Electrolysis device for preparing thorium

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolysis device for preparing thorium. The electrolysis device comprises a shell, an upper end cover, an anode and a cathode, the anode comprises an anode shell, a first horn shell, a conduction nozzle and a gas guide tube; the cathode comprises a cathode cover, a second horn shell and an adapter tube; and the cathode can rotate relative to the anode. The electrolysis device is large in electrolysis area, and the phenomenon that the local current density is too high can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrolysis device for preparing thorium. Background Art

[0002] Thorium is a radioactive element, which is widely used in alloy materials, incandescent mantles, medical treatment, aerospace and other fields. There are mainly two methods for preparing metallic thorium: metallothermic reduction and molten salt electrolysis. The thorium prepared by the metallothermic reduction method has a relatively low purity. The molten salt electrolysis method is to electrolyze thorium ions in a molten salt body in an electrolytic cell under high temperature conditions to obtain metallic thorium.

[0003] CN105624728A discloses an electrolytic cell, including an upper cell body, a lower cell body and a base. The upper cell body and the lower cell body are connected by a connecting flange, and the lower cell body is concentrically installed on the base. The upper cell body is provided with a cell cover at the top and an upper end of an anode graphite and a cathode in the middle. The cathode is arranged around the outside of the upper end of the anode graphite, and the top of the upper end of the anode graphite is not lower than the top of the cathode. A lower end of the anode graphite is arranged below the upper end of the anode graphite, and both are immersed in the electrolyte and connected by a conical graphite joint. An anode box is arranged in the base.

[0004] CN210237802U discloses a molten salt electrolytic cell, including an electrolytic cell main body, a support plate and a support column. The electrolytic cell main body includes a graphite cell, a graphite powder layer is arranged outside the graphite cell, an inner iron sheet layer is fixedly connected to the outside of the graphite powder layer, a ceramic fiber board is fixedly connected to the outside of the inner iron sheet layer, and an outer iron sheet layer is fixedly connected to the outside of the ceramic fiber board. The bottom end of the graphite cell is of a conical structure, and a receiving crucible is arranged at the bottom of the graphite cell. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the graphite cell, a connecting rod is arranged at one end of the connecting block away from the graphite cell, the connecting rod is threadedly connected with the connecting block, an anode fixing block is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting block, a fixing groove is formed in the anode fixing block, an anode is arranged in the fixing groove, and the outer side wall of the anode is mutually attached to the inner side wall of the fixing groove.

[0005] The electrolytic area between the cathode and the anode of the above-mentioned electrolytic cell is small, the distance between the cathode and the anode is large, the cell voltage is high, and the current efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrolysis device for preparing thorium, which has a large electrolytic area and can reduce the phenomenon of excessive local current density. Further, the electrolytic device has a short electrode distance, a low cell voltage and a high electrolysis efficiency.

[0007] The present invention provides an electrolysis device for preparing thorium, including a housing, an upper end cover, an anode and a cathode;

[0008] The housing has a housing cavity with an upper opening;

[0009] The upper end cover covers the upper opening of the outer shell cavity;

[0010] The anode includes an anode shell, a first horn shell, a conduction nozzle, and a gas pipe;

[0011] The anode shell includes an upper anode shell and an anode lower edge formed by extending downward from the lower end of the upper anode shell; the upper anode shell has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the diameter of the upper opening of the upper anode shell is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the upper anode shell; the anode shell is disposed in the outer shell cavity;

[0012] The first horn shell has a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end; the large-diameter end of the first horn shell is connected to the anode lower edge, and the small-diameter end of the first horn shell is a free end; an anode through-hole is provided on the first horn shell; the first horn shell is disposed in the outer shell cavity;

[0013] The conduction nozzle is in a horn shape and has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end; the large-diameter end of the conduction nozzle is connected to the anode through-hole; the small-diameter end of the conduction nozzle is disposed in the first horn shell, and the small-diameter end of the conduction nozzle is a free end;

[0014] The gas pipe has a first end and a second end that are away from each other; the first end of the gas pipe is communicated with the upper opening of the upper anode shell, and the second end of the gas pipe passes through the upper end cover; the gas pipe is arranged to discharge gas from the outer shell cavity;

[0015] The cathode includes a cathode cover, a second horn shell, and a transition pipe;

[0016] The cathode cover includes an upper cathode cover and a cathode lower edge formed by extending downward from the lower end of the upper cathode cover; the upper cathode cover has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the diameter of the upper opening of the upper cathode cover is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the upper cathode cover; the cathode cover covers the outside of the anode shell;

[0017] The second horn shell has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end; the large-diameter end of the second horn shell is connected to the cathode lower edge, and the small-diameter section of the second horn shell is a free end; the second horn shell covers the outside of the first horn shell; the second horn shell and the first horn shell do not contact each other, and an electrolysis chamber is formed therebetween;

[0018] Turbulent flow vanes are provided on the inner wall of the second horn shell, and the turbulent flow vanes are disposed in the electrolysis chamber; the turbulent flow vanes are arranged to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber;

[0019] The transfer pipe has a first end and a second end that are away from each other; the first end of the transfer pipe is connected to the upper opening of the upper end cover of the cathode, and the second end of the transfer pipe passes through the upper end cover; the transfer pipe is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct.

[0020] The cathode can rotate relative to the anode.

[0021] According to the electrolysis device of the present invention, preferably, the electrolysis device further includes a rotation and sealing assembly; the rotation and sealing assembly includes a bearing, a sealing cover, a fitting sleeve, and a transmission gear.

[0022] The bearing is arranged between the air duct and the transfer pipe.

[0023] The sealing cover is installed at the upper end of the transfer pipe and is arranged around the air duct.

[0024] The fitting sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct, and the fitting sleeve is connected to the upper end of the sealing cover.

[0025] The transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the fitting sleeve.

[0026] According to the electrolysis device of the present invention, preferably, a plurality of flow disturbing vanes are provided, and the plurality of flow disturbing vanes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second bell housing.

[0027] According to the electrolysis device of the present invention, preferably, the upper end shell of the anode is trumpet-shaped, the lower edge of the anode is tubular, the upper end cover of the cathode is trumpet-shaped, and the lower edge of the cathode is tubular.

[0028] According to the electrolysis device of the present invention, preferably, the conduction nozzle is inclined upward from the large-diameter end to the small-diameter end.

[0029] According to the electrolysis device of the present invention, preferably, the outer shell includes an outer shell protective layer and an outer shell heat insulation layer, and the outer shell heat insulation layer is arranged inside the outer shell protective layer.

[0030] The upper end cover includes an upper end cover protective layer and an upper end cover heat insulation layer, and the upper end cover heat insulation layer is arranged inside the upper end cover protective layer.

[0031] According to the electrolysis device of the present invention, preferably, the electrolysis device further includes a lining.

[0032] The outer shell includes an outer shell bottom plate and an outer shell side wall, and the outer shell bottom plate and the outer shell side wall enclose to form the outer shell cavity.

[0033] The lining is arranged in the outer shell cavity; the lining includes a lining bottom plate and a lining side wall, and the lower end surface of the lining bottom plate is attached to the upper end surface of the outer shell bottom plate.

[0034] In the electrolysis device according to the present invention, preferably, the end of the upper end surface of the inner lining bottom plate is inclined towards the middle, so that the height of the middle of the upper end surface of the inner lining bottom plate is lower than the height of the end of the upper end surface of the inner lining bottom plate.

[0035] In the electrolysis device according to the present invention, preferably, a housing guide through hole is provided on the housing side wall, a lining guide through hole is provided on the lining side wall, and the lining guide through hole and the housing guide through hole are in communication with each other;

[0036] A bottom plate guide through hole is provided in the middle of the inner lining bottom plate;

[0037] A conduction channel is provided in the inner lining bottom plate, and the conduction channel has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the conduction channel is connected to the bottom plate guide through hole, and the second end of the conduction channel penetrates through the lining guide through hole and the housing guide through hole.

[0038] In the electrolysis device according to the present invention, preferably, the electrolysis device further includes a first pipe body and a second pipe body;

[0039] At least a part of the first pipe body is arranged outside the housing cavity; the first pipe body has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other, and the first end of the first pipe body is connected to the second end of the conduction channel; the first pipe body is arranged to discharge the electrolytically obtained thorium from the electrolysis device; a first control valve is provided on the first pipe body.

[0040] The second pipe body has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other, and the first end of the second pipe body is connected to the first pipe body; the second pipe body is arranged to convey molten salt into the housing cavity.

[0041] In the electrolysis device for preparing thorium according to the present invention, the structures of the cathode and the anode can effectively increase the electrolysis area and reduce the occurrence of too high local current density; at the same time, the electrode distance is shortened, the cell voltage is reduced, and the current efficiency of the electrolytic cell is improved. The inner lining bottom plate of the present invention is convenient for collecting and fully discharging thorium. The conduction nozzle of the present invention can increase the electrolysis area and is convenient for introducing the generated gas into the gas guide pipe. The flow disturbing blades disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis cavity and promote the mass transfer of thorium ions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolysis device for preparing thorium according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 is Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the anode shown.

[0044] Figure 3 is Figure 2Cross-sectional view of the anode shown

[0045] Figure 4 is Figure 1 Partial structural schematic diagram of the cathode shown

[0046] Figure 5 is Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the cathode shown

[0047] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0048] 401 - Outer shell protective layer; 402 - Upper end cover; 403 - Outer shell heat insulation layer; 404 - Inner lining; 405 - Conducting channel; 406 - First tube body; 407 - Second tube body; 408 - First control valve; 409 - Second control valve; 411 - Anode; 4111 - Anode shell; 4112 - First horn shell; 4113 - Small-diameter end of the first horn shell; 4114 - Conducting nozzle; 412 - Gas guide tube; 413 - Gas guide valve; 410 - Cathode; 4101 - Cathode cover; 4102 - Adapter tube; 4103 - Second horn shell; 4104 - Turbulence blade; 414 - Sealing cover; 415 - Fitting set; 416 - Transmission gear Specific embodiments

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto

[0050] The electrolysis device for preparing thorium according to the present invention includes an outer shell, an upper end cover, an anode and a cathode. In some embodiments, it includes one or more of a rotation and sealing assembly, an inner lining, a first tube body, and a second tube body

[0051] Outer shell and upper end cap

[0052] The outer shell of the present invention has an outer shell cavity with an upper opening. The outer shell includes an outer shell bottom plate and an outer shell side wall. The outer shell bottom plate and the outer shell side wall enclose to form the outer shell cavity. An outer shell through hole may be provided on the outer shell side wall. The outer shell bottom plate may be composed of an outer shell protective layer and an outer shell heat insulation layer. The outer shell side wall may be composed of an outer shell protective layer and an outer shell heat insulation layer. The outer shell heat insulation layer is provided inside the outer shell protective layer. The inside of the outer shell protective layer refers to the side of the outer shell protective layer close to the outer shell cavity

[0053] The upper end cover of the present invention covers the upper opening of the outer shell cavity. The upper end cover may include an upper end cover protective layer and an upper end cover heat insulation layer. The upper end cover heat insulation layer is provided on the inner layer of the upper end cover protective layer. The inside of the upper end cover protective layer refers to the side of the upper end cover protective layer close to the outer shell cavity

[0054] Anode

[0055] The anode of the present invention includes an anode shell, a first horn shell, a conducting nozzle, and a gas guide tube.

[0056] The anode shell of the present invention includes an upper anode shell and an anode lower edge formed by extending downward from the lower end of the upper anode shell. The anode shell is arranged in the outer shell cavity.

[0057] The upper anode shell has an upper opening and a lower opening. The diameter of the upper opening of the upper anode shell is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the upper anode shell. The upper anode shell can be in a horn shape. The anode lower edge is tubular.

[0058] The first horn shell has a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the first horn shell is connected to the anode lower edge. The small-diameter end of the first horn shell is a free end. A plurality of anode through-holes are provided on the first horn shell. The first horn shell is arranged in the outer shell cavity.

[0059] The length of the upper anode shell in the vertical direction is smaller than the length of the first horn shell in the vertical direction.

[0060] The conducting nozzle is in a horn shape. The conducting nozzle has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the conducting nozzle is connected to the anode through-hole. The small-diameter end of the conducting nozzle is arranged inside the first horn shell. The small-diameter end of the conducting nozzle is a free end. Preferably, the conducting nozzle is inclined upward from the large-diameter end to the small-diameter end. This helps to increase the electrolysis area and facilitates introducing gas into the gas guide tube.

[0061] The gas guide tube has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the gas guide tube is communicated with the upper opening of the upper anode shell. The second end of the gas guide tube passes through the upper cover. The gas guide tube is arranged to discharge gas from the outer shell cavity. A gas guide valve can be provided on the gas guide tube.

[0062] Cathode

[0063] The cathode of the present invention includes a cathode cover, a second horn shell, and a transition pipe.

[0064] The cathode cover of the present invention includes an upper cathode cover and a cathode lower edge formed by extending downward from the lower end of the upper cathode cover.

[0065] The upper cathode cover has an upper opening and a lower opening. The diameter of the upper opening of the upper cathode cover is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the upper cathode cover. The upper cathode cover is in a horn shape. The cathode lower edge is tubular.

[0066] The cathode cover covers the outside of the anode shell. There is no contact between the cathode cover and the anode shell. The cathode cover is arranged in the outer shell cavity.

[0067] The second horn housing has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the second horn housing is connected to the lower edge of the cathode. The small-diameter end of the second horn housing is a free end. The second horn housing covers the outside of the first horn housing. The second horn housing and the first horn housing do not contact each other, and an electrolysis chamber is formed between them. The second horn housing is arranged in the housing cavity.

[0068] Turbulent flow vanes are arranged on the inner wall of the second horn housing. The turbulent flow vanes are arranged in the electrolysis chamber. The turbulent flow vanes are arranged in multiple numbers. The multiple turbulent flow vanes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second horn housing. The turbulent flow vanes are arranged to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber.

[0069] The length of the cathode cover in the vertical direction is less than the length of the second horn housing in the vertical direction.

[0070] The adapter pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the adapter pipe is connected to the upper opening of the upper cathode cover. The second end of the adapter pipe passes through the upper end cover. The adapter pipe is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct.

[0071] The cathode of the present invention can rotate relative to the anode. The rotation of the cathode drives the rotation of the turbulent flow vanes, and the turbulent flow vanes disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis chamber, promoting the mass transfer of thorium ions.

[0072] Rotation and sealing assembly

[0073] The transmission and sealing assembly of the present invention includes a bearing, a sealing cover, a fitting sleeve, and a transmission gear.

[0074] The bearing is arranged between the air duct and the adapter pipe. The bearing is preferably a ceramic bearing.

[0075] The sealing cover is installed at the upper end of the adapter pipe. The sealing cover is arranged around the air duct.

[0076] The fitting sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct. The fitting sleeve is connected to the upper end of the sealing cover.

[0077] The transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the fitting sleeve.

[0078] The transmission gear drives the fitting sleeve to rotate, the fitting sleeve drives the sealing cover to rotate, and the sealing cover drives the cathode to rotate.

[0079] Inner lining

[0080] The inner lining of the present invention is arranged in the housing cavity. The inner lining includes an inner lining bottom plate and inner lining side walls. The lower end surface of the inner lining bottom plate is attached to the upper end surface of the housing bottom plate. The outer surface of the inner lining side walls is attached to the inner surface of the housing side walls.

[0081] Inner lining guide through holes can be arranged on the inner lining side walls. The inner lining guide through holes communicate with the housing guide through holes.

[0082] The end of the upper end face of the inner lining bottom plate can be inclined towards the middle, so that the height of the middle part of the upper end face of the inner lining bottom plate is lower than the height of the end part of the upper end face of the inner lining bottom plate. A bottom plate through hole can be arranged in the middle of the inner lining bottom plate.

[0083] A conduction channel can be arranged inside the inner lining bottom plate. The conduction channel has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the conduction channel is connected to the bottom plate through hole. The second end of the conduction channel penetrates through the inner lining through hole and the housing through hole. This is convenient for collecting metallic thorium and facilitating the full discharge of metallic thorium.

[0084] First tube body and second tube body

[0085] At least a part of the first tube body of the present invention is arranged outside the housing cavity. The first tube body has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the first tube body is connected to the second end of the conduction channel. The first tube body is arranged to discharge the electrolytically obtained metallic thorium from the electrolysis device. A first control valve can be arranged on the first tube body. The first control valve can be arranged close to the second end of the first tube body. Metallic thorium can be sucked out through the first tube body by means of suction.

[0086] The second tube body of the present invention has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the second tube body is connected to the first tube body. Specifically, the first end of the second tube body is connected to the part of the first tube body arranged outside the housing cavity. The second end of the second tube body is used to be connected to the molten salt supply device. The second tube body is arranged to convey molten salt into the housing cavity. A second control valve is arranged on the second tube body. The second control valve can be arranged close to the second end of the second tube body. The housing cavity can be evacuated through an air guide pipe, so that the molten salt in the molten salt supply device enters the inner lining through the second tube body and the conduction channel.

[0087] Embodiment 1

[0088] As Figure 1 shown, the electrolysis device for preparing thorium in this embodiment includes a housing, an upper end cover 402, an inner lining 404, an anode 411, a cathode 410, a first tube body 406, a second tube body 407, and a rotation and sealing assembly.

[0089] The housing includes a housing bottom plate and a housing side wall. The housing bottom plate and the housing side wall enclose to form a housing cavity with an upper opening. A housing through hole is arranged on the housing side wall. Both the housing bottom plate and the housing side wall are composed of a housing protection layer 401 and a housing heat insulation layer 403. The housing heat insulation layer 403 is arranged on the inner side (the side close to the housing cavity) of the housing protection layer 401.

[0090] The upper end cover 402 covers the upper opening of the outer shell cavity. The upper end cover 402 includes an upper end cover protective layer and an upper end cover heat insulation layer. The upper end cover heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner side (the side close to the outer shell cavity) of the upper end cover protective layer.

[0091] The inner liner 404 is arranged in the outer shell cavity. The inner liner 404 includes an inner liner bottom plate and inner liner side walls. The lower end surface of the inner liner bottom plate is attached to the upper end surface of the outer shell bottom plate. The outer surface of the inner liner side walls is attached to the inner surface of the outer shell side walls. Inner liner guide through holes are arranged on the inner liner side walls. The inner liner guide through holes and the outer shell guide through holes are in communication. The end portion of the upper end surface of the inner liner bottom plate is inclined towards the middle, so that the height of the middle of the upper end surface of the inner liner bottom plate is lower than the height of the end portion of the upper end surface of the inner liner bottom plate. A bottom plate guide through hole is arranged in the middle of the inner liner bottom plate. A conduction channel 405 is arranged in the inner liner bottom plate. The conduction channel 405 has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the conduction channel 405 is connected to the bottom plate guide through hole. The second end of the conduction channel 405 passes through the inner liner guide through hole and the outer shell guide through hole. This facilitates the collection of metallic thorium and is conducive to the full discharge of metallic thorium.

[0092] At least a part of the first pipe body 406 is arranged outside the outer shell cavity. The first pipe body 406 has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the first pipe body 406 is connected to the second end of the conduction channel 405. The first pipe body 406 is used to discharge the electrolyzed metallic thorium out of the electrolysis device. A first control valve 408 is arranged on the first pipe body 406. The first control valve 408 is arranged close to the second end of the first pipe body 406.

[0093] The second pipe body 407 has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the second pipe body 407 is connected to the first pipe body 406. The second end of the second pipe body 407 is used to be connected to a molten salt supply device. A second control valve 409 is arranged on the second pipe body 407. The second control valve 409 is arranged close to the second end of the second pipe body 407.

[0094] As Figures 2-3 shown, the anode 411 includes an anode shell 4111, a first horn shell 4112, a conduction nozzle 4114, and a gas guide pipe 412.

[0095] The anode shell 4111 includes an anode upper shell and an anode lower edge formed by extending downward from the lower end portion of the anode upper shell. The anode upper shell is in a horn shape. The diameter of the upper opening of the anode upper shell is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the anode upper shell. The anode lower edge is tubular.

[0096] The first horn shell 4112 has a small diameter end 4113 and a large diameter end. The large diameter end of the first horn shell 4112 is connected to the anode lower edge. The small diameter end 4113 of the first horn shell is a free end. A plurality of anode through holes are arranged on the first horn shell 4112.

[0097] The conduction nozzle 4114 is in a flared shape. The conduction nozzle 4114 has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the conduction nozzle 4114 is connected to the anode through-hole. The small-diameter end of the conduction nozzle 4114 is arranged inside the first flared shell 4112. From the large-diameter end to the small-diameter end direction, the conduction nozzle 4114 is arranged to incline upward.

[0098] The anode shell 4111 and the first flared shell 4112 are arranged in the outer shell cavity. The length of the anode shell 4111 in the vertical direction is less than the length of the first flared shell 4112 in the vertical direction.

[0099] The gas guide pipe 412 has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other. The first end of the gas guide pipe 412 is connected and communicated with the upper end opening of the upper anode shell. The second end of the gas guide pipe 412 passes through the upper end cover 402. The second end of the gas guide pipe 412 is used to be connected to the exhaust pipe. The gas guide pipe 412 is used to discharge gas from the outer shell cavity. A gas guide valve 413 is arranged on the gas guide pipe 412.

[0100] As Figures 4-5 shown, the cathode 410 includes a cathode cover 4101, a second flared shell 4103, and a transition pipe 4102.

[0101] The cathode cover 4101 includes an upper cathode cover and a cathode lower edge formed by extending downward from the lower end of the upper cathode cover. The upper cathode cover is in a flared shape. The diameter of the upper end opening of the upper cathode cover is smaller than the diameter of the lower end opening of the upper cathode cover. The cathode lower edge is tubular.

[0102] The cathode cover 4101 covers the outside of the anode shell 4111, and the two do not contact each other.

[0103] The second flared shell 4103 has a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end. The large-diameter end of the second flared shell 4103 is connected to the cathode lower edge. The small-diameter end of the second flared shell 4103 is a free end.

[0104] The second flared shell 4103 covers the outside of the first flared shell 4112, and the two do not contact each other. An electrolysis cavity is formed between the first flared shell 4112 and the second flared shell 4103.

[0105] Flow disturbance vanes 4104 are arranged on the inner wall of the second flared shell 4103. The flow disturbance vanes 4104 are located in the electrolysis cavity. The flow disturbance vanes 4104 are arranged in multiple numbers. The multiple flow disturbance vanes 4104 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second flared shell 4103. The flow disturbance vanes 4104 are used to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis cavity.

[0106] The length of the cathode cover 4101 in the vertical direction is less than the length of the second flared shell 4103 in the vertical direction.

[0107] The transfer tube 4102 has a first end and a second end that are spaced apart from each other. The first end of the transfer tube 4102 is connected to the upper opening of the cathode upper end cover. The second end of the transfer tube 4102 extends through the upper end cover 402. The transfer tube 4102 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the air guide tube 412.

[0108] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotating and sealing assembly includes a bearing, a sealing cover 414 , a mounting sleeve 415 and a transmission gear 416 .

[0109] The bearing is provided between the air guide tube 412 and the transfer tube 4102. The bearing is preferably a ceramic bearing.

[0110] The sealing cover 414 is mounted on the upper end of the transfer tube 4102. The sealing cover 414 is disposed around the air guide tube 412.

[0111] The assembly sleeve 415 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the air guide tube 412 and is connected to the upper end of the sealing cover 414 .

[0112] The transmission gear 416 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the assembly sleeve 415 .

[0113] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any modification, improvement, or substitution that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrolysis device for preparing thorium, characterized in that, The electrolysis device includes a housing, an upper end cover, an anode, and a cathode; The housing has a housing cavity with an upper opening; The upper end cover covers the upper opening of the housing cavity; The anode includes an anode shell, a first horn shell, a conduction nozzle, and a gas pipe; The anode shell includes an upper anode shell and an anode lower edge extending downward from the lower part of the upper anode shell; the upper anode shell has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the diameter of the upper opening of the upper anode shell is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the upper anode shell; the anode shell is arranged in the housing cavity; The first horn shell has a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end; the large-diameter end of the first horn shell is connected to the anode lower edge, and the small-diameter end of the first horn shell is a free end; an anode through-hole is provided on the first horn shell; the first horn shell is arranged in the housing cavity; The conduction nozzle is in a horn shape and has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end; the large-diameter end of the conduction nozzle is connected to the anode through-hole; the small-diameter end of the conduction nozzle is arranged in the first horn shell, and the small-diameter end of the conduction nozzle is a free end; The gas pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the gas pipe is communicated with the upper opening of the upper anode shell, and the second end of the gas pipe passes through the upper end cover; the gas pipe is arranged to discharge gas from the housing cavity; The cathode includes a cathode cover, a second horn shell, and a transfer pipe; The cathode cover includes an upper cathode cover and a cathode lower edge extending downward from the lower part of the upper cathode cover; the upper cathode cover has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the diameter of the upper opening of the upper cathode cover is smaller than the diameter of the lower opening of the upper cathode cover; the cathode cover covers the outside of the anode shell; The second horn shell has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end; the large-diameter end of the second horn shell is connected to the cathode lower edge, and the small-diameter section of the second horn shell is a free end; the second horn shell covers the outside of the first horn shell; the second horn shell and the first horn shell do not contact each other, and an electrolysis cavity is formed between the two; Turbulent flow vanes are arranged on the inner wall of the second horn shell, and the turbulent flow vanes are arranged in the electrolysis cavity; the turbulent flow vanes are arranged to disturb the molten salt in the electrolysis cavity; The transfer pipe has a first end and a second end that are far away from each other; the first end of the transfer pipe is connected to the upper opening of the upper cathode cover, and the second end of the transfer pipe passes through the upper end cover; the transfer pipe is sleeved on the outer periphery of the gas pipe; The cathode can rotate relative to the anode.

2. The electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolysis device further includes a rotation and sealing assembly; the rotation and sealing assembly includes a bearing, a sealing cover, a fitting sleeve, and a transmission gear; The bearing is arranged between the gas pipe and the transfer pipe; The sealing cover is installed at the upper end of the transfer pipe and is arranged around the gas pipe; The fitting sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the gas pipe, and the fitting sleeve is connected to the upper end of the sealing cover; The transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the fitting sleeve.

3. The electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that The spoiler vanes are provided in plurality, and the plurality of spoiler vanes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second horn housing.

4. The electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end housing of the anode is horn-shaped, the lower edge of the anode is tubular, the upper end cover of the cathode is horn-shaped, and the lower edge of the cathode is tubular.

5. The electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conduction nozzle is arranged to incline upward from the large-diameter end to the small-diameter end.

6. The electrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein The outer housing includes an outer housing protective layer and an outer housing heat insulation layer, and the outer housing heat insulation layer is arranged inside the outer housing protective layer; The upper end cover includes an upper end cover protective layer and an upper end cover heat insulation layer, and the upper end cover heat insulation layer is arranged inside the upper end cover protective layer.

7. The electrolysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The electrolysis device further includes a lining; The outer housing includes an outer housing bottom plate and an outer housing side wall, and the outer housing bottom plate and the outer housing side wall enclose to form the outer housing cavity; The lining is arranged in the outer housing cavity; The lining includes a lining bottom plate and a lining side wall, and the lower end surface of the lining bottom plate is attached to the upper end surface of the outer housing bottom plate.

8. The electrolysis device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end portion of the upper end surface of the lining bottom plate is arranged to incline towards the middle, so that the height of the middle of the upper end surface of the lining bottom plate is lower than the height of the end portion of the upper end surface of the lining bottom plate.

9. The electrolysis device according to claim 8, characterized in that, An outer housing through hole is arranged on the outer housing side wall, a lining through hole is arranged on the lining side wall, and the lining through hole and the outer housing through hole are in communication; A bottom plate through hole is arranged in the middle of the lining bottom plate; A conduction channel is arranged inside the lining bottom plate, and the conduction channel has a first end and a second end which are away from each other; the first end of the conduction channel is connected to the bottom plate through hole, and the second end of the conduction channel penetrates through the lining through hole and the outer housing through hole.

10. The electrolysis device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electrolysis device further includes a first pipe body and a second pipe body; At least a part of the first pipe body is arranged outside the outer housing cavity; the first pipe body has a first end and a second end which are away from each other, and the first end of the first pipe body is connected to the second end of the conduction channel; the first pipe body is arranged to discharge the electrolytically obtained thorium metal out of the electrolysis device; a first control valve is arranged on the first pipe body; The second pipe body has a first end and a second end which are away from each other, and the first end of the second pipe body is connected to the first pipe body; the second pipe body is arranged to convey molten salt into the outer housing cavity.

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