A comprehensive vibration damping device for cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker

Abstract

This invention discloses a comprehensive vibration damping device for a cargo fixing base on a chemical tanker, belonging to the field of fixed base vibration damping. Installed within the hull, it includes a fixed support that extends downwards into the hull and is embedded in the deck. A cross-type spring assembly is located below the bottom of the fixed base. Below the cross-type spring assembly are two sets of damping buffer devices. A partition plate is provided between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring assembly and the slide rail of the damping buffer devices. A first slide rail is fixed above the partition plate, and a second slide rail is fixed below the partition plate. An airbag spring vibration damping device is located in the middle position below the partition plate. This invention, employing the aforementioned comprehensive vibration damping device for a cargo fixing base on a chemical tanker, reduces the vibration of chemical storage containers by installing vibration damping devices on the fixed base, thereby better maintaining the safety of chemical maritime transport and the marine ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fixed base vibration reduction, and in particular to a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a fixed base of cargo on a chemical tanker. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the continuous development of the shipping industry, the frequency of use of chemical tankers has been increasing, and they are becoming increasingly favored in the international transportation market, becoming one of the mainstream ship types in the current shipping market. However, problems have also arisen. The cargo transported by chemical tankers mainly consists of various toxic, flammable, volatile, or corrosive chemical liquids. These chemically unstable liquids are prone to container explosions if subjected to violent shaking, which severely tests the chemical tanker's ability to secure and dampen the liquid storage containers. In addition, the lifting-type fixing method results in a higher overall center of gravity for the fixing device, reducing the rigidity of the fixing position to the deck. During transportation, vibration may cause structural stress concentration, leading to cracks. In severe cases, this can cause the fixing device to break down, resulting in the leakage of chemical liquids and causing pollution to the air and the ocean. To prevent the fixing device from being damaged by vibration during sea transport, thus posing a chemical leakage hazard and causing marine environmental pollution, it is necessary to add vibration damping devices to the fixing base of the lifting-type fixing device to protect the fixing device and maritime safety.

[0003] Currently, there are few vibration damping devices based on fixed bases used in chemical tanker transportation. Existing research includes methods such as designing specific deck structures to reduce resonance and adding protective devices on both sides of the cargo body to mitigate severe vibrations. Furthermore, the fixed bases of chemical tankers are generally directly connected by welding. This connection method provides almost no vibration damping effect, significantly increasing the likelihood of cracking and resulting in a relatively short service life for the fixed bases. There is currently no vibration damping method that installs vibration damping devices on fixed bases to reduce the vibration of chemical storage containers. Therefore, a more comprehensive and multi-directional base vibration damping device is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive vibration reduction device for cargo fixing bases of chemical tankers. The device uses a multi-stage vibration reduction system to mitigate vertical and lateral vibrations and resonances during transportation. The cross-type spring group, damping buffer device, and air spring effectively reduce vibration and minimize damage to the cargo fixing bases during chemical tanker navigation through force transmission and restoring force.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a comprehensive vibration damping device for a cargo fixing base on a chemical tanker, including a fixed support that extends downward into the hull and is embedded in the deck. A cross-type spring assembly is installed below the bottom of the fixed support. The cross-type spring assembly includes a first spring, a slider, a first multi-turn spring, a cross rod, a pin, a first limiting plate, and a first slide rail. Two sets of damping buffer devices are installed below the cross-type spring assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the vibration damping device is made of a chemically stable and corrosion-resistant material. The cross-type spring assembly has six sets of cross rods. The cross rods are hinged by pins through holes in the middle. The six sets of cross rods are equidistant laterally and equidistant longitudinally. Each set of cross rods is provided with four first multi-turn springs. The two ends of each first multi-turn spring are embedded in the two intersecting legs of the cross rod, forming a rectangular spring assembly.

[0007] Preferably, each set of cross rods consists of two first long rods crossing each other, and each first long rod has a first slider installed at both ends. The cross-type spring group device has two rows of first sliders. The first sliders slide in the first slide rail, and first limiting plates are installed on both sides of the first slide rail. The first sliders in a single row are connected to each other by the first spring.

[0008] Preferably, the damping buffer device includes a second slide rail, a second long rod, a first strong spring, a second slider, a support column, a second limiting plate, a buffer gear, a buffer rack, a connecting rod, a fixing clamp, and a second multi-turn spring. The bottom of the support column is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device. Buffer racks are provided on both sides of the support column, and the buffer gear slides on the buffer racks. The buffer gear is installed at one end of the second long rod, and the second slider is installed at the other end. The second slider slides on the second slide rail of the damping buffer device, and the second limiting plate is installed on the second slide rail. The second slider is connected to the second limiting plates on both sides through the second multi-turn spring.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer gears are arranged longitudinally, and two buffer gears are connected by a connecting rod; the two connecting rods in each set of two longitudinally arranged damping buffer devices are connected by a fixing clamp.

[0010] Preferably, a partition plate is installed between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring assembly and the slide rail of the damping buffer device; the first slide rail is fixed above the partition plate, the second slide rail is fixed below the partition plate, and the support column of the damping buffer device is connected to the lower part of the partition plate by a first strong spring.

[0011] Preferably, an airbag spring vibration damping device is provided at the middle position below the partition plate. The airbag spring vibration damping device includes a second spring, a protective baffle, a pressure plate, a rubber pad, a third limiting plate, an airbag, an air chamber, a ventilation pipe, and protective posts. The airbag spring vibration damping device is connected to the partition plate through a second strong spring. The lower end of the second strong spring is connected to the ventilation pipe of the airbag spring vibration damping device. The ventilation pipe connects two air chambers and is connected to the airbag. Two third limiting plates are installed on both sides of the airbag. A pressure plate is installed horizontally below the airbag. Two sets of protective posts are installed above the pressure plate, with two posts in each set. Two protective baffles are installed at both ends below the pressure plate.

[0012] Preferably, two rubber pads are arranged on the pressure plate, and the rubber pads are located directly below the third limiting plates on both sides of the airbag; five sets of second springs are arranged equidistantly below the pressure plate, each set containing two symmetrically arranged second springs, the upper end of the second springs is connected to the pressure plate, and the lower end of the second springs is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device.

[0013] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned integrated vibration reduction device for cargo fixing base of chemical tanker, which reduces vertical and lateral vibration and resonance during transportation through multi-stage vibration reduction device; the cross-type spring group, damping buffer device and airbag spring effectively reduce vibration and reduce damage to cargo fixing base during chemical tanker navigation through force transmission and restoring force.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic front sectional view of an embodiment of the integrated vibration reduction device for cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a partial front sectional view of a cross-type spring assembly device according to an embodiment of the integrated vibration damping device for securing cargo bases on chemical tankers of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the damping buffer device of an embodiment of the integrated vibration reduction device for cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the airbag spring vibration damping device, an embodiment of the integrated vibration damping device for securing cargo bases on chemical tankers according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position on the fixing device of an embodiment of the integrated vibration reduction device for fixing the cargo base of a chemical tanker according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure Labels

[0021] 1. Cross-type spring assembly; 11. First spring; 12. First slider; 13. First multi-turn spring; 14. Cross rod; 15. Pin; 16. First limiting plate; 17. First slide rail; 18. First long rod; 2. Damping buffer device; 21. Second slide rail; 22. Second long rod; 23. First strong spring; 24. Second slider; 25. Support column; 26. Second limiting plate; 27. Buffer gear; 28. Buffer rack; 29. ​​Divider plate; 210. Connecting rod; 211. Fixing clamp; 212. Second multi-turn spring; 3. Airbag spring vibration damping device; 31. Second spring; 32. Pressure plate; 33. Rubber pad; 34. Third limiting plate; 35. Airbag; 36. Air chamber; 37. Ventilation pipe; 38. Protective baffle; 39. Protective pile; 310. Second strong spring; 4. Fixed support. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a comprehensive vibration damping device for a cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker, which is installed in the hull. The top of the vibration damping device is connected to the bottom of the fixing support 4. The fixing support 4 is inserted downward into the hull and embedded in the deck. Considering the special nature of chemical tanker sea transport, the vibration damping device should be made of chemically stable and corrosion-resistant materials. A cross-type spring assembly device 1 is installed below the bottom of the fixing support 4. The cross-type spring assembly device 1 includes a first spring 11, a slider, a first multi-turn spring 13, a cross rod 14, a pin 15, a first limiting plate 16, and a first slide rail 17.

[0026] The vibration damping device is made of chemically stable and corrosion-resistant materials. The cross-type spring assembly 1 has six sets of cross rods 14. Taking a 200t chemical tank as an example, one more set of cross rods 14 is added for every 40t increase in the weight of the chemical tank (each set contains two sets of cross-type spring assemblies 1). There are at least six sets of cross rods 14. The cross rods 14 have holes in the middle and are hinged by pins 15. The six sets of cross rods 14 are equidistant laterally and equidistant longitudinally. Each set of cross rods 14 is equipped with four first multi-coil springs 13. The two ends of each first multi-coil spring 13 are embedded in the two intersecting legs of the cross rod 14, forming a rectangular spring assembly. The springs need to have large deformation to alleviate the vertical and lateral vibrations during transportation. Therefore, the spring stiffness ratio coefficient of the first spring in the overall vibration damping device is set to 1, and the spring stiffness ratio coefficient of the first multi-coil spring in the overall vibration damping device is set to 2.

[0027] Each set of cross rods 14 is composed of two first long rods 18 crossing each other. Each first long rod 18 has a first slider 12 installed at both ends. The cross-type spring group device 1 has two rows of first sliders 12. The first sliders 12 slide in the first slide rail 17. First limiting plates 16 are installed on both sides of the first slide rail 17. The single row of first sliders 12 are connected in pairs by first springs 11.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a damping buffer device 2 is installed below the bottom of the fixed device base. The damping buffer device 2 includes a second slide rail 21, a second long rod 22, a first strong spring 23, a second slider 24, a support column 25, a second limiting plate 26, a buffer gear 27, a buffer rack 28, a connecting rod 210, a fixing clamp 211, and a second multi-turn spring 212. The bottom of the support column 25 is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device. Buffer racks 28 of a certain length are provided on both sides of the support column 25, and the buffer gear 27 slides on the buffer racks 28. Wheel 27 is installed at one end of the second long rod 22, and second slider 24 is installed at the other end. Second slider 24 slides on the second slide rail 21 of damping buffer device 2. Second limiting plate 26 is installed on the second slide rail 21 to prevent second slider 24 from derailing. Second slider 24 is connected to the second limiting plates 26 on both sides through second multi-turn spring 212. Second multi-turn spring 212 needs a large deformation to alleviate the lateral vibration caused during transportation. Therefore, the spring stiffness proportional coefficient of second multi-turn spring 212 in the overall vibration reduction device is set to 1.

[0030] The buffer gears 27 are arranged longitudinally, and two longitudinally parallel buffer gears 27 are connected by a connecting rod 210; the two connecting rods 210 in each set of two longitudinally arranged damping buffer devices 2 are connected by a fixing clamp 211 to fix the position of the buffer gears 27 and prevent the buffer gears 27 from disengaging from the buffer rack 28.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, when the cross-type spring assembly 1 and the damping buffer device 2 are used in combination, the cross-type spring assembly 1 is provided below the bottom of the fixed support 4. A partition plate 29 is provided between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring assembly 1 and the slide rail of the damping buffer device 2. The partition plate 29 is used to connect the two sets of devices. The first slide rail 17 is fixed above the partition plate 29, the second slide rail 21 is fixed below the partition plate 29, and the support column 25 of the damping buffer device 2 is connected to the bottom of the partition plate 29 through a large first strong spring 23. The first strong spring 23 needs to alleviate the longitudinal vibration during transportation and the resonance generated when the natural frequency is equal to the excitation frequency. Therefore, the spring stiffness ratio coefficient of the first strong spring 23 in the overall vibration reduction device is set to 6.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] Figures 1 to 4 In the middle, only the part of the fixed support 4 that is connected to the airbag spring damping device 3 is shown; Figure 5 Show the complete fixed support 4. (e.g.) Figures 4 to 5 As shown, an airbag spring vibration damping device 3 is provided at the bottom of the fixed support 4 and the middle position below the partition plate 29. The airbag spring vibration damping device 3 includes a second spring 31, a protective baffle 38, a pressure plate 32, a rubber pad 33, a third limiting plate 34, an airbag 35, an air chamber 36, a ventilation pipe 37, and a protective pile 39. The airbag spring vibration damping device 3 is connected to the partition plate 29 through a larger second strong spring 310. The second strong spring 310 needs to alleviate longitudinal vibration during transportation and resonance caused when the natural frequency is equal to the excitation frequency. Therefore, the longitudinal second strong spring 310 is set in the overall vibration damping device to increase the spring stiffness. The proportional coefficient is 8. The lower end of the second strong spring 310 is connected to the ventilation pipe 37 of the airbag spring damping device 3. The ventilation pipe 37 connects to two air chambers 36 and is connected to the airbag 35. Two third limiting plates 34 are installed on both sides of the airbag 35 to prevent the airbag 35 from being misaligned due to excessive pressure. A pressure plate 32 is installed horizontally below the airbag 35. Two sets of protective piles 39 are installed above the pressure plate 32 to fix the airbag 35 and protect the airbag 35 device from working normally. There are two protective baffles 38 installed at both ends of the lower part of the pressure plate 32 to maintain the working state of the second spring 31 and prevent the second spring 31 from being damaged.

[0034] Two rubber pads 33 are arranged on the pressure plate 32. The rubber pads 33 are located directly below the third limiting plates 34 on both sides of the airbag 35 to prevent the pressure plate 32 from being subjected to a large impact due to the downward movement of the third limiting plates 34. Five sets of second springs 31 are arranged equidistantly below the pressure plate 32. Each set contains two symmetrically arranged second springs 31. For every 40t increase in the weight of the cargo, one more set of second springs 31 is added. The number of second springs 31 in the groove shall not be less than five sets. The second springs 31 need to maintain good support for the cargo above and further buffer the more severe longitudinal vibrations. Therefore, the spring stiffness ratio coefficient of the second springs 31 in the overall vibration damping device is set to 7. The upper end of the second spring 31 is connected to the pressure plate 32, and the lower end of the second spring 31 is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, when the cross-type spring assembly 1, the damping buffer device 2 and the airbag spring vibration damping device 3 are used in combination, the cross-type spring assembly 1 is provided below the bottom of the fixed support 4. A partition plate 29 is provided between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring assembly 1 and the slide rail of the damping buffer device 2 to connect the two sets of devices. The airbag spring vibration damping device 3 is provided in the middle position below the partition plate 29.

[0036] The overall vibration damping device should be configured in a number corresponding to the number of fixed bases for the cargo.

[0037] Working principle:

[0038] When the fixed base vibrates, the force generated by the vibration is first transmitted to the cross-type spring assembly 1 through the fixed base. The deformation of the cross rod 14 generates pressure and tension on the first multi-coil spring 13 and the first spring 11. The first multi-coil spring 13 and the first spring 11 generate restoring force, transmitting a reaction force to the cross rod 14 to resist the deformation, thereby mitigating vertical vibration. For lateral vibration, the cross-type spring assembly 1 can also reduce the vibration force by generating a restoring force through the laterally arranged first spring 11.

[0039] When the first slider 12 is blocked by the first limiting plate 16, it indicates that the cross-type spring assembly 1 has reached its energy limit. The force generated at this time continues to be transmitted downwards, through the partition plate 29 to the damping buffer device 2 and the airbag spring vibration damping device 3. The damping buffer device 2 moves downwards through the lower end of the second long rod 22, driving the buffer gear 27 to roll on the buffer rack 28, and driving the second slider 24 at the upper end of the second long rod 22 to move laterally on the second slide rail 21. The second multi-turn spring 212 is stretched or compressed by the second slider 24, generating a force opposite to the direction of movement of the second slider 24, which plays a buffering role, mainly alleviating lateral vibrations during shipping. The first strong spring 23 vibrates to generate restoring force to alleviate vertical vibrations during shipping and resonances caused when the natural frequency is equal to the excitation frequency.

[0040] The airbag spring damping device 3 uses the restoring force generated by the second strong spring 310 and the gas pressure generated by the compression of the airbag 35 to alleviate vibrations and resonances in all directions. When a vibration force is transmitted from above the airbag spring damping device 3, the second strong spring 310 vibrates and deforms to generate a restoring force to offset the vibration force and transmits the force generated by the vibration downward to compress the airbag 35. The airbag 35 is compressed and deformed, and the stored gas is transmitted to the air chamber 36 through the ventilation pipe 37. At this time, the gas density inside the airbag 35 increases, and the whole has a certain pressure resistance. When the vibration frequency is too high, the third limiting plate 34 descends and touches the rubber pad 33. At this time, part of the vibration force is transmitted to the transverse pressure plate 32. The transverse pressure plate 32 moves downward, and the large number of second springs below generate a restoring force to buffer and offset the vibration force.

[0041] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned integrated vibration reduction device for cargo fixing base of chemical tanker, which reduces vertical and lateral vibration and resonance during transportation through multi-stage vibration reduction device; the cross-type spring group, damping buffer device and airbag spring effectively reduce vibration and reduce damage to cargo fixing base during chemical tanker navigation through force transmission and restoring force.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive vibration damping device for cargo fixing bases on chemical tankers, characterized in that: It includes a fixed support that extends downward into the hull and is embedded in the deck. A cross-type spring assembly is installed below the bottom of the fixed support. The cross-type spring assembly includes a first spring, a slider, a first multi-turn spring, a cross rod, a pin, a first limiting plate, and a first slide rail. Two sets of damping buffer devices are installed below the cross-type spring assembly. The vibration damping device is made of a chemically stable and corrosion-resistant material. The cross-type spring assembly has six sets of cross rods. The cross rods are hinged by pins through holes in the middle. The six sets of cross rods are equidistant laterally and equidistant longitudinally. Each set of cross rods is equipped with four first multi-turn springs. The two ends of each first multi-turn spring are embedded in the two intersecting legs of the cross rod, forming a rectangular spring assembly. Each set of cross rods consists of two first long rods crossing each other. Each first long rod has a first slider installed at both ends. The cross spring assembly has two rows of first sliders. The first sliders slide in the first slide rail. First limiting plates are installed on both sides of the first slide rail. The first sliders in a single row are connected to each other by the first spring. The damping buffer device includes a second slide rail, a second long rod, a first strong spring, a second slider, a support column, a second limiting plate, a buffer gear, a buffer rack, a connecting rod, a fixing clamp, and a second multi-turn spring. The bottom of the support column is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device. Buffer racks are provided on both sides of the support column, and the buffer gear slides on the buffer racks. The buffer gear is installed at one end of the second long rod, and the second slider is installed at the other end. The second slider slides on the second slide rail of the damping buffer device, and the second limiting plate is installed on the second slide rail. The second slider is connected to the second limiting plates on both sides through the second multi-turn spring. The buffer gears are arranged longitudinally, and two buffer gears are connected by a connecting rod; the two connecting rods in each set of two longitudinally arranged damping buffer devices are connected by a fixing clamp.

2. The integrated vibration damping device for cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition plate is installed between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring assembly and the slide rail of the damping buffer device; the first slide rail is fixed above the partition plate, the second slide rail is fixed below the partition plate, and the support column of the damping buffer device is connected to the lower part of the partition plate by a first strong spring.

3. The integrated vibration damping device for cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 2, characterized in that: An airbag spring vibration damping device is installed at the middle position below the partition plate. The airbag spring vibration damping device includes a second spring, a protective baffle, a pressure plate, a rubber pad, a third limiting plate, an airbag, an air chamber, a ventilation pipe, and protective posts. The airbag spring vibration damping device is connected to the partition plate through a second strong spring. The lower end of the second strong spring is connected to the ventilation pipe of the airbag spring vibration damping device. The ventilation pipe connects two air chambers and is connected to the airbag. Two third limiting plates are installed on both sides of the airbag. A pressure plate is installed horizontally below the airbag. Two sets of protective posts are installed above the pressure plate, with two posts in each set. Two protective baffles are installed at both ends below the pressure plate.

4. The integrated vibration damping device for cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two rubber pads are arranged on the pressure plate, and the rubber pads are located directly below the third limiting plates on both sides of the airbag; five sets of second springs are arranged equidistantly below the pressure plate, each set containing two symmetrically arranged second springs, the upper end of the second springs is connected to the pressure plate, and the lower end of the second springs is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device.

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