Underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release

Abstract

The invention discloses an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, belongs to the technical field of underwater blasting protection, and solves the problem that an existing gas curtain energy absorption device is insufficient in energy absorption effect due to the fact that turbulent vortex generated after bubble collapse is not utilized. According to the invention, the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers and the plurality of nozzles which are vertically distributed on the L-shaped base form a layered bubble regulation and control system, and the nozzles generate high-speed millimeter-level bubbles to disturb a micron-level bubble curtain wall of the spherical diffusers above; the speed difference of bubbles in a high-speed millimeter-level bubble and micron-level bubble curtain wall is utilized to cause instability of a shearing layer and generate multi-scale vortexes, local speed gradient and vortex interference are formed, the effect is that wake flow vortexes of the high-speed millimeter-level bubbles guide large-scale energy dissipation, meanwhile, the turbulence intensity in the bubble curtain wall is enhanced, and the energy consumption is reduced. And finally, kinetic energy is efficiently converted into heat energy through viscous dissipation, and the energy absorption rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater blasting protection, and particularly to an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release. Background Art

[0002] Underwater blasting shock waves are inevitable by-products in the fields of ocean engineering, military blasting, resource exploration, etc. Their energy release is characterized by instantaneity, high frequency, and high pressure (the peak pressure can reach several hundred megapascals). Such shock waves not only cause mechanical damage to underwater structures (such as submarines, subsea pipelines, and drilling platforms), but also trigger cavitation effects, pressure oscillations, and secondary wave reflections, exacerbating the damage range.

[0003] In the field of underwater blasting shock wave protection technology, traditional protection means mainly include rigid energy absorption structures and gas curtain buffering. Rigid energy absorption structures achieve energy attenuation through the plastic deformation and interlayer friction of multi-layer composite materials, such as metal honeycombs and polymer foams. They have the characteristics of high structural stability and strong designability, but there are deficiencies such as large mass and limited low-frequency energy absorption efficiency. Therefore, the research and development of energy absorption devices have become a research hotspot in recent years. The gas curtain technology weakens the shock wave relying on the cavitation effect of the bubble group and the impedance difference between the gas-liquid two-phase media. Its lightweight advantage is significant. In recent years, the uniformity of bubble distribution and the dynamic stability of the curtain have been improved through porous medium optimization and microbubble generation technology. However, it has the following deficiencies: The gas curtain energy absorption device has the advantage of lightweight, but is limited by problems such as the lag in the dynamic response of the bubble generation device and uneven local flow field distribution, resulting in insufficient curtain stability and energy dispersion efficiency. In recent years, some improved devices have tried to combine porous material optimization and microbubble generators to improve the uniformity of the gas curtain. However, existing devices are still difficult to actively control the coupling effect between the turbulent flow field and the shock wave, especially lacking the efficient utilization of the turbulent vortices after bubble collapse, resulting in a single energy dissipation path and being prone to secondary pressure peaks due to local flow field distortion under high-pressure transient shocks, and the energy absorption effect is still insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, which solves the problem of insufficient energy absorption effect of existing gas curtain energy absorption devices due to the lack of utilization of turbulent vortices after bubble collapse.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: Provided is an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, which includes an L-shaped base. A plurality of nozzles are arranged on the horizontal end surface of the L-shaped base, and a plurality of spherical bubble diffusers for forming a bubble curtain wall are evenly arranged on the vertical end surface of the L-shaped base. The plurality of nozzles and the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers are all communicated with an air supply system; wherein, the plurality of nozzles are all used for vertically ejecting bubbles upward to disturb the bubble curtain wall.

[0006] Furthermore, an air path pipeline is arranged inside the L-shaped base. A plurality of air outlets of the air path pipeline are respectively communicated with the plurality of nozzles and the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers, and an air inlet of the air path pipeline is communicated with the air supply system.

[0007] Furthermore, the air supply system is communicated with the air path pipeline through an air pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of diffusion openings are formed on each spherical bubble diffuser.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of fixing parts for fixing the spherical bubble diffusers are fixed on the L-shaped base.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of supporting parts are arranged at the bottom of the L-shaped base.

[0011] Furthermore, the plurality of nozzles are arranged in two rows along the length direction of the L-shaped base.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameters of the plurality of nozzles are all 500 μm.

[0013] Furthermore, the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers are arranged in multiple rows in the horizontal direction, and the spherical bubble diffusers in adjacent two rows are staggeredly arranged.

[0014] Furthermore, the L-shaped base is integrally formed and the material is metal.

[0015] The present invention discloses an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, and its beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The present invention forms a hierarchical bubble regulation system through a plurality of spherical bubble diffusers and a plurality of nozzles that are perpendicularly distributed on the L-shaped base. The nozzles generate high-speed millimeter-scale bubbles, disturbing the micrometer-scale bubble curtain wall of the upper spherical diffuser. The velocity difference between the high-speed millimeter-scale bubbles and the bubbles in the micrometer-scale bubble curtain wall causes shear layer instability and generates multi-scale vortices, forming a local velocity gradient and vortex interference. The function is to dominate the large-scale energy dissipation through the wake vortices of the high-speed millimeter-scale bubbles, and at the same time enhance the turbulence intensity inside the bubble curtain wall, forcing the energy to transfer from the macroscopic vortex to the micro-scale turbulence, and finally efficiently converting the kinetic energy into heat energy through viscous dissipation, accelerating the energy absorption rate.

[0016] 2. The present invention realizes three-dimensional omnidirectional and uniform bubble release through multiple spherical bubble diffusers and multiple diffusion ports thereon, eliminating the problem of uneven gas-liquid distribution in the traditional plane. The spherical symmetric structure of the spherical bubble diffuser and the internal dynamic adjustment cavity maintain the uniformity of the gas film under the impact of high-pressure bubbles, and actively induce multi-scale turbulent vortices in combination with the flow-around characteristics, enhancing the viscous shear coupling at the gas-liquid interface. The function is to reduce local over-dense or over-sparse bubbles, inhibit the secondary pulsation caused by bubble collapse, and at the same time improve the dissipation efficiency through the turbulent energy cascade. Finally, the stable attenuation of the shock wave energy and high-reliability protection are achieved.

[0017] 3. The present invention sets multiple support members at the bottom of the L-shaped base to construct a composite truss structure to disperse stress concentration, inhibit the deformation and vibration at the bending part of the L-shaped base. The function is to improve the overall bending stiffness and anti-impact performance, reduce the risk of plastic fatigue of the metal plate, and at the same time reduce the structural resonance caused by underwater flow disturbance. Finally, ensure the stable attitude of the bubble diffusion unit, maintain the uniformity of the aerosol distribution and the turbulent flow control efficiency, and ensure the long-term reliability of the energy absorption device under transient impact.

[0018] 4. The uniform bubble curtain wall of multiple spherical bubble diffusers, the multi-scale disturbance of the nozzle, and the structural strengthening of the support member of the present invention form a "macro-micro" collaborative dissipation path. Utilize the turbulent flow field induced by high-speed bubbles to enhance the energy cascade effect, and realize the optimization of bubble-flow field coupling in combination with gradient micro-holes and dynamic regulation. Finally, break through the traditional passive energy absorption mode, and significantly improve the shock wave energy absorption efficiency and environmental adaptability with the active turbulent flow control technology. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a side view of the underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device; Figure 2 It is a front view of the underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device; Figure 3 It is an explosion view of the spherical bubble diffuser and the support member; Figure 4 It is a velocity field with streamlines; Figure 5 It is the vorticity distribution of a bubble in the bubble curtain wall; Figure 6 It is the turbulent intensity of a bubble in the bubble curtain wall; Figure 7 It is the pressure field of a bubble in the bubble curtain wall; Wherein: 1. L-shaped base; 11. Horizontal end face; 12. Vertical end face; 13. Support member; 2. Nozzle; 3. Spherical bubble diffuser; 4. Gas supply system; 5. Air pipe; 6. Explosion source. Detailed Embodiment

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0021] This embodiment provides an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, which is used to solve the problem that the existing gas curtain energy absorption device has insufficient energy absorption effect due to not utilizing the turbulent vortices after bubble collapse. The following is a detailed display of it.

[0022] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, includes an L-shaped base 1, a nozzle 2, a spherical bubble diffuser 3 and a gas supply system 4.

[0023] The L-shaped base 1 is integrally formed and made of metal. A plurality of support members 13 are provided at the bottom of the L-shaped base 1. Preferably, the support members 13 can be metal rib plates.

[0024] A plurality of nozzles 2 are vertically arranged on the horizontal end face 11 of the L-shaped base 1 for forming high-speed millimeter-sized bubbles. Preferably, the plurality of nozzles 2 are arranged in two rows along the length direction of the L-shaped base 1, and the diameters of the plurality of nozzles 2 are all 500 μm.

[0025] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a plurality of spherical bubble diffusers 3 are fixed on the vertical end face 12 of the L-shaped base 1 for forming a bubble curtain wall. The plurality of spherical bubble diffusers 3 are arranged in multiple rows in the horizontal direction, and the adjacent two rows of spherical bubble diffusers 3 are staggered. Each spherical bubble diffuser 3 is provided with a plurality of diffusion ports, and each spherical bubble diffuser 3 is fixed on the L-shaped base 1 through a fixing member 13. Each fixing member 13 is provided with a groove for fixing the spherical bubble diffuser 3.

[0026] Among them, an air duct is arranged inside the L-shaped base 1. A plurality of air outlets of the air duct are respectively communicated with the plurality of nozzles 2 and the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers 3. The air inlet of the air duct is communicated with the gas supply system 4 through an air pipe 5. Preferably, the air pipe 5 is a high-pressure rubber hose, and the gas supply system 4 is used to provide high-pressure gas.

[0027] In summary, the working principle of this solution is: Refer to Figure 1, the explosion source 6 is located on one side of the L-shaped base 1. A hierarchical bubble control system is formed by a plurality of spherical bubble diffusers 3 and a plurality of nozzles 2 that are perpendicularly distributed on the L-shaped base 1. The nozzles 2 generate high-speed millimeter-sized bubbles, disturbing the micron-sized bubble curtain of the upper spherical diffuser. The velocity difference between the high-speed millimeter-sized bubbles and the bubbles in the micron-sized bubble curtain causes the shear layer to become unstable and generates multi-scale vortices, forming a local velocity gradient and vortex interference. The function is to dominate the large-scale energy dissipation through the wake vortices of the high-speed millimeter-sized bubbles, while enhancing the turbulence intensity within the bubble curtain, forcing the energy to transfer from the macroscopic vortices to the micro-scale turbulence, and finally efficiently converting the kinetic energy into heat energy through viscous dissipation, accelerating the energy absorption rate.

[0028] As a further solution of this embodiment, to better illustrate the working principle of this solution: Refer to Figures 4 to 7 A position coordinate system is established with the center of a bubble in the bubble curtain as the reference. The units of both the abscissa and the ordinate are mm. Among them, Figure 4 is the velocity field with streamlines, indicating that the high-speed micro-bubbles formed by the nozzles 2 disturb the low-speed bubble curtain, causing the velocity difference of the bubbles in the bubble curtain to make the shear layer unstable and generate multi-scale vortices (the area within the red dashed box in the figure); Figure 5 is the vorticity distribution, and the bubble surface in the bubble curtain has multi-scale vorticity; Figure 6 is the turbulence intensity. The interface area between the bubbles in the bubble curtain and the high-speed micro-bubbles formed by the nozzles 2 shows high-intensity turbulence, indicating that there are intense velocity pulsations between the bubble wakes and the shear flow here. Figure 7 is the pressure field, which intuitively reflects the core advantage of the device through the yellow-blue gradient, that is, the rapid and uniform dissipation of shock wave energy through the bubble-turbulence coupling mechanism.

[0029] Although the specific implementation manners of the invention have been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts still fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. An underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release, characterized in that It includes an L-shaped base (1). A plurality of nozzles (2) are arranged on the horizontal end face (11) of the L-shaped base (1), and a plurality of spherical bubble diffusers (3) for forming a bubble curtain wall are uniformly arranged on the vertical end face (12) of the L-shaped base (1). The plurality of nozzles (2) and the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers (3) are all communicated with an air supply system (4). Among them, the plurality of nozzles (2) are all used to eject bubbles vertically upward to disturb the bubble curtain wall.

2. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air path pipeline is arranged inside the L-shaped base (1). A plurality of air outlets of the air path pipeline are respectively communicated with the plurality of nozzles (2) and the plurality of spherical bubble diffusers (3), and an air inlet of the air path pipeline is communicated with the air supply system (4).

3. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that The air supply system (4) is communicated with the air path pipeline through an air pipe (5).

4. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each spherical bubble diffuser (3) is provided with a plurality of diffusion openings.

5. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of fixing members (13) for fixing the spherical bubble diffusers (3) are fixed on the L-shaped base (1).

6. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of support members (13) are arranged at the bottom of the L-shaped base (1).

7. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of nozzles (2) are arranged in two rows along the length direction of the L-shaped base (1).

8. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameters of the plurality of nozzles (2) are all 500 μm.

9. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of spherical bubble diffusers (3) are arranged in multiple rows in the horizontal direction, and the spherical bubble diffusers (3) in adjacent two rows are staggeredly arranged.

10. The underwater blasting shock wave energy absorption device based on bubble energy release according to claim 1, wherein The L-shaped base (1) is integrally formed and the material is metal.

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