Soil layer thickness measuring device and measuring method for land surveying and mapping

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil layer thickness measurement, in particular to a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping and a measuring method.The soil layer thickness measuring device comprises a support, a first-stage limiting rod is installed on the support, an adjusting assembly is installed on the first-stage limiting rod, and two lifting assemblies are installed on the adjusting assembly; a liquid suction assembly is fixedly mounted on one lifting assembly, and a drilling unit is rotationally arranged on the other lifting assembly; the main gear rotates, the main gear drives the two auxiliary gears to rotate at the same time, the two auxiliary gears drive the corresponding transmission rods to rotate correspondingly, the transmission rods drive the driving disc to rotate, negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons in the liquid suction box, and slurry is sucked into the liquid suction box through liquid suction filtering holes; and the slurry in the liquid suction box is extruded and discharged out of the hole through the two liquid discharge pipes, so that the normal work of the detection head is prevented from being influenced by the slurry, and the thickness measurement accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil layer thickness measurement, and specifically to a soil layer thickness measurement device and method for land surveying and mapping. Background Technique

[0002] Soil layer thickness measurement is a very crucial task in engineering geological exploration, and is widely used in the preliminary geological surveys of projects such as buildings, bridges, roads, tunnels, minerals, and water conservancy. The purpose is to determine the depth and thickness of different geological layers, providing basic data for engineering design. When conducting the measurement, a measurement device is required.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application CN118089506A discloses a soil layer thickness measurement device for engineering surveying and mapping, including a support base. A moving device and a fixing device are arranged below the support base. A position adjustment unit is installed on the support base, an angle adjustment unit is installed on the position adjustment unit, a telescopic unit is installed on the angle adjustment unit, a soil drilling unit is installed on one side of the telescopic unit, and a thickness measurement unit is installed on the other side of the telescopic unit; the position adjustment unit includes a power mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism, the power mechanism is installed on the support base, the position adjustment mechanism is installed on the power mechanism, the thickness measurement unit includes a protection mechanism and a measurement mechanism, the protection mechanism is installed on the telescopic unit, and the measurement mechanism is installed inside the protection mechanism; the present invention has two postures, improving the convenience of carrying and transportation, and at the same time improving the efficiency of soil layer thickness measurement.

[0004] This device still has some problems. Among them, a spiral drill is used to drill holes in the ground to be measured, and then the measurement box is inserted into the drilled hole and cooperates with the detection head to detect the thickness of the soil layer; but in the actual use process, in some high-humidity areas during soil layer drilling, there is moisture under the soil layer. When encountering clay layers or other cohesive soil layers, bubbles or mud will be generated, and these bubbles or mud may interfere with the normal detection of the probe, thus affecting the normal measurement of the soil layer thickness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil layer thickness measurement device and method for land surveying and mapping to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: A soil layer thickness measurement device for land surveying and mapping, including a bracket, an upper-level limiting rod is installed on the bracket, an adjustment component is installed on the upper-level limiting rod, two lifting components are installed on the adjustment component, a liquid suction component is fixedly installed on one of the lifting components, and a drilling unit is rotated on the other lifting component; The liquid suction assembly includes a measuring tube. Two sets of liquid suction filter holes are formed on the opposite sides of the measuring tube. Two liquid suction boxes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube. The two liquid suction boxes are located in the area of the liquid suction filter holes. One side of each of the two liquid suction boxes is fixedly installed with a liquid suction tube. The tops of the two liquid suction tubes are fixedly installed with a liquid suction tank. A drain pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the liquid suction tank. The other end of the drain pipe extends to the outside of the measuring tube. One-way valves are installed on both the liquid suction tube and the drain pipe. Two pistons are slidably installed on the inner wall of the liquid suction tank. One side of each of the two pistons is installed with a pull rod. One end of the pull rod is fixedly installed with a reinforcement assembly.

[0007] Further, the reinforcement assembly includes two reciprocating blocks. The two pull rods are located between the two reciprocating blocks. The two reciprocating blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the corresponding pull rods. Two sliding openings are formed on the tube wall of the measuring tube. The two reciprocating blocks are correspondingly slidably installed in the two sliding openings. One side of the reciprocating block is fixedly installed with a pressing plate. A lower partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube. A driving unit is rotatably installed on the lower partition.

[0008] Further, the driving unit includes two transmission rods. The two transmission rods are both rotatably installed on the lower partition. The bottom ends of the two transmission rods are fixedly installed with driving discs. One side of the bottom of the driving disc is fixedly installed with a pin shaft. A long strip-shaped reciprocating opening is formed on the reciprocating block. The pin shaft slidably extends into the reciprocating opening. The top ends of the two transmission rods are fixedly installed with sub-gears. A main gear is rotatably installed on the inner top wall of the measuring tube through a rotating shaft. The main gear meshes with the two sub-gears.

[0009] Further, a detection head is fixedly installed on the upper side of the lower partition. Two measuring openings are formed on the surface of the measuring tube. Glass plates are fixedly installed in the two measuring openings. A cleaning assembly is fixedly installed on the surface of the measuring tube.

[0010] Further, the cleaning assembly includes two cleaning nozzles. The two cleaning nozzles are both fixedly installed on the outer wall of the measuring tube. The cleaning nozzles are located on the upper side of the glass plate. An air supply assembly is fixedly installed on the side surface of the liquid suction tank.

[0011] Further, the air supply assembly includes two exhaust pipes. The two exhaust pipes are correspondingly fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction tank and are communicated with the corresponding sides of the liquid suction tank. One-way valves are installed on both the two exhaust pipes. The other ends of the two exhaust pipes pass through the tube wall of the measuring tube and are fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning nozzle. One-way suction nozzles are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction tank. An upper partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube. The two transmission rods are rotatably installed on the upper partition. The two exhaust pipes pass through the upper partition. The upper partition and the lower partition are both provided with air permeable holes.

[0012] Further, the adjusting assembly includes two first-level platforms, both of which are slidably mounted on the surface of the first-level limiting rod. A adjusting threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bracket, and both of the first-level platforms are screwed onto the adjusting threaded rod. An adjusting motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the bracket, and the output end of the adjusting motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting threaded rod.

[0013] Further, the lifting assembly includes two second-level limiting rods, which are correspondingly fixedly mounted on the lower sides of the two first-level platforms. A second-level platform is slidably mounted on the surface of the second-level limiting rod. The measuring tube is fixed to the lower side of one of the second-level platforms. The first-level platform is rotatably mounted with a lifting screw through a bearing, and the second-level platform is screwed onto the lifting screw. A lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the first-level platform, and the output end of the lifting motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting screw. A driving motor is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the second-level platform, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the upper side of the main gear. A scale rod is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the first-level platform, and a pointer is fixedly mounted on one side of the corresponding second-level platform, and the pointer is attached to the surface of the scale rod.

[0014] Further, the drilling unit includes a drilling bit, which is rotatably mounted on the lower side of the other second-level platform through a bearing. A drilling motor is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the second-level platform, and the output end of the drilling motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top end of the drilling bit.

[0015] A method for measuring the soil layer thickness as described above includes the following steps: S1. First, start the adjusting motor to drive the adjusting assembly to move. The adjusting assembly drives the drilling bit to move. Move the drilling bit to the area where drilling and thickness measurement are required and stop moving. Start the corresponding lifting motor to drive the lifting assembly to move, and drive the drilling bit to rotate through the drilling motor to drill the soil layer for thickness measurement to form a drilling hole for detecting the thickness. S2. Start the adjusting assembly again, move the measuring tube and align it with the position just after drilling. Start the corresponding lifting motor to drive the lifting assembly to move. Insert the measuring tube into the hole through the guiding head, and start the driving motor. The output end of the driving motor drives the driving unit, and through the driving unit, drive the liquid suction assembly to operate. Suck the mud in the hole through the liquid suction filter holes and discharge it outside the measuring tube through the drain pipe, so as to remove the mud in the hole and prevent it from interfering with the detection of the detection head. When discharging the mud, squeeze and reinforce the inner wall of the drilling hole through the reinforcement assembly to prevent it from collapsing and causing the situation of unable to detect. S3. Observe the soil layer through the detection head and record the thickness of different soil layers in cooperation with the scale rod and the pointer, so as to complete the measurement of the soil layer thickness.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The main gear drives two sub-gears to rotate simultaneously. The two sub-gears drive the corresponding transmission rods to rotate respectively. The transmission rods drive the driving disc to rotate. The driving disc drives the pin shaft to move. The driving disc drives the reciprocating block to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the reciprocating port. The two reciprocating blocks drive the two pull rods to move respectively. The two pull rods drive the corresponding pistons to move respectively. When the two pistons move away from each other, a negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons in the liquid suction box, and the mud is sucked into the liquid suction box through the liquid suction filter holes. The liquid suction box transports the mud to the liquid suction box through the liquid suction pipe. When the two pistons approach each other, the mud in the liquid suction box is squeezed and discharged to the outside of the hole through two drain pipes, preventing the mud from affecting the normal operation of the detection head and improving the accuracy of thickness measurement.

[0017] 2. When the two pistons approach each other, air is inhaled through the one-way suction nozzle into the area between the inner walls of the squeezing liquid suction box on both sides and the pistons. When the two pistons move away from each other, the area between the inner walls of the squeezing liquid suction box on both sides and the pistons is squeezed. At this time, the air on the inner wall of the liquid suction box is squeezed and transported to the one-way suction nozzle through the exhaust pipe, and then the pressure gas is ejected through the one-way suction nozzle to blow and clean the mud attached to the surface of the glass plate, preventing it from being contaminated on its surface and affecting the observation.

[0018] 3. The reciprocating block drives the pressing plate to move towards the outside of the measuring pipe to compact the inner wall of the hole, preventing the inner wall of the hole from collapsing and causing the bottom of the hole to be buried and affecting the thickness test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring pipe and its related structures of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged structural schematic diagram of area A in Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the liquid suction assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 is Figure 7 the enlarged structural schematic diagram of area B in Figure 9 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the liquid suction box of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving unit in the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, bracket; 2, first-level limit rod; 3, first-level platform; 4, second-level platform; 5, drilling bit; 6, measuring tube; 7, adjusting motor; 8, adjusting threaded rod; 9, lifting motor; 10, drilling motor; 11, second-level limit rod; 12, driving motor; 13, glass plate; 14, scale rod; 15, lifting screw; 16, pointer; 17, detection head; 18, extrusion plate; 19, guiding head; 20, secondary gear; 21, main gear; 22, drain pipe; 23, transmission rod; 24, upper partition plate; 25, cleaning air nozzle; 26, lower partition plate; 27, air vent hole; 28, liquid suction filter hole; 29, driving disc; 30, pin shaft; 31, reciprocating port; 32, reciprocating block; 33, liquid suction box; 34, exhaust pipe; 35, one-way suction nozzle; 36, liquid suction pipe; 37, liquid suction box; 38, piston; 39, pull rod. Specific embodiments

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the detailed description given here in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is for better explanation. The structure of the present invention necessarily goes beyond these limited embodiments, and for some equivalent replacement schemes or common means, no detailed description will be given herein, but they still fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] Figures 1 - 10 is the best embodiment of the present invention. The following will Figures 1 - 10 further describe the present invention in conjunction with the attached

[0023] As Figures 1 - 10 shown, a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping includes a bracket 1. A first-level limit rod 2 is installed at the top of the bracket 1. An adjusting assembly is installed on the first-level limit rod 2. Two lifting assemblies are installed on the adjusting assembly. A liquid suction assembly is fixedly installed on one of the lifting assemblies, and a drilling unit rotates on the other lifting assembly; The liquid suction assembly includes a measuring tube 6. Two sets of liquid suction filter holes 28 are formed on opposite sides of the measuring tube 6. Two liquid suction boxes 37 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube 6. The liquid suction boxes 37 are open towards the corresponding liquid suction filter holes 28 and can be hermetically connected to the inner wall of the measuring tube 6, covering the corresponding liquid suction filter holes 28 at the same time. Liquid suction tubes 36 are fixedly installed on one side of each of the two liquid suction boxes 37. The liquid suction tubes 36 communicate with the corresponding liquid suction boxes 37. Liquid suction boxes 33 are fixedly installed at the tops of the two liquid suction tubes 36. The tops of the liquid suction tubes 36 communicate with the liquid suction boxes 33. A drain pipe 22 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the liquid suction box 33. The other end of the drain pipe 22 extends to the outside of the measuring tube 6. Check valves are installed on both the liquid suction tubes 36 and the drain pipe 22. Two pistons 38 are slidably installed on the inner wall of the liquid suction box 33. The two pistons 38 are arranged side by side. A pull rod 39 is installed on each of the mutually remote sides of the two pistons 38. A reinforcing assembly is fixedly installed at one end of the pull rod 39.

[0024] With the above structure, the bracket 1 is a rectangular frame, on which X-shaped reinforcing ribs are installed to enhance the strength of the bracket 1. The adjusting assembly and the lifting assembly installed on the first-level limiting rod 2 on the bracket 1 respectively install a liquid suction assembly and a drilling unit. The liquid suction assembly can be adjusted through the adjusting assembly. The bottom end of the measuring tube 6 on the liquid suction assembly is equipped with a guiding head 19 in a conical shape, which is convenient for guiding the measuring tube 6. Two sets of liquid suction filter holes 28 are arranged at the bottom of the measuring tube 6, which can filter large-particle sand and gravel in the mud. The corresponding two liquid suction boxes 37 are attached to the liquid suction filter holes 28 and are connected to the same liquid suction box 33 through the connected liquid suction tubes 36. The upper side of the liquid suction box 33 discharges the mud through two equal-flow drain pipes 22. The check valve on the liquid suction tube 36 is from the liquid suction box 37 to the inside of the liquid suction box 33, and the check valve on the drain pipe 22 is from the liquid suction box 33 to the outside of the measuring tube 6. Two pistons 38 are installed in the liquid suction box 33. Sealing rubber strips can be installed on the adjacent sides of the pistons 38. While improving the sealing performance, the two pistons 38 are attached to prevent residual mud in the liquid suction box 33. A pull rod 39 is installed on the other side of each of the two pistons 38, which is convenient for driving the two pistons 38. When the two pistons 38 move away from each other, a negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons 38 in the liquid suction box 33, and the mud is sucked into the liquid suction box 37 through the liquid suction filter holes 28 and is transported to the liquid suction box 33 through the liquid suction tubes 36. When the two pistons 38 approach each other, the mud in the liquid suction box 33 is squeezed and discharged to the outside of the hole through the two drain pipes 22.

[0025] Further, the reinforcement assembly includes two reciprocating blocks 32. Two pull rods 39 are located between the two reciprocating blocks 32. Each reciprocating block 32 is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding pull rod 39. Two sliding openings are formed in the pipe wall of the measuring pipe 6, and the two reciprocating blocks 32 are correspondingly slidably installed in the two sliding openings. An extrusion plate 18 is fixedly installed on one side of the reciprocating block 32. A lower partition plate 26 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring pipe 6, and a driving unit is rotatably installed on the lower partition plate 26. In this embodiment, the liquid suction tank 33 is located below the lower partition plate 26.

[0026] With the above structure, the two reciprocating blocks 32 are in a horizontally placed L shape. One side of each is fixedly connected to one end of the pull rod 39, and the other side is equipped with an arc-shaped extrusion plate 18, which can extrude and reinforce the inner wall of the hole during sampling. The lower partition plate 26 is located above the two reciprocating blocks 32. By moving the two reciprocating blocks 32 away from or close to each other, the two pistons 38 and the two extrusion plates 18 are driven to move simultaneously, so as to reinforce the inner wall of the hole and discharge the mud in the hole.

[0027] Further, the driving unit includes two transmission rods 23. The two transmission rods 23 are both rotatably installed on the lower partition plate 26. The bottom ends of the two transmission rods 23 are both fixedly installed with driving discs 29. One side of the bottom of the driving disc 29 is fixedly installed with a pin shaft 30. A long strip-shaped reciprocating opening 31 is formed in the reciprocating block 32, and the pin shaft 30 slidably extends into the reciprocating opening 31. The top ends of the two transmission rods 23 are both fixedly installed with sub-gears 20. The top of the measuring pipe 6 is rotatably installed with a main gear 21 through a rotating shaft, and the main gear 21 meshes with the two sub-gears 20.

[0028] With the above structure, the two transmission rods 23 are symmetrically installed on the lower partition plate 26. A columnar pin shaft 30 is installed in the outer ring area of the driving disc 29 installed at the bottom end. By rotating the main gear 21, the two sub-gears 20 are driven to rotate. The two sub-gears 20 respectively drive the corresponding transmission rods 23 to rotate. The transmission rods 23 drive the driving discs 29 to rotate. The driving discs 29 drive the pin shafts 30 to move. The driving discs 29 drive the reciprocating blocks 32 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the reciprocating openings 31 to provide power.

[0029] Further, a detection head 17 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the lower partition plate 26. Two measurement openings are formed on the surface of the measuring pipe 6, and glass plates 13 are fixedly installed in the two measurement openings. A cleaning assembly is fixedly installed on the surface of the measuring pipe 6.

[0030] With the above structure, two groups of cameras and lighting lamps are installed on the detection head 17. The lighting lamps and cameras can be turned on in the hole to survey and identify different soil layers. The two detection areas of the detection head 17 coincide with the measurement openings, and the measurement openings are sealed and isolated by the glass plates 13.

[0031] Further, the cleaning assembly includes two cleaning nozzles 25, both of which are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the measuring tube 6. The cleaning nozzles 25 are located above the glass plate 13, and a gas supply assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the liquid suction box 33.

[0032] With the above structure, the bottom of the cleaning nozzle 25 is an arc with a smaller bottom opening and fits on the surface of the measuring tube 6. When gas is supplied into the cleaning nozzle 25, the gas sprays out through the bottom to form a high-pressure air duct, blowing and cleaning the mud contaminated on the surface of the glass plate 13, ensuring the cleanliness of the surface of the glass plate 13.

[0033] Further, the gas supply assembly includes two exhaust pipes 34, which are correspondingly fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box 33 and communicate with the corresponding sides of the liquid suction box 33. One-way valves are fixedly installed on both exhaust pipes 34. The other ends of the two exhaust pipes 34 pass through the measuring tube 6 and communicate with the cleaning nozzles 25. One-way suction nozzles 35 are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box 33. An upper partition 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube 6. Two transmission rods 23 are rotatably installed on the upper partition 24. The two exhaust pipes 34 pass through the upper partition 24, and both the upper partition 24 and the lower partition 26 are provided with ventilation holes 27.

[0034] With the above structure, the position where the two exhaust pipes 34 communicate is in the area between the inner walls of both sides of the liquid suction box 33 and the piston 38. The direction of the one-way valves installed on the exhaust pipes 34 is from the liquid suction box 33 to the cleaning nozzles 25. One one-way suction nozzle 35 is installed on each side of the liquid suction box 33 where it communicates with the two exhaust pipes 34. The direction of the one-way suction nozzle 35 is from the outside to the inside of the liquid suction box 33. An upper partition 24 and a lower partition 26 are installed in the measuring tube 6 to protect the detection head 17, and the connection stability of the transmission rods 23 and the exhaust pipes 34 can also be improved. Both the upper partition 24 and the lower partition 26 are provided with ventilation holes 27, and an inhalation hole is provided at the top of the measuring tube 6 to facilitate maintaining the air pressure balance inside the measuring tube 6.

[0035] Further, the adjustment assembly includes two first-level platforms 3, both of which are slidably installed on the first-level limit rods 2. An adjustment screw rod 8 is rotatably installed on the bracket 1. Both first-level platforms 3 are screwed onto the adjustment screw rod 8. An adjustment motor 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket 1, and the output end of the adjustment motor 7 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment screw rod 8.

[0036] With the above structure, the two first-level platforms 3 are of the same size and are controlled and adjusted by the adjustment screw rod 8. The adjustment motor 7 installed on one side of the bracket 1 is a servo motor, which is convenient for simultaneously adjusting the positions of the two first-level platforms 3 through the adjustment screw rod 8.

[0037] Further, the lifting assembly includes two secondary limit rods 11 which are fixedly installed on the lower sides of two primary platforms 3 correspondingly. Secondary platforms 4 are slidably installed on the secondary limit rods 11. The measuring tube 6 is fixedly installed on the lower side of one of the secondary platforms 4. A lifting screw rod 15 is rotatably installed on the primary platform 3 through a bearing. The secondary platform 4 is screwed onto the lifting screw rod 15. A lifting motor 9 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the primary platform 3. The output end of the lifting motor 9 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting screw rod 15. A driving motor 12 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the secondary platform 4. The output end of the driving motor 12 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the main gear 21. A scale rod 14 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the primary platform 3. A pointer 16 is fixedly installed on one side of the corresponding secondary platform 4. The pointer 16 is attached to the surface of the scale rod 14.

[0038] With the above structure, the secondary limit rods 11 are of the same size and are respectively installed on the lower sides of the two primary platforms 3. Two secondary platforms 4 of the same size are slidably installed on the two secondary limit rods 11, and lifting screw rods 15 of the same size are installed thereon. Limit rings are installed at the bottom ends of the two lifting screw rods 15 to prevent the secondary platforms 4 from detaching from the surfaces of the lifting screw rods 15. The lifting motor 9 installed on the upper side of the secondary platform 4 can drive the lifting screw rod 15 to rotate, thereby adjusting the height of the secondary platform 4. An avoidance opening is provided on the upper side of the primary platform 3 to avoid the lifting motor 9. A driving motor 12 is installed on one of the secondary platforms 4 to provide power for the main gear 21, and a pointer 16 is also installed on one side of the secondary platform 4 connected thereto. A scale rod 14 is installed on the lower side of the associated primary platform 3. When the secondary platform 4 drives the measuring tube 6 to descend, the pointer 16 will also descend simultaneously, and cooperate with the scale rod 14 to record the descending depth, thereby detecting the thickness of different soil layers.

[0039] Further, the drilling unit includes a drilling bit 5 which is rotatably installed on the lower side of the other secondary platform 4 through a bearing. A drilling motor 10 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the secondary platform 4. The output end of the drilling motor 10 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top end of the drilling bit 5.

[0040] With the above structure, the drilling bit 5 is composed of a drill bit and a drill body, which is a prior art. Its height is the same as that of the measuring tube 6. The drilling motor 10 drives the drilling bit 5 to rotate to drill holes in the soil to form measuring holes.

[0041] Working principle: When in use, first move the device to the area where measurement is required, start the adjustment motor 7, the adjustment motor 7 drives the adjustment screw rod 8 to rotate, and the adjustment screw rod 8 drives, under the action of the first-level limit rod 2, two first-level platforms 3 to move simultaneously. One of the first-level platforms 3 drives the corresponding second-level limit rod 11 to move, the second-level limit rod 11 drives the corresponding second-level platform 4 to move, and the second-level platform 4 drives the drilling bit 5 to move. Move the drilling bit 5 to the area where drilling is required and stop moving. Then start the corresponding lifting motor 9 and drilling motor 10. The lifting motor 9 drives the lifting screw rod 15 to rotate and drives the corresponding second-level platform 4 to move downward under the action of the second-level limit rod 11. At the same time, drive the drilling bit 5 to rotate through the drilling motor 10 to drill the soil layer for thickness measurement to form a hole for detecting the thickness.

[0042] Start the adjustment motor 7 again, so that the other second-level platform 4 drives the measuring tube 6 to move, move the measuring tube 6 and align it to the position just after drilling and stop moving. Start the corresponding lifting motor 9 to drive the corresponding second-level platform 4 to move downward. The second-level platform 4 drives the measuring tube 6 to move downward into the hole. At the same time, start the driving motor 12. The output end of the driving motor 12 drives the main gear 21 to rotate. The main gear 21 drives two sub-gears 20 to rotate simultaneously. The two sub-gears 20 drive the corresponding transmission rods 23 to rotate respectively. The transmission rods 23 drive the driving disk 29 to rotate. The driving disk 29 drives the pin shaft 30 to move. The driving disk 29 drives the reciprocating block 32 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the reciprocating port 31. The reciprocating block 32 drives the pressing plate 18 to move outward from the measuring tube 6 to compact the inner wall of the hole to prevent the inner wall of the hole from collapsing, resulting in the bottom of the hole being buried and affecting the thickness test. When the two reciprocating blocks 32 move, they drive two pull rods 39 to move respectively. The two pull rods 39 drive the corresponding pistons 38 to move respectively. When the two pistons 38 move away from each other, a negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons 38 in the liquid suction box 33, and the mud is sucked into the liquid suction box 37 through the liquid suction filter holes 28. The liquid suction box 37 transports the mud to the liquid suction box 33 through the liquid suction pipe 36. When the two pistons 38 move closer to each other, the mud in the liquid suction box 33 is squeezed and discharged to the outside of the hole through two drain pipes 22 to prevent the mud from affecting the normal operation of the detection head 17.

[0043] When sucking the liquid in the hole, when the two pistons 38 move closer to each other, gas is inhaled through the one-way suction nozzle 35 into the area between the two sides of the inner wall of the squeezing liquid suction box 33 and the pistons 38. When the two pistons 38 move away from each other, the area between the two sides of the inner wall of the squeezing liquid suction box 33 and the pistons 38 is squeezed. At this time, the air on the inner wall of the liquid suction box 33 is squeezed and transported to the one-way suction nozzle 35 through the exhaust pipe 34, and then pressure gas is ejected through the one-way suction nozzle 35 to blow and clean the mud attached to the surface of the glass plate 13 to prevent it from being contaminated on its surface and affecting the observation.

[0044] After reinforcing the inner wall of the hole and discharging the mud, the soil layer is observed by the detection head 17, and the thickness of different soil layers is recorded in cooperation with the scale rod 14 and the pointer 16, so as to complete the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer.

[0045] The present invention also provides a method for using a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping, including the following steps: S1. First, start the adjustment motor 7 to drive the adjustment component to move. The adjustment component drives the drilling bit 5 to move. Move the drilling bit 5 to the area where hole drilling and thickness measurement are required and stop moving. Start the corresponding lifting motor 9 to drive the lifting component to move, and drive the drilling bit 5 to rotate through the drilling motor 10 to drill the soil layer for thickness measurement, so as to form a drilling hole for detecting the thickness. S2. Start the adjustment component again, move the measuring tube 6 and align it with the position just after drilling. Start the corresponding lifting motor 9 to drive the lifting component to move, insert the measuring tube 6 into the hole through the guiding head 19, and start the driving motor 12. The output end of the driving motor 12 drives the driving unit, and the driving unit drives the liquid suction component to operate. The mud in the hole is sucked through the liquid suction filter hole 28 and discharged outside the measuring tube 6 through the drain pipe 22, so as to discharge the mud in the hole and prevent it from interfering with the detection of the detection head 17. When discharging the mud, the inner wall of the drilling hole is extruded and reinforced by the reinforcement component to prevent it from collapsing and causing the situation of unable to detect. S3. Observe the soil layer by the detection head 17 and record the thickness of different soil layers in cooperation with the scale rod 14 and the pointer 16, so as to complete the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution content of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the thickness of soil layers for land surveying and mapping, comprising a bracket (1), characterized in that: A first-level limiting rod (2) is installed on the bracket (1), an adjusting component is installed on the first-level limiting rod (2), two lifting components are installed on the adjusting component, a liquid suction component is fixedly installed on one of the lifting components, and a drilling unit is rotatably installed on the other lifting component; The liquid suction component includes a measuring tube (6). Two groups of liquid suction filter holes (28) are formed in opposite sides of the measuring tube (6). Two liquid suction boxes (37) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube (6). The two liquid suction boxes (37) are located in the area of the liquid suction filter holes (28). A liquid suction tube (36) is fixedly installed on one side of each of the two liquid suction boxes (37). The tops of the two liquid suction tubes (36) are fixedly installed with liquid suction tanks (33). A liquid discharge tube (22) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the liquid suction tank (33). The other end of the liquid discharge tube (22) extends to the outside of the measuring tube (6). Check valves are installed on both the liquid suction tube (36) and the liquid discharge tube (22). Two pistons (38) are slidably installed on the inner wall of the liquid suction tank (33). A pull rod (39) is installed on one side of each of the two pistons (38). A reinforcing component is fixedly installed at one end of the pull rod (39).

2. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing component includes two reciprocating blocks (32). The two pull rods (39) are located between the two reciprocating blocks (32). The two reciprocating blocks (32) are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the corresponding pull rods (39). Two sliding openings are formed in the tube wall of the measuring tube (6). The two reciprocating blocks (32) are correspondingly slidably installed in the two sliding openings. An extrusion plate (18) is fixedly installed on one side of the reciprocating block (32). A lower partition plate (26) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube (6). A driving unit is rotatably installed on the lower partition plate (26).

3. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit includes two transmission rods (23). The two transmission rods (23) are both rotatably installed on the lower partition plate (26). Driving disks (29) are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two transmission rods (23). A pin shaft (30) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the driving disk (29). A long strip-shaped reciprocating opening (31) is formed in the reciprocating block (32). The pin shaft (30) slidably extends into the reciprocating opening (31). Sub-gear wheels (20) are fixedly installed at the top ends of the two transmission rods (23). A main gear wheel (21) is rotatably installed on the inner top wall of the measuring tube (6) through a rotating shaft. The main gear wheel (21) meshes with the two sub-gear wheels (20).

4. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 3, characterized in that: A detection head (17) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the lower partition plate (26). Two measuring openings are formed in the surface of the measuring tube (6). Glass plates (13) are fixedly installed in the two measuring openings. A cleaning component is fixedly installed on the surface of the measuring tube (6).

5. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning component includes two cleaning air nozzles (25). The two cleaning air nozzles (25) are both fixedly installed on the outer wall of the measuring tube (6). The cleaning air nozzles (25) are located above the glass plates (13). An air supply component is fixedly installed on the side surface of the liquid suction tank (33).

6. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes two exhaust pipes (34), the two exhaust pipes (34) are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction tank (33) correspondingly and communicate with the corresponding sides of the liquid suction tank (33), one-way valves are fixedly installed on both of the two exhaust pipes (34), the other ends of the two exhaust pipes (34) pass through the pipe wall of the measuring pipe (6) and are fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning air nozzle (25), one-way suction nozzles (35) are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction tank (33), an upper partition plate (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring pipe (6), the two transmission rods (23) are rotatably installed on the upper partition plate (24), the two exhaust pipes (34) pass through the upper partition plate (24), and the upper partition plate (24) and the lower partition plate (26) are both provided with ventilation holes (27).

7. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes two first-level platforms (3), the two first-level platforms (3) are both slidably installed on the surface of the first-level limiting rod (2), an adjustment threaded rod (8) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the bracket (1), the two first-level platforms (3) are both screwed and installed on the adjustment threaded rod (8), an adjustment motor (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket (1), and the output end of the adjustment motor (7) is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment threaded rod (8).

8. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting assembly includes two second-level limiting rods (11), the two second-level limiting rods (11) are fixedly installed on the lower sides of the two first-level platforms (3) correspondingly, a second-level platform (4) is slidably installed on the surface of the second-level limiting rod (11), the measuring pipe (6) is fixed on the lower side of one of the second-level platforms (4), the first-level platform (3) is rotatably installed with a lifting screw rod (15) through a bearing, the second-level platform (4) is screwed and installed on the lifting screw rod (15), a lifting motor (9) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the first-level platform (3), the output end of the lifting motor (9) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting screw rod (15), a driving motor (12) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second-level platform (4), the output end of the driving motor (12) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the main gear (21), a scale rod (14) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the first-level platform (3), and a pointer (16) is fixedly installed on one side of the corresponding second-level platform (4), and the pointer (16) is attached to the surface of the scale rod (14).

9. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drilling unit includes a drilling bit (5), the drilling bit (5) is rotatably installed on the lower side of the other second-level platform (4) through a bearing, a drilling motor (10) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second-level platform (4), and the output end of the drilling motor (10) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top end of the drilling bit (5).

10. A measuring method for a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. First, start the adjustment motor (7) to drive the adjustment assembly to move, the adjustment assembly drives the drilling bit (5) to move, move the drilling bit (5) to the area where drilling and thickness measurement are required and stop moving, start the corresponding lifting motor (9) to drive the lifting assembly to move, and drive the drilling bit (5) to rotate through the drilling motor (10) to drill the soil layer for thickness measurement to form a drilling for detecting the thickness; S2. Start the adjustment component again, move and align the measuring tube (6) to the position just after drilling, start the corresponding lifting motor (9) to drive the lifting component to move, insert the measuring tube (6) into the hole through the guiding head (19), and start the driving motor (12). The output end of the driving motor (12) drives the driving unit, and through the driving unit, drives the liquid suction component to operate, suck the mud in the hole through the liquid suction filter holes (28) and discharge it through the drain pipe (22) outside the measuring tube (6), so as to remove the mud in the hole and prevent it from interfering with the detection of the detection head (17). When discharging the mud, the inner wall of the drill hole is extruded and reinforced by the reinforcement component to prevent it from collapsing and causing the situation of unable to detect; S3. Observe the soil layer through the detection head (17) and cooperate with the scale rod (14) and the pointer (16) to record the thickness of different soil layers, so as to complete the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer.

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