Magnetic fixture for positioning wheels of trucks and passenger cars

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic fixture for positioning wheels of trucks and passenger cars, which comprises a fixture main plate with three abduction positioning arms, and a central spindle for mounting a wheel target is mounted in the middle of the outer side of the fixture main plate; the three outwards-extending positioning arms on the inner side of the clamp main plate are each provided with a magnetic attraction positioning assembly used for being attracted and positioned to the plane of a wheel hub. The clamp is used for all truck and passenger car positioning instruments, the center main shaft of the clamp does not need to rotate when the clamp is used for photoelectric positioning, the center main shaft can rotate relative to the clamp without pushing or backing up when the clamp is used for 3D positioning, and the problems that pushing is strenuous and the rotation angle is difficult to accurately control in the measurement process of a traditional clamp are solved. And the magnet of a conical surface structure is adopted for automatic alignment and rapid adsorption positioning, the positioning operation efficiency and the positioning accuracy are improved, and compared with a traditional clamp, the clamp is more accurate, rapid and controllable. The safety lock assembly further improves the operation stability of the clamp, and the clamp is prevented from losing stability and falling off in the process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a magnetic adsorption type fixture for the wheel alignment of trucks and buses, belonging to the technical field of wheel alignment fixture structures. Background Art

[0003] At present, the two mainstream alignment methods commonly used in the market include photoelectric alignment and 3D alignment. Among them, for the photoelectric alignment instrument, the measuring head of the photoelectric sensor is directly installed on the wheel or axle. Due to the relatively poor measurement environment of trucks and buses, most of the detections are carried out outdoors. If the photoelectric sensor or the wheel fixture is misaligned, data inaccuracy may occur. Therefore, the alignment technician has to frequently judge whether the alignment instrument is accurate or often send it back to the factory for calibration. It highly depends on the experience of the maintenance technician in judging the accuracy of the equipment, which is very likely to cause incorrect alignment of trucks and buses. 3D alignment is currently mainly used for small cars. Although the technology of the 3D four-wheel alignment instrument for cars is relatively mature and has been popularized in repair shops and quick repair shops in the past 20 years, it cannot replace the wheel and axle alignment instrument for trucks and buses. One reason is reflected in the aspect of pushing the vehicle: for car alignment, it is necessary to push the vehicle backward to rotate the target target installed on the wheel by a certain angle, calculate the target vector through the camera, and then calculate the measurement result through the software. Because the self-weight of a car is lighter than that of a truck and the resistance is smaller, one person can completely complete the vehicle pushing action. However, the self-weight of a truck is relatively heavy and the driving resistance is large. It is impossible to push or reverse the vehicle statically and can only be operated by starting the vehicle. The vibration generated by the wheels during the operation of the engine will cause the vibration of the target target at the same time, resulting in errors when the camera measures the target vector. After multiple tests, different errors will occur due to vehicle vibration every time the target vector is measured. The greater the vibration, the greater the error, and the vibration frequency of each vehicle and each measurement is not exactly the same. Consequently, large errors also occur in each alignment measurement result. Secondly, in terms of the camera, the 3D four-wheel alignment of cars is basically installed indoors at a fixed position. The alignment instrument consists of a relatively long cross beam, and two cameras are respectively installed at both ends of the cross beam, and it is used in conjunction with a four-column or scissor lift. Most of the domestic truck and bus repair shops conduct alignment repairs outdoors or in parking lots, and it is impossible to fix the installation position of the alignment instrument. Also, due to the long body of trucks and buses, it is inconvenient to move the vehicle to a fixed position for alignment repair. Therefore, the alignment instrument for trucks and buses needs to be mobile to facilitate operation. Due to the wide body of trucks and buses, like the camera cross beam of the 3D four-wheel alignment instrument for cars, the alignment instrument for trucks and buses requires a longer cross beam for installing cameras, which makes it very inconvenient to move.

[0004] In addition, traditional positioning wheel clamps are all four-jaw or three-jaw types, installed at the edge of the wheel hub and tire bead. Due to the large load of trucks, there will be errors at most of the wheel hub edges. Only by rotating the wheel can the errors brought by the clamp be compensated. The workload of rotating the wheel is extremely large. Especially for the drive axle, due to the linkage with the rear axle and the drive shaft, it is even more difficult to rotate. In addition, when compensating the wheel, a jack is needed to lift the axle, and the wheel is rotated when it is in a suspended state. At this time, the vehicle will have errors due to kingpin clearance, wheel bearing clearance, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the various problems mentioned above, and further provides a magnetic adsorption type clamp for the wheel alignment of trucks and buses.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A magnetic adsorption type clamp for the wheel alignment of trucks and buses, including a clamp main board with three outwardly extending positioning arms, and a central spindle for installing a wheel target is installed in the middle of the outer side of the clamp main board; a magnetic adsorption positioning component for adsorbing and positioning with the wheel hub plane is assembled on each of the three outwardly extending positioning arms on the inner side of the clamp main board.

[0007] The magnetic adsorption positioning component includes a column connected to the outwardly extending positioning arm, a positioning sleeve fixed at the end of the column, a sliding rod movably sleeved inside the column, a sliding rod handle installed at the upper end of the column for driving and connecting the sliding rod, a magnet component fixed at the lower end of the sliding rod and located inside the positioning sleeve, and a spring pressed between the magnet component and the positioning sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the central spindle includes a main board connection part and a target connection part. The main board connection part is rotatably installed on the clamp main board and is provided with a spindle rotation handle. Through the spindle rotation handle, the central spindle can rotate relative to the clamp main board; the target connection part is located at the front end of the main board connection part and is an integral structure with it. It has a target jack in the middle and a locking screw hole radially opened and communicating with the target jack. A target locking handle is installed in the locking screw hole for locking and fixing the wheel target inserted into the target jack.

[0009] Furthermore, the central spindle is installed at the center of the outer end face of the clamp main board through bearing one, bearing two, a spindle bolt, and a spindle end cover. Among them, bearing one and bearing two are respectively installed on both sides of the front and rear end faces of the clamp main board. The spindle bolt sequentially passes through bearing two, the spindle center hole, and bearing one from the inner side of the clamp main board and then is threadedly connected to the inner hole of the central spindle; thus, the central spindle is rotatably installed on the clamp main board.

[0010] Further, an angular scale value is provided at a position corresponding to the spindle rotation handle on the surface of the fixture main board, i.e., above the central spindle. The spindle rotation handle adjusts the target angle on the central spindle based on the calibrated angular scale value.

[0011] Further, an adjustment sliding groove is provided on the abduction positioning arm. One end of the column is installed in the adjustment sliding groove through a column base and a column knob, and the other end of the column is fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve via a positioning sleeve end cap.

[0012] Further, the magnet assembly includes two magnet sleeves, namely magnet sleeve one and magnet sleeve two, sleeved together with each other, and a magnet installed between the two magnet sleeves. One end of magnet sleeve one is fixedly connected to the end of the slide bar, and the adsorption surface of the magnet is configured as a conical surface structure adapted to the bolts on the outer side of the wheel hub.

[0013] Further, both the front and back surfaces of the fixture main board have a predetermined planar accuracy. The connection between the column and the column base is a threaded connection and can achieve the precise position among the three positioning sleeves. In the adsorption state, the conical surface structure of the magnet is adsorbed and fixed to the wheel hub bolts, and the end surface of the positioning sleeve abuts and cooperates with the wheel hub plane.

[0014] Further, a safety lock assembly is installed on the inner end surface in the middle of the fixture main body. The safety lock assembly includes a safety lock base, a safety lock bearing placed inside the safety lock base, a safety lock flywheel installed on the safety lock bearing, and a coil spring configured inside the safety lock flywheel. One end of the coil spring is hooked on the safety lock flywheel, and the other end is hooked on the shaft of the safety lock base. One end of the safety lock flywheel is connected to a wire rope, and the wire rope extends out of the safety lock base via a pulley and is fixed to a safety lock hook, which is used to hook on the ventilation opening of the wheel hub.

[0015] Further, three groups of the same letter points are respectively provided on the three abduction positioning arms of the fixture main board, and the letter points are calibrated based on the number and pitch circle diameter of the wheel hub bolts of different vehicle models.

[0016] The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel alignment of the present invention is applicable to all truck and bus aligners. In particular, the designed central spindle can rotate relative to the fixture. When applicable to 3D alignment, there is no need to push the vehicle or reverse, reducing the problems of laborious vehicle pushing and difficult precise control of the rotation angle during the measurement process with traditional fixtures. The conical magnet in the magnetic adsorption positioning component can automatically align and quickly adsorb and position, improving the positioning operation efficiency and positioning accuracy, being more precise, fast and controllable compared with traditional fixtures. At the same time, in the state of magnet adsorption, the end surface of the positioning sleeve abuts and cooperates with the wheel hub plane, further ensuring the adsorption positioning cooperation accuracy with the wheel hub plane as the reference. The safety lock assembly increases the operation stability of the fixture and avoids the fixture from falling unstably during the process. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 : Overall structural diagram of the magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel alignment in the first embodiment; Figure 2 : Figure 1 Rear view of Figure 3 : Exploded view of the overall structure of the magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel alignment in the first embodiment; Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic adsorption positioning component; Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the safety lock component; In the figure, 100 is the fixture main board, 110 is the central main shaft, 111a is the first bearing, 111b is the second bearing, 112 is the main shaft bolt, 113 is the main shaft end cover, 114 is the main shaft rotation handle, 115 is the target locking handle, 120 is the outrigger positioning arm, 121 is the adjustment chute, 130 is the column, 131 is the column base, 132 is the column knob, 140 is the slide bar, 150 is the positioning sleeve, 151 is the positioning sleeve end cover, 160 is the slide bar handle, 161 is the handle bracket, 170 is the magnet component, 171 is the first magnet sleeve, 172 is the second magnet sleeve, 173 is the magnet, 174 is the spring, 180 is the safety lock component, 181 is the safety lock base, 182 is the safety lock bearing, 183 is the safety lock flywheel, 184 is the spiral spring, 186 is the pulley, 187 is the safety lock hook. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Embodiment 1 A magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel alignment includes a fixture main board 100 made of aluminum alloy material. Both the front and back surfaces of the fixture main board 100 are processed by a high-precision grinding machine to ensure the flatness accuracy of both surfaces. A central main shaft 110 is rotatably installed on the outer end face of the fixture main board 100, and a wheel target is installed through the central main shaft 110. Three outrigger positioning arms 120 extend outward at a predetermined angle around the fixture main board 100, and three magnetic adsorption positioning components are respectively assembled on the inner side of the fixture main board 100 through the three outrigger positioning arms 120. Adjustment chutes 121 are provided on the three outrigger positioning arms 120, and the end parts of the magnetic adsorption positioning components are respectively installed in the adjustment chutes 121, and the adsorption positions of the magnetic adsorption positioning components can be adjusted through the adjustment chutes 121. The three magnetic adsorption positioning components are respectively used for adsorbing and installing on three bolts on the wheel hub plane. A safety lock component 180 is installed on the inner end face in the middle of the fixture main board 100, and the safety lock component 180 is used for hanging at the wheel hub ventilation opening.

[0020] The central main shaft 110 is installed at the center of the outer end face of the fixture main board 100 through the first bearing 111a, the second bearing 111b, the main shaft bolt 112, and the main shaft end cover 113. Among them, the first bearing 111a and the second bearing 111b are respectively installed on both sides of the front and rear end faces of the fixture main board 100. The main shaft bolt 112 sequentially passes through the second bearing 111b, the central hole of the main shaft, and the first bearing 111a from the inner side of the fixture main board 100 and then is threadedly connected to the inner hole of the central main shaft 110; thus, the central main shaft 110 is rotatably installed on the fixture main board 100. The central main shaft 110 includes a main board connection part and a target connection part. The main board connection part is installed on the first bearing 111a, and the main board connection part is provided with a main shaft rotation handle 114. Through the main shaft rotation handle 114, the central main shaft 110 can be driven to rotate relative to the fixture main board 100; the target connection part is located at the front end of the main board connection part and is an integral structure therewith. It has a target insertion hole in the middle and a locking screw hole radially opened and communicating with the target insertion hole. A target locking handle 115 is installed in the locking screw hole. The wheel target is inserted into the target insertion hole of the central main shaft 110. By screwing the threaded rod of the target locking handle 115 into the locking screw hole, the target can be tightly fixed. At the position corresponding to the main shaft rotation handle 114 on the surface of the fixture main board 100, that is, above the central main shaft 110, angle scale values are provided. The main shaft rotation handle 114 can adjust the target angle on the central main shaft 110 based on the angle scale values.

[0021] The magnetic adsorption positioning components on the three outward positioning arms 120 of the fixture main board 100 have the same structure, and each includes a column 130, a slide rod 140 sleeved inside the column 130, and a positioning sleeve 150 fixed at the end of the column 130. The upper end of the slide rod 140 is driven and connected by a slide rod handle 160, and the lower end is connected with a magnet assembly 170.

[0022] One end of the column 130 is installed on the outward positioning arm 120 through a column base 131 and a column knob 132, and the column base 131 is threadedly connected to the end of the column 130. The adsorption positions of the three positioning sleeves 150 can be adjusted through this connection. The other end of the column 130 is fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve 150 via a positioning sleeve end cover 151.

[0023] The slide rod 140 is sleeved inside the column 130. One end of it is connected and driven by a slide rod handle 160 installed on the column 130, and the other end extends into the positioning sleeve 150 and is connected to the magnet assembly 170; when the slide rod handle 160 is pulled, the slide rod 140 can be driven to slide inside the column 130, and at the same time, the magnet assembly 170 is driven to move up and down inside the positioning sleeve 150.

[0024] The magnet assembly 170 includes two magnet sleeves 171 and 172 sleeved on each other, and a magnet 173 installed between the two magnet sleeves. One end of the magnet sleeve 171 is provided with a screw hole and is threadedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 140 through the screw hole. The adsorption surface of the magnet 173 is a conical structure adapted to the bolts on the outer side of the wheel hub.

[0025] A long slot hole is opened at the upper end of the column 130, and a handle bracket 161 is installed at the long slot hole. The sliding rod handle 160 is rotatably installed on the handle bracket 161, and its connecting end extends into the interior of the column 130 through the long slot hole and is connected to the end of the sliding rod 140. Its operating handle is located outside the column 130 for personnel to hold and operate.

[0026] A spring 174 is provided between the magnet sleeve 171 and the positioning sleeve 150. When the sliding rod handle 160 is operated downward, the sliding rod 140 pushes the magnet assembly 170 downward, and the magnet sleeve 170 compresses the spring 174 and acts on the limiting platform of the positioning sleeve 150. After the magnet 173 aligns with the bolts on the wheel hub and firmly adsorbs them, the sliding rod handle 160 is released, and the spring 174 will release the compression energy and act on the magnet sleeve 171 and the upper sliding rod 140 in the reverse direction.

[0027] The safety lock assembly 180 includes a safety lock base 181, a safety lock bearing 182 placed inside the safety lock base 181, a safety lock flywheel 183 installed on the safety lock bearing 182. A coil spring 184 is installed inside the safety lock flywheel 183. One end of the coil spring 184 is hooked on the safety lock flywheel 183, and the other end is hooked on the shaft of the safety lock base 181. One end of the safety lock flywheel 183 is connected to a wire rope. The wire rope extends out of the safety lock base 181 through a pulley 186 and is fixed to a safety lock hook 187. The safety lock hook 187 is mutually clamped and positioned with the outer wall of the safety lock base 181 through its own shape adaptation structure. When in use, just remove the safety lock hook 187 from the safety lock base 181 and pull the wire rope outward to hook it on the ventilation opening of the wheel hub.

[0028] In order to achieve the rapid positioning of the bolts of different vehicle wheel hubs, the surface of the fixture main board 100 is marked with the number of bolts and the pitch circle diameter of the vehicle wheel hubs of different models (PCD refers to the diameter of the circle formed by the centers of the bolt holes on the wheel hub, that is, the pitch circle diameter, which is an important parameter of the wheel hub), and a plurality of corresponding letters are determined according to the number and diameter of the bolts. For example, the positioning points marked by 7 letters A - G in this embodiment. Correspondingly, the corresponding letters are marked on the three outstretched positioning arms 120 on the fixture main board 100 respectively.

[0029] The wheel alignment magnetic adsorption type fixture for trucks and buses in this embodiment has the following technical advantages: (1)Based on the wheel hub plane Solution: The outer edge of the wheel hub top (near the tire bead position) is prone to deformation, which will cause positioning measurement errors. The only solution to this error is to rotate the wheel and use the coaxiality compensation method of the wheel.

[0030] Advantages: No need for wheel rotation compensation, which can save workload and increase accuracy.

[0031] (2)Magnetic adsorption tire bolt type positioning fixture Solution: There is no need for the tire clamping arm of the traditional fixture, and the aluminum alloy wheel hub can also be used normally. Solve the problem of the center point of the fixture centered on the tire bolts around the wheel hub. Advantages: Fast installation speed (3)The developed conical magnet can automatically find the center point of the wheel Solution: When measuring the kingpin inclination and caster angle, it is necessary to ensure that the center point of the fixture is consistent with the center point of the tire. Advantages: Can quickly align with the bolt center and automatically adsorb and align.

[0032] (4)Quick switching among multiple vehicle models Advantages: Adapt to multiple vehicle models, and quickly switch the wheel hubs with 10 tire bolts, 8 tire bolts, 6 tire bolts, and 5 tire bolts, solving the universality problem of the positioning fixture for light trucks and heavy trucks. (5)Applicable to steel rims or aluminum alloy wheel hubs Advantages: The magnetic adsorption tire bolt type positioning fixture can solve the magnetic adsorption universality problem of aluminum alloy wheel hubs and steel rims. Since all tire bolts are made of steel, it is applicable to all truck and bus models.

[0033] (6)Planar three-jaw type Solution: The plane is made of aluminum plate and is not easy to deform. The three jaws will not warp like the four-jaw fixture and adsorb more precisely.

[0034] Advantages: Extremely high precision, no need for frequent calibration.

[0035] (7)Fixture precision calibration function Solution: If there are errors in the machining precision, the length of the clamping jaw can be adjusted to calibrate the fixture precision.

[0036] Advantages: Can conveniently and quickly calibrate the fixture precision.

[0037] (8)Applicable to all truck and bus aligners at the same time Solution: Solve the disadvantages of inaccurate fixtures of truck and bus optical aligners, such as the need for dynamic compensation of the wheel, and cumbersome installation.

[0038] Advantages: All aligners do not require dynamic compensation, saving the operation process of rotating the tire, high precision, fast installation, and not easy to deform.

[0039] (9) Fixture anti - detachment expander Solution: Prevent the fixture from falling off due to unstable installation Advantages: Telescopic steel wire rope design, convenient operation, small occupied space (10) Quick adjustment for use with various vehicle wheel hubs Solution: Quickly find and adjust the column size according to the tire bolt hole pitch mark Advantages: Adjustment chute design, quickly find the suitable tire bolt hole pitch according to the diagram, only need to loosen the column fixing knob for convenient and fast adjustment.

[0040] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments discussed above. The above description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions involved in the present invention. Obvious transformations, substitutions or combinations based on the inspiration of the present invention should also be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The above - mentioned specific embodiments are used to disclose the best implementation methods of the present invention, so that those of ordinary skill in the art can apply various embodiments and various alternative methods of the present invention to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. Magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel alignment, characterized in that, It includes a fixture main board with three abduction positioning arms, and a central spindle for installing a wheel target is installed in the middle of the outer side of the fixture main board; a magnetic adsorption positioning component for adsorbing and positioning with the wheel hub plane is assembled on each of the three abduction positioning arms on the inner side of the fixture main board.

2. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic adsorption positioning component includes a column connected to the abduction positioning arm, a positioning sleeve fixed at the end of the column, a sliding rod movably sleeved inside the column, a sliding rod handle installed at the upper end of the column for driving and connecting the sliding rod, a magnet component fixed at the lower end of the sliding rod and located inside the positioning sleeve, and a spring pressed between the magnet component and the positioning sleeve.

3. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 2, wherein the central spindle includes a main board connection part and a target connection part. The main board connection part is rotatably installed on the fixture main board and is provided with a spindle rotation handle. The central spindle can be rotated relative to the fixture main board through the spindle rotation handle; the target connection part is located at the front end of the main board connection part and is an integral structure with it. It has a target jack in the middle and a locking screw hole radially penetrating through to the target jack. A target locking handle is installed in the locking screw hole for locking and fixing the wheel target inserted into the target jack.

4. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 3, wherein the central spindle is installed at the center of the outer end face of the fixture main board through bearing one, bearing two, a spindle bolt, and a spindle end cover. Among them, bearing one and bearing two are respectively installed on both sides of the front and rear end faces of the fixture main board. The spindle bolt sequentially penetrates through bearing two, the spindle center hole, and bearing one from the inner side of the fixture main board and then is threadedly connected to the inner hole of the central spindle; thus, the central spindle is rotatably installed on the fixture main board.

5. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 4, wherein angle scale values are set at the position corresponding to the spindle rotation handle on the surface of the fixture main board, that is, above the central spindle. The spindle rotation handle adjusts the target angle on the central spindle based on the calibrated angle scale values.

6. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 5, wherein adjustment chutes are provided on the abduction positioning arms. One end of the column is installed in the adjustment chute through a column base and a column knob, and the other end of the column is fixedly connected to the positioning sleeve through a positioning sleeve end cover.

7. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 6, wherein the magnet component includes two magnet sleeves one and two sleeved together with each other, and a magnet installed between the two magnet sleeves. One end of the magnet sleeve one is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod, and the adsorption surface of the magnet is configured as a conical surface structure adapted to the outer side bolts of the hub.

8. The magnetic adsorption type fixture for truck and bus wheel positioning according to claim 7, wherein Both the front and back sides of the fixture main board have a predetermined planar accuracy. The column is threadedly connected to the column base and can achieve the precise positioning of the three positioning sleeves. In the adsorption state, the conical surface structure of the magnet is adsorbed and fixed to the wheel hub bolt, and the end face of the positioning sleeve abuts and cooperates with the wheel hub plane.

9. The truck and bus wheel positioning magnetic adsorption type fixture according to claim 8, wherein A safety lock assembly is installed on the inner end face of the middle part of the fixture body. The safety lock assembly includes a safety lock base, a safety lock bearing placed inside the safety lock base, a safety lock flywheel installed on the safety lock bearing, and a coil spring configured inside the safety lock flywheel. One end of the coil spring is hooked on the safety lock flywheel, and the other end is hooked on the shaft of the safety lock base. One end of the safety lock flywheel is connected to a wire rope, and the wire rope extends out of the safety lock base through a pulley and is fixed to a safety lock hook. The safety lock hook is used to hook on the wheel hub ventilation port.

10. The truck and bus wheel positioning magnetic adsorption type fixture according to claim 9, wherein Three sets of the same letter points are respectively arranged on the three outward extension positioning arms of the fixture main board. The letter points are calibrated based on the number and pitch circle diameter of the hub bolts of different vehicle models.

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