Preparation method of hydrogel micromolecular organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties

Abstract

According to the preparation method of the hydrogel micromolecular organic fertilizer with the water retention and antibacterial properties, in the forming process of hydrogel, through cross-linking at plant root systems, the durability and the slow release capacity of the hydrogel are enhanced, meanwhile, due to the addition of chitosan and glucan, the fertilizer can effectively retain water and also can provide antibacterial protection, and the water retention and antibacterial properties of the fertilizer are improved. And various nutrient substances required by plants can be provided. The innovative hydrogel micromolecular organic fertilizer can provide long-acting moisture and nutrition support for crops, and has the advantages of high drought resistance and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and specifically to a preparation method of a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern agriculture, the demand for fertilizers has gradually increased. Especially in arid and water - scarce areas, traditional fertilizers often face problems such as rapid release, serious waste, and environmental pollution. In addition, soil fertility decreases year by year, and it is difficult to meet the water and nutrients required for plant growth. Especially in arid and high - temperature weather, the efficient utilization of fertilizers and water has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] Currently, the application efficiency of traditional fertilizers is low, and they cannot provide stable water and nutrients for a long time. In response to this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above - mentioned background art.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a preparation method of a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties, preparing polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and dextran, and the method includes the following steps: S1. Dilute polyvinyl alcohol in a weak acid environment by heating at 80 °C - 90 °C until it is completely dissolved, and prepare a first aqueous solution with a concentration of 4%, and store it in a low - temperature environment after dissolution; S2. Dissolve chitosan in a weak acid environment to prepare a second aqueous solution with a concentration of 2%, and store it in a low - temperature environment; S3. Dissolve dextran in distilled water to prepare a dextran solution with a concentration of 50%; S4. After heating the first aqueous solution, the second aqueous solution, and the dextran solution to 15 °C, respectively connect them to a pipeline and transport them to the plant roots for mixing, and at the same time, transport plant nutrient solution to the plant roots in the pipeline for cross - linking and mixing to form a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention, antibacterial properties, and slow - release effect.

[0006] As a further preferred scheme of the present invention, the plant nutrient solution includes glutaraldehyde, urea, potassium nitrate, water - soluble cellulose, and amino acids.

[0007] As a further preferred scheme of the present invention, the pH value of the weak acid environment is 6.5.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method of a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties, having the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve fertilizer utilization rate: The hydrogel has strong water retention performance, which can reduce the volatilization and loss of fertilizers, and ensure that nutrients can continuously support plants.

[0009] 2. Sustained release function: By slowly releasing nutrients, it reduces the stimulation to plant roots, promotes the healthy growth of plants, and avoids environmental pollution caused by excessive use of fertilizers.

[0010] 3. Enhance drought resistance: The water retention function of the hydrogel effectively enhances the drought resistance of plants. Especially under arid or high-temperature weather conditions, it can provide continuous water supply.

[0011] 4. Environmental protection benefits: The hydrogel organic fertilizer of the present invention reduces waste during fertilizer use, and at the same time has no pollution to soil and water sources, meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0012] 5. Antibacterial property: The addition of natural materials such as chitosan endows the hydrogel with antibacterial function, which helps to reduce the occurrence of diseases and protect the health of plant roots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0014] If "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, or solution B, or the solution where A and B are satisfied simultaneously.

[0015] In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the premise that those skilled in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0016] Referring to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a preparation method of a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties, preparing polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and dextran. The method includes the following steps: A weak acid environment refers to a solution with a pH value lower than 7, and a low-temperature environment refers to a condition with a relatively low temperature, expressed as lower than normal temperature (about 25 °C) S1. Dilute polyvinyl alcohol in a weak acid environment by heating at 80 °C - 90 °C until it is completely dissolved to prepare a first aqueous solution with a concentration of 4%, and store it in a low-temperature environment after dissolution; Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): When PVA dissolves in a weak acid environment, the breaking of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and its hydration performance are enhanced, which is beneficial to its dissolution. The weak acid environment can promote the hydration of PVA molecular chains, increase its solubility in water, and ensure the uniformity of the solution.

[0017] S2. Dissolve chitosan in a weak acid environment to prepare a second aqueous solution with a concentration of 2%, and store it in a low-temperature environment. Chitosan: Chitosan is more soluble in a neutral or weak acid environment than in a strong acid environment. The amino (-NH2) group of chitosan will be protonated in a weak acid environment (the amino group is transformed into an ammonium ion, -NH2 → -NH3+), and this protonation enhances its hydrophilicity, making it easier to dissolve.

[0018] S3. Dissolve dextran in distilled water to prepare a dextran solution with a concentration of 50%. S4. After heating the first aqueous solution, the second aqueous solution, and the dextran solution to 15°C, respectively connect them to a pipeline and transport them to the plant roots for mixing. At the same time, plant nutrient solution is also connected to the pipeline and transported to the plant roots for cross-linking and mixing to form a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention, antibacterial properties, and slow-release effects.

[0019] The three-dimensional network structure formed by the hydrogel through cross-linking reaction can adsorb a large amount of water and nutrients required by plants. This structure ensures the sustained release of water and nutrients, preventing the waste of water and fertilizers.

[0020] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant nutrient solution includes glutaraldehyde, urea, potassium nitrate, water-soluble cellulose, and amino acids (the components vary with the types of crops).

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pH value of the weak acid environment is 6.5. The weak acid environment (pH 6.5) enhances the solubility of PVA and chitosan, avoids excessive degradation, reduces the occurrence of side reactions, and helps subsequent processing and the formation of hydrogels.

[0022] The hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer is formed through cross-linking reaction, and can continuously release water and nutrients at the plant roots, providing a long-lasting moisturizing and drought-resistant effect.

[0023] The antibacterial property of the hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer is provided by the synergistic effect of chitosan and dextran.

[0024] The slow-release property of the hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer can avoid the waste of water and nutrients, and ensure that plants obtain the required water and nutrients for a long time.

[0025] The organic fertilizer is a composite material with water retention, antibacterial properties, and slow-release effects, capable of providing water, inorganic salts, and nutrients required by plants.

[0026] A novel hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer, by combining the water retention and slow-release characteristics of the hydrogel, effectively improves the fertilizer utilization efficiency, enhances the drought resistance of plants, and reduces the environmental pollution caused by fertilizers. This invention has broad application prospects in agricultural production, especially in arid regions and high-temperature environments, where it can significantly improve the growth efficiency of crops.

[0027] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties, characterized in that, Prepare polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan and dextran. The method comprises the following steps: S1. Dilute polyvinyl alcohol in a weak acid environment by heating to 80°C - 90°C until completely dissolved to prepare a first aqueous solution with a concentration of 4%, and store it in a low-temperature environment after dissolution; S2. Dissolve chitosan in a weak acid environment to prepare a second aqueous solution with a concentration of 2%, and store it in a low-temperature environment; S3. Dissolve dextran in distilled water to prepare a dextran solution with a concentration of 50%; S4. After heating the first aqueous solution, the second aqueous solution and the dextran solution to 15°C, respectively connect them to a pipeline and transport them to the plant roots for mixing. At the same time, a plant nutrient solution is also connected to the pipeline and transported to the plant roots for cross-linking and mixing to form a hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention, antibacterial properties and slow-release effects.

2. The preparation method of the hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant nutrient solution includes glutaraldehyde, urea, potassium nitrate, water-soluble cellulose and amino acids.

3. The preparation method of the hydrogel small molecule organic fertilizer with water retention and antibacterial properties according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH value of the weak acid environment is 6.5.

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