonatum sibiricum are subjected to processes such as pulverization, ultrasonic extraction, pressure filtration, ultrafiltration, concentration, chromatography, microfiltration separation, and vacuum drying to obtain polygonatum polysaccharide crystals. This patent uses the stems and leaves of polygonatum sibiricum as raw materials, and the content of nutrients in the roots of polygonatum sibiricum is more comprehensive, but the content of polysaccharides in the processed products of polygonatum sibiricum is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problem of insufficient polysaccharide content in existing polygonatum sibiricum products, the present invention provides a method for preparing fermented polygonatum sibiricum with high polysaccharide content for supplementing qi and blood, including the following steps: 1) Raw material treatment Wash and dry polygonatum sibiricum leaves, polygonatum sibiricum stems and polygonatum sibiricum roots respectively, mix them in a weight ratio of (0.2~0.7):(0.5~1):1 and then grind them, and filter to obtain a mixed powder; 2) Extracting small molecular weight nutrients Add the mixed powder obtained in step 1) to 20 times deionized water, add ethanol accounting for 5%~10% of the weight of deionized water, heat it to 50℃~70℃ under closed conditions, stir for 6~12h, filter, boil the filtrate and concentrate it under negative pressure to obtain a small molecular weight nutrient concentrate; 3) Fermentation treatment Add the filter residue in step 2) to deionized water, add amylase and cellulase and hydrolyze it at a constant temperature of 35℃~60℃; 4) Extracting polysaccharides Filter the hydrolysis solution obtained in step 3) with a sieve to obtain a crude polysaccharide solution, and remove water and low molecular substances in the crude polysaccharide solution with a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a polysaccharide concentrate; 5) Mixing Mix the small-molecule nutrient concentrate obtained in step (2) and the polysaccharide concentrate obtained in step (4) in a proportion to obtain high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum.

[0005] Compared with the existing polygonatum sibiricum products using a single raw material, the ratio of small-molecule nutrients and polysaccharide content in the mixed powder prepared by mixing polygonatum sibiricum leaves, polygonatum sibiricum stems and polygonatum sibiricum roots in the present invention is more balanced. Specifically, the polygonatum sibiricum leaves are selected from polygonatum cyrtonema or polygonatum ussuriense, the polygonatum sibiricum stems are selected from polygonatum kingianum, polygonatum filipes or polygonatum cyrtonema, and the polygonatum sibiricum roots are selected from polygonatum japonicum, polygonatum cyrtonema or polygonatum kingianum. The nutrient distribution parts of different varieties of polygonatum sibiricum are different. The present invention specifically selects the polygonatum sibiricum variety with higher nutrients in this part for the raw materials of different parts, so that the nutrient content in the obtained fermented polygonatum sibiricum is higher.

[0006] In step (2) of the present invention, small-molecule nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements can be precipitated from the powder more quickly with the addition of ethanol, and ethanol will be completely evaporated and discharged during the subsequent boiling or vacuum concentration process, and will not remain in the small-molecule nutrient concentrate.

[0007] In step (3) of the present invention, amylase and cellulase can hydrolyze starch and cellulose that are not easily absorbed into small-molecule polysaccharides, increasing the types of polysaccharides.

[0008] In step (4) of the present invention, the purpose of screen filtration is to remove the particulate matter in the hydrolyzate to prevent clogging of the nanofiltration membrane during nanofiltration.

[0009] In step (5) of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the small-molecule nutrient concentrate and the polysaccharide concentrate is selected according to the requirement of polysaccharide content, and the polysaccharide content in the prepared high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum is 35 wt% - 50 wt%.

[0010] The present invention separates the low-molecular-weight nutrients and high-molecular-weight polysaccharides in polygonatum sibiricum, concentrates them separately and then mixes them, which can remove impurities and toxic substances in polygonatum sibiricum, improve the nutrient content, and the polysaccharide content is artificially controllable. By increasing the proportion of the polysaccharide concentrate, a polygonatum sibiricum product with a high polysaccharide content can be prepared. Specific embodiments

[0011] The present invention is described below in conjunction with examples. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0012] A preparation method of fermented polygonatum sibiricum with high polysaccharide content for tonifying qi and blood includes the following technological steps: I. Wash and dry polygonatum cyrtonema leaves, polygonatum filipes stems and polygonatum kingianum roots respectively, grind them after mixing in a weight ratio of 0.5:0.7:1, and filter through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder; II. Add the obtained mixed powder to deionized water at 20 times the weight, then add ethanol accounting for 10% of the weight of the deionized water, heat it to 70 °C under sealing, stir for 8 h, filter, boil the filtrate and concentrate it under negative pressure to obtain a small-molecule nutrient concentrate; III. Add the filter residue from Step II to deionized water, add 1% amylase and 1% cellulase based on the weight of the filter residue, and hydrolyze it at a constant temperature of 55 °C to obtain a hydrolyzate; IV. Filter the hydrolyzate obtained in Step III through a 150-mesh sieve, remove the particulate matter to obtain a crude polysaccharide solution, and remove the water and low-molecular substances in the crude polysaccharide solution with a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a polysaccharide concentrate; V. Mix the small-molecule nutrient concentrate and the polysaccharide concentrate to obtain high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum with a polysaccharide content of 40%. Example 2

[0013] A preparation method of fermented polygonatum sibiricum with high polysaccharide content for supplementing qi and blood includes the following technological steps: I. Wash the leaves of polygonatum macropodium, the stems of polygonatum kingianum, and the roots of polygonatum cyrtonema respectively, dry them, grind them after mixing at a weight ratio of 0.2:0.5:1, and filter through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder; II. Add the obtained mixed powder to deionized water at 20 times the weight, then add ethanol accounting for 8% of the weight of the deionized water, heat it to 60 °C under sealing, stir for 12 h, filter, boil the filtrate and concentrate it under negative pressure to obtain a small-molecule nutrient concentrate; III. Add the filter residue from Step II to deionized water, add 1% amylase and 1.5% cellulase based on the weight of the filter residue, and hydrolyze it at a constant temperature of 35 °C to obtain a hydrolyzate; IV. Filter the hydrolyzate obtained in Step III through a 200-mesh sieve, remove the particulate matter to obtain a crude polysaccharide solution, and remove the water and low-molecular substances in the crude polysaccharide solution with a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a polysaccharide concentrate; V. Mix the small-molecule nutrient concentrate and the polysaccharide concentrate to obtain high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum with a polysaccharide content of 35%. Example 3

[0014] A preparation method of fermented polygonatum sibiricum with high polysaccharide content for supplementing qi and blood includes the following technological steps: I. Wash the leaves of polygonatum macropodium, the stems of polygonatum cyrtonema, and the roots of polygonatum japonicum respectively, dry them, grind them after mixing at a weight ratio of 0.7:1:1, and filter through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain a mixed powder; II. Add the obtained mixed powder to deionized water at 20 times the weight, then add ethanol accounting for 5% of the weight of the deionized water, heat it to 50 °C under sealing, stir for 6 h, filter, boil the filtrate and concentrate it under negative pressure to obtain a small-molecule nutrient concentrate; III. Add the filter residue from Step II into deionized water, add amylase with a weight equal to that of the filter residue and 1% cellulase, and hydrolyze at a constant temperature of 60°C to obtain a hydrolyzate; IV. Filter the hydrolyzate obtained in Step III through a 350-mesh sieve to remove particulate matters and obtain a crude polysaccharide solution. Remove water and low-molecular substances from the crude polysaccharide solution using a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a concentrated polysaccharide solution; V. Mix the concentrated small-molecular nutrient solution and the concentrated polysaccharide solution to obtain high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum with a polysaccharide content of 50%.

[0015] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of fermented polygonatum sibiricum with high polysaccharide content for supplementing qi and blood, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: 1) Raw material treatment Wash the polygonatum leaves, polygonatum stems and polygonatum roots respectively and then dry them. Mix them according to the weight ratio of (0.2~0.7):(0.5~1):1 and grind them. Filter to obtain a mixed powder; 2) Extract small molecular weight nutrients Add the mixed powder obtained in step 1) to 20 times of deionized water, add ethanol accounting for 5%~10% of the weight of the deionized water, heat it to 50℃~70℃ under sealing, stir for 6~12h, filter, boil the filtrate and concentrate it under negative pressure to obtain a small molecular weight nutrient concentrate; 3) Fermentation treatment Add the filter residue obtained in step 2) to deionized water, add amylase and cellulase and hydrolyze it at a constant temperature of 35℃~60℃ to obtain a hydrolyzate; 4) Extract polysaccharides Filter the hydrolyzate obtained in step 3) with a sieve to obtain a crude polysaccharide solution, and remove the water and low molecular substances in the crude polysaccharide solution with a nanofiltration membrane to obtain a polysaccharide concentrate; 5) Mixing Mix the small molecular weight nutrient concentrate obtained in step 2) and the polysaccharide concentrate obtained in step 4) in proportion to obtain high-polysaccharide polygonatum.

2. The preparation method of high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polygonatum leaves are selected from polygonatum cyrtonema or polygonatum macropodium, the polygonatum stems are selected from polygonatum kingianum, polygonatum filipes or polygonatum cyrtonema, and the polygonatum roots are selected from polygonatum sibiricum, polygonatum cyrtonema or polygonatum kingianum.

3. The preparation method of high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the filtration accuracy is 100~300 meshes.

4. The preparation method of high-polysaccharide polygonatum sibiricum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The content of polysaccharides in the high-polysaccharide polygonatum is 35wt%~50wt%.