Multi-modular collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-modular collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace. The multi-modular collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace comprises an electrode structure, a muffle structure and a thermal insulation layer structure which are arranged in a graphitization furnace cavity, the muffle structure comprises a plurality of muffle cavities, the plurality of muffle cavities are mounted in the graphitization furnace cavity through muffle supporting columns, a gap is reserved between every two adjacent muffle cavities, a limiting block is arranged at the bottom of at least one muffle cavity, the limiting blocks are mounted on the muffle supporting columns, and the limiting blocks are clamped between every two adjacent muffle cavities; the electrode structure comprises heating pipes and electrode blocks, the electrode blocks are installed at the tops of the heating pipes and provide heating energy for the heating pipes, the heating pipes are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the muffle cavity, the ends of the heating pipes are sequentially sleeved with graphite sheaths, insulating sheaths, heating supporting sleeves and soft felt gaskets, and first channels are formed between the graphite sheaths and the heating pipes. According to the invention, the high-temperature graphitization furnace can stably operate for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature heat treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module coordination. Background Art

[0002] Currently, high-temperature graphitization furnaces operate at 2500°C and above for a long time, facing multiple technical bottlenecks, and there are many technical defects in practical applications. In the structure of the through-type electrode system, there is a serious problem of temperature leakage. The uneven thermal displacement on both sides of the graphite heating tube leads to a decrease in the cooling effect of the water-cooling structure on both sides. On the side with excessive displacement, the temperature field may spread to the periphery. It is mainly caused by the following two heat transfer mechanisms: the high-temperature thermal radiation in the furnace directly radiates through the electrode holes to the inner surface of the electrode structure, generating a large amount of heat; the heat of the graphite heating tube conducts radially to the electrode. If the cooling effect is not good, it will cause the temperature to leak from the electrode to the outer furnace shell, damaging the peripheral heat-insulating materials that cannot withstand high temperatures, and seriously damaging the entire heat-insulating structure, causing huge losses.

[0003] In the heat-insulating structure, the soft felt has the property of high-temperature shrinkage. Due to long-term operation at ultra-high temperatures, the soft felt in the original heat-insulating structure shrinks, resulting in the sinking of the heat-insulating structure. The graphite sheath embedded in the heat-insulating layer will also sink, causing a sparking phenomenon when overlapping with the heating tube, losing a large amount of energy. In severe cases, it may cause the heat-insulating layer to heat up, and the temperature may spread to the furnace shell, showing local high temperature on the outside. Therefore, improving the stability and stiffness of the heat-insulating structure can improve the safety and economic benefits in the production process.

[0004] Compared with traditional high-carbon furnace graphitization furnaces, the muffle structure has a higher working temperature (usually ≥2500°C). Conventional mechanical traction mechanisms will undergo material softening, deformation, and even fracture at high temperatures. During the heating process of the muffle cavity, displacement occurs due to thermal expansion (the linear expansion amount can reach 2%-3%). However, the existing structure lacks a guiding and reset mechanism, resulting in the inability to automatically return to the initial position after low-temperature cooling. When the distance between two muffle cavities is too large, it may affect the temperature field uniformity (the measured deviation can reach ±20°C), leading to instability of the tow quality and affecting the quality of the produced products.

[0005] Another factor affecting the long-term continuous and stable operation of the graphitization furnace is the oxidation problem. The fiber bundle enters from the furnace mouth side, and the oxygen it brings causes long-term oxidative corrosion to the internal structure of the furnace body. The felt material becomes loose in the oxidation environment, and its thermal conductivity gradually increases; the life of the muffle cavity is shortened; the graphite electrode reacts with the residual oxygen to generate CO / CO2, resulting in a smaller electrode diameter and a larger resistance value, increasing the burden on the external transformer and energy consumption. To solve this problem, it is necessary to ensure a positive pressure inside the furnace body and extract air from the top of the inlet fiber bundle. However, the original high-carbon furnace exhaust structure is not applicable to the graphitization furnace because the exhaust gas temperature is about 1800°C - 2000°C, and the original exhaust gas pipeline cannot withstand such high temperatures. The exhaust gas pipeline must be redesigned structurally to meet the usage requirements.

[0006] The above technical problems interact with each other, jointly resulting in defects such as high energy consumption, poor thermal field stability, and short maintenance cycle in the existing graphitization furnace, severely restricting the large-scale and long-term stable operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module coordination to solve the problem of the long-term stable operation of the high-temperature graphitization furnace.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0009] A high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module coordination includes an electrode structure, a muffle structure, and a heat insulation layer structure disposed in the graphitization furnace cavity;

[0010] The muffle structure includes multiple muffle cavities. The multiple muffle cavities are installed in the graphitization furnace cavity through muffle support columns, and there is a gap between adjacent muffle cavities. At least one muffle cavity's bottom is provided with a limit block, and the limit block is installed on the muffle support column. The limit block is clamped between two adjacent muffle cavities;

[0011] The electrode structure includes a heating tube and an electrode block. The electrode block is installed at the end of the heating tube to provide heating energy for it. The thermocouple inserted into the electrode block detects heat. Heating tubes are provided both above and below the muffle cavity. Graphite sheaths, insulating sheaths, heating support sleeves, and soft felt gaskets are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the heating tube. A channel one is formed between the graphite sheath and the heating tube, and the channel one is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace body. A channel two is formed between the insulating sheath and the heating support sleeve and the heating tube. A ceramic sheath is sleeved outside the heating support sleeve and the soft felt gasket to form a channel three. A cooling plate flange is installed at the end of the heating tube. An external heating support sleeve is also clamped between the cooling plate flange and the ceramic sheath. A channel five is formed between the external heating support sleeve and the cooling plate flange. A rubber expansion sleeve is clamped between the part of the electrode block outside the heating tube and the cooling plate flange to form a channel four;

[0012] The cooling plate flange includes a gas inlet, a cooling water inlet, and a cooling water outlet. A cooling water tank is arranged in a ring on the outer wall of the cooling plate flange. The cooling water tank is respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet and outlet. The gas inlet is communicated with a gas through groove opened on the inner wall of the cooling plate flange. The gas through groove is sequentially communicated with passage five, passage four, passage three, passage two, and passage one to form a gas passage. The gas passage is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace cavity;

[0013] The thermal insulation layer structure is arranged around the muffle cavity, and both ends of the heating tube respectively pass through the thermal insulation layer structure to arrange the electrode blocks.

[0014] The muffle structure forms a self-compensating expansion guiding mechanism through the design of leaving a gap with the limiting block, ensuring the directional displacement of high-temperature expansion and the automatic reset at low temperature.

[0015] Further, the electrode block includes electrode block one and electrode block two. Electrode cavities are respectively opened in the middle of the two. The two electrode cavities are communicated. A part of electrode block two is inserted into the heating tube, and the other part is located outside the heating tube and connected with electrode block one. An electrode water cooling channel is opened on the side of the electrode block. The electrode cavity is communicated with the electrode water cooling channel. An electrode water cooling tube is inserted into electrode block one. Cold water is introduced through the electrode water cooling tube and flows out from the electrode water cooling channel after passing through the electrode cavity. Electrode block one is connected with an electrode support through an adjusting screw and fixed at a specified position; a thermocouple inserted in the electrode block detects the temperature.

[0016] The electrode structure adopts a split composite electrode structure, combining two cooling designs, significantly reducing the leakage temperature loss.

[0017] Further, at least two heating support sleeves are included and are sequentially sleeved outside the heating tube; both the heating support sleeve and the heating outer support sleeve are made of alumina.

[0018] Further, the heating tube includes heating tube one and heating tube two. Heating tube one is located inside the graphitization furnace cavity. Heating tube two and the electrode block located outside heating tube two are respectively arranged on two corresponding sides of the thermal insulation layer structure. Heating tube one connects the heating tube two arranged on two opposite sides, and heating tube two is respectively clamped at both ends of heating tube one.

[0019] Further, a graphite support member is also included, which is clamped outside the heating tube. The inner diameters of the graphite support member and the heating outer support sleeve are at least 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the heating tube.

[0020] Furthermore, the insulation layer structure includes a fiberboard layer and a supporting hard felt arranged longitudinally relative to the heating tube. The fiberboard layer constitutes the frame of the insulation layer structure, the electrode structure is erected between the insulation layer structures, and a supporting hard felt is arranged on the fiberboard layer. A stepped hard felt is also provided between the supporting hard felt and the fiberboard layer, and the remaining positions are filled with soft felt.

[0021] The fiberboard layer is a ceramic fiberboard layer.

[0022] The insulation layer structure adopts an anti-sagging interlayer constraint structure to solve the deformation problem of soft felt shrinkage / hard felt expansion.

[0023] Furthermore, at least two groups of supporting hard felts are set up at one end of a heating tube, and the ends of the two groups of supporting hard felts are not in the same horizontal plane, and are set up on the same fiberboard layer through stepped hard felts, wherein a support plate is also provided between a group of supporting hard felts far away from the fiberboard layer and the stepped hard felts.

[0024] Furthermore, the second heating tube arranged on the opposite side is supported in a preset position by two groups of supporting hard felts, wherein the portion of the second heating tube adjacent to one end of the heating tube is supported by one group of supporting hard felts, the bottom of the supporting hard felts is connected to the stepped hard felts through a support plate, one side of the stepped hard felts except for the bottom layer are all in the same horizontal plane and abut against the other group of supporting hard felts, the bottom layer of the stepped hard felts supports the group of supporting hard felts, and the other side of the stepped hard felts is arranged in a stepped manner;

[0025] The space between the stepped hard felts below the two heating tubes arranged on opposite sides is filled with soft felt.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a high-temperature exhaust structure, which includes an exhaust pipe for exhausting exhaust gas in the graphitization furnace cavity.

[0027] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe includes a horizontally placed exhaust pipe 1, and vertically placed exhaust pipes 2 and 3, and the exhaust pipe 1 is connected to the exhaust pipe 2 and the exhaust pipe 3;

[0028] The second exhaust pipe is installed at one end of the first exhaust pipe, and a water cooling pipe is installed at one end of the second exhaust pipe, and the other end is an exhaust gas inlet, which is connected to the interior of the graphitization furnace cavity. The outside of the exhaust gas inlet is fixed at a preset position by a flange with a water cooling groove;

[0029] Exhaust pipe three is installed at the other end of exhaust pipe one, and a cold water pipe is installed corresponding to the exhaust pipe one at this end. One end of the exhaust pipe three is the exhaust gas outlet, and the connection with the outside is controlled by installing an electric valve, and the other end is installed at a preset position through a flange.

[0030] The outer walls of the exhaust pipe 2 and the exhaust pipe 1 are wrapped with a water-cooling channel interlayer for circulating cold water to cool the pipes.

[0031] In the high-temperature waste discharge structure, a water-cooling structure is added to the outer wall of the pipeline, and a water-cooling pipeline is added inside to solve the problem of being unable to extract ultra-high-temperature gas.

[0032] Furthermore, both ends of the waste gas pipe 1 are wrapped with heat-insulating materials, the flange end of the waste gas pipe 3 is wrapped with heat-insulating materials, and the water-cooling pipe end of the waste gas pipe 2 is wrapped with heat-insulating materials.

[0033] Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a differential pressure sensor for detecting the waste gas inside the pipeline are installed at the shell of the waste gas pipe 1.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the multi-modular collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is applicable to graphitization furnaces with a variety of widths (mainly ≥1.2 m) and various numbers of heating zones (mainly ≥3 zones). When maintaining a working temperature above 2500 °C, the thermal efficiency can be increased by ≥20%, and the maintenance period can be extended to more than 8 months. It effectively improves the usable temperature and service life of the graphitization furnace.

[0036] The air-cooling and water-cooling designs of the electrode structure can ensure that the temperature field does not spread to the periphery and maintain the stability of the overall structure.

[0037] The design of the heat-insulating layer structure can play a buffering and supporting role, improve the stability and stiffness of the heat-insulating layer structure, and further improve the safety and economic benefits during the production process.

[0038] The design of the muffle structure can generate displacement due to thermal expansion during the heating process, there is a guiding and reset mechanism, and it automatically returns to the initial position after low-temperature cooling. The distance between the two muffle cavities remains relatively stable, which can ensure the uniformity of the temperature field, the quality of the processed tow is stable, and the quality of the produced product is good.

[0039] The high-temperature waste discharge structure can timely remove the oxygen in the graphitization furnace and maintain the long-term continuous and stable operation of the graphitization furnace. The high-temperature waste discharge structure avoids the oxidation corrosion of the internal structure of the furnace body caused by the oxygen brought in during the operation of the whole device. The heat-insulating material becomes loose in the oxidation environment, the thermal conductivity gradually increases, and the service life of the muffle cavity is shortened; the graphite electrode reacts with the residual oxygen to generate CO / CO2, resulting in a smaller electrode diameter and a larger resistance value, increasing the burden on the external transformer and increasing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of A-A of;

[0043] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of B-B of;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the ventilation path of the electrode structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 Isometric view of the cooling flange according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 Side view of the muffle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 Front view of the high-temperature waste discharge structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 is Figure 7 the partial enlarged view of C-C of;

[0049] Figure 9 is Figure 7 the partial enlarged view of D-D of.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0051] 1. Thermal insulation layer structure; 2. Electrode structure; 3. Ceramic fiber board layer; 4. Muffle structure; 51. Heating pipe 1; 52. Heating pipe 2; 6. High-temperature waste discharge structure; 7. Support rigid felt 1; 8. Step-shaped rigid felt; 9. Soft felt; 10. Support plate; 11. Graphite sheath; 12. Support rigid felt 2; 13. Cooling plate flange; 131. Gas inlet; 1311. Gas through-channel; 132. Cooling water inlet; 133. Cooling water outlet; 14. Rubber expansion sleeve; 15. Alumina ceramic sheath; 16. Boron nitride insulation sheath; 17. Soft felt gasket; 18. Alumina heating support sleeve 1; 19. Alumina heating support sleeve 2; 20. Alumina external heating support sleeve; 21. Graphite support; 22. Adjusting screw; 23. Electrode bracket; 24. Muffle cavity; 25. Limit block; 26. Muffle support column; 27. Flange with water-cooling groove; 28. Electric valve; 29. Exhaust gas pipeline; 291. Exhaust gas pipeline 1; 292. Exhaust gas pipeline 2; 293. Exhaust gas pipeline 3; 30. Water-cooling flow channel partition; 31. Thermal insulation material; 32. Flange plate; 33. Water-cooling pipe; 34. Temperature sensor; 35. Differential pressure sensor; 36. Waste discharge support frame; 37. Gas passage; 40. Thermocouple; 41. Copper electrode block 1; 411. Electrode water-cooling channel; 412. Electrode cavity; 413. Electrode water-cooling pipe; 42. Copper electrode block 2. Detailed implementation mode

[0052] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0056] As Figure 1 shown, a high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module coordination includes an electrode structure 2, a muffle structure 4, a heat insulation layer structure 1, and a high-temperature waste discharge structure 6 disposed in the graphitization furnace cavity.

[0057] The electrode structure 2 generates hot gas to heat the gas in the furnace body. The muffle cavity 24 is heated and used to heat the object placed therein. The heat insulation layer structure 1 is used to maintain the temperature of the muffle structure 4. The high-temperature waste discharge structure 6 is used to discharge the waste gas in the furnace body, thereby extending the service life.

[0058] As Figure 6 described, the muffle structure 4 includes a plurality of muffle cavities 24. The plurality of muffle cavities 24 are installed in the graphitization furnace cavity through muffle support columns 26, and there is a gap between adjacent muffle cavities 24. At least one limiting block 25 is provided at the bottom of every other muffle cavity 24. Generally, one limiting block 25 is provided for every 2 - 3 muffle cavities 24. The limiting block 25 is installed on the muffle support column 26, and the limiting block 25 is clamped between two adjacent muffle cavities 24.

[0059] Through the design of leaving a gap and the limiting block 25, the muffle structure 4 forms a self-compensating expansion guiding mechanism to ensure the directional displacement of high-temperature expansion and automatic reset at low temperature.

[0060] The muffle cavity 24 is used to place the object to be heated by the graphitization furnace.

[0061] An installation gap of about 10 mm is reserved between each section of the muffle cavity 24.

[0062] Through the cooperation of reserving an expansion gap and limiting constraint, this structural design ensures that the thermal expansion displacement of the muffle during the heating process is always controlled within a reasonable range.

[0063] As Figure 1 、 3 shown in FIGS. -5, the core design points of the electrode structure 2 are the design of gas flowing through the channels and the electrode cooling method.

[0064] The electrode structure 2 includes a heating tube and an electrode block. The electrode block is installed at the end of the heating tube to provide heating energy for it. The temperature is detected by a thermocouple 40 inserted into the electrode block. The thermocouple 40 is installed on the copper electrode block two 42 to monitor the temperature after the cooling water exchanges heat in real time, so as to judge whether the heat exchange state of the electrode is normal.

[0065] Heating tubes are provided on both the upper and lower parts of the muffle cavity 24. A graphite sheath 11, an insulating sheath, a heating support sleeve, and a soft felt gasket 17 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the heating tube. A channel one is formed between the graphite sheath 11 and the heating tube (when the heating tube consists of two, the heating tube forming the channel with the graphite sheath 11 is the heating tube one 51), and the channel one is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace body. A channel two is formed between the insulating sheath (such as the boron nitride insulating sheath 16), the heating support sleeve (the alumina heating support sleeve one 18), and the heating tube. An alumina ceramic sheath 15 is sleeved outside the heating support sleeve (the alumina heating support sleeve one 18, the alumina heating support sleeve two 19) and the soft felt gasket 17 to form a channel three. A cooling plate flange 13 is installed at the end of the heating tube. An external heating support sleeve (the alumina external heating support sleeve 20) is also clamped between the cooling plate flange 13 and the alumina ceramic sheath 15. A channel five is formed between the alumina external heating support sleeve 20 and the cooling plate flange 13. A rubber expansion sleeve 14 is clamped between the part of the electrode block outside the heating tube and the cooling plate flange 13 to form a channel four.

[0066] The cooling plate flange 13 includes a gas inlet 131, a cooling water inlet 132, and a cooling water outlet 133. A cooling water tank is annularly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling plate flange 13, and the cooling water tank is respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet and outlet. By introducing cooling water from the cooling water inlet 132 and discharging it from the cooling water outlet 133 through the cooling water tank, the heating tube is cooled. The gas inlet 1311 is communicated with a gas passage 1311 opened on the inner wall of the cooling plate flange 13. The gas passage 1311 is sequentially communicated with the channel five, the channel four, the channel three, the channel two, and the channel one to form a gas passage 37, and the gas passage 37 is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace cavity.

[0067] Nitrogen is introduced through the external cooling plate flange 13 and flows through the rubber expansion sleeve 14, the alumina ceramic sheath 15, and the boron nitride insulating sheath 16 in sequence, and finally enters the graphitization furnace cavity through the heating tube, that is, nitrogen is introduced into the graphitization furnace cavity through the gas passage 37.

[0068] The cooling plate flange 13, the alumina ceramic sheath 15, and the boron nitride insulating sheath 16 are all provided with gas flow channels. With the airtightness of the position of the rubber expansion sleeve 14, it can ensure that the gas flows into the furnace cavity according to the expected flow path.

[0069] The alumina ceramic sheath 15 adopts a segmented design, effectively avoiding the stress fracture problem of the alumina ceramic sheath 15 caused by the huge temperature difference at the interface between the electrode and the heating tube; the design of introducing nitrogen from the electrode structure 2 replaces the traditional bottom-introducing scheme. While achieving a positive pressure inside the furnace cavity, it flows through the electrode structure and cools the temperature at the electrode position, preventing the temperature field from moving outwards and damaging the ceramic fiber board layer 3 structure.

[0070] Cooling water is introduced into the cooling water tank of the cooling plate flange 13 to further absorb the overflowing heat; the soft felt gasket 17 has a heat insulation effect; the electrode structure 2 is composed of a copper electrode block one 41 and a copper electrode block two 42, and a sealing ring is provided at the splicing position of the two electrode blocks.

[0071] The electrode block includes a copper electrode block one 41 and a copper electrode block two 42. Electrode cavities 412 are opened in the middle of both. The two electrode cavities 412 are connected. A part of the copper electrode block two 42 is inserted into the heating tube, and the other part is located outside the heating tube and connected to the copper electrode block one 41. An electrode water cooling channel 411 is opened on the side of the copper electrode block one 41, and the electrode cavity 412 is connected to the electrode water cooling channel 411. An electrode water cooling tube 413 is inserted into the copper electrode block one 41. Cold water is introduced through the electrode water cooling tube 413 and flows out from the electrode water cooling channel 411 after passing through the electrode cavity 412. The copper electrode block one 41 is connected to an electrode support 23 through an adjusting screw 22 and fixed at a specified position. The electrode water cooling channel 411 is a cooling water circulation loop, which is used to absorb a large amount of heat from the furnace cavity and prevent the temperature field from spreading.

[0072] Adjusting screws 22 are installed on the electrode support 23. When the heating tube expands and causes inconsistent displacements on the left and right sides of the copper electrode structure 2, the unilateral expansion resistance can be controlled by adjusting the adjusting screws 22, prompting the displacement to shift towards the side with a smaller expansion amount, so as to ensure uniform cooling effects on both sides of the copper electrode structure 2 and consistent temperature field distributions on both sides of the thermal insulation layer structure 1.

[0073] The electrode structure 2 adopts a split composite electrode structure 2, combining two cooling designs, significantly reducing the leakage temperature loss.

[0074] There are at least two heating support sleeves, which are sequentially sleeved outside the heating tube; both the heating support sleeve and the heating outer support sleeve are made of alumina.

[0075] Furthermore, the heating tube includes a heating tube one 51 and a heating tube two 52. The heating tube one 51 is located inside the graphitization furnace cavity. Heating tube two 52 and the electrode structure 2 located outside the heating tube two 52 are provided on both corresponding sides of the thermal insulation layer. The heating tube one 51 connects the two heating tube two 52 arranged on opposite sides, and heating tube two 52 are respectively clamped at both ends of the heating tube one 51.

[0076] It also includes a graphite support member 21 which is clamped outside the heating tube. The inner diameters of the graphite support member 21 and the outer heating support sleeve are at least 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the heating tube. Both the graphite support member 21 and the alumina outer heating support sleeve 20 adopt a 2 / 5 semi-circular structure, and their inner diameters are more than 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the heating tube to ensure that the heating tube can freely expand during the heating process.

[0077] As Figure 1-2 shown, a heat insulation layer structure 1 is arranged around the muffle cavity 24, and both ends of the heating tube pass through the heat insulation layer structure 1 respectively to set electrode blocks.

[0078] The heat insulation layer structure 1 includes a fiber board layer and support rigid felts arranged longitudinally relative to the heating tube. The fiber board layer forms the framework of the heat insulation layer structure 1. The electrode structure 2 is erected between the heat insulation layer structures 1. Support rigid felts are arranged on the fiber board layer. A stepped rigid felt 8 is also arranged between the support rigid felts and the fiber board layer, and the remaining positions are filled with soft felts 9.

[0079] The fiber board layer is a ceramic fiber board layer 3.

[0080] The heat insulation layer structure 1 adopts an anti-sagging interlayer constraint structure to solve the deformation difference problem of shrinkage of the soft felt 9 / expansion of the rigid felt.

[0081] Further, at least two groups of support rigid felts are erected at one end of a heating tube. The ends of the two groups of support rigid felts are not on the same horizontal plane, and they are erected on the same fiber board layer through the stepped rigid felt 8. A support plate 10 is also arranged between the group of support rigid felts far from the fiber board layer and the stepped rigid felt 8.

[0082] Further, the heating tubes two 52 arranged on the opposite sides are all supported at preset positions by two groups of support rigid felts. A part of the heating tube two 52 adjacent to the end of the heating tube one 51 is supported by a group of support rigid felts 12. The bottom of the support rigid felt 12 is connected to the stepped rigid felt 8 through a support plate 10. One side of the stepped rigid felt 8, except for the lowermost layer, is on the same horizontal plane and abuts against another group of support rigid felts 7. The lowermost layer of the stepped rigid felt supports the group of support rigid felts 7, and the other side of the stepped rigid felt is arranged in a stepped manner;

[0083] The space between the stepped rigid felts 8 under the two heating tubes two 52 arranged on the opposite sides is filled with soft felts 9.

[0084] The thermal insulation layer structure 1 includes the following core design highlights: The ceramic fiber board layer 3 has high strength characteristics at temperatures below its service temperature, and can provide rigid support for the alumina ceramic sheath 15 of the electrode structure 2; The support rigid felt 1 and the support rigid felt 2 are arranged on the front and back sides of the graphite sheath 11 to provide rigid support for it. The support plate 10 and the stepped rigid felt 8 jointly support the support rigid felt 2. The soft felt 9 is pre-laid and filled above the support plate 10, and its thickness is determined by calculating the expansion amount of the rigid felt under high-temperature working conditions. For example, when the expansion amount of the support rigid felt 1 or the support rigid felt 2 in the length direction is 20 mm, 30 mm of soft felt 9 can be filled at the bottom. The principle is that at the position of the graphite sheath 11, the expansion amount of the rigid felt should be approximately equal to the sum of the shrinkage amount and the compression amount of the soft felt 9. Cooperating with the compression / shrinkage characteristics of the filled soft felt 9, the displacement of the graphite sheath 11 at ultra-high temperatures is effectively controlled to ensure that the up and down gap between it and the heating tube always remains at about 5-10 mm. The soft felt 9 also needs to be filled at the splicing position of the support rigid felt before and after, and a similar method is used for control to ensure that the left and right gap between the graphite sheath 11 and the heating tube always remains at about 5-10 mm; The stepped installation of the stepped rigid felt 8 prevents the temperature field from continuously spreading outwards due to the shrinkage of the soft felt 9. The soft felt 9 has a shrinkage characteristic at high temperatures. At present, the highest treatment temperature of the domestic soft felt 9 material is 2400 °C, and the heat treatment time at this temperature is not long. When the graphitization furnace works for a long time above 2400 °C, obvious high-temperature shrinkage will occur in the soft felt 9 laid flat at the bottom. If no stepped structure is designed at the splicing part of the soft felt 9, with the accumulation of operation time, the gap at the splicing part will gradually expand, and this gap expansion will extend along the joint. resulting in the continuous outward diffusion of the temperature field.

[0085] As Figure 7-9 shown, the high-temperature waste discharge structure 6 includes an exhaust gas pipeline 29 for discharging the exhaust gas in the graphitization furnace cavity. The high-temperature waste discharge structure 6 is arranged between the rear side of the furnace body inlet and the front side of the muffle cavity 24 inlet to solve the problem of oxidation damage of the furnace internal structure caused by the oxygen brought in by the carbon fiber tow during high-speed production.

[0086] Further, the exhaust gas pipeline 29 includes a horizontally placed exhaust gas pipeline 1 291, and vertically placed exhaust gas pipelines 2 292 and exhaust gas pipelines 3 293. The exhaust gas pipeline 1 291 is connected and arranged with the exhaust gas pipelines 2 292 and exhaust gas pipelines 3 293;

[0087] The exhaust gas pipeline 2 292 is installed at one end of the exhaust gas pipeline 1 291, and a water-cooled pipe 33 is installed at one end of the exhaust gas pipeline 2 292, and the other end is an exhaust gas inlet, which is connected to the inside of the graphitization furnace cavity. The outside of the exhaust gas inlet is fixed at a preset position through a flange 27 with a water-cooled groove, and high-temperature exhaust gas at about 2000 °C can be extracted;

[0088] The exhaust gas pipe three 293 is installed at the other end of the exhaust gas pipe one 291. A cold water pipe is installed on the exhaust gas pipe one 291 corresponding to this end. One end of the exhaust gas pipe three 293 is an exhaust gas outlet, and its connection with the outside is controlled by installing an electric valve 28. The other end is installed at a preset position through a flange.

[0089] In the high-temperature waste discharge structure 6, a water-cooling structure is added to the outer wall of the pipe, and a water-cooling pipe 33 is added inside to solve the problem of being unable to extract ultra-high-temperature gas.

[0090] Furthermore, both ends of the exhaust gas pipe one 291 are wrapped with heat-insulating material 31, the flange end of the exhaust gas pipe three 293 is wrapped with heat-insulating material 31, and the end of the exhaust gas pipe two 292 where the water-cooling pipe 33 is installed is wrapped with heat-insulating material 31.

[0091] Furthermore, a temperature sensor 34 and a differential pressure sensor 35 for detecting the exhaust gas inside the pipe are installed on the shell of the exhaust gas pipe one 291. They are used to monitor the state parameters of the waste discharge gas in real time, and the overall structure is stably supported by the waste discharge support frame 36.

[0092] A stepped water-cooling flow channel partition layer 30 is welded on the outer wall of the exhaust gas pipe 29. The electric valve 28 can automatically adjust the opening degree according to the wire feeding speed to precisely control the air extraction rate. The waste discharge pipe is configured with a double cooling and heat-insulating component composed of a water-cooling pipe 33 and a heat-insulating material 31 installed on a flange 32. Among them, the water-cooling pipe 33 is used to further reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the heat-insulating material 31 provides adiabatic protection for the pipe wall without a cooling flow channel. This component adopts a modular design that can be integrally extracted (a total of two groups), which is convenient for cleaning the waste materials on the inner pipe wall.

[0093] This waste discharge structure achieves the technical effects of stably extracting high-temperature exhaust gas for a long time, effectively discharging the oxygen brought in by the tow, and maintaining the stability of the furnace atmosphere.

[0094] During installation, first, the insulation layer structure 1 is opened with electrode holes, then the heating pipes (the heating pipe one 51 and the heating pipe two 52 are assembled) are installed, and finally the electrode structure 2 is installed. The ceramic fiber board layer 3 has a certain supporting effect and an effect of improving the stiffness of the insulation layer structure 1.

[0095] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and they are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module collaboration, characterized in that: It includes an electrode structure (2), a muffle structure (4), and a heat-insulating layer structure (1) inside the graphitization furnace cavity; The muffle structure (4) includes a plurality of muffle cavities (24). The plurality of muffle cavities (24) are installed inside the graphitization furnace cavity through muffle support columns (26), and there is a gap between adjacent muffle cavities (24). A limit block (25) is provided at the bottom of at least every other muffle cavity (24). The limit block (25) is installed on the muffle support column (26), and the limit block (25) is clamped between two adjacent muffle cavities (24); The electrode structure (2) includes a heating tube and an electrode block. The electrode block is installed at the end of the heating tube to provide heating energy for it. Heating tubes are provided both above and below the muffle cavity (24); The heat-insulating layer structure (1) is arranged around the muffle cavity (24), and the two ends of the heating tube respectively pass through the heat-insulating layer structure (1) to install the electrode block.

2. The multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A graphite sheath (11), an insulating sheath, a heating support sleeve, and a soft felt gasket (17) are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the heating tube. A channel one is formed between the graphite sheath (11) and the heating tube, and the channel one is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace body. A channel two is formed between the insulating sheath and the heating support sleeve and the heating tube. A ceramic sheath is sleeved outside the heating support sleeve and the soft felt gasket (17) to form a channel three. A cooling plate flange (13) is installed at the end of the heating tube. An outer heating support sleeve is also clamped between the cooling plate flange (13) and the ceramic sheath, and a channel five is formed between the outer heating support sleeve and the cooling plate flange (13). A rubber expansion sleeve (14) is clamped between the part of the electrode block outside the heating tube and the cooling plate flange (13) to form a channel four; The cooling plate flange (13) includes a gas inlet (131), a cooling water inlet (132), and a cooling water outlet (133). A cooling water tank is arranged in a ring on the outer wall of the cooling plate flange (13), and the cooling water tank is respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet and outlet. The gas inlet (131) is communicated with a gas through-channel (1311) opened on the inner wall of the cooling plate flange (13). The gas through-channel (1311) is sequentially communicated with the channel five, the channel four, the channel three, the channel two, and the channel one to form a gas passage (37), and the gas passage (37) is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace cavity.

3. The multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode block includes an electrode block one and an electrode block two. Electrode cavities (412) are respectively opened in the middle of the two. The two electrode cavities (412) are communicated. A part of the electrode block two is inserted into the heating tube, and the other part is located outside the heating tube and is connected to the electrode block one. An electrode water cooling channel (411) is opened on one side of the electrode block. The electrode cavity (412) is communicated with the electrode water cooling channel (411). An electrode water cooling tube (413) is inserted into the electrode block one. Cold water is introduced through the electrode water cooling tube (413) and flows out from the electrode water cooling channel (411) after passing through the electrode cavity (412). The electrode block one is connected to an electrode support (23) through an adjustment screw (22) and is fixed at a specified position; a thermocouple (40) inserted into the electrode block detects the temperature.

4. A high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating tubes include a first heating tube (51) and a second heating tube (52). The first heating tube (51) is located inside the graphitization furnace cavity. Second heating tubes (52) and electrode blocks located outside the second heating tubes (52) are provided on two corresponding sides of the heat insulation layer structure (1). The first heating tube (51) is connected to the second heating tubes (52) arranged on two opposite sides, and the second heating tubes (52) are respectively clamped at both ends of the first heating tube (51).

5. A high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module collaboration according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a graphite support member (21), which is clamped outside the heating tubes. The inner diameter of the graphite support member (21) and the outer heating support sleeve is at least 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the heating tubes.

6. A multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer structure (1) includes a fiber board layer and support hard felts longitudinally arranged relative to the heating tubes. The fiber board layer forms the framework of the heat insulation layer structure (1). The electrode structure (2) is erected between the heat insulation layer structures (1). Support hard felts are arranged on the fiber board layer. A stepped hard felt (8) is further provided between the support hard felts and the fiber board layer, and the remaining positions are filled with soft felts (9).

7. A multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two groups of support hard felts are erected at one end of the heating tubes. The ends of the two groups of support hard felts are not on the same horizontal plane and are erected on the same fiber board layer through the stepped hard felt (8). A support plate (10) is further provided between the group of support hard felts farther from the fiber board layer and the stepped hard felt (8).

8. A multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating tubes include a first heating tube (51) and a second heating tube (52). The first heating tube (51) is located inside the graphitization furnace cavity. Second heating tubes (52) and the electrode structure (2) located outside the second heating tubes (52) are provided on two corresponding sides of the heat insulation layer. The first heating tube (51) is connected to the second heating tubes (52) arranged on two opposite sides, and the second heating tubes (52) are respectively clamped at both ends of the first heating tube (51). The second heating tubes (52) arranged on two opposite sides are both supported at preset positions by two groups of support hard felts. Among them, a part of the second heating tube (52) near the end of the first heating tube (51) is supported by a group of support hard felts. The bottom of the support hard felt is connected to the stepped hard felt (8) through a support plate (10). One side of the stepped hard felt (8) is on the same horizontal plane except for the lowermost layer and abuts against another group of support hard felts. The lowermost layer of the stepped hard felt (8) supports this group of support hard felts, and the other side of the stepped hard felt (8) is arranged in a stepped manner; The space between the stepped hard felts (8) below the second heating tubes (52) arranged on two opposite sides is filled with soft felts (9).

9. A multi-module collaborative high-temperature graphitization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a high-temperature waste discharge structure (6), which includes an exhaust gas pipeline (29) for discharging the exhaust gas inside the graphitization furnace cavity.

10. A high-temperature graphitization furnace with multi-module cooperation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The exhaust gas pipeline (29) includes a horizontally placed first exhaust gas pipeline (291), and vertically placed second exhaust gas pipeline (292) and third exhaust gas pipeline (293). The first exhaust gas pipeline (291) is communicated with the second exhaust gas pipeline (292) and the third exhaust gas pipeline (293); The exhaust gas pipeline two (292) is installed at one end of the exhaust gas pipeline one (291), and one end of the exhaust gas pipeline two (292) is installed with a water-cooled pipe (33), and the other end is an exhaust gas inlet, which is communicated with the inside of the graphitization furnace cavity. The outside of the exhaust gas inlet is fixed at a preset position through a flange (27) with a water-cooled groove; The exhaust gas pipeline three (293) is installed at the other end of the exhaust gas pipeline one (291). A cold water pipe is installed on the exhaust gas pipeline one (291) corresponding to this end. One end of the exhaust gas pipeline three (293) is an exhaust gas outlet, and the connection with the outside is controlled by installing an electric valve (28), and the other end is installed at a preset position through a flange.

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