Photovoltaic structure applied to water surface

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic structure applied to a water surface, which comprises a photovoltaic array, and the photovoltaic array is rectangular; the photovoltaic array is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic structures; the photovoltaic structure comprises a floating body; a mounting frame is mounted above the floating body; the mounting frame comprises a supporting plate; two photovoltaic panels are mounted at the top of the supporting plate, and a partition plate is arranged between the two photovoltaic panels; the four corners of the supporting plate are fixedly connected with supporting rods, and the bottom end faces of the four supporting rods are flush. The four supporting rods are all installed on the floating body. Protection mechanisms are arranged on all photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, and all the protection mechanisms face the periphery of the photovoltaic array; the protection mechanism is used for protecting the photovoltaic structure; and by arranging the protection mechanism, the photovoltaic structure can be protected, so that the stability of the photovoltaic structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic structure applied to water surfaces. Background Art

[0002] An off-grid floating PV power station refers to a PV power station built on the water surfaces of ponds, natural lakes, reservoirs, water storage ponds, and lakes formed in coal mining subsidence areas. The PV power station built on the sea also belongs to a type of off-grid floating PV power station; as a new utilization method of photovoltaic power generation, according to different foundation types, off-grid floating PV power stations are mainly divided into two categories: pile foundation fixed type and floating type;

[0003] Among them, the floating off-grid floating PV power station uses floating bodies to float the PV modules on the water surface. The floating bodies are usually made of light and corrosion-resistant materials such as high-density polyethylene and fiberglass, and are fixed to the bottom of the water through anchor chains. The position can be adjusted according to light and hydrological conditions, without being restricted by water depth, and can be installed in deeper waters.

[0004] When a floating off-grid floating PV power station is built in a reservoir or used at sea, when there are waves on the water surface, if the moving waves directly act on the floating bodies of the floating off-grid floating PV power station, it will impact the floating bodies, and the impact force of the waves will directly act on the floating bodies, easily causing the support frames for installing the PV panels to deform and loosen, affecting the stability of the PV panels;

[0005] At the same time, if the moving waves carry garbage and act on the position of the floating bodies, the garbage will accumulate around the floating bodies. If some garbage is corrosive, it will corrode the floating bodies, thereby reducing the service life of the floating bodies. At the same time, when some sharp garbage impacts the floating bodies, it will easily scratch or even damage the floating bodies. If the floating bodies are damaged, the buoyancy of the floating bodies will be reduced, and even sinking may occur. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic structure applied to water surfaces. By setting a protection mechanism, the photovoltaic structure can be protected, thereby improving the stability of the photovoltaic structure; the specific structure is as follows;

[0007] A photovoltaic structure applied to water surfaces includes a photovoltaic array, and the photovoltaic array is rectangular; the photovoltaic array is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic structures;

[0008] The photovoltaic structure includes a floating body, and the floating body is in a double-square shape; an installation frame is installed above the floating body; the installation frame includes a support plate, and the support plate is inclined;

[0009] Two PV panels are installed on the top of the support plate, and a partition is provided between the two PV panels, and the partition is fixedly connected to the support plate;

[0010] Four support rods are fixedly connected to the four corners of the support plate, and the bottom end faces of the four support rods are flush; the four support rods are all installed on the floating body;

[0011] On all the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, a protection mechanism is provided, and the protection mechanisms all face the periphery of the photovoltaic array; the protection mechanism is used to protect the photovoltaic structures.

[0012] Preferably, the protection mechanism includes two fixing plates;

[0013] Two fixing plates are installed on the floating body on both sides of the photovoltaic panel; on the side end faces of the two fixing plates away from the photovoltaic panel, arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected;

[0014] Arc-shaped grooves are formed in the inner walls of the opposite sides of the two arc-shaped plates, and the arc-shaped grooves penetrate through the arc-shaped plates; a conveyor belt is arranged between the two arc-shaped grooves;

[0015] Arc-shaped pulling plates are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the conveyor belt; the conveyor belt is driven by two rotating shafts; the rotating shaft located above rotates on both sides inside the two arc-shaped grooves;

[0016] Ratchets are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts located inside the arc-shaped grooves; uniformly arranged pawls are hinged on the upper surfaces of the arc-shaped grooves in the two arc-shaped grooves, and the pawls rotate counterclockwise;

[0017] On the bottom of the floating bodies of all the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, guide bins are installed; an inlet is formed on the side of the guide bin facing the conveyor belt; a feed bin is fixedly connected to the inlet position; the rotating shaft below the conveyor belt rotates inside the feed bin; a cover plate is rotatably connected above the inlet; through holes are formed on the sides of the guide bins away from the conveyor belt;

[0018] Inside the guide bins, conveyor belts are rotatably connected through rotating rods and are driven by a first motor, and the first motor is installed on the floating body; the conveyor belts are of a mesh structure; push plates are fixedly connected to the conveyor belts;

[0019] The guide bins inside all the photovoltaic structures on each side of the photovoltaic array correspond to each other one by one; collection bins are fixedly connected to the four corners of the photovoltaic array, and the collection bins are all communicated with the opposite guide bins.

[0020] Preferably, arc-shaped bins are fixedly connected to the opposite side end faces of the two arc-shaped plates;

[0021] Sliders are slidably connected inside the arc-shaped bins, and springs are connected between the sliders and the tops of the arc-shaped bins; the rotating shafts located inside the arc-shaped grooves all extend into the sliders and are rotatably connected to the sliders.

[0022] Preferably, a second motor is installed in one of the sliders, and the second motor is used to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft.

[0023] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is provided on the inner ring of the conveyor belt, and the two rotating shafts on the conveyor belt are rotatably connected to the reinforcing plate;

[0024] Both end faces of the reinforcing plate are respectively attached to the arc plates on both sides and the side wall of the feeding bin.

[0025] Preferably, there is a distance between both sides of the conveyor belt and the arc plates on both sides;

[0026] Two connecting plates are fixedly connected to one side of the reinforcing plate close to the arc plate, and the connecting plates pass through the distance between the conveyor belt and the arc plate and extend upward;

[0027] The tops of the four connecting plates are fixedly connected to a water baffle in common, and the water baffle is parallel to the conveyor belt and extends above the conveyor belt.

[0028] Preferably, two inclined plates are provided on both of the two photovoltaic panels; the inclined plates are located below the photovoltaic panels and are fixedly connected to the two adjacent support rods;

[0029] Two scraping plates facing away from each other are provided on the partition plate, and both sides of the scraping plates extend to the inclined plates on both sides; the length of the scraping plate located above is greater than the length of the scraping plate below;

[0030] Push blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the two scraping plates at the bottom of the scraping plates, and the push blocks are arranged staggeredly; two electric push rods that are opposite and partially staggered are fixedly connected to both of the two inclined plates, and the two electric push rods are fixedly connected to the opposite push blocks. When the two electric push rods extend, they will drive the two push plates to move away from each other;

[0031] A straight plate is fixedly connected to one side of the two inclined plates close to the conveyor belt, and a switch for controlling the telescopic movement of the electric push rod is installed on the straight plate.

[0032] Preferably, a cross plate is fixedly connected between the two support rods on the same side;

[0033] U-shaped plates are fixedly connected below the two cross plates; two sliding plates are slidably connected in the U-shaped plates through springs, and the cross plates are located between the two sliding plates;

[0034] Slots are provided on the side walls of the U-shaped plates above the cross plates; T-shaped plug plates are slidably connected in the slots, and the T-shaped plug plates pass above the cross plates; the T-shaped plug plates penetrate through the U-shaped plates, and bolts arranged uniformly are threadedly engaged on one side of the T-shaped plug plates penetrating through the U-shaped plates.

[0035] Preferably, a ball is rotatably connected to the top of the cross plate.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] 1. For a photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to the present invention, when the flowing waves act on the photovoltaic array, at this time, the conveyor belt will rotate along the arc-shaped groove following the rotating shaft, and at the same time, under the action of the pawl, the conveyor belt itself will also rotate clockwise. The rotating conveyor belt will drive the arc-shaped pull plate to push water downward. During this process, the waves can be guided, and at the same time, the force generated by the waves can be buffered, so as to avoid the direct action of the waves on the floating body, resulting in the bending of the support rod, and at the same time, it can avoid the loosening of the photovoltaic panel and affect the stability of the photovoltaic panel.

[0038] 2. For a photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to the present invention, when the waves carry garbage and move to the position of the photovoltaic array, the conveyor belt can block the garbage, avoiding some sharp garbage, such as branches, plastic sheets and other garbage, from directly acting on the floating body, thus causing scratching and damage to the floating body, resulting in damage to the floating body. At the same time, the rotating arc-shaped pull plate can not only guide the waves, but also push the garbage downward and push the garbage into the guide bin, and then push the garbage into the collection bin through the conveyor belt. During this process, the garbage on the water surface can be avoided from accumulating around the photovoltaic array, and some corrosive garbage can be avoided from corroding the floating body, thereby reducing the service life of the floating body. At the same time, since the garbage is collected, the water ecological environment can be improved.

[0039] 3. For a photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to the present invention, by controlling the telescopic elongation of the electric push rod, when the opposite electric push rods extend, they will push the two scrapers away from each other through the push blocks and scrape the two photovoltaic panels respectively, so as to scrape off the water existing on the photovoltaic panels, avoiding the formation of a water film when there are water droplets on the photovoltaic panels, which will block part of the sunlight, resulting in uneven light intensity received by the photovoltaic panels, thereby causing a decrease in power generation efficiency, and in severe cases, it may also cause the hot spot effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the photovoltaic array of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the photovoltaic structure and the protection structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the photovoltaic structure and the protection structure from another perspective of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the protection mechanism in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of part A in the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0046] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the photovoltaic structure in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 is the present invention Figure 6 a partial enlarged view of part B in it;

[0048] Figure 8 is a top view of the photovoltaic structure and the protection structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 is the present invention Figure 8 a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in it;

[0050] Figure 10 is the present invention Figure 9 a partial enlarged view of part D in it;

[0051] Figure 11 is the present invention Figure 9 a partial enlarged view of part E in it.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Floating body; 11. Support plate; 12. Photovoltaic panel; 13. Partition board; 14. Support rod;

[0053] 2. Fixed plate; 21. Arc plate; 22. Arc groove; 23. Conveyor belt; 24. Arc pulling plate; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Ratchet; 27. Pawl;

[0054] 3. Guide bin; 31. Feed bin; 32. Cover plate; 33. Through hole; 34. Conveyor belt; 35. Pushing plate; 36. Collection bin; 37. First motor;

[0055] 4. Arc bin; 41. Slide block; 42. Second motor; 43. Reinforcing plate; 44. Connecting plate; 45. Water baffle; 46. Inclined plate; 47. Scraper; 48. Pushing block; 49. Electric push rod; 491. Straight plate; 492. Switch;

[0056] 5. Cross plate; 51. U-shaped plate; 52. Slide plate; 53. Slot; 54. T-shaped plug board; 55. Bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0058] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1 to 11 shown, a photovoltaic structure applied to water surface in the present invention includes a photovoltaic array, and the photovoltaic array is rectangular; the photovoltaic array is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic structures;

[0059] The photovoltaic structure includes a floating body 1, and the floating body 1 is in a double-square shape; an installation frame is installed above the floating body 1; the installation frame includes a support plate 11, and the support plate 11 is designed to be inclined;

[0060] Two photovoltaic panels 12 are installed on the top of the support plate 11, and a partition 13 is provided between the two photovoltaic panels 12, and the partition 13 is fixedly connected to the support plate 11;

[0061] Four corner positions of the support plate 11 are fixedly connected with support rods 14, and the bottom end faces of the four support rods 14 are flush; the four support rods 14 are all installed on the floating body 1;

[0062] On all the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, a protection mechanism is provided, and the protection mechanisms all face the periphery of the photovoltaic array; the protection mechanism is used to protect the photovoltaic structure;

[0063] In this embodiment, the protection mechanism includes two fixing plates 2;

[0064] Two fixing plates 2 are installed on the floating body 1 on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 12; on one side end faces of the two fixing plates 2 away from the photovoltaic panel 12, arc-shaped plates 21 are fixedly connected;

[0065] Arc-shaped grooves 22 are opened in the inner walls on the opposite sides of the two arc-shaped plates 21, and the arc-shaped grooves 22 penetrate through the arc-shaped plates 21; a conveyor belt 23 is provided between the two arc-shaped grooves 22;

[0066] Arc-shaped pulling plates 24 are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the conveyor belt 23 in a uniformly arranged manner; the conveyor belt 23 is driven by two rotating shafts 25; the rotating shaft 25 located above rotates in the two arc-shaped grooves 22 on both sides;

[0067] Ratchets 26 are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts 25 located in the arc-shaped grooves 22; on the upper surfaces of the arc-shaped grooves 22 in the two arc-shaped grooves 22, uniformly arranged ratchet pawls 27 are hinged, and the ratchet pawls 27 rotate counterclockwise;

[0068] On the bottom of the floating body 1 of all the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, guide bins 3 are installed; an inlet is opened on one side of the guide bin 3 facing the conveyor belt 23; a feed bin 31 is fixedly connected at the inlet position; the rotating shaft 25 below the conveyor belt 23 rotates in the feed bin 31; a cover plate 32 is rotatably connected above the inlet; through holes 33 are opened on the sides of the guide bins 3 away from the conveyor belt 23;

[0069] A conveyor belt 34 is rotatably connected inside the guide bin 3 through a rotating rod and is driven by a first motor 37, and the first motor 37 is installed on the floating body 1; the conveyor belt 34 is of a mesh structure; push plates 35 are fixedly connected to the conveyor belt 34;

[0070] The guide bins 3 in all the photovoltaic structures on each side of the photovoltaic array correspond one by one; collecting bins 36 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the photovoltaic array, and the collecting bins 36 are all communicated with the opposite guide bins 3;

[0071] Specifically, when installing the photovoltaic array, first install the photovoltaic panels 12 on the floating body 1, then connect the photovoltaic structures with the installed photovoltaic panels 12 to form a photovoltaic array, and then install protection structures on the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, and make the protection mechanisms all face the periphery of the photovoltaic array. Under the action of the floating body 1, the photovoltaic panels 12 will be driven to float on the water surface, and then the photovoltaic array can be put into use;

[0072] More specifically, during the use of the photovoltaic structure, when the waves formed on the water surface impact one of the four sides of the photovoltaic array, the moving waves will first contact the conveyor belt 23. When the conveyor belt 23 is impacted by the waves, since the conveyor belt 23 is inclined upward, the conveyor belt 23 can first deflect the waves, so that part of the waves can be guided downward and flow downward. The downward flowing waves will push the conveyor belt 23 to rotate clockwise. At the same time, when the conveyor belt 23 is impacted by the waves, it will rotate around the rotating shaft 25 rotating in the feeding bin 31. The rotating shaft 25 located in the arc-shaped groove 22 will move along the arc-shaped groove 22. Since a ratchet 26 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 25 located in the arc-shaped groove 22, when the rotating shaft 25 moves along the arc-shaped groove 22, the ratchet 26 will also be driven to move along the arc-shaped groove 22. Since a pawl 27 is hinged in the arc-shaped groove 22, when the moving ratchet 26 contacts the pawl 27, the pawl 27 will push the ratchet 26 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the rotating shaft 25 and the conveyor belt 23 to rotate clockwise. At the same time, the conveyor belt 23 will drive the arc-shaped pull plate 24 to rotate clockwise and deflect the water downward. When the impact force of the waves on the conveyor belt 23 ends, at this time, the conveyor belt 23 and the rotating shaft 25 will gradually return to the initial state. The rotating shaft 25 will drive the ratchet 26 to move in the arc-shaped groove 22. When the ratchet 26 passes by the pawl 27, the ratchet 26 will push the pawl 27 to rotate counterclockwise. When the ratchet 26 passes by the pawl 27, the pawl 27 returns to the initial state. When there are waves impacting the photovoltaic array again, the above operations will be repeated;

[0073] During this process, when the flowing waves act on the photovoltaic array, the conveyor belt 23 will rotate along the arc-shaped groove 22 following the rotating shaft 25. At the same time, under the action of the pawl 27, the conveyor belt 23 itself will also rotate clockwise. The rotating conveyor belt 23 will drive the arc-shaped pulling plate 24 to deflect water downward. During this process, the waves can be guided, and at the same time, the force generated by the waves can be buffered, so as to avoid the direct action of the waves on the floating body 1, resulting in the bending of the support rod 14, and at the same time, the photovoltaic panel 12 can be prevented from loosening and affecting the stability of the photovoltaic panel 12;

[0074] Furthermore, when the moving waves carry garbage and move together, the inclined conveyor belt 23 can also block the garbage. At the same time, during the process of the conveyor belt 23 driving the arc-shaped pulling plate 24 to rotate, not only can the waves be guided, the flowing waves will carry the garbage and move along the conveyor belt 23, but also the rotating arc-shaped pulling plate 24 will push the garbage downward. The pushed garbage gradually moves into the feeding bin 31 and gradually separates from the arc-shaped pulling plate 24. When the garbage separates from the arc-shaped pulling plate 24, at this time, the flowing waves will push the garbage to move into the guide bin 3. Since a through hole 33 is provided on the side of the guide bin 3 away from the conveyor belt 23, the flowing waves will flow out from the through hole 33, and at the same time, will push the garbage to move to one side of the through hole 33. Since the cover plate 32 is rotatable, the arc-shaped pulling plate 24 passing through the cover plate 32 will not be affected by the cover plate 32. Since the conveyor belt 34 is a mesh structure, it will not hinder the flow of the waves. After the garbage is collected in the guide bin 3, control the first motors 37 on the photovoltaic structures on the same side of the photovoltaic array affected by the waves to rotate in the same direction, which will drive the conveyor belt 34 to rotate in the same direction. The conveyor belt 34 will push the garbage to move in multiple opposite guide bins 3 through the push plate 35 and finally move into the collection bin 36, and then it can be collected manually;

[0075] During this process, when the waves carry garbage and move to the position of the photovoltaic array, the conveyor belt 23 can block the garbage, avoiding some sharp garbage, such as branches, plastic sheets and other garbage, from directly acting on the floating body 1, thus causing scratching and damage to the floating body 1 and resulting in the damage of the floating body 1. At the same time, the rotating arc-shaped pulling plate 24 can not only guide the waves, but also deflect the garbage downward and push the garbage into the guide bin 3, and then push the garbage into the collection bin 36 through the conveyor belt 34. During this process, the garbage on the water surface can be prevented from accumulating around the photovoltaic array, and some corrosive garbage can be prevented from corroding the floating body 1, thereby reducing the service life of the floating body 1. At the same time, since the garbage is collected, the water ecological environment can be improved.

[0076] Embodiment 2: Arc-shaped bins 4 are fixedly connected to the end faces on the opposite sides of the two arc-shaped plates 21;

[0077] Sliders 41 are slidably connected inside the arc-shaped bin 4, and springs are connected between the sliders 41 and the top of the arc-shaped bin 4; the rotating shafts 25 located inside the arc-shaped grooves 22 all extend into the sliders 41 and are rotatably connected to the sliders 41;

[0078] In this embodiment, a second motor 42 is installed inside one of the sliders 41, and the second motor 42 is used to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 25;

[0079] In this embodiment, a reinforcing plate 43 is provided on the inner ring of the conveyor belt 23, and the two rotating shafts 25 on the conveyor belt 23 are rotatably connected to the reinforcing plate 43;

[0080] Both end faces of the reinforcing plate 43 are respectively in contact with the arc-shaped plates 21 on both sides and the side wall of the feed bin 31;

[0081] Specifically, since the rotating shaft 25 rotates inside the slider 41 and the slider 41 slides inside the arc-shaped bin 4, when the conveyor belt 23 moves under the action of waves, the rotating shaft 25 moving along the arc-shaped groove 22 will drive the slider 41 to slide inside the arc-shaped bin 4. The moving slider 41 can guide the rotating shaft 25. At the same time, when the slider 41 moves, the spring can be compressed. As the moving distance of the slider 41 is farther, the acting force of the spring on the slider 41 is greater, so as to increase the resistance when the rotating shaft 25 moves along the arc-shaped groove 22, and avoid the conveyor belt 23 being easily pushed when being impacted by waves, which will reduce the buffering effect on waves. At the same time, when the action of the waves on the conveyor belt 23 ends, it will return to the initial state under the action of the spring at this time;

[0082] More specifically, since a reinforcing plate 43 is provided on the inner ring of the conveyor belt 23, when the conveyor belt 23 is impacted by waves or garbage, the reinforcing plate 43 can fill and support the conveyor belt 23, so as to avoid the situation that the conveyor belt 23 is deformed and damaged when being impacted by waves or garbage;

[0083] More specifically, a second motor 42 for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft 25 is installed inside one of the sliders 41. When the water surface becomes calm and some garbage accumulates outside the photovoltaic array, control the second motor 42 to rotate. The second motor 42 will drive the rotating shaft 25 located inside the arc-shaped groove 22 to rotate. The rotating shaft 25 will drive the conveyor belt 23 to rotate clockwise, and at the same time will drive the arc-shaped pulling plate 24 to rotate. The rotating arc-shaped pulling plate 24 can not only push the garbage into the feed bin 31, but also push the water into the feed bin 31, and then export the garbage through the guide bin 3. In this process, the accumulated garbage can be collected on the calm water surface.

[0084] Embodiment 3: There is a distance between both sides of the conveyor belt 23 and the arc-shaped plates 21 on both sides; on the side of the reinforcing plate 43 close to the arc-shaped plate 21, two connecting plates 44 are fixedly connected, and the connecting plates 44 pass through the distance between the conveyor belt 23 and the arc-shaped plate 21 and extend upward;

[0085] The tops of the four connecting plates 44 are fixedly connected to a water baffle 45 together, and the water baffle 45 is parallel to the conveyor belt 23 and extends above the conveyor belt 23;

[0086] In this embodiment, two inclined plates 46 are provided on both of the two photovoltaic panels 12; the inclined plates 46 are located below the photovoltaic panels 12 and are fixedly connected to two adjacent support rods 14;

[0087] Two scraping plates 47 facing away from each other are provided on the partition plate 13, and both sides of the scraping plates 47 extend to the inclined plates 46 on both sides; the length of the scraping plate 47 located above is greater than the length of the scraping plate 47 below;

[0088] On both sides of the two scraping plates 47 at the bottom of the scraping plates 47, push blocks 48 are fixedly connected, and the push blocks 48 are arranged staggeredly; two electric push rods 49 that are opposite and partially staggered are fixedly connected to both of the inclined plates 46, and the two electric push rods 49 are fixedly connected to the opposite push blocks 48. When the two electric push rods 49 extend, they will drive the two push plates 35 away from each other;

[0089] On the side of the two inclined plates 46 close to the conveyor belt 23, a straight plate 491 is fixedly connected together, and a switch 492 for controlling the telescopic movement of the electric push rod 49 is installed on the straight plate 491;

[0090] Specifically, since the water baffle 45 is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate 43 through the connecting plate 44 and the water baffle 45 extends above the conveyor belt 23, when the waves hit the conveyor belt 23, some water splashes will be stirred up. At this time, the water baffle 45 can block the water splashes, so as to avoid some water splashes from splashing onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12. When there are water droplets on the photovoltaic panel 12, a water film will be formed, which will block part of the sunlight, and the light intensity received by the photovoltaic panel 12 is uneven, resulting in a decrease in power generation efficiency. In severe cases, it may also cause the hot spot effect;

[0091] More specifically, when the conveyor belt 23 rotates, it will drive the water baffle 45 to rotate through the reinforcing plate 43, so that the water baffle for continuously blocking the stirred-up water splashes. Since the two scraping plates 47 provided on the partition plate 13 are connected to the electric push rods 49 through the push blocks 48, the telescopic movement of the electric push rods 49 can be controlled regularly. When the opposite electric push rods 49 extend, they will push the two scraping plates 47 away from each other through the push blocks 48 and scrape the two photovoltaic panels 12 respectively, so that the water existing on the photovoltaic panels 12 can be scraped off, avoiding the water from affecting the photovoltaic panels 12;

[0092] Furthermore, when the water baffle 45 rotates with the conveyor belt 23, if the rotating water baffle 45 touches the switch 492, it will control the electric push rod 49 to first extend and then contract to restore its original state, thereby driving the scraper 47 to scrape the photovoltaic panel 12. Thus, when the photovoltaic array is affected by waves, the photovoltaic panels 12 on the periphery of the photovoltaic array can be scraped, so as to prevent the water splashes stirred up by the waves from dripping on the peripheral photovoltaic panels 12, which may affect the photovoltaic panels 12.

[0093] Embodiment 4: A cross plate 5 is fixedly connected between two of the support rods 14 on the same side; a U-shaped plate 51 is fixedly connected below each of the two cross plates 5; two sliding plates 52 are slidably connected in the U-shaped plate 51 through springs, and the cross plate 5 is located between the two sliding plates 52; slots 53 are formed in the side walls of the U-shaped plate 51 on both sides above the cross plate 5; T-shaped plug plates 54 are slidably connected in the slots 53, and the T-shaped plug plates 54 pass above the cross plate 5; the T-shaped plug plates 54 penetrate through the U-shaped plate 51, and bolts 55 are uniformly arranged and threadedly engaged on one side of the T-shaped plug plates 54 penetrating through the U-shaped plate 51; in this embodiment, balls are rotatably connected to the top of the cross plate 5.

[0094] Specifically, when installing the photovoltaic panel 12, first place the cross plate 5 connected to the support rod 14 between the two sliding plates 52, and then pass the T-shaped plug plate 54 through the slot 53. The T-shaped plug plate 54 will pass above the cross plate 5 and between the two support rods 14. After the T-shaped plug plate 54 passes through the slot 53 on the other side, it can be locked with the bolt 55. When the wave acts on the conveyor belt 23 and the floating body 1 is affected, the floating body 1 will shake. When the floating body 1 shakes, the cross plate 5 will slide between the two sliding plates 52 in the U-shaped plate 51, thereby reducing the influence on the cross plate 5, the support rod 14 and the photovoltaic panel 12, and preventing the support rod 14 and the photovoltaic panel 12 from completely moving with the floating body 1, which is likely to cause damage. Since balls are rotatably connected to the cross plate 5 in a uniform manner, the friction between the cross plate 5 and the T-shaped plug plate 54 can be reduced when the cross plate 5 moves.

[0095] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the attached Figure 1The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0096] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface, including a photovoltaic array, and the photovoltaic array is rectangular; characterized in that: The photovoltaic array is composed of multiple photovoltaic structures; The photovoltaic structure includes a floating body (1), and the floating body (1) is in a double-square shape; an installation frame is installed above the floating body (1); the installation frame includes a support plate (11), and the support plate (11) is designed to be inclined; Two photovoltaic panels (12) are installed on the top of the support plate (11), and a partition plate (13) is arranged between the two photovoltaic panels (12), and the partition plate (13) is fixedly connected to the support plate (11); Four support rods (14) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the support plate (11), and the bottom end faces of the four support rods (14) are flush; the four support rods (14) are all installed on the floating body (1); On all the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, protection mechanisms are provided, and the protection mechanisms all face the periphery of the photovoltaic array; the protection mechanisms are used to protect the photovoltaic structures.

2. The photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 1, wherein: The protection mechanism includes two fixing plates (2); On the floating body (1) on both sides of the photovoltaic panel (12), two fixing plates (2) are installed; on the side end faces of the two fixing plates (2) away from the photovoltaic panel (12), arc-shaped plates (21) are fixedly connected; Arc-shaped grooves (22) are opened in the inner walls on the opposite sides of the two arc-shaped plates (21), and the arc-shaped grooves (22) penetrate through the arc-shaped plates (21); a conveyor belt (23) is arranged between the two arc-shaped grooves (22); Arc-shaped pulling plates (24) are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the conveyor belt (23) in a uniformly arranged manner; the conveyor belt (23) is driven by two rotating shafts (25); the rotating shaft (25) located above rotates in the two arc-shaped grooves (22) on both sides; Ratchet wheels (26) are fixedly connected to the rotating shafts (25) located in the arc-shaped grooves (22); on the upper surfaces of the arc-shaped grooves (22) in the two arc-shaped grooves (22), uniformly arranged ratchet pawls (27) are hinged, and the ratchet pawls (27) rotate counterclockwise; On the bottom of the floating body (1) of all the photovoltaic structures on the four sides of the photovoltaic array, guide bins (3) are installed; on the side of the guide bin (3) facing the conveyor belt (23), an inlet is opened; a feeding bin (31) is fixedly connected at the inlet position; the rotating shaft (25) below the conveyor belt (23) rotates in the feeding bin (31); a cover plate (32) is rotatably connected above the inlet; through holes (33) are opened on the sides of the guide bins (3) away from the conveyor belt (23); In the guide bins (3), conveyor belts (34) are rotatably connected through rotating rods and are driven by a first motor (37), and the first motor (37) is installed on the floating body (1); the conveyor belts (34) are in a mesh structure; push plates (35) are fixedly connected to the conveyor belts (34); The guide bins (3) in all the photovoltaic structures on each side of the photovoltaic array correspond to each other one by one; at the four corners of the photovoltaic array, collection bins (36) are fixedly connected, and the collection bins (36) are all communicated with the opposite guide bins (3).

3. The photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 2, wherein: On the opposite side end faces of the two arc-shaped plates (21), arc-shaped bins (4) are fixedly connected; Sliders (41) are slidably connected inside the arc-shaped bin (4), and springs are connected between the sliders (41) and the top of the arc-shaped bin (4); the rotating shafts (25) located inside the arc-shaped grooves (22) extend into the sliders (41) and are rotatably connected to the sliders (41).

4. A photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second motor (42) is installed inside one of the sliders (41), and the second motor (42) is used to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft (25).

5. The photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 4, wherein: Reinforcing plates (43) are provided on the inner ring of the conveyor belt (23), and the two rotating shafts (25) on the conveyor belt (23) are rotatably connected to the reinforcing plates (43); Both end faces of the reinforcing plate (43) are respectively in contact with the arc-shaped plates (21) on both sides and the side wall of the feed bin (31).

6. The photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 5, wherein: Distances are left between both sides of the conveyor belt (23) and the arc-shaped plates (21) on both sides; Two connecting plates (44) are fixedly connected to one side of the reinforcing plate (43) close to the arc-shaped plate (21), and the connecting plates (44) pass through the distance between the conveyor belt (23) and the arc-shaped plate (21) and extend upward; A water baffle (45) is fixedly connected to the tops of the four connecting plates (44) together, and the water baffle (45) is parallel to the conveyor belt (23) and extends above the conveyor belt (23).

7. A photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two inclined plates (46) are provided on both of the two photovoltaic panels (12); the inclined plates (46) are located below the photovoltaic panels (12) and are fixedly connected to the two adjacent support rods (14); Two opposite scraping plates (47) are provided on the partition plate (13), and both sides of the scraping plates (47) extend to the inclined plates (46) on both sides; the length of the upper scraping plate (47) is greater than the length of the lower scraping plate (47); Push blocks (48) are fixedly connected to both sides of the two scraping plates (47) at the bottom of the scraping plates (47), and the push blocks (48) are arranged staggeredly; two electric push rods (49) that are opposite and partially staggered are fixedly connected to both of the two inclined plates (46), and the two electric push rods (49) are fixedly connected to the opposite push blocks (48). When the two electric push rods (49) extend, the two push plates (35) will be driven to move away from each other; A straight plate (491) is fixedly connected to one side of the two inclined plates (46) close to the conveyor belt (23), and a switch (492) for controlling the telescopic movement of the electric push rod (49) is installed on the straight plate (491).

8. A photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 7, characterized in that: Cross plates (5) are fixedly connected between the two support rods (14) on the same side; U-shaped plates (51) are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two cross plates (5); two sliding plates (52) are slidably connected inside the U-shaped plates (51) through springs, and the cross plates (5) are located between the two sliding plates (52); Slots (53) are opened on the side walls of both sides of the U-shaped plates (51) above the cross plates (5); T-shaped plug plates (54) are slidably connected inside the slots (53), and the T-shaped plug plates (54) pass above the cross plates (5); the T-shaped plug plates (54) penetrate through the U-shaped plates (51), and bolts (55) arranged uniformly are threadedly engaged on one side of the T-shaped plug plates (54) penetrating through the U-shaped plates (51).

9. The photovoltaic structure applied to the water surface according to claim 8, wherein: A ball is rotatably connected to the top of the cross plate (5).

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