Method, device and equipment for determining pressure drop of inert anode of electrolytic cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a device and equipment for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic bath, and the method comprises the steps that when the electrolytic bath is used for electrolysis, the total voltage drop of the inert anode is obtained through a voltage detector, and the inert anode comprises an inert anode body, an anode guide rod and a connecting material used for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; acquiring polarization voltage of the inert anode body; and determining the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body. According to the invention, the technical problem of low measurement accuracy of the ohm voltage drop of the inert anode is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum smelting, and in particular relates to a method, device and equipment for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] In the aluminum electrolysis industry, accurate measurement of the anode voltage drop across the electrolytic cell is crucial for energy consumption control and process parameter optimization, and is a crucial measurement task in daily management. For carbon anodes, direct contact measurement using a multimeter can be performed to obtain the ohmic voltage drop across the carbon anode. However, for inert anodes, direct contact measurement using a multimeter results in a constantly changing ohmic voltage drop, making it impossible to accurately measure the ohmic voltage drop. This, in turn, makes it impossible to optimize process parameters and increases electrolysis energy consumption. Therefore, the low accuracy of measuring the ohmic voltage drop across inert anodes is a technical issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and apparatus for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell, which solve the technical problem of low measurement accuracy of the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell, comprising: obtaining the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector when electrolysis is performed in the electrolytic cell, the inert anode comprising an inert anode body, an anode guide rod, and a connecting material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; obtaining the polarization voltage of the inert anode body; and determining the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0005] In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, obtaining the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector includes: obtaining the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a multimeter, and the voltage detector is the multimeter; wherein the multimeter includes a multimeter body, a first metal rod and a second metal rod, the first end of the first metal rod is connected to the anode guide rod, the second end of the first metal rod is connected to the positive terminal of the multimeter body through a wire, the first end of the second metal rod is connected to the bottom of the inert anode body, and the second end of the second metal rod is connected to the negative terminal of the multimeter body through a wire; the second metal rod is in contact with the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, the obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: obtaining the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the first reaction conditions, determining first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; taking the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, the obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: obtaining the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determining second target data from a preset plurality of second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; taking the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, the obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: obtaining the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the first reaction conditions, determining first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; obtaining the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determining second target data from a preset plurality of second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; taking the larger value of the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data and the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0009] Combined with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, obtaining the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: after powering off the electrolytic cell, obtaining the back electromotive force of the electrolytic reaction measured by a voltmeter, with the positive pole of the voltmeter connected to the inert anode and the negative pole of the voltmeter connected to the cathode of the electrolytic cell; taking the back electromotive force of the electrolytic reaction as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0010] Combined with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, determining the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: taking the difference between the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body as the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

[0011] Combined with the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments, the second metal rod is a metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve, the composition of the second metal rod is the same as that of the inert anode body, and the first end of the second metal rod is hook-shaped.

[0012] In a second aspect, an apparatus for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a voltage drop detection unit configured to obtain the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector during electrolysis of the electrolytic cell, where the inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode guide rod, and a connection material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; a voltage acquisition unit configured to obtain the polarization voltage of the inert anode body; and a voltage drop determination unit configured to determine the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0013] In a third aspect, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method according to any one of the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0014] One or more technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention achieve at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, when electrolysis is carried out in an electrolytic cell, the total voltage drop of the inert anode is obtained through a voltage detector. The inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode guide rod, and a connection material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; the polarization voltage of the inert anode body is obtained; based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode is determined. It should be noted that the total voltage drop of the inert anode not only includes the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, but also includes the polarization voltage of the inert anode body. Therefore, determining the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body realizes the elimination of the influence of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body on the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, and further realizes the beneficial effect of improving the measurement accuracy of the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

[0016] In addition, after obtaining the accurate ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, the process parameter optimization management can be better carried out, thereby realizing the reduction of electrolysis energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of an electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of measuring the anode voltage drop of a horizontal electrode structure inert anode aluminum electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of measuring the anode voltage drop of a vertical electrode structure inert anode aluminum electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a functional module diagram of a device for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of an electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Additionally, the technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell, referring to Figure 1 as shown, the method includes the following steps S101 to S103:

[0026] S101: When the electrolytic cell is in electrolysis, obtain the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector. The inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode rod, and a connection material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode rod.

[0027] In some embodiments, obtaining the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector may include: obtaining the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a multimeter, and the voltage detector is a multimeter; wherein, the multimeter includes a multimeter body, a first metal rod, and a second metal rod. The first end of the first metal rod is connected to the anode rod, the second end of the first metal rod is connected to the positive terminal of the multimeter body through a wire, the first end of the second metal rod is connected to the bottom of the inert anode body, and the second end of the second metal rod is connected to the negative terminal of the multimeter body through a wire; the second metal rod is in contact with the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell.

[0028] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 as shown, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of measuring the anode voltage drop of a horizontal electrode structure inert anode aluminum electrolytic cell in the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of measuring the anode voltage drop of a vertical electrode structure inert anode aluminum electrolytic cell in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] S102: Obtain the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0030] In some embodiments a, obtaining the polarization voltage of the inert anode body may include: obtaining the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the first reaction conditions, determining first target data from a preset plurality of first data; where the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; taking the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0031] It should be noted that the steady-state polarization voltage of the first data is the voltage value corresponding to the inflection point of the curve when steady-state polarization appears on the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve.

[0032] It should be noted that the first data includes reaction conditions and steady-state polarization voltage. For example, assume that the plurality of first data includes first data a, first data b, and first data c. First data a includes reaction conditions a and steady-state polarization voltage a, first data b includes reaction conditions b and steady-state polarization voltage b, first data c includes reaction conditions c and steady-state polarization voltage c, and assume that the first reaction conditions are reaction conditions b. Then the first target data is first data b, and the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data is steady-state polarization voltage b.

[0033] In some other embodiments b, obtaining the polarization voltage of the inert anode body may include: obtaining the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determining second target data from a preset plurality of second data; where the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; taking the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0034] It should be noted that the steady-state polarization voltage of the second data is the voltage value corresponding to the inflection point of the curve when steady-state polarization appears on the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve.

[0035] It should be noted that the second data includes reaction conditions and steady-state polarization voltage. For example, assume that the plurality of second data includes second data d, second data e, and second data f. Second data d includes reaction conditions d and steady-state polarization voltage d, second data e includes reaction conditions e and steady-state polarization voltage e, second data f includes reaction conditions f and steady-state polarization voltage f, and assume that the second reaction conditions are reaction conditions e. Then the second target data is second data e, and the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data is steady-state polarization voltage e.

[0036] In some other embodiments c, obtaining the polarization voltage of the inert anode body may include: obtaining the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the first reaction conditions, determining first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; obtaining the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determining second target data from a preset plurality of second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; taking the larger value between the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data and the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0037] It should be noted that generally, the steady-state polarization voltages of the first target data and the second target data do not differ much, so the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data can be taken as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, or the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data can be taken as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body. However, in fact, the polarization voltage of the inert anode body is consistent with the larger value between the steady-state polarization voltages of the first target data and the second target data. Therefore, taking the larger value as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body avoids errors and improves the accuracy of the data of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0038] In some other embodiments d, obtaining the polarization voltage of the inert anode body may include: after powering off the electrolytic cell, obtaining the back electromotive force of the electrolysis reaction measured by a voltmeter, with the positive pole of the voltmeter connected to the inert anode and the negative pole of the voltmeter connected to the cathode of the electrolytic cell; taking the back electromotive force of the electrolysis reaction as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0039] It should be noted that the back electromotive force measurement method can be prior to the cyclic voltammetry method because the back electromotive force measurement method is directly carried out on the electrolytic cell, that is, it is measured according to the actual reaction conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the data of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0040] S103: Determine the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0041] In some embodiments, to determine the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, it may include: taking the difference between the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body as the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode. Specifically, it may be taking the difference obtained by subtracting the polarization voltage of the inert anode body from the total voltage drop of the inert anode as the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

[0042] In some embodiments, the second metal rod is a metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve. The composition of the second metal rod is the same as that of the inert anode body, and the first end of the second metal rod is hook-shaped.

[0043] It should be noted that if the second metal rod does not have an insulating protective sleeve, it may cause continuous electrochemical reactions between the second metal rod and the electrolyte, resulting in the inability to obtain a stable total voltage drop of the inert anode and affecting the subsequent determination of the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention define that the second metal rod is a metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve to avoid continuous electrochemical reactions between the second metal rod and the electrolyte, so as to obtain a stable total voltage drop and ultimately improve the accuracy of the data of the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode. In addition, when the composition of the second metal rod is the same as that of the inert anode body, the steady-state polarization voltage of the second metal rod is equal to the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode body. Therefore, at this time, the polarization voltage of the inert anode body can be determined only by the steady-state polarization voltage of the second metal rod, thereby improving the convenience of determining the data of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body. In addition, when the first end of the second metal rod is hook-shaped, it can ensure better contact between the second metal rod and the inert anode body, thereby improving the accuracy of the multimeter data measurement.

[0044] It should be noted that in combination with the following chemical formulas (1) to (6), for chemical formula (1), the steady-state polarization voltage of the carbon anode is the decomposition voltage of alumina under carbon anode conditions plus the overvoltage. The steady-state polarization voltage of the carbon anode is 1.68 V, and the decomposition temperature is 1100 K; for chemical formula (2), the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode (or metal) is the decomposition voltage of alumina under inert anode conditions plus the overvoltage. The steady-state polarization voltage is 2.29 V, and the decomposition temperature is 1100 K; for chemical formula (3), the polarization voltage corresponding to the electrochemical reaction of iron in aluminum electrolyte is 1.06 V, and the decomposition temperature is 1100 K; for chemical formula (4), the polarization voltage corresponding to the electrochemical reaction of iron in aluminum electrolyte is 1.37 V, and the decomposition temperature is 1100 K; for chemical formula (5), the polarization voltage corresponding to the electrochemical reaction of iron in aluminum electrolyte is 1.25 V, and the decomposition temperature is 1100 K; for chemical formula (6), the polarization voltage corresponding to the electrochemical reaction of iron in aluminum electrolyte is 1.60 V, and the decomposition temperature is 1100 K.

[0045] 2Al2O3 + 3C = 3CO2 + 4Al (l);

[0046] 2Al2O3 = 3O2 + 4Al (2);

[0047] 3Fe+4Al2O3=3FeAl2O4+2Al(3);

[0048] 2Fe+ Al2O3 = Fe2O3 + 2Al (4);

[0049] 3Fe + Al2O3 = 3FeO + 2Al (5);

[0050] 6FeO + Al2O3 = 3Fe2O3 + 2Al (6);

[0051] It should be noted that for the measurement of the anode voltage drop during the electrolysis operation of the pre-baked carbon anode, direct contact measurement is usually adopted. For example, a copper brazing rod is inserted above the carbon anode or on the anode rod, an iron brazing rod with a hook is used to hook the bottom of the carbon anode, and the voltage between the copper brazing rod and the iron brazing rod is measured with a multimeter to obtain the ohmic voltage drop of the carbon anode. The multimeter can be directly used to measure the ohmic voltage drop of the carbon anode during the aluminum electrolysis process. The reasons are specifically described as follows: From the above chemical formulas (1)-(6), it can be known that for the measurement of the voltage drop of the carbon anode, stable and accurate measurement can be achieved with an iron brazing rod. The core reasons are as follows. First, the stable polarization voltage of iron in the molten aluminum electrolyte is similar to that of the inert anode, both around 2.2V or above, which is higher than the stable polarization voltage of the carbon anode, about 1.68V. When the iron brazing rod contacts the carbon anode, the stable polarization voltage of the carbon anode limits the continuous polarization of the iron brazing rod. Second, the sharp corner at the end of the iron brazing rod can penetrate into the carbon anode and avoid the polarization voltage of the carbon anode. When the measurement time is short and the outer layer of the iron brazing rod is wrapped by solidified electrolyte or protected by an insulating sleeve, the influence of the polarization voltage of the carbon anode and the self-polarization voltage of the iron brazing rod can be ignored. For the above reasons, for the measurement of the carbon anode voltage drop, the ohmic voltage drop of the carbon anode can be directly measured without considering the influence of the polarization voltage.

[0052] However, a multimeter cannot be directly used to measure the ohmic voltage drop of an inert anode during the aluminum electrolysis process. The reasons are specifically described as follows: For the inert anode during the aluminum electrolysis process, the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode is about 2.2 V or above. When measuring the voltage drop of the inert anode with an iron rod, the iron rod cannot pierce the surface of the inert anode. Therefore, after the iron rod contacts the inert anode, the iron rod becomes a part of the inert anode and is gradually polarized. As different electrochemical reactions occur on the iron rod, the polarization voltage of the iron rod will be different. Therefore, the result at the initial stage of measurement is a continuously changing value. Only when the iron rod is fully polarized to reach a stable polarization voltage, the measured voltage value is a relatively stable data, and the measurement result includes both the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode itself and the polarization voltage. When the steady-state polarization voltage of the iron rod is lower than the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode, the polarization voltage is the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode; when the steady-state polarization voltage of the iron rod is higher than the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode, the polarization voltage is the steady-state polarization voltage of the iron rod. Therefore, when measuring the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, the influence of the polarization voltage needs to be considered.

[0053] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, first, a measuring tool is prepared, including a metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve, a copper rod, a multimeter, and connecting wires; then, the total voltage drop of the inert anode is measured, and the measurement range includes the voltage drops of the anode rod, the connecting material, and the inert anode body; after that, the polarization voltage of the inert anode body is obtained, and the obtaining methods include the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method and the back electromotive force measurement method; finally, the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode is calculated, that is, subtracting the polarization voltage of the inert anode body from the measured total voltage drop. Further, the second metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve can be made of one of pure iron, 310S stainless steel, 316L stainless steel, Monel alloy, and Inconel alloy, and one end of it is bent into a hook shape. Further, the insulating protective sleeve can be realized by using a corundum tube or a 310S stainless steel tube filled with refractory mud, which can protect the areas of the second metal rod other than the end hook-shaped bend that will contact the electrolyte melt. Further, when measuring the total voltage drop of the inert anode, one end of the copper rod is tied to the anode rod, and the other end is connected to the multimeter through a connecting wire. The hook-shaped bend of the second metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve hooks the bottom of the anode, and the other end is connected to the multimeter through a connecting wire to form a measurement circuit. Further, the total voltage drop V 总 measured of the inert anode includes the ohmic voltage drop V 欧姆 of the inert anode and the polarization voltage V 极化; During the measurement process, the hooked bent end of the metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve needs to be in full contact with the bottom of the inert anode and maintained for more than 20 s. After the hooked bent end of the second metal rod is fully polarized, the voltage value on the multimeter is read, which can ensure the accuracy of the value. Further, when the composition of the second metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve is different from the metal components contained in the inert anode body, the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry method needs to be used.

[0054] It should be noted that the influence of the polarization voltage during the measurement process is fully considered in the embodiments of the present invention. During the measurement process, the end of the metal rod is in full contact with the inert anode and maintained for more than 20 s to fully polarize the end of the metal rod and reach a stable polarization state. To avoid the influence of the potential in the electrolyte on the measurement, the metal rod is insulated and protected. When the stable polarization voltage of the metal rod is lower than the polarization voltage of the inert anode, the potential measured at the end of the metal rod is the potential of the inert anode, so the polarization voltage included is the polarization voltage of the inert anode. However, when the stable polarization voltage of the metal rod is higher than the polarization voltage of the inert anode, the potential measured at the end of the metal rod is the ohmic drop potential of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the metal rod itself, so the polarization voltage of the metal rod needs to be deducted.

[0055] To strengthen the understanding of this embodiment, the following is an example for illustration:

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] For an inert anode aluminum electrolysis cell with a 200 A horizontal electrode structure at the laboratory scale, the anode and cathode are a nickel ferrite-based cermet inert anode and a titanium boride wettable cathode respectively. The KF-LiF-cryolite electrolyte system is adopted, and the electrolysis temperature is about 820 °C. The electrode layout structure and voltage drop measurement can refer to Figure 2 as shown. The voltage drop measurement steps include: S1 Prepare the measurement tool. An alloy rod with the same metal components as those contained in the inert anode body is used as the second metal rod for contacting the inert anode for measurement, and the diameter of the second metal rod is 6 mm. A corundum tube is sleeved on the second metal rod as an insulating protective layer, and the gap between the corundum sleeve and the metal rod is filled with refractory mud for sealing. Except for the hooked bent area at the end of the second metal rod, the metal rod is isolated from the electrolyte melt by the insulating protective layer; the diameter of the first metal rod (copper rod) is 10 mm. S2 Measure the total voltage drop V 总 of the inert anode. The measurement range includes the voltage drops of the anode busbar, the connecting material, and the inert anode body; during the measurement, one end of the copper rod is tied to the anode busbar, and the hooked bend of the end of the metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve is closely attached to the bottom of the inert anode body, and kept in close contact for more than 20 s. When the reading on the multimeter is stable and no longer increases, the value is read. The total voltage drop V 总 = 2.98 V. S3 Obtain the polarization voltage V 极化The voltage value V0 measured by cyclic voltammetry is 2.29 V; in addition, the back electromotive force was measured by suddenly cutting off the direct current of the electrolytic cell, and V 反 = 2.32 V; the back electromotive force is taken as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, that is, V 极化 = 2.32 V. S4 Calculate the ohmic voltage drop V of the inert anode 欧姆 . When calculating the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, the formula V 欧姆 = V 总 - V 极化 is used, that is, V 欧姆 = 2.98 V - 2.32 V = 0.66 V.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] An inert anode aluminum electrolytic cell with a vertical electrode structure of 200 A in a certain laboratory scale, the anode and cathode are a nickel ferrite-based cermet inert anode and a titanium boride wettable cathode respectively, and a KF-LiF-cryolite electrolyte system is adopted, and the electrolysis temperature is about 820 °C. The electrode arrangement structure and the anode group voltage drop measurement are as Figure 3 shown. It includes the following steps: S1 Prepare the measuring tool. A 310S stainless steel rod is used as the second metal rod with a diameter of 6 mm. A corundum tube is sleeved on the second metal rod as an insulating protective layer, and the gap between the corundum sleeve and the metal rod is filled with refractory mud for sealing. The diameter of the copper rod (the first metal rod) is 10 mm. S2 Measure the total voltage drop V of the inert anode 总 . The measurement interval includes the voltage drops of the anode busbar, the connecting material, and the inert anode body; when the reading of the multimeter is stable and no longer increases, the value is read, which is the total voltage drop V 总 = 2.88 V. S3 Obtain the polarization voltage V of the inert anode body 极化 . Using the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method, the anode body is the inert anode body, and at this time, the measured voltage value V0 = 2.29 V; using the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method, the anode body is 310S stainless steel (the second metal rod), and at this time, the measured voltage value V1 = 2.33 V; according to the measurement results, the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod is higher than the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode body, and the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod is used as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, that is, V 极化

[0060] = 2.33 V. S4 Calculate the ohmic voltage drop V of the inert anode 欧姆 . When calculating the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, the formula V 欧姆 = V 总 - V 极化 is used, that is, V 欧姆 = 2.88 V - 2.33 V = 0.55 V.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] An inert anode aluminum electrolysis cell with a vertical electrode structure of 200 A in a certain laboratory scale, the anode and cathode are a Cu-Ni alloy-based inert anode and a titanium boride wettable cathode respectively, using a KF-AlF3 electrolyte system, and the electrolysis temperature is about 720 °C. The electrode arrangement structure and the anode group voltage drop measurement are as Figure 3 shown. The steps include: S1 Prepare the measuring tool. Use a 310S stainless steel rod as the second metal rod with a diameter of 6 mm. Slip a corundum tube over the metal rod as an insulating protective layer, and seal the gap between the corundum sleeve and the metal rod with refractory mud. Except for the hooked bending area at the end of the metal rod, the insulating protective layer isolates the metal rod from contacting the electrolyte melt; the diameter of the copper rod (the first metal rod) is 10 mm. S2 Measure the total voltage drop V 总 of the inert anode. The measurement range includes the voltage drops of the anode busbar, the connecting material, and the inert anode itself; when the reading of the multimeter is stable and no longer increases, read the value, which is the total voltage drop V 总 = 2.72 V. S3 Obtain the polarization voltage V 极化 of the inert anode body. Using the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method, the anode body is the inert anode body, and at this time the measured voltage value V0 = 2.34 V; using the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method, the anode body is 310S stainless steel (the second metal rod), and at this time the measured voltage value V1 = 2.32 V; according to the measurement results, the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod is higher than that of the inert anode body. Use the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, that is, V polarization = 2.33 V. According to the measurement results, the steady-state polarization voltage of the Cu-Ni alloy inert anode is higher than that of the 310S stainless steel rod. Use the steady-state polarization voltage of the Cu-Ni alloy inert anode as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, that is, V 极化 = 2.34 V. S4 Calculate the ohmic voltage drop V 欧姆 . When calculating the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, use the formula V 欧姆 = V 总 - V 极化 , that is, V 欧姆 = 2.72 V - 2.34 V = 0.38 V.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] An inert anode aluminum electrolysis cell with a vertical electrode structure of 1 kA in a certain laboratory scale, the anode and cathode are a nickel ferrite-based cermet inert anode and a titanium boride wettable cathode respectively, using a NaF-KF-LiF-AlF3 electrolyte system, and the electrolysis temperature is about 850 °C. The electrode arrangement structure and the anode group voltage drop measurement are as Figure 3As shown in the figure. It includes the following steps: S1 Prepare the measuring tool. Use a 310S stainless steel rod as the second metal rod with a diameter of 6 mm. Slip a corundum tube over the metal rod as the insulating protective layer 209, and seal the gap between the corundum tube and the metal rod with refractory mud. The diameter of the copper rod (the first metal rod) is 10 mm. S2 Measure the total voltage drop V of the inert anode 总 . The measurement range includes the voltage drops of the anode rod, the connecting material, and the inert anode body; during the measurement, maintain close contact for more than 20 s, and read the value when the reading of the multimeter stabilizes and no longer increases. The total voltage drop V 总 = 3.05 V. S3 Obtain the polarization voltage V of the inert anode body 极化 . Use the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method. The anode body is the inert anode body, and at this time the measured voltage value V0 = 2.28 V; use the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry curve method, and the anode body is 310S stainless steel (the second metal rod), and at this time the measured voltage value V1 = 2.32 V; according to the measurement results, the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod is higher than the steady-state polarization voltage of the inert anode body. Use the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, that is, V 极化 = 2.32 V. S4 Calculate the ohmic voltage drop V 欧姆 . When calculating the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, use the formula V 欧姆 = V 总 - V 极化 , that is, V 欧姆 = 3.05 V - 2.32 V = 0.73 V.

[0065] Example 5:

[0066] An inert anode aluminum electrolysis cell with a vertical electrode structure of 40 kA in a certain laboratory. The anode and cathode are a nickel ferrite-based cermet inert anode and a titanium boride wettable cathode respectively. The NaF-KF-LiF-AlF3 electrolyte system is used, and the electrolysis temperature is about 850 °C. The electrode arrangement structure and the measurement of the anode group voltage drop are as Figure 3 shown. It includes the following steps: S1 Prepare the measuring tool. Use a 310S stainless steel rod as the second metal rod with a diameter of 12 mm. Slip a 310S stainless steel tube filled with refractory mud over the metal rod as the insulating protective layer, and seal the gap between the 310S stainless steel tube and the metal rod with refractory mud. Except for the hooked bending area at the end of the metal rod, isolate the metal rod from contacting the electrolyte melt by the insulating protective layer; the diameter of the copper rod (the first metal rod) is 10 mm. S2 Measure the total voltage drop V of the inert anode 总 . The measurement range includes the voltage drops of the anode rod, the connecting material, and the inert anode body; during the measurement, maintain close contact for more than 20 s, and read the value when the reading of the multimeter stabilizes and no longer increases, which is the total voltage drop V 总= 2.86V. S3 obtains the polarization voltage V of the inert anode body 极化 . Using the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry method, the anode body is the inert anode body, and the measured voltage value V0 = 2.28V at this time; using the electrochemical cyclic voltammetry method, the anode body is 310S stainless steel (the second metal rod), and the measured voltage value V1 = 2.32V at this time; according to the measurement results, the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod is higher than that of the inert anode. Using the steady-state polarization voltage of the 310S stainless steel rod as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, that is, V 极化 = 2.32V. S4 calculates the ohmic voltage drop V 欧姆 . When calculating the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, the formula V 欧姆 = V 总 -V 极化 , that is, V 欧姆

[0067] = 2.86V - 2.32V = 0.54V.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, when electrolysis is carried out in the electrolytic cell, the total voltage drop of the inert anode is obtained through a voltage detector. The inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode guide rod, and a connection material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; the polarization voltage of the inert anode body is obtained; based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode is determined. It should be noted that the total voltage drop of the inert anode not only includes the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, but also includes the polarization voltage of the inert anode body. Therefore, determining the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body eliminates the influence of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body on the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, and further achieves the beneficial effect of improving the measurement accuracy of the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode. In addition, after obtaining the accurate ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode, the process parameter optimization management can be better carried out, and further the electrolysis energy consumption can be reduced.

[0069] Based on the same inventive concept, as shown in Figure 4 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a device 10 for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell, including: a voltage drop detection unit 110, configured to obtain the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector when electrolysis is carried out in the electrolytic cell. The inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode guide rod, and a connection material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; a voltage acquisition unit 120, configured to obtain the polarization voltage of the inert anode body; a voltage drop determination unit 130, configured to determine the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0070] It can be understood that the pressure drop detection unit 110 is specifically configured to: obtain the total pressure drop of the inert anode through a multimeter, and the voltage detector is the multimeter; wherein, the multimeter includes a multimeter body, a first metal rod, and a second metal rod. The first end of the first metal rod is connected to the anode rod, the second end of the first metal rod is connected to the positive terminal of the multimeter body through a wire, the first end of the second metal rod is connected to the bottom of the inert anode body, and the second end of the second metal rod is connected to the negative terminal of the multimeter body through a wire; the second metal rod is in contact with the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell.

[0071] It can be understood that the voltage acquisition unit 120 is specifically configured to: obtain the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the first reaction conditions, determine the first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; use the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0072] It can be understood that the voltage acquisition unit 120 can also be specifically configured to: obtain the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determine the second target data from a preset plurality of second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; use the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0073] It can be understood that the voltage acquisition unit 120 can also be specifically configured to: obtain the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the first reaction conditions, determine the first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; obtain the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determine the second target data from a preset plurality of second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; use the larger value of the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data and the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0074] It can be understood that the voltage acquisition unit 120 can also be specifically configured to: after powering off the electrolytic cell, acquire the back electromotive force of the electrolytic reaction measured by a voltmeter, where the positive electrode of the voltmeter is connected to the inert anode, and the negative electrode of the voltmeter is connected to the cathode of the electrolytic cell; and use the back electromotive force of the electrolytic reaction as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

[0075] It can be understood that the voltage drop determination unit 130 is specifically configured to: use the difference between the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body as the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

[0076] Wherein, the second metal rod is a metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve, the composition of the second metal rod is the same as that of the inert anode body, and the first end of the second metal rod is hook-shaped.

[0077] It should be understood that more implementation details of the voltage drop determination device 10 of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell in the embodiments of the present invention refer to those described in the foregoing method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell. For the sake of brevity of the specification, they will not be elaborated herein.

[0078] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, as Figure 5 shown, including a memory 504, a processor 502, and a computer program stored on the memory 504 and executable on the processor 502. The processor 502 executes the program to implement the steps of any one of the embodiments of the method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell.

[0079] Wherein, in Figure 5 , the bus architecture (represented by bus 500), bus 500 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges. Bus 500 links together various circuits including one or more processors represented by processor 502 and a memory represented by memory 504. Bus 500 can also link together various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and thus will not be further described herein. Bus interface 505 provides an interface between bus 500 and receiver 501 and transmitter 503. Receiver 501 and transmitter 503 can be the same element, i.e., a transceiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Processor 502 is responsible for managing bus 500 and general processing, while memory 504 can be used to store data used by processor 502 when performing operations.

[0080] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described above can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. In addition, each functional unit can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0081] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed with each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of units or modules can be in an electrical or other form.

[0082] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components serving as control devices may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0083] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc., which can store program codes.

[0084] The above are only embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell, characterized in that, Including: When electrolysis is carried out in an electrolytic cell, the total voltage drop of the inert anode is obtained through a voltage detector. The inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode rod, and a connecting material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode rod; Obtain the polarization voltage of the inert anode body; Based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body, determine the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

2. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of the total voltage drop of the inert anode through the voltage detector includes: Obtain the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a multimeter, and the voltage detector is the multimeter; Wherein, the multimeter includes a multimeter body, a first metal rod, and a second metal rod. The first end of the first metal rod is connected to the anode rod, the second end of the first metal rod is connected to the positive terminal of the multimeter body through a wire, the first end of the second metal rod is connected to the bottom of the inert anode body, and the second end of the second metal rod is connected to the negative terminal of the multimeter body through a wire; the second metal rod is in contact with the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell.

3. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: Obtain the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell. The first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; Based on the first reaction conditions, determine the first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under these reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; [[ID=!0]]Take the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

4. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: Obtain the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell. The second reaction conditions include the components of the second metal rod, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; Based on the second reaction conditions, determine the second target data from a preset plurality of second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under these reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; Take the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

5. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: Obtain the first reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell. The first reaction conditions include the components of the inert anode body, the components of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; Based on the first reaction conditions, determine the first target data from a preset plurality of first data; wherein, the first data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under these reaction conditions by cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the inert anode body; Obtain the second reaction conditions of the electrolytic cell, where the second reaction conditions include the composition of the second metal rod, the composition of the electrolyte of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolysis temperature; based on the second reaction conditions, determine the second target data from a plurality of preset second data; wherein, the second data is obtained by measuring the steady-state polarization voltage of the anode body under the reaction conditions through cyclic voltammetry, and the anode body is the second metal rod; Take the larger value of the steady-state polarization voltage of the first target data and the steady-state polarization voltage of the second target data as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

6. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The obtaining of the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: After powering off the electrolytic cell, obtain the back electromotive force of the electrolytic reaction measured by a voltmeter, with the positive pole of the voltmeter connected to the inert anode and the negative pole of the voltmeter connected to the cathode of the electrolytic cell; Take the back electromotive force of the electrolytic reaction as the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

7. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The determining of the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body includes: Take the difference between the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body as the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode.

8. The method for determining the voltage drop of the inert anode of the electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second metal rod is a metal rod with an insulating protective sleeve, the composition of the second metal rod is the same as that of the inert anode body, and the first end of the second metal rod is hook-shaped.

9. A device for determining the voltage drop of an inert anode of an electrolytic cell, characterized in that, Includes: A voltage drop detection unit, configured to obtain the total voltage drop of the inert anode through a voltage detector when the electrolytic cell is electrolyzing, where the inert anode includes an inert anode body, an anode guide rod, and a connection material for connecting the inert anode body and the anode guide rod; A voltage acquisition unit, configured to obtain the polarization voltage of the inert anode body; A voltage drop determination unit, configured to determine the ohmic voltage drop of the inert anode based on the total voltage drop of the inert anode and the polarization voltage of the inert anode body.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1-8 when executing the computer program.

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