Incinerator fly ash separation and coagulation treatment equipment based on airflow impact

Abstract

The invention discloses incinerator fly ash separation and coagulation treatment equipment based on airflow impact, and relates to the technical field of fly ash treatment.The fly ash separation and coagulation treatment equipment comprises a frame, and a pretreatment unit, a bag type dust collector and a dust suction fan are sequentially arranged on the frame in the airflow movement direction; an air inlet of the pretreatment unit is communicated with a smoke outlet of the incinerator, an air outlet of the pretreatment unit is communicated with an inlet of the bag type dust collector, the pretreatment unit separates fly ash through airflow impact, an air outlet of the bag type dust collector is communicated with the dust suction fan, and the dust suction fan is used for driving dust-containing airflow to flow; a pretreatment unit is arranged at the front end of the bag type dust collector to pretreat the fly ash, and large and small particles in the fly ash are separated in advance; and when the fly ash is treated, the dust suction fan is started, so that the fly ash treated by the pretreatment unit is driven to flow into the bag type dust collector to be treated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fly ash treatment, and specifically to an incinerator fly ash separation and coagulation treatment device based on air flow impact. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the expansion of industrial scale, the demand for incineration treatment of domestic waste and industrial waste is increasing day by day. As the core treatment equipment, the flue gas generated during the operation of the incinerator contains a large number of fly ash particles. If directly discharged without effective treatment, it will cause serious environmental pollution and health hazards. Currently, bag filters are the mainstream technology for incinerator flue gas treatment, but there are still the following technical bottlenecks in practical applications.

[0003] The fly ash particles in the incinerator flue gas have significant differences in particle size distribution: large fly ash particles (>50μm) have large inertia. After directly entering the bag filter, they are likely to impact the surface of the filter bag, resulting in wear and even rupture of the filter bag, shortening the service life. Small fly ash particles (<10μm) are light in weight and have strong penetrability. Traditional dust collectors are difficult to effectively intercept them, easily causing excessive emissions.

[0004] Existing processes attempt to promote the agglomeration of small particles by spraying coagulants, but there are the following problems: Uneven chemical agent spraying: The static spraying method cannot adapt to the dynamic flue gas flow rate, easily causing overuse or insufficient coverage of the coagulant.

[0005] Poor agglomeration effect: Small particles have a short residence time in the high-speed air flow and are discharged before fully contacting the coagulant. The agglomerates are loose and prone to secondary dispersion. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an incinerator fly ash separation and coagulation treatment device based on air flow impact to solve the problems raised in the existing technology.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides a technical solution for an incinerator fly ash separation and coagulation treatment device based on air flow impact. The fly ash separation and coagulation treatment device includes a frame. Along the movement direction of the air flow on the frame, a pretreatment unit, a bag filter, and a dust extraction fan are arranged in sequence. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the incinerator, the air outlet of the pretreatment unit is communicated with the inlet of the bag filter, the pretreatment unit separates fly ash through air flow impact, the air outlet of the bag filter is communicated with the dust extraction fan, and the dust extraction fan is used to drive the flow of the dust-containing air flow.

[0008] The framework is fixed to the ground to provide an installation foundation. The flue gas generated by the incinerator combustion contains a large amount of fly ash, and the sizes of the fly ash particles are inconsistent. The large particles of fly ash have a large inertia and are likely to damage the filter bags of the bag filter. The small particles of fly ash are easy to penetrate the filter bags, resulting in excessive emissions. Therefore, a pretreatment unit is arranged at the front end of the bag filter to pretreat the fly ash and pre-separate the larger and smaller particles in the fly ash. When treating the fly ash, the dust extraction fan is started, which drives the fly ash treated by the pretreatment unit to flow into the bag filter for treatment.

[0009] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit includes an impact component, a dichotomy component, and a coagulation component. The impact component is used to separate the large particles in the fly ash. The dichotomy component is used to separate the medium and small particles in the fly ash. The coagulation component promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying a coagulant.

[0010] For the large particles in the fly ash, the impact component uses compressed air as power and screens out the large particles through the impact force of the air flow. For the small particles in the fly ash, the small particles are separated by the dichotomy component, and then the coagulation component sprays a coagulant to make the small particles agglomerate, thereby increasing their diameter. That is, the fly ash is subjected to multi-stage separation by the pretreatment unit, thus improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, the impact component includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a high-pressure nozzle. The outlet pipe is communicated with the inlet pipe. The outlet of the outlet pipe is communicated with the dichotomy component. The high-pressure nozzle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe, and the high-pressure nozzle is externally connected to a compressed air source. Inside the inlet pipe, a guiding section, an impact section, and a blanking section are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction. The guiding section is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the incinerator. The inlet of the outlet pipe is located at the impact section. The high-pressure nozzle is located at the impact section, and the output end of the high-pressure nozzle faces the inlet of the outlet pipe.

[0012] The flue gas generated by the incinerator flows into the pretreatment unit through the inlet pipe. The flue gas flows to the impact section under the guidance of the guiding section. Since the jet flow generated by the high-pressure nozzle is parallel to the outlet pipe, the movement direction of the flue gas will be deflected. And the large particles in the flue gas are not easily blown by the air flow due to their large weight and will fall into the blanking section under the action of gravity. That is, the large particle fly ash in the flue gas is separated by the impact force of the high-pressure nozzle air flow in cooperation with the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the binary component includes a diversion disk, a shunt plate, and a dust detector. The diversion disk is fixedly connected to the frame. A spiral groove is provided in the diversion disk. The inlet of the spiral groove is communicated with the outlet of the air outlet pipe. The shunt plate is fixedly connected to the diversion disk. The shunt plate is provided with a first outlet and a second outlet. The first outlet is close to the inner circle of the spiral groove, and the second outlet is close to the outer circle of the spiral groove. The dust detector is located at the first outlet. A small particle outlet and a medium particle outlet are provided in the middle of the diversion disk. The first outlet is communicated with the small particle outlet, and the second outlet is communicated with the medium particle outlet.

[0014] The flue gas separated from large particles flows tangentially into the spiral groove in the diversion disk along the air outlet pipe. The dust-containing gas flow will make a spiral movement under the guidance of the spiral groove. Under the action of centrifugal force, the medium particle fly ash with a larger weight is subjected to a larger centrifugal force and tends to be distributed on the outer circle of the spiral groove, while the small particle fly ash with a smaller weight tends to be distributed on the inner circle of the spiral groove. Then, by arranging a shunt plate at the outlet of the spiral groove to guide the flue gas, the flue gas containing small particle fly ash will flow through the first outlet to the small particle outlet, and the flue gas containing medium particle fly ash will flow through the second outlet to the medium particle outlet. That is, through the cooperation of the spiral groove and the shunt plate, the medium particles and small particles in the flue gas are separated; in addition, the dust detector can detect the concentration of small particle fly ash passing through the first outlet in real time.

[0015] Furthermore, the agglomeration component is located at the small particle outlet. The agglomeration component includes a diversion pipe, a water inlet ring, and an air inlet ring. The inlet of the diversion pipe is communicated with the small particle outlet. An expansion section, a spraying port, and a pressurizing port are provided in the diversion pipe. The expansion section is located in the middle of the diversion pipe. The spraying port and the pressurizing port are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the expansion section. The inlet of the water inlet ring is externally connected to a pumped coagulant, and the water inlet ring is communicated with the spraying port. The inlet of the air inlet ring is externally connected to a compressed air source, and the air inlet ring is communicated with the pressurizing port.

[0016] The flue gas flowing out of the small particle outlet will enter the diversion pipe. Through the cooperation of the water inlet ring and the spraying port, the coagulant is sprayed into the diversion pipe, so as to agglomerate the small particle fly ash. In addition, since the fly ash particles formed by agglomeration are relatively loose, in order to prevent the agglomerated fly ash particles from dispersing, an external high-pressure air source is introduced through the pressurizing port to pressurize the inside of the diversion pipe, and the pressure is used to promote the agglomeration of fly ash particles and improve the compactness of the agglomerates, so as to avoid dispersion; in addition, by arranging an expansion section in the diversion pipe, the cross-sectional area of the flow is increased, so as to reduce the flow velocity of the flue gas and extend the residence time of the flue gas in the diversion pipe, thereby increasing the contact time between the coagulant and the fly ash particles and promoting the agglomeration of fly ash.

[0017] Further, a chute is provided on the outer wall of the diversion pipe. The water inlet ring and the air inlet ring are slidably connected to the chute. A water inlet flow channel is provided in the water inlet ring. The water outlet of the water inlet flow channel is communicated with the spraying port. The water outlets of the water inlet flow channel and the spraying port are arranged staggeredly. An air inlet flow channel is provided in the air inlet ring. The air outlet of the air inlet flow channel is communicated with the pressurizing port. The air outlets of the air inlet flow channel and the pressurizing port are arranged staggeredly. A regulating assembly is provided on the diversion pipe, and the regulating assembly is used to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring.

[0018] Through the staggered arrangement of the water outlet of the water inlet flow channel and the spraying port and the air outlet of the air inlet flow channel and the pressurizing port, and the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring can rotate freely along the chute on the diversion pipe. When the dust detector detects an increase in the concentration of small particle fly ash, the regulating assembly drives the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring to rotate by a certain angle, so that the overlapping area of the water outlet of the water inlet flow channel and the spraying port and the air outlet of the air inlet flow channel and the pressurizing port increases, thereby correspondingly increasing the amount of the flocculant flowing into the diversion pipe through the spraying port and increasing the amount of the compressed gas flowing into the diversion pipe through the pressurizing port. That is, it realizes automatically adjusting the amounts of the flocculant and the compressed gas sprayed into the diversion pipe according to the concentration of small particle fly ash, thus improving the agglomeration effect on the fly ash.

[0019] Further, the regulating assembly includes a driving motor, a transmission gear, an arc rack and a connecting rod. The driving motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the diversion pipe. The output end of the driving motor is in transmission connection with the transmission gear. The arc rack is in meshing transmission with the transmission gear. The arc rack is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the water inlet ring, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the air inlet ring.

[0020] When it is necessary to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring, the driving motor starts, drives the transmission gear to rotate, thereby driving the arc rack to deflect by a certain angle, and further causing the connecting rod to deflect by a certain angle, so that the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring fixed to the connecting rod deflect by the same angle.

[0021] Further, heating wires are arranged in the air inlet flow channel, and the heating wires are used to heat the air flowing into the diversion pipe.

[0022] After the fly ash is agglomerated by the flocculant, it is relatively wet. In order to prevent the wet particles from adhering to the pipe wall, the air is heated by the heating wires in the air inlet flow channel, and the wet fly ash is dried by the hot air flow.

[0023] Further, the spraying port and the pressurizing port are arranged obliquely. The inclination direction of the spraying port is the same as the flowing direction of the air flow, and the inclination direction of the pressurizing port is opposite to the flowing direction of the air flow.

[0024] Through the spraying port and the pressurizing port with opposite inclination directions, the incident directions of the flocculant and the pressurized air flow are opposed to each other, thereby increasing the air flow disturbance and promoting the combination of the flocculant and the fly ash.

[0025] Furthermore, the dust detector uses the laser scattering method to detect the dust concentration.

[0026] The laser scattering method measures the dust concentration in the pipeline through the interaction between light and dust particles, and has the advantages of non-contact and real-time monitoring. This is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. High-efficiency classification treatment to protect the service life of the filter bag. The impact component uses the airflow to impact and separate large-particle fly ash, preventing it from directly entering the bag filter and damaging the filter bag; the dichotomy component separates medium particles and small particles through the centrifugal force of the spiral groove, and combines with the diversion plate guidance to ensure the classification treatment of particles with different particle sizes; the agglomeration component promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying the coagulant and pressurized airflow, increasing their diameter, effectively preventing the penetration of the filter bag, and reducing the risk of excessive emissions.

[0028] 2. Intelligent dynamic adjustment to optimize the operation efficiency. The dust detector monitors the small-particle concentration in real time, and the linkage adjustment component automatically adjusts the input amounts of the coagulant and compressed gas to achieve "processing on demand" and avoid waste of resources.

[0029] 3. The expansion section of the diversion pipe reduces the airflow velocity, extends the coagulation reaction time, promotes the full agglomeration of fly ash particles, and the inclined spraying port and pressurization port design form a counter-flow air disturbance to strengthen the mixing effect of the coagulant and fly ash; the heating wire heats the pressurized airflow to dry the wet agglomerated particles, prevent adhesion to the pipe wall, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the pretreatment unit of the present invention; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the dichotomy component; Figure 4 is the partial cross-sectional view of the diversion disk; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the partial enlarged view of part A of Figure 6 is the partial cross-sectional view of the diversion pipe; Figure 7 is Figure 6 the partial enlarged view of part B of Figure 8 is Figure 6 the partial enlarged view of part C of Figure 9 is Figure 6 the partial enlarged view of part D of

[0031] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Pretreatment unit; 21. Impact component; 211. Inlet pipe; 2111. Guide section; 2112. Impact section; 2113. Discharge section; 212. Outlet pipe; 213. High-pressure nozzle; 22. Bifurcation component; 221. Deflector disk; 2211. Spiral groove; 2212. Small particle outlet; 2213. Medium particle outlet; 222. Shunt plate; 2221. First outlet; 2222. Second outlet; 223. Dust detector; 23. Coagulation component; 231. Diversion pipe; 2311. Expansion section; 2312. Spraying port; 2313. Pressure boosting port; 2314. Slide groove; 232. Water inlet ring; 2321. Water inlet flow channel; 233. Air inlet ring; 2331. Air inlet flow channel; 234. Heating wire; 24. Adjustment component; 241. Driving motor; 242. Transmission gear; 243. Arc-shaped rack; 244. Connecting rod; 3. Bag filter; 4. Dust extraction fan. Specific implementation manner

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment: As Figures 1-9 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a fly ash separation and coagulation treatment device based on air flow impact. The fly ash separation and coagulation treatment device includes a frame 1. Along the movement direction of the air flow on the frame 1, a pretreatment unit 2, a bag filter 3, and a dust extraction fan 4 are arranged in sequence. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit 2 is communicated with the smoke outlet of the incinerator, the air outlet of the pretreatment unit 2 is communicated with the inlet of the bag filter 3, the pretreatment unit 2 separates fly ash by air flow impact, the air outlet of the bag filter 3 is communicated with the dust extraction fan 4, and the dust extraction fan 4 is used to drive the dust-containing air flow to flow.

[0034] The frame 1 is fixed on the ground to provide an installation foundation. The flue gas generated by the combustion of the incinerator contains a large amount of fly ash, and the sizes of the fly ash particles are inconsistent. The large-particle fly ash has a large inertia and is easy to damage the filter bag of the bag filter 3. The small-particle fly ash is easy to penetrate the filter bag, resulting in excessive emissions. Therefore, a pretreatment unit 2 is arranged in front of the bag filter 3 to preprocess the fly ash and pre-separate the larger and smaller particles in the fly ash. When treating fly ash, the dust extraction fan 4 is started, so as to drive the fly ash treated by the pretreatment unit 2 to flow into the bag filter 3 for treatment.

[0035] The pretreatment unit 2 includes an impact component 21, a binary separation component 22, and an agglomeration component 23. The impact component 21 is used to separate large particles in the fly ash. The binary separation component 22 is used to separate medium and small particles in the fly ash. The agglomeration component 23 promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying a coagulant.

[0036] For the large particles in the fly ash, the impact component 21 uses compressed air as the power and screens out the large particles through the impact force of the air flow. For the small particles in the fly ash, the binary separation component 22 separates the small particles, and then the agglomeration component 23 sprays a coagulant to make the small particles agglomerate, thereby increasing their diameter. That is, the fly ash is subjected to multi-stage separation by the pretreatment unit 2, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0037] The impact component 21 includes an intake pipe 211, an outlet pipe 212, and a high-pressure nozzle 213. The outlet pipe 212 is communicated with the intake pipe 211. The outlet of the outlet pipe 212 is communicated with the binary separation component 22. The high-pressure nozzle 213 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intake pipe 211, and the high-pressure nozzle 213 is externally connected to a compressed air source. Inside the intake pipe 211, a guiding section 2111, an impact section 2112, and a blanking section 2113 are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction. The guiding section 2111 is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the incinerator. The inlet of the outlet pipe 212 is located at the impact section 2112. The high-pressure nozzle 213 is located at the impact section 2112, and the output end of the high-pressure nozzle 213 faces the inlet of the outlet pipe 212.

[0038] The flue gas generated by the incinerator flows into the pretreatment unit 2 through the intake pipe 211. The flue gas flows to the impact section 2112 under the guidance of the guiding section 2111. Since the jet flow generated by the high-pressure nozzle 213 is parallel to the outlet pipe 212, the movement direction of the flue gas will be deflected. The large particles in the flue gas are not easily blown by the air flow due to their large weight and will fall into the blanking section 2113 under the action of gravity. That is, the large particle fly ash in the flue gas is separated by the impact force of the air flow of the high-pressure nozzle 213 in cooperation with the intake pipe 211 and the outlet pipe 212.

[0039] The binary component 22 includes a diversion disk 221, a shunt plate 222 and a dust detector 223. The diversion disk 221 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. A spiral groove 2211 is provided in the diversion disk 221. The inlet of the spiral groove 2211 is communicated with the outlet of the air outlet pipe 212. The shunt plate 222 is fixedly connected to the diversion disk 221. A first outlet 2221 and a second outlet 2222 are provided on the shunt plate 222. The first outlet 2221 is close to the inner circle of the spiral groove 2211, and the second outlet 2222 is close to the outer circle of the spiral groove 2211. The dust detector 223 is located at the first outlet 2221. A small particle outlet 2212 and a medium particle outlet 2213 are provided in the middle of the diversion disk 221. The first outlet 2221 is communicated with the small particle outlet 2212, and the second outlet 2222 is communicated with the medium particle outlet 2213.

[0040] The flue gas separated from large particles tangentially flows into the spiral groove 2211 in the diversion disk 221 along the air outlet pipe 212. The dust-containing air flow will make a spiral movement under the guidance of the spiral groove 2211. Under the action of centrifugal force, the medium particle fly ash with a larger weight is subjected to a larger centrifugal force and tends to be distributed on the outer circle of the spiral groove 2211, while the small particle fly ash with a smaller weight tends to be distributed on the inner circle of the spiral groove 2211. Then, by arranging the shunt plate 222 at the outlet of the spiral groove 2211 to guide the flue gas, the flue gas containing small particle fly ash will flow through the first outlet 2221 to the small particle outlet 2212, and the flue gas containing medium particle fly ash will flow through the second outlet 2222 to the medium particle outlet 2213. That is, through the cooperation of the spiral groove 2211 and the shunt plate 222, the medium particles and small particles in the flue gas are separated; in addition, the dust detector 223 can detect the concentration of small particle fly ash passing through the first outlet 2221 in real time.

[0041] The agglomeration component 23 is located at the small particle outlet 2212. The agglomeration component 23 includes a diversion pipe 231, a water inlet ring 232 and an air inlet ring 233. The inlet of the diversion pipe 231 is communicated with the small particle outlet 2212. An expansion section 2311, a spraying port 2312 and a pressurizing port 2313 are provided in the diversion pipe 231. The expansion section 2311 is located at the middle position of the diversion pipe 231. The spraying port 2312 and the pressurizing port 2313 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the expansion section 2311. The inlet of the water inlet ring 232 is externally connected to a pumped coagulant, and the water inlet ring 232 is communicated with the spraying port 2312. The inlet of the air inlet ring 233 is externally connected to a compressed air source, and the air inlet ring 233 is communicated with the pressurizing port 2313.

[0042] The flue gas flowing out from the small particle outlet 2212 will enter the diversion pipe 231. Through the cooperation of the water inlet ring 232 and the spraying port 2312, the coagulant is sprayed into the diversion pipe 231, so as to agglomerate the small particle fly ash. In addition, since the fly ash particles formed by agglomeration are relatively loose, in order to prevent the agglomerated fly ash particles from dispersing, an external high-pressure gas source is introduced through the pressure boosting port 2313 to boost the pressure inside the diversion pipe 231. The pressure is used to promote the agglomeration of fly ash particles and improve the compactness of the agglomerates, thus avoiding dispersion. In addition, by arranging an expansion section 2311 inside the diversion pipe 231, the cross-sectional area of the flow-through is increased, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the flue gas and prolonging the residence time of the flue gas in the diversion pipe 231, so as to increase the contact time between the coagulant and the fly ash particles, thereby promoting the agglomeration of fly ash.

[0043] A chute 2314 is provided on the outer wall of the diversion pipe 231. The water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 are slidably connected to the chute 2314. An inlet water flow channel 2321 is provided inside the water inlet ring 232. The water outlet of the inlet water flow channel 2321 is communicated with the spraying port 2312. The water outlets of the inlet water flow channel 2321 and the spraying port 2312 are arranged staggeredly. An inlet air flow channel 2331 is provided inside the air inlet ring 233. The air outlet of the inlet air flow channel 2331 is communicated with the pressure boosting port 2313. The air outlets of the inlet air flow channel 2331 and the pressure boosting port 2313 are arranged staggeredly. An adjusting assembly 24 is provided on the diversion pipe 231. The adjusting assembly 24 is used to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233.

[0044] Through the staggered arrangement of the water outlet of the inlet water flow channel 2321 and the spraying port 2312 and the air outlet of the inlet air flow channel 2331 and the pressure boosting port 2313, and the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 can rotate freely along the chute 2314 on the diversion pipe 231. When the dust detector 223 detects an increase in the concentration of small particle fly ash, the adjusting assembly 24 drives the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 to rotate by a certain angle, so that the overlapping area between the water outlet of the inlet water flow channel 2321 and the spraying port 2312 and the air outlet of the inlet air flow channel 2331 and the pressure boosting port 2313 is increased, thereby correspondingly increasing the amount of coagulant flowing into the diversion pipe 231 through the spraying port 2312 and the amount of compressed gas flowing into the diversion pipe 231 through the pressure boosting port 2313. That is, it realizes the automatic adjustment of the amount of coagulant and compressed gas sprayed into the diversion pipe 231 according to the concentration of small particle fly ash, thereby improving the agglomeration effect of fly ash.

[0045] The adjusting assembly 24 includes a driving motor 241, a transmission gear 242, an arc-shaped rack 243 and a connecting rod 244. The driving motor 241 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the diversion pipe 231. The output end of the driving motor 241 is in transmission connection with the transmission gear 242. The arc-shaped rack 243 is in meshing transmission with the transmission gear 242. The arc-shaped rack 243 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 244. One end of the connecting rod 244 is fixedly connected to the water inlet ring 232, and the other end of the connecting rod 244 is fixedly connected to the air inlet ring 233.

[0046] When it is necessary to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233, the driving motor 241 is started to drive the transmission gear 242 to rotate, thereby driving the arc-shaped rack 243 to deflect a certain angle, and further causing the connecting rod 244 to deflect a certain angle, so that the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 fixed to the connecting rod 244 deflect the same angle.

[0047] Heating wires 234 are arranged in the air inlet flow channel 2331, and the heating wires 234 are used to heat the air flowing into the diversion pipe 231.

[0048] After the fly ash is agglomerated by the coagulant, it is relatively wet. In order to prevent the wet particles from adhering to the pipe wall, the heating wires 234 in the air inlet flow channel 2331 are used to heat the air, and the hot air is used to dry the wet fly ash.

[0049] The spraying ports 2312 and the pressurizing ports 2313 are arranged obliquely. The inclination direction of the spraying ports 2312 is the same as the flowing direction of the air flow, and the inclination direction of the pressurizing ports 2313 is opposite to the flowing direction of the air flow.

[0050] Through the spraying ports 2312 and the pressurizing ports 2313 with opposite inclination directions, the incident directions of the coagulant and the pressurized air flow are opposed to each other, thereby increasing the air flow disturbance and promoting the combination of the coagulant and the fly ash.

[0051] The dust detector 223 detects the dust concentration by the laser scattering method.

[0052] The laser scattering method measures the dust concentration in the pipeline through the interaction between light and dust particles, and has the advantages of non-contact and real-time monitoring. This is the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] Working principle of the present invention: For large particles in fly ash, the impact component 21 uses compressed air as power to screen out large particles through the impact force of the airflow; for small particles in fly ash, the binary component 22 separates the small particles, and then the coagulation component 23 sprays a coagulant to make the small particles agglomerate, thereby increasing their diameter; and through the cooperation of the spiral groove 2211 and the flow dividing plate 222, medium particles and small particles in the flue gas are separated and processed; the flue gas flowing out from the small particle outlet 2212 will enter the diversion pipe 231, and through the cooperation of the water inlet ring 232 and the spraying port 2312, the coagulant is sprayed into the diversion pipe 231, so as to make the small particle fly ash agglomerate. In addition, since the fly ash particles formed by agglomeration are relatively loose, in order to prevent the agglomerated fly ash particles from dispersing, an external high-pressure gas source is introduced through the pressure boosting port 2313 to boost the pressure in the diversion pipe 231, and the pressure is used to promote the agglomeration of fly ash particles and improve the compactness of the agglomerates, so as to avoid dispersion; in addition, by arranging an expansion section 2311 in the diversion pipe 231, the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is increased, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the flue gas and prolonging the residence time of the flue gas in the diversion pipe 231, so as to increase the contact time between the coagulant and the fly ash particles, thereby promoting the agglomeration of fly ash.

[0054] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. An incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment device based on air flow impact, characterized in that: The fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment includes a frame (1). Along the movement direction of the air flow on the frame (1), a pretreatment unit (2), a bag filter (3) and a dust extraction fan (4) are arranged in sequence. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit (2) is communicated with the smoke outlet of the incinerator. The air outlet of the pretreatment unit (2) is communicated with the inlet of the bag filter (3). The pretreatment unit (2) separates fly ash by air flow impact. The air outlet of the bag filter (3) is communicated with the dust extraction fan (4), and the dust extraction fan (4) is used to drive the flow of the dust-containing air flow. The pretreatment unit (2) includes an impact component (21), a binary separation component (22) and an agglomeration component (23). The impact component (21) is used to separate large particles in the fly ash. The binary separation component (22) is used to separate medium particles and small particles of the fly ash. The agglomeration component (23) promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying an agglomerant.

2. The fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact component (21) includes an inlet pipe (211), an outlet pipe (212) and a high-pressure nozzle (213). The outlet pipe (212) is communicated with the inlet pipe (211). The outlet of the outlet pipe (212) is communicated with the binary separation component (22). The high-pressure nozzle (213) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inlet pipe (211), and the high-pressure nozzle (213) is externally connected to a compressed air source. Inside the inlet pipe (211), a guiding section (2111), an impact section (2112) and a blanking section (2113) are arranged in sequence along the air flow direction. The guiding section (2111) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the incinerator. The inlet of the outlet pipe (212) is located at the impact section (2112). The high-pressure nozzle (213) is located at the impact section (2112), and the output end of the high-pressure nozzle (213) faces the inlet of the outlet pipe (212).

3. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: The binary separation component (22) includes a diversion disk (221), a flow splitting plate (222) and a dust detector (223). The diversion disk (221) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). A spiral groove (2211) is arranged inside the diversion disk (221). The inlet of the spiral groove (2211) is communicated with the outlet of the outlet pipe (212). The flow splitting plate (222) is fixedly connected to the diversion disk (221). A first outlet (2221) and a second outlet (2222) are arranged on the flow splitting plate (222). The first outlet (2221) is close to the inner circle of the spiral groove (2211). The second outlet (2222) is close to the outer circle of the spiral groove (2211). The dust detector (223) is located at the first outlet (2221). A small particle outlet (2212) and a medium particle outlet (2213) are arranged in the middle of the diversion disk (221). The first outlet (2221) is communicated with the small particle outlet (2212). The second outlet (2222) is communicated with the medium particle outlet (2213).

4. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 3, characterized in that: The agglomeration component (23) is located at the small particle outlet (2212). The agglomeration component (23) includes a diversion pipe (231), a water inlet ring (232) and an air inlet ring (233). The inlet of the diversion pipe (231) is communicated with the small particle outlet (2212). An expansion section (2311), a spraying port (2312) and a pressure boosting port (2313) are arranged in the diversion pipe (231). The expansion section (2311) is located at the middle position of the diversion pipe (231). The spraying port (2312) and the pressure boosting port (2313) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the expansion section (2311). The inlet of the water inlet ring (232) is externally connected to a pumped coagulant. The water inlet ring (232) is communicated with the spraying port (2312). The inlet of the air inlet ring (233) is externally connected to a compressed air source. The air inlet ring (233) is communicated with the pressure boosting port (2313).

5. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding groove (2314) is arranged on the outer wall of the diversion pipe (231). The water inlet ring (232) and the air inlet ring (233) are slidably connected to the sliding groove (2314). A water inlet flow channel (2321) is arranged in the water inlet ring (232). The water outlet of the water inlet flow channel (2321) is communicated with the spraying port (2312). The water outlet of the water inlet flow channel (2321) and the spraying port (2312) are arranged in a staggered manner. An air inlet flow channel (2331) is arranged in the air inlet ring (233). The air outlet of the air inlet flow channel (2331) is communicated with the pressure boosting port (2313). The air outlet of the air inlet flow channel (2331) and the pressure boosting port (2313) are arranged in a staggered manner. An adjusting component (24) is arranged on the diversion pipe (231). The adjusting component (24) is used to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring (232) and the air inlet ring (233).

6. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting component (24) includes a driving motor (241), a transmission gear (242), an arc rack (243) and a connecting rod (244). The driving motor (241) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the diversion pipe (231). The output end of the driving motor (241) is in transmission connection with the transmission gear (242). The arc rack (243) is in meshing transmission with the transmission gear (242). The arc rack (243) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (244). One end of the connecting rod (244) is fixedly connected to the water inlet ring (232). The other end of the connecting rod (244) is fixedly connected to the air inlet ring (233).

7. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heating wire (234) is arranged in the air inlet flow channel (2331). The heating wire (234) is used to heat the air flowing into the diversion pipe (231).

8. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spraying port (2312) and the pressure boosting port (2313) are arranged obliquely. The inclination direction of the spraying port (2312) is the same as the air flow direction. The inclination direction of the pressure boosting port (2313) is opposite to the air flow direction.

9. The incinerator fly ash separation and agglomeration treatment equipment based on air flow impact according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust detector (223) detects the dust concentration by the laser scattering method.

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