A welding and positioning tool for tread cleaning and air supply units

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of air supply unit welding technology, specifically a welding positioning fixture for a tread-cleaning air supply unit. It includes a workbench and a first gantry frame, which is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench. The air supply unit body is housed inside the first gantry frame, consisting of a U-shaped plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate. The first and second side plates are respectively located at the bottom and top of the U-shaped plate. Elastic plates are provided on the three inner walls of the first gantry frame, and these plates can move closer or further apart to position the U-shaped plate. Fixed plates and elastic pads are respectively provided on the left and right sides above the first side plate. This invention detects the bending deformation of the side plate using a detection spring, controls the corresponding support components to reciprocate in the bending deformation area, corrects and eliminates the bending deformation of the side plate, effectively ensures the surface flatness of the side plate, and significantly improves the welding quality of the air supply unit body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air supply unit welding technology, specifically a tread cleaning air supply unit welding positioning tool. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term operation, locomotive wheel treads are highly susceptible to interference from complex environmental factors. By installing a tread cleaning and air supply unit, contaminated wheel treads can be cleaned to restore the tread adhesion coefficient, ensuring the stability and safety of locomotive operation.

[0003] The tread cleaning air supply unit needs to maintain stable performance under long-term high-load conditions, which mainly depends on the integrity and reliability of its structure. The tread cleaning air supply unit housing is typically constructed by welding a U-shaped plate to two side plates. Therefore, during the welding process of manufacturing the tread cleaning air supply unit housing, the welding quality directly affects the connection strength and sealing performance of the housing.

[0004] When welding the U-shaped plate to the side plate, the high heat generated will cause uneven heating of the side plate, resulting in angular deformation of the side plate towards the weld seam. This causes the spatial position of the side plate to deviate, affecting the structural accuracy and dimensional stability of the entire box.

[0005] Furthermore, rigid mechanical constraints are often used to suppress welding thermal deformation during the welding process. However, while rigid constraints suppress thermal deformation, they also lead to significant constraint thermal stress within the workpiece. This requires the workpiece material to possess sufficient strength to resist this stress, thus placing high demands on the type and strength of the workpiece material. For metallic materials such as copper, aluminum, and their alloys, which have high coefficients of thermal expansion and low yield strength, it is difficult to withstand the constraint thermal stress induced by rigid constraints. The workpiece is prone to irreversible plastic deformation or cracking, severely affecting the welding accuracy and production continuity.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above problems by using a welding and positioning fixture for the tread cleaning air supply unit. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the above problems, this invention provides a welding and positioning fixture for a tread cleaning air supply unit, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding and positioning fixture for a tread cleaning air supply unit, comprising a workbench and a first gantry frame, the first gantry frame being fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, and an air supply unit body being provided inside the first gantry frame, the air supply unit body being composed of a U-shaped plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate being respectively provided at the bottom and top of the U-shaped plate;

[0009] The first portal frame has elastic plates on its three inner walls, and the three elastic plates can move closer or further apart from each other to position the U-shaped plate.

[0010] A fixing plate and an elastic pad are respectively provided on the left and right sides above the first side plate. The elastic pad is located at the bottom of the fixing plate. A detection spring is fixedly connected between the fixing plate and the elastic pad. The fixing plate can move up and down and left and right relative to the first side plate, and drive the detection spring and the elastic pad to move synchronously to clamp the first side plate. The deformation of the first side plate is detected by the change in the compression of the detection spring.

[0011] A support plate and a movable rod are provided below the first side plate. The movable rod is hinged to the bottom of the support plate and can push the support plate to rotate relative to the first side plate according to the change in the compression of the detection spring. The movable rod can change the support angle of the support plate on the first side plate.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting seat is fixedly installed on the side of the elastic plate near the first portal frame, and a telescopic cylinder is installed on the side of the connecting seat away from the elastic plate, and the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the first portal frame;

[0013] A back plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the first gantry frame.

[0014] Preferably, a second portal frame is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench near the side of the first portal frame, a second cylinder is installed on the top of the second portal frame, a slide rail is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder, and slide seats are slidably assembled on both sides of the slide rail.

[0015] Preferably, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate, and the top of the electric push rod is fixed to the slide.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of guide rails are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, a base is slidably mounted on the guide rails, a first cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the base, a hinge shaft is provided on the top of the output end of the first cylinder, and the first cylinder is hinged to the support plate through the hinge shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the number of guide rails is four, and the four guide rails are arranged in a rectangular array along the length direction of the first side plate, with adjacent guide rails abutting each other along the length direction of the first side plate.

[0018] Preferably, guide rods are symmetrically hinged on the left and right sides of the middle part of the output end of the first cylinder, and the movable rod is slidably assembled in the inner cavity of the guide rod.

[0019] Preferably, a permanent magnet is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod located in the inner cavity of the guide rod, and an electromagnetic block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide rod. The magnetic properties of the opposite end faces of the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic block are the same, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the opposite end faces of the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic block.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention monitors the angular deformation of the side plate during the welding process by detecting the spring, and controls the corresponding electromagnetic block, permanent magnet block and movable rod to apply a reaction force to the support plate, effectively suppressing the angular deformation of the side plate, ensuring the welding positioning accuracy of the side plate, and effectively reducing welding defects caused by angular deformation.

[0022] 2. This invention detects the bending deformation of the side plate by detecting the spring, and controls the corresponding support component to reciprocate in the bending deformation area, correcting and eliminating the bending deformation of the side plate, effectively ensuring the surface flatness of the side plate, and significantly improving the welding quality of the air supply unit body. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the welding positioning fixture for the tread cleaning air supply unit of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the welding positioning fixture for the tread cleaning air supply unit of the present invention from another perspective.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carrier component and positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air supply unit body of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement mechanism and clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of section C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first side plate corner deformation structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 10. Carrier assembly; 11. Workbench; 12. First gantry frame; 121. Back plate; 13. Second gantry frame; 20. Positioning mechanism; 21. Telescopic cylinder; 22. Connecting seat; 23. Elastic plate; 30. Support assembly; 31. Guide rail; 32. Base; 33. First cylinder; 34. Support plate; 35. Guide rod; 351. Movable rod; 352. Permanent magnet; 353. Electromagnetic block; 354. Return spring; 40. Displacement mechanism; 41. Second cylinder; 42. Slide rail; 43. Slide seat; 50. Clamping assembly; 51. Electric push rod; 52. Fixed plate; 53. Elastic pad; 60. Air supply unit body; 61. U-shaped plate; 62. First side plate; 63. Second side plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a welding positioning fixture for a tread cleaning air supply unit includes a carrier assembly 10, a positioning mechanism 20, a support assembly 30, a displacement mechanism 40, a clamping assembly 50, and an air supply unit body 60. Multiple positioning mechanisms 20 are mounted on the carrier assembly 10 for positioning the air supply unit body 60. The support assembly 30 is mounted on the carrier assembly 10, providing stable support and generating a reaction force to the air supply unit body 60, effectively suppressing deformation. The displacement mechanism 40 is mounted on the carrier assembly 10 for controlling the clamping assembly 50 to move closer to and further away from the air supply unit body 60. The clamping assembly 50 is mounted on the displacement mechanism 40, detecting deformation of the air supply unit body 60 and positioning and clamping it.

[0038] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 The air supply unit body 60 includes a U-shaped plate 61, a first side plate 62, and a second side plate 63. The left, right, and upper ends of the U-shaped plate 61 abut against the positioning mechanism 20. The first side plate 62 and the second side plate 63 are respectively located at the bottom and top of the U-shaped plate 61. The upper end of the first side plate 62 abuts against the clamping assembly 50, and the lower end of the first side plate 62 abuts against the support assembly 30. During the welding operation, the first side plate 62 is first clamped using the clamping assembly 50 and the support assembly 30, while the U-shaped plate 61 is clamped using the positioning mechanism 20. After welding between the two is completed, the U-shaped plate 61 is removed. Next, the second side plate 63 is clamped using the clamping assembly 50 and the support assembly 30, and the U-shaped plate 61 is flipped and re-clamped for welding of the second side plate 63.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The carrier assembly 10 includes a workbench 11, a first gantry frame 12, and a second gantry frame 13. The first gantry frame 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 11 for the installation of the positioning mechanism 20. A back plate 121 is fixedly installed in the middle of the first gantry frame 12 to limit the backward displacement of the U-shaped plate 61. The second gantry frame 13 is located near the first gantry frame 12 and fixed to the workbench 11 for the installation of the displacement mechanism 40.

[0040] Specifically, there are three sets of positioning mechanisms 20, which are respectively set on the three inner walls of the first portal frame 12. The positioning mechanism 20 includes a telescopic cylinder 21, a connecting seat 22, and an elastic plate 23. The telescopic cylinder 21 is fixed to the inner wall of the first portal frame 12, the connecting seat 22 is fixedly installed on the output end of the telescopic cylinder 21, and the elastic plate 23 is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting seat 22 away from the telescopic cylinder 21. In use, the output end of the telescopic cylinder 21 extends, driving the connecting seat 22 and the elastic plate 23 to move towards the U-shaped plate 61. After the elastic plate 23 comes into contact with the U-shaped plate 61, the elastic properties of the elastic plate 23 are used to flexibly clamp the U-shaped plate 61, avoiding damage to the surface of the U-shaped plate 61 during the clamping process.

[0041] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 There are four support components 30. The four support components 30 are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 11 in a rectangular array. The four support components 30 correspond to the four support points of the first side plate 62 and the second side plate 63 that are supported, forming a stable four-point support structure.

[0042] Specifically, the support assembly 30 includes guide rails 31, a base 32, a first cylinder 33, a support plate 34, and guide rods 35. There are four guide rails 31 arranged in a rectangular array along the length of the first side plate 62 and fixedly installed on the top of the workbench 11, providing a moving path for the support assembly 30. Adjacent guide rails 31 along the length of the first side plate 62 abut against each other, facilitating support of the support assembly 30 at different positions on the bottom of the first side plate 62. The base 32 is slidably mounted on the guide rails 31. The bottom of the first cylinder 33 is fixed to the base 32, allowing the support assembly 30 to move synchronously as the base 32 moves along the guide rails 31. A hinge shaft is provided at the top of the output end of the first cylinder 33. The support plate 34 is hinged to the output end of the first cylinder 33 via the hinge shaft, allowing the support plate 34 to rotate around the hinge shaft, thereby adjusting the support angle of the support plate 34. The top of the support plate 34 abuts against the first side plate 62. In use, the base 32 can drive the first cylinder 33 to reciprocate along the guide rail 31, thereby driving the support plate 34 to reciprocate along the bottom length direction of the first side plate 62, so as to realize the dynamic support of the support plate 34 for different positions of the first side plate 62.

[0043] Each support assembly 30 has two guide rods 35, which are symmetrically hinged on both sides of the output end of the first cylinder 33. A movable rod 351 is slidably connected inside each guide rod 35, and the movable rod 351 is adapted to the inner cavity of the guide rod 35, allowing it to slide along the inner cavity. The end of the movable rod 351 away from the guide rod 35 is hinged to the bottom of the support plate 34. The two guide rods 35 and the support plate 34 together form a stable triangular support structure, thereby enhancing the structural reliability of the support assembly 30. A permanent magnet block 352 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod 351 located within the inner cavity of the guide rod 35, and an electromagnetic block 353 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide rod 35. The opposing end faces of the permanent magnet block 352 and the electromagnetic block 353 have the same magnetism, and a return spring 354 is fixedly connected between the opposing end faces of the permanent magnet block 352 and the electromagnetic block 353.

[0044] When the electromagnetic blocks 353 on both sides are not energized, the return springs 354 on both sides are in a relaxed state, and the support plate 34 remains horizontal. When one electromagnetic block 353 is energized, it generates a magnetic repulsion force on the permanent magnet block 352 on the same side, causing the return spring 354 to be stretched. At the same time, it pushes the movable rod 351 to slide away from the electromagnetic block 353 along the inner cavity of the guide rod 35. The sliding of the movable rod 351 causes the support plate 34 to rotate around the hinge axis, so that the support plate 34 changes from a horizontal state to an inclined state. At the same time, the return spring 354 on the other side is compressed. That is, the deformation of the return springs 354 on both sides is the same but opposite. The symmetrical design of the return springs 354 on both sides, the guide rod 35, and the movable rod 351 can ensure the stability of the support plate 34 during the tilt adjustment process.

[0045] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 The displacement mechanism 40 includes a second cylinder 41, a slide rail 42, and a slide block 43. The second cylinder 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the second portal frame 13. The slide rail 42 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder 41. The slide block 43 is slidably mounted on both sides of the slide rail 42. The output end of the second cylinder 41 extends, causing the slide rail 42 to move towards the direction close to the U-shaped plate 61, thereby driving the slide block 43 to be located above the first side plate 62.

[0046] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The clamping assembly 50 includes an electric push rod 51, a fixed plate 52, and an elastic pad 53. The electric push rod 51 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide block 43, so that the clamping assembly 50 can move synchronously as the slide block 43 moves along the slide rail 42. The fixed plate 52 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 51. The extension and retraction of the output end of the electric push rod 51 drives the fixed plate 52 to move up and down. Multiple detection springs (not marked in the figure) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 52. The ends of the multiple detection springs away from the fixed plate 52 are fixed to the elastic pad 53. The elastic pad 53 is used to detect the movement of the clamping assembly 50. The first side plate 62 is flexibly clamped. When the first side plate 62 is clamped and positioned, the elastic pad 53 abuts against the first side plate 62, and the detection spring is in a compressed state, thereby providing the required clamping force. Compared with rigid mechanical constraints, flexible clamping can avoid significant constraint thermal stress inside the workpiece, thereby preventing the first side plate 62 from being damaged due to constraint thermal stress. When the first side plate 62 undergoes angular deformation, the detection springs of the two sets of clamping components 50 are subjected to uneven forces, resulting in corresponding changes in the deformation of the detection springs, which are used to detect the angular deformation of the first side plate 62.

[0047] Working principle: First, the first side plate 62 is clamped and positioned. The output end of the first cylinder 33 of the four sets of support components 30 is extended by a preset length, so that the support plate 34 forms a stable four-point support plane, and the first side plate 62 to be welded is placed on the support plate 34. Then, the second cylinder 41 is controlled to drive the slide rail 42 to move towards the U-shaped plate 61, so that the clamping component 50 is positioned above the first side plate 62, realizing the position calibration of the clamping component 50 in the width direction of the first side plate 62. The slide block 43 drives the clamping component 50 to move to both ends of the slide rail 42, realizing the position calibration of the clamping component 50 in the length direction of the first side plate 62. The electric push rod 51 is activated, which drives the fixed plate 52 and the elastic pad 53 to move downward. When the elastic pad 53 contacts the top surface of the first side plate 62, pressure is continued to be applied until the spring compression reaches a preset value. The continuous clamping force is generated by detecting the elastic deformation of the spring, which further strengthens the positioning constraint of the first side plate 62.

[0048] Then, the U-shaped plate 61 is clamped and positioned. After the operator pre-aligns the U-shaped plate 61 with the first side plate 62, the output end of the telescopic cylinder 21 of the three positioning mechanisms 20 is extended, causing the connecting seat 22 to drive the elastic plate 23 to move towards the U-shaped plate 61. When the elastic plate 23 contacts the U-shaped plate 61, it flexibly clamps the U-shaped plates 61 of different sizes, achieving effective positioning and constraint of the U-shaped plate 61.

[0049] Next, single-sided weld seam welding and angular deformation suppression. (Reference) Figure 10 Taking the welding of the left side seam as an example, during the welding process of the left side seam of the first side plate 62, the high temperature generated by the welding heat source causes the first side plate 62 to undergo angular deformation towards the weld seam side. This causes the first side plate 62 to detach from the two sets of support components 30 on the left, squeezing the two sets of support components 30 on the right. Consequently, the support plates 34 of the two sets of support components 30 on the right rotate clockwise around the hinge axis. The deformation of the return springs 354 on both sides of the two sets of support components 30 is the same but in opposite directions, and the support plates 34 of the two sets of support components 30 on the right change from a horizontal state to an inclined state. At the same time, the angular deformation of the first side plate 62 causes the compression of the detection spring of the left clamping component 50 to continuously increase, while the compression of the detection spring of the right clamping component 50 decreases. Therefore, the angular deformation of the first side plate 62 can be monitored in real time by detecting changes in the spring compression. The support assembly 30 can then be used to suppress this angular deformation. Specifically, when the compression of the detection spring in the left clamping assembly 50 increases while the compression of the detection spring in the right clamping assembly 50 decreases, it indicates that the first side plate 62 has undergone angular deformation. At this time, the right electromagnetic block 353 of the two right-side support assemblies 30 is energized to generate magnetic repulsion, pushing the permanent magnet block 352 to slide the movable rod 351. This causes the reset springs 354 on both sides of the two right-side support assemblies 30 to return to a relaxed state, and the support plate 34 returns from an inclined state to a horizontal state. This, in turn, applies a reaction force to the angular deformation of the first side plate 62, effectively suppressing it and restoring it to a horizontal state. The first side plate 62 then re-aggregates against the four support plates 34. After the left-side weld is completed, the compression of the detection springs in the two clamping assemblies 50 returns to a preset value, thus ensuring the welding positioning accuracy of the first side plate 62 during the welding process.

[0050] It should be noted that before welding, the U-shaped plate 61 and the first side plate 62 are set in contact, and the U-shaped plate 61 cannot restrain the angular deformation of the first side plate 62.

[0051] Subsequently, the remaining weld seams work in conjunction with the constraints. After the left weld seam is completed, the rigid connection formed in the welded area constrains the first side plate 62. During the welding of the right and rear weld seams, the cured left weld seam acts as a rigid fulcrum, working in conjunction with the clamping force of the support component 30 and the displacement mechanism 40 to construct a multi-fulcrum constraint system. At this point, the stiffness of the first side plate 62 is significantly improved, and the angular deformation caused by high temperature during the welding of the remaining weld seams is effectively weakened. Welding accuracy can be maintained without additional active adjustments, achieving continuity and stability in the welding process.

[0052] Finally, the first side plate 62 is flipped and positioned before welding to the second side plate 63. After the first side plate 62 is welded, the U-shaped plate 61 is removed and flipped 180°, and the second side plate 63 to be welded is placed on the support assembly 30. The above positioning, clamping and welding process is repeated to achieve high-precision welding of the air supply unit body 60, significantly improving the welding quality.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] Based on the technical solution of the above embodiment 1, during the process of suppressing the angular deformation of the first side plate 62 by the support component 30, the support plate 34 outputs a reaction force by actively adjusting the support angle to offset the angular deformation caused by welding. However, since the thickness of the first side plate 62 is usually thin, it may cause the first side plate 62 to form a local downward bending deformation. This local downward bending deformation will reduce the surface flatness of the first side plate 62 and seriously affect the welding quality.

[0055] To solve the above problems, after the "single-sided weld and angular deformation suppression" process of the first side plate 62 is completed, the detection spring and the support plate 34 work together to detect and eliminate local bending deformation, specifically:

[0056] First, the bending deformation area is detected. The slide blocks 43 on both sides of the control slide rail 42 slide towards each other, driving the clamping assembly 50 to move along the length of the top of the first side plate 62. During this process, the detection spring continuously senses changes in contact pressure. Since the bending deformation direction is downward, when passing through the bending deformation area, the force on the detection spring decreases and it elongates, and its compression decreases accordingly, so as to achieve accurate positioning and point detection of the bending deformation area.

[0057] Then, the bending deformation is eliminated. Taking a local bending deformation on the left side of the first side plate 62 as an example, the left clamping assembly 50 is controlled to stay above the bending deformation area, and then the two sets of support assemblies 30 on the left are driven to slide along the guide rail 31 to the bending deformation area. At this time, the support plate 34 applies an upward supporting force to the bent part, and controls the support plate 34 to reciprocate in the bending deformation area. Through continuous pressure and dynamic adjustment, the bending deformation of the first side plate 62 is corrected and eliminated. When the compression of the detection spring returns to the preset value, it indicates that the bending deformation of the first side plate 62 has been effectively eliminated, effectively ensuring the surface flatness of the first side plate 62 and significantly improving the welding quality of the air supply unit body 60.

[0058] Next, the process is connected. After confirming that the bending deformation has been eliminated, the clamping assembly 50 and the support assembly 30 are restored to their initial positions to prepare for subsequent processes such as "remaining weld welding and constraint coordination" and "flipping positioning and welding of the second side plate 63", thus completing all welding work on the air supply unit body 60.

[0059] Example 3:

[0060] This embodiment specifically discloses a welding method using a welding positioning fixture for a tread cleaning air supply unit as described in Embodiments 1 and 2, including the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Use the support component 30 and the clamping component 50 to clamp and position the first side plate 62, and use the positioning mechanism 20 to clamp and position the U-shaped plate 61 to achieve positioning constraint on the air supply unit body 60.

[0062] Step 2: Weld the short side weld on one side of the first side plate 62. Monitor the angular deformation of the first side plate 62 by using a detection spring. When the first side plate 62 undergoes angular deformation, control the corresponding electromagnetic block 353 to be energized, causing the support plate 34 to apply a reaction force to the angular deformation of the first side plate 62.

[0063] Step 3: Control the slide blocks 43 on both sides of the slide rail 42 to slide towards each other. The bending deformation of the first side plate 62 is detected by the detection spring. When the first side plate 62 is bent and deformed, the corresponding support component 30 is controlled to reciprocate in the bending deformation area until the compression of the detection spring is restored to the preset value. Then, the clamping component 50 and the support component 30 are controlled to return to the initial position.

[0064] Step 4: Weld the remaining weld between the first side plate 62 and the U-shaped plate 61 to complete the welding of the first side plate 62.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0066] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding positioning fixture for a tread cleaning air supply unit, comprising a workbench (11) and a first gantry frame (12), the first gantry frame (12) being fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (11), characterized in that: The first portal frame (12) is equipped with an air supply unit body (60), which is composed of a U-shaped plate (61), a first side plate (62), and a second side plate (63). The first side plate (62) and the second side plate (63) are respectively located at the bottom and top of the U-shaped plate (61). The first portal frame (12) has elastic plates (23) on its three inner walls, and the three elastic plates (23) can move closer or further away from each other to position the U-shaped plate (61). A fixing plate (52) and an elastic pad (53) are respectively provided on the left and right sides above the first side plate (62). The elastic pad (53) is located at the bottom of the fixing plate (52). A detection spring is fixedly connected between the fixing plate (52) and the elastic pad (53). The fixing plate (52) can move up and down and left and right relative to the first side plate (62) and drive the detection spring and the elastic pad (53) to move synchronously to clamp the first side plate (62) and detect the deformation of the first side plate (62) by the change in the compression of the detection spring. A support plate (34) and a movable rod (351) are provided below the first side plate (62). The movable rod (351) is hinged to the bottom of the support plate (34) and can push the support plate (34) to rotate relative to the first side plate (62) according to the change of the spring compression. The movable rod (351) can change the support angle of the support plate (34) on the first side plate (62). Multiple guide rails (31) are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (11). A base (32) is slidably mounted on the guide rails (31). A first cylinder (33) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (32). A hinge shaft is provided on the top of the output end of the first cylinder (33). The first cylinder (33) is hinged to the support plate (34) through the hinge shaft. Guide rods (35) are symmetrically hinged on the left and right sides of the middle of the output end of the first cylinder (33). A movable rod (351) is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the guide rod (35). A permanent magnet block (352) is fixedly connected to the end of the movable rod (351) located in the inner cavity of the guide rod (35). An electromagnetic block (353) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide rod (35). The magnetic properties of the opposite end faces of the permanent magnet block (352) and the electromagnetic block (353) are the same. A reset spring (354) is fixedly connected between the opposite end faces of the permanent magnet block (352) and the electromagnetic block (353).

2. The welding positioning fixture for the tread cleaning and air supply unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting seat (22) is fixedly installed on the side of the elastic plate (23) close to the first portal frame (12), and a telescopic cylinder (21) is installed on the side of the connecting seat (22) away from the elastic plate (23). The telescopic cylinder (21) is fixed to the inner wall of the first portal frame (12). A back plate (121) is fixedly installed in the middle of the first portal frame (12).

3. The welding positioning fixture for the tread cleaning and air supply unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second gantry frame (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the workbench (11) near the first gantry frame (12). A second cylinder (41) is installed on the top of the second gantry frame (13). A slide rail (42) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder (41). Slide seats (43) are slidably mounted on both sides of the slide rail (42).

4. The welding positioning fixture for the tread cleaning and air supply unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electric push rod (51) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate (52), and the top of the electric push rod (51) is fixed to the slide (43).

5. The welding positioning fixture for the tread cleaning and air supply unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of guide rails (31) is four. The four guide rails (31) are arranged in a rectangular array along the length direction of the first side plate (62), and two adjacent guide rails (31) along the length direction of the first side plate (62) abut against each other.

Images