Transmission shaft assembly, transmission and vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and discloses a transmission shaft assembly, a transmission and a vehicle, the transmission shaft assembly comprises a transmission shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a tooth holder and a sliding sleeve, the transmission shaft is provided with an oil guide channel and a plurality of oil spraying holes, the first gear is rotationally connected to the transmission shaft, the second gear is rotationally connected to the transmission shaft, and the tooth holder is in key connection with the transmission shaft; the tooth holder is clamped between the first gear and the second gear, oil passing grooves are formed in the two axial ends of the tooth holder, the sliding sleeve is arranged on the tooth holder in a sleeving mode and is in key connection with the tooth holder, and the oil passing grooves penetrate through the periphery of the tooth holder so that lubricating oil can flow to the key connection position between the tooth holder and the sliding sleeve through the oil passing grooves. The spline groove of the sliding sleeve can be selectively meshed with the first gear or the second gear. According to the transmission shaft assembly, the transmission and the vehicle, key parts can be actively lubricated on the basis of effectively preventing the sliding sleeve from being out of gear, and the smoothness and reliability of vehicle gear shifting can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transmissions, and particularly to a drive shaft assembly, a transmission, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A transmission is one of the important components in a vehicle power system. It is a mechanism used to change the rotational speed and torque from the engine and is used to fix or shift gears to change the transmission ratio between the output shaft and the input shaft. The transmission includes a drive shaft and a synchronizer. The synchronizer is a key component for the transmission to achieve smooth gear shifting and is usually composed of components such as a gear seat, a sliding sleeve, and engaging teeth. The gears corresponding to each gear position are installed on the drive shaft through needle bearings. The sliding sleeve is axially moved by a fork and meshes with the engaging teeth of the gear at the gear position to achieve gear shifting and transmit torque.

[0003] In the prior art, the sliding sleeve is key-connected to the engaging teeth of the shifting gear to achieve gear shifting, and the main oil passage and oil injection holes are opened on the drive shaft to actively lubricate the bearings and bushings. However, this method cannot actively lubricate and precisely lubricate key components such as the gear seat, the sliding sleeve, and the engaging teeth on the basis of effectively preventing the sliding sleeve from disengaging from the gear, which affects the smoothness and reliability of vehicle gear shifting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drive shaft assembly, a transmission, and a vehicle, which can improve the smoothness and reliability of vehicle gear shifting.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A drive shaft assembly, comprising:

[0007] A drive shaft, provided with an oil guiding channel for conveying lubricating oil and a plurality of oil injection holes penetrating through the drive shaft in its radial direction. The plurality of oil injection holes are communicated with the oil guiding channel, and at least part of the oil injection holes are distributed along the axial direction of the drive shaft;

[0008] A first gear, rotatably connected to the drive shaft through a first bearing. The first bearing covers at least one of the oil injection holes so that lubricating oil can flow into the first bearing. The first gear includes first engaging teeth;

[0009] A second gear, rotatably connected to the drive shaft through a second bearing. The second bearing covers at least one of the oil injection holes so that lubricating oil can flow into the second bearing. The second gear includes second engaging teeth;

[0010] A gear seat, sleeved on the drive shaft, and the gear seat is key-connected to the drive shaft. The gear seat is clamped between the first engaging teeth and the second engaging teeth, and oil passing grooves are provided at both axial ends of the gear seat;

[0011] The sliding sleeve is sleeved on the tooth seat and is key-connected to the tooth seat. The oil passage groove penetrates through to the outer periphery of the tooth seat so that lubricating oil can flow through the oil passage groove to the key connection between the tooth seat and the sliding sleeve. Along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve, spline grooves are provided at both ends of the sliding sleeve, and the spline grooves can selectively engage with the first engaging teeth or the second engaging teeth. The inner wall and the bottom wall of the spline groove are arranged at an obtuse angle, and the inner wall of the groove can axially abut against the first engaging teeth or the second engaging teeth along the sliding sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, the inner wall of the spline groove (3212) is arranged at an obtuse angle with the bottom wall of the groove.

[0013] Optionally, the tooth surface of the first engaging teeth is provided with a first inclined surface, the tooth surface of the second engaging teeth is provided with a second inclined surface, the sliding sleeve is provided with spline teeth along its own axial direction, and along the circumferential direction of the sliding sleeve, the spline teeth are arranged between two adjacent spline grooves. Third inclined surfaces are provided at both axial ends of the spline teeth, and the inclination angles of the third inclined surfaces are the same as those of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0014] Optionally, the transmission shaft assembly further includes a shaft sleeve. The shaft sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft. The shaft sleeve is provided with an oil passage hole penetrating through in the radial direction of itself, and the oil passage hole is communicated with the oil injection hole. The shaft sleeve is embedded between the transmission shaft and the first bearing, or the shaft sleeve is embedded between the transmission shaft and the second bearing.

[0015] Optionally, the first gear is an integrally formed structural member;

[0016] And / or, the second gear is an integrally formed structural member.

[0017] Optionally, the transmission shaft assembly further includes a limiting member. The limiting member is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft, and the limiting member axially presses on the second gear along the transmission shaft.

[0018] Optionally, one of the limiting member and the transmission shaft is provided with a limiting groove, and the other is provided with a limiting portion, and the limiting portion is in clamping fit with the limiting groove.

[0019] Optionally, in the direction from the first gear to the second gear, the diameter of the transmission shaft gradually decreases.

[0020] The transmission includes a shift fork and the transmission shaft assembly. The shift fork is connected to the sliding sleeve and is used to push the sliding sleeve to move axially along it.

[0021] The vehicle includes the transmission, and the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the engine output end of the vehicle.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention:

[0023] In the drive shaft assembly, transmission and vehicle provided by the present invention, during the meshing process of the sliding sleeve with the first engaging tooth or the second engaging tooth, when the gear is subjected to an axial force, its engaging tooth will move within the spline groove, and the engaging tooth abuts against the inner wall of the spline groove. The inner wall of the groove plays an axial limiting role for the engaging tooth, which can prevent the first engaging tooth from disengaging from the spline groove due to the axial force and thus prevent gear shifting. Through the combined action of the inner wall of the spline groove and the torque, it can effectively prevent the first gear and the second gear from shifting out of gear due to the axial force, improving the shifting stability.

[0024] By filling the oil guiding channel of the drive shaft with lubricating oil, the lubricating oil is ejected through the oil injection holes and enters the first bearing and the second bearing covering the oil injection holes, which can lubricate the first bearing and the second bearing. The lubricating oil flows into the oil passing groove on the tooth seat and flows out through the oil passing groove to the external spline groove of the tooth seat. Since the sliding sleeve can mesh with the first engaging tooth and the second engaging tooth, under the movement of the sliding sleeve, the flowing lubricating oil can be brought to the meshing positions of the first engaging tooth, the second engaging tooth and the spline groove of the sliding sleeve for lubrication.

[0025] By providing spline grooves at both axial ends of the sliding sleeve and using the inner wall of the spline groove to abut against the engaging teeth of the shifting gear, it can effectively prevent the sliding sleeve from shifting out of gear. By providing oil injection holes on the drive shaft and an oil passing groove on the tooth seat, on the basis of effectively preventing the sliding sleeve from shifting out of gear, it can achieve active lubrication and precise lubrication of key components such as the first gear, the second gear, the tooth seat, the sliding sleeve, the first bearing and the second bearing, improving the smoothness and reliability of vehicle shifting. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the drive shaft assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the drive shaft assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the first gear provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the second gear provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the tooth seat provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7It is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission shaft provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting member provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of shifting to the first gear provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of shifting to the second gear provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1000, transmission shaft; 1010, transmission shaft synchronous spline; 1020, oil guiding channel; 1030, first oil injection hole; 1040, second oil injection hole; 1050, third oil injection hole; 1060, annular groove; 1070, steel ball groove; 2100, first gear; 2110, first engaging tooth; 2111, first inclined surface; 2200, first bearing; 3100, tooth seat; 3110, oil passing groove; 3200, sliding sleeve; 3210, spline tooth; 3211, third inclined surface; 3212, spline groove; 3213, groove inner wall; 4100, second gear; 4110, second engaging tooth; 4111, second inclined surface; 4200, second bearing; 4300, shaft sleeve; 4310, oil passing hole; 5100, steel ball; 5200, limiting member; 5210, limiting groove; 6100, bearing; 6200, snap ring. Detailed Embodiment

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than all structures.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operations. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meanings.

[0042] Such as Figures 1-11As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drive shaft assembly, including a drive shaft 1000, a first gear 2100, a second gear 4100, a tooth seat 3100, and a sliding sleeve 3200. The drive shaft 1000 is provided with an oil guiding channel 1020 for conveying lubricating oil and a plurality of oil injection holes penetrating through the drive shaft 1000 in the radial direction. The plurality of oil injection holes are communicated with the oil guiding channel 1020, and at least part of the oil injection holes are distributed along the axial direction of the drive shaft 1000. The first gear 2100 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 1000 through a first bearing 2200. The first bearing 2200 covers at least one oil injection hole so that lubricating oil can flow into the first bearing 2200. The first gear 2100 includes a first engaging tooth 2110. The second gear 4100 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 1000 through a second bearing 4200. The second bearing 4200 covers at least one oil injection hole so that lubricating oil can flow into the second bearing 4200. The second gear 4100 includes a second engaging tooth 4110. The tooth seat 3100 is sleeved on the drive shaft 1000 and is key-connected to the drive shaft 1000. The tooth seat 3100 is clamped between the first engaging tooth 2110 and the second engaging tooth 4110. Oil passing grooves 3110 are provided at both axial ends of the tooth seat 3100. The sliding sleeve 3200 is sleeved on the tooth seat 3100 and is key-connected to the tooth seat 3100. The oil passing grooves 3110 penetrate to the outer periphery of the tooth seat 3100 so that lubricating oil can flow to the key connection between the tooth seat 3100 and the sliding sleeve 3200 through the oil passing grooves 3110; along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 3200, spline grooves 3212 are provided at both ends of the sliding sleeve 3200. The spline grooves 3212 can selectively engage with the first engaging tooth 2110 or the second engaging tooth 4110. The inner wall 3213 of the spline groove 3212 and the bottom wall of the groove are arranged at an obtuse angle. The inner wall 3213 of the groove can axially abut against the first engaging tooth 2110 or the second engaging tooth 4110 along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 3200.

[0043] As Figure 3 , 4 , as shown in Figure 5, during the meshing process of the sliding sleeve 3200 with the first engaging tooth 2110 or the second engaging tooth 4110, when the gear is subjected to an axial force, its engaging tooth will move in the spline groove 3212, and the engaging tooth abuts against the inner wall 3213 of the spline groove 3212. The inner wall 3213 of the groove plays an axial limiting role on the engaging tooth, which can prevent the first engaging tooth 2110 from being disengaged from the spline groove 3212 due to the axial force and thus shifting out of gear. Through the combined action of the inner wall 3213 of the spline groove 3212 and the torque, it can effectively prevent the first gear 2100 and the second gear 4100 from shifting out of gear under the axial force, improving the shifting stability.

[0044] During operation, the oil guiding channel 1020 of the transmission shaft 1000 is filled with lubricating oil. The lubricating oil is ejected through the oil injection holes and enters the first bearing 2200 and the second bearing 4200 covering the oil injection holes, which can lubricate the first bearing 2200 and the second bearing 4200. The lubricating oil flows into the oil through groove 3110 on the tooth seat 3100 and flows through the oil through groove 3110 to the key connection between the tooth seat 3100 and the sliding sleeve 3200. Since the spline groove 3212 of the sliding sleeve 3200 can mesh with the first engaging tooth 2110 and the second engaging tooth 4110, under the movement of the sliding sleeve 3200, the flowing lubricating oil can be brought to the meshing positions of the first engaging tooth 2110 and the second engaging tooth 4110 with the spline groove 3212 of the sliding sleeve 3200 and lubricated.

[0045] By arranging spline grooves 3212 at both axial ends of the sliding sleeve 3200, using the inner wall 3213 of the spline groove 3212 to abut against the engaging teeth of the shift gear, arranging oil injection holes on the transmission shaft 1000, and providing an oil through groove 3110 on the tooth seat 3100, it is possible to actively and precisely lubricate key components such as the first gear 2100, the second gear 4100, the tooth seat 3100, the sliding sleeve 3200, the first bearing 2200 and the second bearing 4200 on the basis of effectively preventing the sliding sleeve 3200 from disengaging from the gear, and improve the smoothness and reliability of vehicle shifting.

[0046] Optionally, the inner wall 3213 of the spline groove 3212 is arranged at an obtuse angle with the bottom wall of the groove. By chamfering the inner wall 3212 of the spline groove 3212, during the shifting process, the engaging teeth can smoothly disengage from the inner wall 3213, improving the shifting smoothness.

[0047] Exemplarily, as Figure 6 shown, oil through grooves 3110 are opened on both axial end faces of the tooth seat 3100. The oil through grooves 3110 extend from the inner spline groove wall of the tooth seat 3100 to the outer spline groove wall. The tooth seat 3100 is clamped between the first bearing 2200 and the second bearing 4200. The excess lubricating oil from the first bearing 2200 and the second bearing 4200 will flow into the oil through grooves 3110 on the tooth seat 3100 and flow out through the oil through grooves 3110 to between the inner spline groove of the sliding sleeve 3200 and the outer spline groove of the tooth seat 3100. Under the action of the sliding sleeve 3200, it is possible to lubricate the first engaging tooth 2110 and the second engaging tooth 4110. In other embodiments, engaging portions are provided on both axial sides of the tooth seat 3100. Both engaging portions are covered with oil injection holes, and both engaging portions are provided with oil through grooves 3110 penetrating therethrough. The oil through grooves 3110 are communicated with the oil injection holes, so that the lubricating oil in the oil guiding channel 1020 can be ejected through the oil injection holes and flow out through the oil through grooves 3110 on the engaging portions. Under the action of the sliding sleeve 3200, the first engaging tooth 2110 and the second engaging tooth 4110 can be lubricated.

[0048] Optionally, multiple oil passing grooves 3110 are provided on both end faces of the tooth seat 3100 in the axial direction, which can increase the passing amount of lubricating oil and improve the lubrication effect. As Figure 3 shown, four oil passing grooves 3110 are provided on both end faces of the tooth seat 3100 in the axial direction.

[0049] As Figure 1 、 7 shown, for the convenience of description, the oil injection holes on the transmission shaft 1000 are defined as the first oil injection hole 1030, the second oil injection hole 1040, and the third oil injection hole 1050 respectively. The first bearing 2200 covers the first oil injection hole 1030 and the second oil injection hole 1040, and the second bearing 4200 covers the third oil injection hole 1050.

[0050] As Figure 7 shown, the transmission shaft 1000 is provided with a transmission shaft synchronous spline 1010, and the internal spline groove of the tooth seat 3100 meshes with the transmission shaft synchronous spline 1010, so that the transmission shaft 1000 and the tooth seat 3100 can move synchronously. The transmission shaft 1000 is provided with an annular groove 1060 arranged along its circumferential direction, and the third oil injection hole 1050 penetrates through the bottom wall of the annular groove 1060. The lubricating oil in the oil guiding channel 1020 flows into the annular groove 1060 through the third oil injection hole 1050 and fills the annular groove 1060, which can store the lubricating oil from the oil guiding channel 1020, can supplement and supply the lubricating oil, maintain stable injection, and ensure a larger and more stable lubrication coverage area.

[0051] Furthermore, the tooth surface of the first engaging tooth 2110 is provided with a first inclined surface 2111, the tooth surface of the second engaging tooth 4110 is provided with a second inclined surface 4111, the sliding sleeve 3200 is provided with spline teeth 3210 along its axial direction, along the circumferential direction of the sliding sleeve 3200, the spline teeth 3210 are arranged between two adjacent spline grooves 3212, and third inclined surfaces 3211 are provided at both axial ends of the spline teeth 3210, and the third inclined surfaces 3211 have the same inclination angle as the first inclined surface 2111 and the second inclined surface 4111.

[0052] Continuing as Figure 3 、 4 、5 shown, the first inclined surface 2111, the second inclined surface 4111, and the third inclined surface 3211 have the same inclination angle. During the synchronization process of the transmission shaft assembly, the sliding sleeve 3200 can be better guided and centered with the first gear 2100 and the second gear 4100, so that the sliding sleeve 3200 can be quickly synchronized with different gears, effectively reducing the phenomenon of gear beating during the synchronization process.

[0053] Further, the drive shaft assembly further includes a bushing 4300. The bushing 4300 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the drive shaft 1000. The bushing 4300 is provided with an oil through-hole 4310 penetrating along its radial direction. The oil through-hole 4310 communicates with the oil injection hole. The bushing 4300 is embedded between the drive shaft 1000 and the first bearing 2200.

[0054] By sleeving the bushing 4300 on the drive shaft 1000, the oil through-hole 4310 on the bushing 4300 communicates with the oil injection hole, so that the lubricating oil in the oil guiding channel 1020 is ejected to the first bearing 2200 through the oil injection hole and the oil through-hole 4310. On the basis of ensuring the lubrication of the first bearing 2200, setting the bushing 4300 can increase the diameter of the drive shaft 1000 and can adapt to different sizes of the first bearing 2200.

[0055] Similarly, as Figure 1 , 2 shown in 8, the bushing 4300 can also be embedded between the drive shaft 1000 and the second bearing 4200. The oil through-hole 4310 on the bushing 4300 is aligned with the third oil injection hole 1050. On the basis of ensuring the lubrication of the second bearing 4200, increasing the shaft section diameter of the drive shaft 1000 can adapt to different sizes of the second bearing 4200.

[0056] Further, the first gear 2100 is an integrally formed structural member, which is convenient for processing and mass production.

[0057] Similarly, the second gear 4100 can also be an integrally formed structural member.

[0058] Further, the drive shaft assembly further includes a limiting member 5200. The limiting member 5200 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the drive shaft 1000. The limiting member 5200 is axially pressed against the second gear 4100 along the drive shaft 1000.

[0059] By axially pressing each component on the drive shaft 1000 through the limiting member 5200, the assembly gap is eliminated, the axial positioning accuracy is ensured, and the gear meshing misalignment or wear caused by axial movement during gear shifting is avoided.

[0060] Further, one of the limiting member 5200 and the drive shaft 1000 is provided with a limiting groove 5210, and the other is provided with a limiting portion. The limiting portion is in snap-fit with the limiting groove 5210. The snap-fit between the limiting portion and the limiting groove 5210 can prevent the limiting member 5200 from rotating and avoid sliding friction between the limiting member 5200 and adjacent structural members.

[0061] Exemplarily, as Figure 9As shown, the limiting member 5200 is provided with a limiting groove 5210, and the transmission shaft 1000 is provided with a limiting portion. Specifically, the limiting portion is a steel ball 5100. The inner peripheral wall of the limiting member 5200 is provided with a circumferentially extending limiting groove 5210, and the transmission shaft 1000 is provided with a steel ball groove 1070. By placing the steel ball 5100 in the steel ball groove 1070, the cooperation between the limiting groove 5210 and the steel ball 5100 can prevent the limiting member 5200 from rotating circumferentially along itself. In other embodiments, the transmission shaft 1000 is provided with a limiting groove 5210, and the limiting member 5200 is provided with a limiting portion.

[0062] As Figure 1 , 2 shown, the transmission shaft assembly further includes a bearing 6100 and a snap ring 6200. The inner ring of the bearing 6100 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft 1000, the snap ring 6200 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft 1000, and the bearing 6100 is clamped between the limiting member 5200 and the bearing 6100. Different outer diameters are provided at both axial ends of the limiting member 5200. While axially limiting the second gear 4100, the second bearing 4200 and the shaft sleeve 4300, it also axially limits the bearing 6100 to prevent axial movement during operation and interference with other structural members.

[0063] Further, the snap ring 6200 is an optional snap ring. An appropriate thickness of the snap ring 6200 is selected for assembly according to the actual assembly situation to ensure the axial preloading of the entire shaft system and effectively reduce vibration transmission.

[0064] Further, the axial length of the mating hole of the first gear 2100 is L1, and the axial length between two shaft shoulders located on both axial sides of the first gear 2100 and limiting it is L2, and L1 < L2.

[0065] L1 is slightly smaller than L2, allowing a small amount of axial movement of the first gear 2100. When the first gear 2100 operates at high speed, it can reduce the sliding friction between it and the limiting shaft shoulders on both sides, thereby reducing frictional losses.

[0066] Similarly, the axial length of the mating hole of the second gear 4100 is L3, and the axial length of the shaft sleeve 4300 is L4, and L3 < L4. The second gear 4100 has a small amount of axial movement, which can reduce the sliding friction between it and the tooth seat 3100 and the limiting member 5200, thereby reducing frictional losses.

[0067] Further, in the direction from the first gear 2100 to the second gear 4100, the diameter of the transmission shaft 1000 gradually decreases, ensuring that the components on the transmission shaft 1000 can be assembled in sequence and avoiding jamming caused by sudden changes in the shaft diameter.

[0068] An embodiment of the present invention provides a transmission, including a shift fork and the above-mentioned transmission shaft assembly, wherein the shift fork is connected to the sliding sleeve 3200 and is used to push the sliding sleeve 3200 to move along its axial direction.

[0069] like Figure 10 As shown, when it is necessary to engage the first gear, the sleeve 3200 is pushed to move along its axial direction toward the first gear 2100 by shifting the shift fork, so that the spline groove 3212 of the sleeve 3200 engages with the first coupling tooth 2110, and the sleeve 3200 can move synchronously with the first gear 2100 to complete a series of power transmission, that is, to complete the power transmission of the first gear of the transmission.

[0070] like Figure 11 As shown, when it is necessary to engage the second gear, the sleeve 3200 is pushed to move along its axial direction toward the second gear 4100 by shifting the shift fork, so that the spline groove 3212 of the sleeve 3200 engages with the second coupling tooth 4110, and the sleeve 3200 can move synchronously with the second gear 4100 to complete a series of power transmission, that is, to complete the second gear power transmission of the transmission.

[0071] It should be noted that the power transmission process of the transmission is an existing technology in this field and will not be introduced in detail here.

[0072] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle including the aforementioned transmission, wherein a drive shaft 1000 is drivingly connected to the output end of the vehicle's drive source. The engine output power is transmitted to the transmission, enabling vehicle gear shifting. Active lubrication of the transmission components significantly improves shifting smoothness.

[0073] Exemplarily, the driving source is an engine. In other embodiments, the driving source may also be an electric motor.

[0074] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Transmission shaft assembly, characterized in that, Comprising: A drive shaft (1000) provided with an oil guiding channel (1020) for conveying lubricating oil and a plurality of oil injection holes penetrating through the drive shaft in the radial direction thereof. The plurality of oil injection holes communicate with the oil guiding channel (1020), and at least part of the oil injection holes are distributed along the axial direction of the drive shaft (1000); A first gear (2100) rotatably connected to the drive shaft (1000) through a first bearing (2200). The first bearing (2200) covers at least one of the oil injection holes so that lubricating oil can flow into the first bearing (2200). The first gear (2100) includes a first engaging tooth (2110); A second gear (4100) rotatably connected to the drive shaft (1000) through a second bearing (4200). The second bearing (4200) covers at least one of the oil injection holes so that lubricating oil can flow into the second bearing (4200). The second gear (4100) includes a second engaging tooth (4110); A tooth seat (3100) sleeved on the drive shaft (1000), and the tooth seat (3100) is key-connected to the drive shaft (1000). The tooth seat (3100) is clamped between the first engaging tooth (2110) and the second engaging tooth (4110). Oil passing grooves (3110) are provided at both axial ends of the tooth seat (3100); A sliding sleeve (3200) sleeved on the tooth seat (3100) and key-connected to the tooth seat (3100). The oil passing grooves (3110) penetrate to the outer periphery of the tooth seat (3100) so that lubricating oil can flow through the oil passing grooves (3110) to the key connection between the tooth seat (3100) and the sliding sleeve (3200). Along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve (3200), spline grooves (3212) are provided at both ends of the sliding sleeve (3200). The spline grooves (3212) can selectively engage with the first engaging tooth (2110) or the second engaging tooth (4110). The inner wall (3213) of the spline grooves (3212) can axially abut against the first engaging tooth (2110) or the second engaging tooth (4110) along the sliding sleeve (3200); 2. The drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The inner wall (3213) of the spline grooves (3212) is arranged at an obtuse angle with the bottom wall of the grooves.

3. The drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The tooth surface of the first engaging tooth (2110) is provided with a first inclined surface (2111), the tooth surface of the second engaging tooth (4110) is provided with a second inclined surface (4111). Along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve (3200), spline teeth (3210) are provided on the sliding sleeve (3200). Along the circumferential direction of the sliding sleeve (3200), the spline teeth (3210) are arranged between two adjacent spline grooves (3212). Third inclined surfaces (3211) are provided at both axial ends of the spline teeth (3210), and the third inclined surfaces (3211) have the same inclination angle as the first inclined surface (2111) and the second inclined surface (4111).

4. The transmission shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The lubrication structure of the transmission shaft (1000) further includes a bushing (4300). The bushing (4300) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft (1000). The bushing (4300) is provided with an oil through-hole (4310) penetrating along its radial direction. The oil through-hole (4310) is communicated with the oil injection hole. The bushing (4300) is embedded between the transmission shaft (1000) and the first bearing (2200), or the bushing (4300) is embedded between the transmission shaft (1000) and the second bearing (4200).

5. The drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The first gear (2100) is an integrally formed structural member; and / or, the second gear (4100) is an integrally formed structural member.

6. The drive shaft assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission shaft assembly further includes a limiting member (5200). The limiting member (5200) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft (1000). The limiting member (5200) axially presses on the second gear (4100) along the transmission shaft (1000).

7. The drive shaft assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, One of the limiting member (5200) and the transmission shaft (1000) is provided with a limiting groove (5210), and the other is provided with a limiting portion. The limiting portion is in snap-fit with the limiting groove (5210).

8. The drive shaft assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, In the direction from the first gear (2100) to the second gear (4100), the diameter of the transmission shaft (1000) gradually decreases.

9. Transmission, characterized in that, It includes a shift fork and the transmission shaft assembly according to any one of claims 1-9. The shift fork is connected to the sliding sleeve (3200) and is used to push the sliding sleeve (3200) to move axially along it.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the transmission according to claim 9. The transmission shaft (1000) is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving source of the vehicle.

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