Proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank internal state monitoring device and failure early warning method

Abstract

The invention provides a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell internal state monitoring device and a failure early warning method, the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell internal state monitoring device is characterized by comprising an optical fiber arrangement plate arranged in a small chamber; the plurality of fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are arranged on the optical fiber arrangement plate and are used for measuring the internal temperature of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank to form a temperature reflection spectrum; the plurality of fiber bragg grating strain sensors are arranged on the surface of the small chamber internal component and are used for measuring the internal strain of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank to form a strain reflection spectrum; and the fiber bragg grating demodulator is connected with the plurality of fiber bragg grating strain sensors and the plurality of fiber bragg grating temperature sensors and is used for receiving the strain reflection spectrum and the temperature reflection spectrum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a device for monitoring the internal state of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and a method for failure early warning. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a clean, low-carbon, flexible and efficient energy source, and is one of the important tools for achieving the "dual carbon" goal. Electrolyzing water with renewable energy to produce hydrogen is the main way to obtain "green hydrogen". The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer has the advantages of high current density, high efficiency, and strong adaptability to the fluctuations of renewable energy, and has better prospects in the scenario of hydrogen production with renewable energy.

[0003] In the scenario of hydrogen production with renewable energy, due to the volatility of renewable energy, the internal state parameters such as the internal temperature and strain of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer are often in a fluctuating state. And because the high-power proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is large in volume and has strong state inconsistency, its failure is strongly correlated with state parameters such as temperature and stress. Therefore, monitoring the state of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is of great significance for the efficient and stable operation of the electrolytic hydrogen production cell and failure early warning.

[0004] However, there is a lack of existing equipment for real-time monitoring of the internal state of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, and a lack of high-precision failure early warning methods. In the face of the scenario of renewable energy fluctuations, the state of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer fluctuates greatly, and it is impossible to optimize and control the hydrogen production system in real time, resulting in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer not being able to operate in the high-efficiency range or being in a high-risk operation state. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a device for monitoring the internal state of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and a method for failure early warning.

[0006] A device for monitoring the internal state of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, used for monitoring the internal state of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is composed of at least one small chamber, and has the following characteristics, including: an optical fiber layout board, arranged inside the small chamber; a plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors, arranged on the optical fiber layout board, used for measuring the internal temperature of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer to form a temperature reflection spectrum; a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, arranged on the surface of the internal components of the small chamber, used for measuring the internal strain of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer to form a strain reflection spectrum; an optical fiber grating demodulator, connected to the plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors and the plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors, used for receiving the strain reflection spectrum and the temperature reflection spectrum; and a host computer, connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator through a communication component, used for decoupling and analyzing the temperature reflection spectrum and the strain reflection spectrum to obtain the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

[0007] In the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, it may further have the following characteristics: Among them, the material of the optical fiber arrangement board is a metal conductive material.

[0008] In the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, it may further have the following characteristics: Among them, a plurality of grooves are formed on the optical fiber arrangement board, and the shape and size parameters of the grooves match the geometric parameters of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, and a plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the plurality of grooves.

[0009] In the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, it may further have the following characteristics: The fiber Bragg grating strain sensor includes a strain optical fiber core, and a plurality of strain Bragg gratings are etched on the strain optical fiber core.

[0010] In the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, it may further have the following characteristics: Among them, the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor includes: a temperature optical fiber core, and a plurality of temperature Bragg gratings are etched on the temperature optical fiber core; a cladding material, covering the surface of the temperature optical fiber core and arranged concentrically with the temperature optical fiber core.

[0011] In the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, it may further have the following characteristics: Among them, the cladding material is a polymer material.

[0012] The present invention also provides a failure warning method for the internal state monitoring device of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: Determine the temperature measurement and strain measurement sites inside the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to the geometric size and the number of compartments of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; S2: Prepare multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors based on femtosecond laser processing technology. Using wavelength division multiplexing technology, etch multiple temperature Bragg gratings in the core of the same temperature optical fiber, and etch multiple strain Bragg gratings in the core of the same strain optical fiber, so as to measure the temperature data at different positions using multiple temperature Bragg gratings and measure the strain data at different positions using multiple strain Bragg gratings; Select the cladding material for the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor; S3: Design and manufacture a fiber optic layout board based on the size of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor; S4: Calibrate the temperature of each fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor and calibrate the strain of each fiber Bragg grating strain sensor; S5: Arrange multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors at multiple grooves respectively, and arrange multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors on the surface of the internal components of the compartment; S6: Connect multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors to a fiber grating demodulator, and connect the fiber grating demodulator to a host computer through a communication component; S7: Preset the upper limit of the internal temperature and strain data and the change rate of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; S8: Receive the temperature reflection spectrum and strain reflection spectrum through the fiber grating demodulator, and perform temperature analysis, strain-temperature decoupling, and strain analysis through the host computer software to obtain the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer in real time; S9: Analyze in real time whether the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and their change rates exceed the preset upper limit. When they exceed the preset upper limit, directly stop the machine. When they do not reach the preset upper limit, continue to run.

[0013] Function and Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to the internal state monitoring device and failure warning method of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer involved in the present invention, by arranging fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and fiber Bragg grating strain sensors inside the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the temperature and strain of the internal components of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer can be measured in real time. The introduction of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and fiber Bragg grating strain sensors does not affect the internal operation function and safety of the existing proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. In the face of renewable energy fluctuation scenarios, it can perform real-time optimization control on the hydrogen production system, enabling the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer to operate in an efficient range and avoiding being in a high-risk operation state. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell composed of a single chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Description of main component symbols:

[0018] In the figure: 100, internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell; 101, proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell; 103, optical fiber layout board; 104, fiber optic grating demodulator; 105, host computer; 106, communication component; 1, anode plate; 2, anode sealing ring; 3, anode porous transport layer; 4, proton exchange membrane; 5, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor; 6, cathode porous transport layer; 7, cathode sealing ring; 8, fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor; 10, cathode plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes, and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments will specifically describe the internal state monitoring device and failure warning method of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the internal state monitoring device 100 of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, the internal state monitoring device 100 of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell in this embodiment is used to monitor the internal state of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 101, and includes a plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5, a plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8, an optical fiber layout board 103, a fiber optic grating demodulator 104, and a host computer 105.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 101 composed of a single chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] As Figure 2As shown, the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 consists of at least one chamber, and the number of chambers can be adjusted according to requirements. When multiple chambers are provided, the chambers are sealed by a sealing ring. In this embodiment, the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 consists of one chamber, and the active area inside the chamber is 5 cm * 5 cm.

[0025] The chamber is formed by combining a bipolar plate, a sealing assembly, a porous transport layer assembly, and a proton exchange membrane 4. The bipolar plate includes an anode plate 1 and a cathode plate 10, the sealing assembly includes an anode sealing ring 2 and a cathode sealing ring 7, and the porous transport layer assembly includes an anode porous transport layer 3 and a cathode porous transport layer 6.

[0026] The combination order of the chamber from one side to the other side is: anode plate 1, anode sealing ring 2, anode porous transport layer 3, proton exchange membrane 4, cathode porous transport layer 6, cathode sealing ring 7, and cathode plate 10.

[0027] The optical fiber arrangement plate 103 is arranged inside the chamber, and in this embodiment, it is arranged between the cathode sealing ring 7 and the cathode plate 10. The material of the optical fiber arrangement plate 103 is a high-performance conductive material such as copper, silver, gold, etc.

[0028] Multiple grooves are provided in the middle of the optical fiber arrangement plate 103, and the shape and size parameters of the grooves match the geometric parameters of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8. Multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 are respectively arranged at multiple grooves for measuring the internal temperature of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 to form a temperature reflection spectrum.

[0029] The fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8 includes a temperature optical fiber core and a cladding material. Multiple temperature Bragg gratings are etched on the temperature optical fiber core, and the temperature optical fiber core itself has insulation and good stability. The cladding material covers the surface of the temperature optical fiber core and is arranged concentrically with the temperature optical fiber core, which is a polymer material. The common outer diameter of the cladding material is 0.9 mm or 1.6 mm, which can be selected according to needs.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, five fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 are used, which are respectively arranged at five grooves of the optical fiber arrangement plate 103 and are closely attached to the optical fiber arrangement plate 103. Five temperature Bragg gratings are etched on each temperature optical fiber core, and the temperatures of 5 sites can be measured simultaneously. The outer diameter of the cladding material of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8 is 0.9 mm.

[0031] Multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 are arranged on the surface of the internal components of the chamber for measuring the internal strain of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 to form a strain reflection spectrum.

[0032] The fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 5 includes a strain optical fiber core, which has insulation and good stability itself. Multiple strain Bragg gratings are etched on the strain optical fiber core.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, five fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 are used and uniformly arranged on the surface of the cathode porous transport layer 6, and are closely attached to the cathode porous transport layer 6. Five strain Bragg gratings are etched on each strain optical fiber core, and the strains at 5 sites can be measured simultaneously.

[0034] Both the temperature Bragg grating and the strain Bragg grating are Bragg gratings FBG.

[0035] The fiber grating demodulator 104 is connected to multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 and multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8, and is used to receive the strain reflection spectrum and the temperature reflection spectrum.

[0036] The upper computer 105 is connected to the fiber grating demodulator 104 through the communication component 106, and is used to decouple and analyze the temperature reflection spectrum and the strain reflection spectrum to obtain the internal strain and temperature data of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101.

[0037] Based on the above internal state monitoring device 100 of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, this embodiment also provides a corresponding failure warning method for the internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. The method includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: According to the structure of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101, determine 25 temperature measurement sites and 25 strain measurement sites.

[0039] S2: Prepare five fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 and five fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 based on the femtosecond laser processing technology. Using the wavelength division multiplexing technology, five temperature Bragg gratings are etched in the same temperature optical fiber core, and five strain Bragg gratings are etched in the same strain optical fiber core. The coating material of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8 is the polymer material polyetheretherketone PEEK, which is alkali-resistant and high-temperature resistant.

[0040] S3: Design and manufacture the optical fiber layout board 103 based on the size of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8.

[0041] S4: Calibrate the temperature reflection spectrum of each fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8 in a constant temperature container. Since the Bragg grating reflection spectrum is affected by temperature and strain, and the center wavelength of the Bragg grating reflection spectrum is linearly affected by temperature and strain, by performing temperature compensation on the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 5, the strain at the measured site can be measured, that is, the strain reflection spectrum of each fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 5 can be strain-calibrated.

[0042] S5: Affix the five fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 closely to five grooves of the optical fiber layout board 103, and affix the five fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 closely to the surface of the cathode porous transport layer 6.

[0043] S6: Connect the five fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 and the five fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 to the fiber grating demodulator 104. The fiber grating demodulator 104 is connected to the host computer 105 through the communication component 106.

[0044] S7: Preset the internal temperature and strain data and the upper limits of the change rates of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101. The upper temperature limit is 95 °C, the upper strain limit is 5000 microstrains, the upper temperature change rate limit is 1 °C / s, and the upper strain change rate limit is 100 microstrains / s.

[0045] S8: Receive the temperature reflection spectrum and the strain reflection spectrum through the fiber grating demodulator 104, and perform temperature analysis, strain-temperature decoupling, and strain analysis through the software of the host computer 105 to obtain the surface temperature and strain data of the internal components of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 during operation in real time.

[0046] S9: Analyze in real time whether the internal temperature and strain data and the change rates of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 exceed the preset upper limits to perform real-time control on the operating state of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101. When the preset upper limits are not reached, it continues to operate. If the temperature, strain, or their change rates are higher than the preset upper limits, the host computer 105 sends a hydrogen production system shutdown signal and issues an alarm.

[0047] Functions and effects of the embodiment

[0048] According to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer internal state monitoring device 100 and the failure warning method involved in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0049] By arranging the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 and the fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 inside the chamber, the temperatures and strains of the internal components of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 can be measured in real time. The introduction of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 8 and the fiber Bragg grating strain sensors 5 does not affect the internal operating functions and safety of the existing proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101. In the face of renewable energy fluctuation scenarios, real-time optimization control of the hydrogen production system can be performed, enabling the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 to operate in an efficient range and avoiding being in a high-risk operating state.

[0050] The cladding material of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8 is polyetheretherketone (PEEK), which has the characteristics of alkali resistance and high temperature resistance, ensuring the stability of operation. The fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 8 and the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 5 have insulation and corrosion resistance, and the overall volume is small and convenient for installation. When pasted on the internal components of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101, the working stability can be ensured. At the same time, the temperature Bragg gratings etched at multiple places on the temperature fiber core and the strain Bragg gratings etched at multiple places on the strain fiber core can be used to measure the temperature and strain at multiple points inside the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 101 simultaneously with a single optical fiber, thereby efficiently realizing distributed measurement.

[0051] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the internal state of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which is used to monitor the internal state of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is composed of at least one cell, and is characterized in that, Including: An optical fiber arrangement board, which is arranged inside the chamber; A plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors, which are arranged on the optical fiber arrangement board and are used to measure the internal temperature of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer to form a temperature reflection spectrum; A plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, which are arranged on the surface of the internal components of the chamber and are used to measure the internal strain of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer to form a strain reflection spectrum; An optical fiber grating demodulator, which is connected to the plurality of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors and the plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and is used to receive the strain reflection spectrum and the temperature reflection spectrum; An upper computer, which is connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator through a communication component and is used to decouple and analyze the temperature reflection spectrum and the strain reflection spectrum to obtain the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

2. The internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 2, wherein: Among them, The material of the optical fiber arrangement board is a metal conductive material.

3. The internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 2, wherein: Among them, A plurality of grooves are formed on the optical fiber arrangement board, and the shape and size parameters of the grooves are matched with the geometric parameters of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors, and the plurality of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the plurality of grooves.

4. The internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, The fiber Bragg grating strain sensor includes a strain optical fiber core, and a plurality of strain Bragg gratings are etched on the strain optical fiber core.

5. The internal state monitoring device of a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell according to claim 3, Characterized in that: Wherein, The fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor includes: A temperature optical fiber core, and a plurality of temperature Bragg gratings are etched on the temperature optical fiber core; A cladding material, which covers the surface of the temperature optical fiber core and is arranged concentrically with the temperature optical fiber core.

6. The internal state monitoring device of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 5, wherein: Among them, The cladding material is a polymer material.

7. A failure warning method for the internal state monitoring device of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which is implemented based on the internal state monitoring device of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1: Determine the temperature measurement and strain measurement sites inside the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to the geometric dimensions of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and the number of chambers; S2: Prepare a plurality of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and a plurality of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensors based on femtosecond laser processing technology. Using wavelength division multiplexing technology, a plurality of the temperature Bragg gratings are etched in the same temperature optical fiber core, and a plurality of the strain Bragg gratings are etched in the same strain optical fiber core, so as to measure the temperature data at different positions using the plurality of temperature Bragg gratings and measure the strain data at different positions using the plurality of strain Bragg gratings; Select the type of the cladding material of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor; S3: Design and manufacture the optical fiber arrangement board based on the size of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor; S4: Calibrate the temperature of each of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and calibrate the strain of each of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensors; S5: Dispose the multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors at the multiple grooves respectively, and dispose the multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors on the surface of the internal components of the chamber; S6: Connect the multiple fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors and the multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors to the fiber grating demodulator, and connect the fiber grating demodulator to the host computer through the communication component; S7: Preset the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and the upper limit of the change rate; S8: Receive the temperature reflection spectrum and the strain reflection spectrum through the fiber grating demodulator, and perform temperature analysis, strain-temperature decoupling, and strain analysis through the host computer software to obtain the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell in real time; S9: Analyze in real time whether the internal temperature and strain data of the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and their change rates exceed the preset upper limit. When they exceed the preset upper limit, directly stop the machine. When they do not reach the preset upper limit, continue to run.

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