Monitoring method and system for filter and anti-electromagnetic pulse equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring method and system for a filter and anti-electromagnetic pulse equipment, and belongs to the technical field of filter monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: periodically obtaining initial power supply working condition data; judging whether an abnormal working condition exists according to the initial power supply working condition data to obtain a first judgment result; if the first judgment result is that the abnormal working condition risk exists, triggering an indwelling observation mechanism to obtain a second judgment result; when the first judgment result or the second judgment result shows that the abnormal working condition exists, abnormal working condition data are determined, and output power supply working condition data are obtained in real time; performing quality evaluation on the filtering effect of the anti-electromagnetic pulse filter based on the output power supply working condition data and the abnormal working condition data to obtain an evaluation result; and performing adaptive adjustment on the initial filtering parameters according to an evaluation result. Through closed-loop measures of monitoring, judgment, evaluation and feedback adjustment, the reliability and stability of the power supply system can be improved by finding problems in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of filter monitoring, and in particular, to a monitoring method, system and electromagnetic pulse protection device for a filter. Background Art

[0002] As a key component for signal frequency selection in an electronic system, filters are widely used in fields such as communication, radar, and measurement and control. The stability of their performance directly affects the overall signal quality of the system. Among them, electromagnetic pulse protection filters mainly absorb or reflect electromagnetic pulse interference, and combine with an LC filter circuit to reduce the harmonic content in the power supply, thereby providing a stable power supply environment for the equipment.

[0003] Currently, the functions of traditional electromagnetic pulse protection filters are limited to passive filtering. Their operating states completely depend on the static characteristics of the hardware itself, and their performance depends on regular manual inspections or passive troubleshooting after a failure occurs. However, in actual work, the real-time operating conditions of the power supply are uncertain, and the intensity and frequency of voltage amplitude, harmonic components, electromagnetic pulse interference, etc. may all change randomly and uncontrollably. Moreover, when the filter is subjected to the impact of an instantaneous electromagnetic pulse or voltage transient, it may still maintain normal operation on the surface in the short term without exposing potential hazards. For example, when the power supply causes a voltage transient due to instantaneous overvoltage, current surge, or harmonic distortion, the traditional filter can temporarily suppress the interference, but it cannot record or feedback such abnormal events. At the same time, it is difficult to immediately detect the signs of performance degradation of its internal components (such as inductance windings, capacitor dielectrics) through conventional means.

[0004] Therefore, when the traditional filter is in an abnormal operating condition that has not been detected for a long time, the core components of the filter (such as varistors, capacitors, etc.) may gradually deteriorate due to repeated exposure to overload stress, and may even suddenly fail due to cumulative damage, greatly reducing the operating reliability of the equipment. It may also cause chain failures of backend sensitive electronic devices due to the hidden decrease in filtering performance, resulting in production interruptions or high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that the traditional filter is prone to low operating reliability of the equipment due to the hidden decrease in performance after being affected by unexpected situations, the present application provides a monitoring method, system and electromagnetic pulse protection device for a filter.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a monitoring method for a filter, adopting the following technical solution: A monitoring method for a filter, comprising: Periodically obtaining initial power supply operating condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device; Judging whether there is an abnormal operating condition according to the initial power supply operating condition data, and obtaining a first judgment result; If the first judgment result is that there is a risk of abnormal working conditions, trigger the retention observation mechanism to obtain a second judgment result; When the first judgment result or the second judgment result is that there is an abnormal working condition, determine the abnormal working condition data, and obtain the output power supply working condition data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device in real time; Based on the output power supply working condition data and the abnormal working condition data, conduct a quality assessment of the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter to obtain an assessment result; Obtain the parameters for optimization according to the assessment result; According to the parameters for optimization, adaptively adjust the preset initial filtering parameters in the electromagnetic pulse protection filter to obtain the optimal filtering parameters.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, periodically obtain the initial power supply working condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device, judge whether there is an abnormal working condition according to the initial power supply working condition data, and obtain the first judgment result, which can effectively identify various abnormal working conditions, such as sudden voltage rise, sudden voltage drop, current overload, etc., and the judgment speed is relatively fast; when it is judged that there is a risk of abnormal working conditions, trigger the retention observation mechanism for further confirmation to obtain the second judgment result, which further improves the judgment accuracy and greatly reduces the situation of misjudgment and missed judgment; when it is determined that there is an abnormal working condition, specifically determine the abnormal working condition data, including the abnormal duration, the curves of current and voltage changing with time, and the environmental parameters at the moment of abnormal occurrence, etc. These data provide rich information for in-depth analysis of the causes and impacts of abnormal working conditions, and help to better reflect the performance of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter under abnormal conditions; Based on the output power supply working condition data and the abnormal working condition data, conduct a quality assessment of the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter to obtain a comprehensive and accurate assessment result, which can comprehensively reflect the performance of the filter; at the same time, this application considers the environmental impact factor, making the assessment result more in line with the actual situation; Finally, obtain the parameters for optimization according to the assessment result, and adaptively adjust the preset initial filtering parameters in the electromagnetic pulse protection filter to obtain the optimal filtering parameters. This adaptive adjustment mechanism enables the filter to dynamically optimize its own performance according to the actual working conditions, ensuring the best filtering effect in different power supply environments; through continuous adjustment and optimization, the adaptability and stability of the filter are improved, and the influence of environmental changes and abnormal working conditions on the filtering effect is reduced; Through the above series of monitoring, judgment, assessment and adjustment measures, this application can timely discover and solve the problems that occur in the operation of the filter, improve the reliability and stability of the entire power supply system, reduce the damage caused by electromagnetic interference to the equipment, reduce the incidence of system failures, ensure the normal operation of the equipment, and improve the production efficiency and product quality.

[0008] In a specific feasible implementation, the retention observation mechanism triggered when the first judgment result indicates a risk of abnormal working conditions includes: Continuously and real-time obtain the initial power supply working condition data corresponding to the first judgment result within a preset period of time; Obtain the relative fluctuation speed of the initial power supply working condition data within a preset period of time based on the initial power supply working condition data; Judge the global change trend of the data based on all the initial power supply working condition data within the period of time, and obtain the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed; Compare the actual change speed with a preset speed threshold to obtain a second judgment result.

[0009] In a specific feasible implementation, the judging the global change trend of the data based on all the initial power supply working condition data within the period of time and obtaining the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed includes: If the initial power supply working condition data continuously increases with time within the period of time, the global change trend is an increase; If the initial power supply working condition data continuously decreases with time within the period of time, the global change trend is a decrease; When the global change trend is an increase or a decrease, directly use the relative fluctuation speed as the actual change speed; Otherwise, trigger a data trend fitting discrimination mechanism to obtain the global change trend, and obtain the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed; The data trend fitting discrimination mechanism includes: Input a number of the initial power supply working condition data within the period of time and their corresponding time points into a preset curve fitting algorithm model to obtain a fitting curve ; Calculate the average working condition data of the fitting curve within the interval of the period of time; Calculate the sum of variances between all the initial power supply working condition data obtained within the period of time and the average working condition data, and compare the sum of variances with a preset fluctuation threshold to obtain the global change trend.

[0010] In a specific feasible implementation, the obtaining the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed includes: If the global change trend is overall gentle, directly use the relative fluctuation speed as the actual change speed; If the global change trend is oscillatory, a deviation correction speed value is obtained based on a number of the initial power supply condition data within the period of time, and the deviation correction speed value is substituted into a preset absolute change speed calculation formula to obtain an actual change speed; The calculation formula for the deviation correction speed value is: ; wherein, represents the average condition data of the fitting curve in the interval ; represents the deviation correction speed value of the initial power supply condition data within a period of time; The specific absolute change speed calculation formula is: ; ; wherein, represents the actual change speed; represents weight parameter of; represents weight parameter of;

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the initial power supply condition data corresponding to the first judgment result is continuously and real-time acquired within a preset period of time, which ensures that there is sufficient data volume for subsequent analysis, and continuous monitoring can capture all change details of the initial power supply condition data within this period of time, avoiding judgment errors caused by insufficient data sampling; for example, some abnormal conditions may not be obvious in a short time, but will gradually emerge over time, and continuous monitoring can detect these potential problems in time; The relative fluctuation speed of the initial power supply condition data within the preset time is obtained, and this index can intuitively reflect the dynamic change situation of the data. The relative fluctuation speed can help judge whether the data is in a stable state or a rapidly changing state; for example, if the relative fluctuation speed of the initial current data is too fast, it may mean that there are potential abnormalities such as short circuits; while if the relative fluctuation speed is too slow, it may indicate that the system is in a relatively stable operating state, but it is also necessary to further confirm whether there are slowly developing faults; Judge the global change trend of the data based on all the initial power supply condition data within a period of time, and obtain the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed. The global change trend analyzes the data from a macroscopic perspective and can discover the long-term change law of the data. The actual change speed obtained by combining the relative fluctuation speed comprehensively considers the short-term change and long-term trend of the data, making the judgment more comprehensive and accurate. For example, even if the relative fluctuation speed of the data is fast at a certain moment, but from the perspective of the global change trend, it is developing towards the normal range, then it may not necessarily mean that there is an abnormal condition. In this application, these data are quantified to realize the judgment of suspected abnormal conditions, effectively avoiding the interference of subjective factors, making the judgment more objective and reliable, helping to timely discover potential problems and take corresponding measures to deal with them, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the electromagnetic pulse filter. At the same time, this mechanism can adapt to different power supply environments and working condition changes, and has strong adaptability and flexibility.

[0012] In a specific implementable embodiment, the output power supply condition data includes the output voltage data and the output current data, and the initial power supply condition data includes the initial voltage data and the initial current data; the abnormal condition data includes the abnormal duration and the environmental parameters; the quality assessment of the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse filter is performed based on the output power supply condition data, and the obtained assessment results include: Obtain the current harmonic suppression rate according to the initial current data, the output current data, the initial voltage data, and the output voltage data; Calculate the input signal power based on the initial current data and the initial voltage data, calculate the output signal power based on the output current data and the output voltage data, and obtain the insertion loss according to the input signal power and the output signal power; Obtain the pulse suppression residue according to the abnormal duration, the output current data, and the pulse peak value in the output voltage data; Obtain the environmental impact factor according to the environmental parameters; Dynamically correct the harmonic suppression rate threshold, the insertion loss threshold, and the pulse suppression residue threshold according to the environmental impact factor, and obtain the assessment result according to the corrected data.

[0013] In a second aspect, this application provides an intelligent terminal, adopting the following technical solution: An intelligent terminal, characterized in that it includes a memory and a processor, and at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a monitoring method for a filter as described in the first aspect.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electromagnetic pulse protection device, adopting the following technical solution: An electromagnetic pulse protection device includes an electromagnetic pulse filter and the intelligent terminal described in the second aspect; The electromagnetic pulse filter is used to suppress electromagnetic pulse interference and perform harmonic filtering on the input power supply according to pre-stored initial filtering parameters; The intelligent terminal is used to identify and give early warnings about abnormal operating conditions of the electromagnetic pulse filter, evaluate the filtering effect quality of the electromagnetic pulse filter to obtain an evaluation result, and then adaptively adjust the initial filtering parameters according to the evaluation result.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a monitoring system for a filter, adopting the following technical solution: A monitoring system for a filter includes: Data acquisition devices are respectively arranged at the input end and the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter, and are used to obtain in real time the initial power supply operating condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse filter and the output power supply operating condition data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter; The electromagnetic pulse protection device as described in the third aspect, the intelligent terminal is communicatively connected to the data acquisition device, and the intelligent terminal is specifically used to obtain the initial power supply operating condition data in the data acquisition device and identify and give early warnings about abnormal operating conditions of the electromagnetic pulse filter according to the initial power supply operating condition data; The intelligent terminal is specifically further used to obtain the output power supply operating condition data in the data acquisition device and evaluate the filtering effect quality of the electromagnetic pulse filter in combination with the output power supply operating condition data to obtain an evaluation result.

[0016] In a specific feasible embodiment, the data acquisition device includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. The current acquisition unit is used to acquire the initial current data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse filter or the output current data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter. Before each current acquisition unit, there is a protection subunit. The input end of the protection subunit is connected to the power output end, and the output end is connected to the input end of the current acquisition unit. The protection sub-circuit includes a number of voltage-dividing resistors and operational amplifiers, and is used to adjust the scaling ratio of the current signal intensity input to the current acquisition unit by adjusting the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistors and the amplification factor of the operational amplifiers, so as to protect the current acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit is used to acquire the initial voltage data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse filter or the output voltage data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter. After each voltage acquisition unit, there is also an error compensation subunit. The input end of the error compensation subunit is connected to the output end of the voltage acquisition unit. The error compensation subunit includes a temperature sensor and a compensation operational amplifier. The error compensation subunit is used to monitor in real time through the temperature sensor, acquire real-time temperature parameters, and compensate and adjust the voltage data in the voltage acquisition subunit through the compensation operational amplifier and the real-time temperature parameters to obtain the initial voltage data or the output voltage data.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, adopting the following technical solution: A computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a monitoring method for a filter as described in the first aspect.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Aiming at the defect of the traditional filter of "being unable to monitor in real time", the present application realizes the real-time capture and hierarchical judgment of abnormal working conditions such as voltage sudden changes and current surges by periodically collecting the input power supply working condition data and combining the retention observation mechanism. Among them, the retention observation mechanism effectively distinguishes short-term fluctuations and progressive deterioration by continuously monitoring the relative fluctuation speed and global trend of the data, effectively avoiding misjudgment and missed judgment of the traditional method, and significantly improving the accuracy and timeliness of identifying abnormal working conditions, providing a reliable data basis for filter performance evaluation.

[0019] 2. The present application effectively improves the lag problem of traditional filters relying on manual periodic detection, transforms the operating state of the filter from "black box operation" into visual and digital real-time monitoring, and provides data support for early fault diagnosis.

[0020] 3. The present application constructs multi-dimensional evaluation indicators (harmonic suppression rate, insertion loss, pulse suppression residue), and dynamically corrects the evaluation threshold in combination with environmental impact factors to achieve quantitative evaluation of the filtering effect; in addition, through the linkage of a preset parameter optimization strategy library and hardware adjustable components (such as programmable capacitor arrays, digital potentiometers), the present application can automatically generate and execute optimization parameters, forming a closed-loop mechanism of "evaluation - adjustment - verification", enabling the filter to dynamically optimize its performance according to real-time working conditions, solving the limitation of traditional passive filtering relying on static hardware, and improving its adaptability and stability in complex environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system for a filter according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of the data acquisition device corresponding to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of the absorption sub-unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of the filtering sub-unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic overall circuit structure diagram of a monitoring system for a filter according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a monitoring method for a filter according to another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The following further describes in detail embodiments of a monitoring method, system, and electromagnetic pulse protection device for a filter according to the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application discloses a monitoring system for a filter.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1, A monitoring system for a filter includes a data acquisition device and an electromagnetic pulse protection device. Among them, the electromagnetic pulse protection device includes an electromagnetic pulse protection filter and an intelligent terminal communicatively connected to the electromagnetic pulse protection filter: The electromagnetic pulse protection filter is disposed at the power input end and is used to suppress electromagnetic pulse interference and perform harmonic filtering on the input power supply according to pre-stored initial filtering parameters; Two data acquisition devices are installed, respectively disposed at the input end and the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter, and are used to obtain in real time the initial power supply condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter and the output power supply condition data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter.

[0031] It should be specifically noted that, with reference to Figure 2 , the data acquisition device in this embodiment specifically includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. Each unit works together to achieve highly reliable signal acquisition, as follows: The current acquisition unit specifically includes two current acquisition sub-units. One current acquisition sub-unit is arranged at the very front end of the power input (i.e., between the power supply and the electromagnetic pulse protection filter), and the other current acquisition sub-unit is arranged after the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter. The current acquisition sub-unit is used to acquire the initial current data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter or the output current data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter. The current acquisition sub-unit is specifically a high-precision current sensor. The current sensor in this embodiment adopts a closed-loop current sensor based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The closed-loop current sensor internally integrates a feedback winding and a high-permeability magnetic core. By detecting the magnetic field generated by the primary current in real time and using the feedback winding to generate a reverse magnetic field for dynamic balance, a zero-flux detection state is formed, thereby linearly converting the input current into a low-voltage signal (such as a 1V / A proportional output) to obtain the initial current data. This is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0032] In order to protect the current acquisition unit and prevent damage to the current acquisition unit when the input current generated at the power supply end is too large, the current acquisition unit further includes two protection sub-units. The protection sub-units are respectively arranged before each current acquisition sub-unit. The protection sub-unit is specifically a signal scaling circuit, which builds a proportional scaling circuit relying on a voltage division resistor network and an operational amplifier, and is specifically used to precisely regulate the scaling ratio of the input signal intensity corresponding to the current directly output by the power supply by adjusting the resistor value and the amplification factor of the operational amplifier. For example, when it is detected that the current signal exceeds the rated range of the sensor, the protection sub-unit will stabilize the output signal within the safe input range of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) (such as 0-5V) by automatically switching the resistor gear or adjusting the amplification factor, thereby effectively ensuring that the current acquisition sub-unit will not be damaged due to being impacted when facing a large signal corresponding to an excessive current. This is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] The voltage acquisition unit specifically includes two voltage acquisition sub-units. One voltage acquisition sub-unit is arranged at the very front end of the power input (i.e., between the power supply and the electromagnetic pulse filter), and the other voltage acquisition sub-unit is arranged after the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter. The voltage acquisition sub-unit is used to acquire the voltage data at the input end or the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter. The voltage acquisition sub-unit is specifically a voltage collector. The voltage collector in this embodiment adopts a resistive voltage division structure, which can reduce the input power supply voltage to a measurable range in proportion by means of precise resistors to obtain voltage data. Specifically, the voltage acquisition sub-unit is used to acquire the initial voltage data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse filter or the output voltage data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter. In addition, considering that the voltage data acquisition process is easily affected by environmental temperature changes, in this embodiment, the voltage acquisition unit further includes an error compensation sub-unit, which is arranged after each voltage acquisition sub-unit. The error compensation sub-unit is specifically a circuit composed of elements such as a temperature sensor and a compensation operational amplifier, which is used to monitor the real-time temperature parameter in real time, and compensate and adjust the voltage data in the voltage acquisition sub-unit according to the real-time temperature parameter and the compensation operational amplifier respectively to obtain the initial voltage data and the output voltage data.

[0034] To sum up, through the coordinated operation of the current / voltage acquisition sub-units, protection sub-units and error compensation sub-units at the input end and the output end, the data acquisition device realizes the high-precision and high-reliability acquisition of the input / output power supply signals of the electromagnetic pulse filter. The specific working process is as follows: Input end current acquisition: The original current signal of the power input first flows through the protection sub-unit (signal scaling circuit) located between the power supply and the filter. This circuit forms a proportional scaling module through a voltage division resistor network and an operational amplifier to monitor the current signal intensity in real time. If it is detected that the signal corresponding to the input current exceeds the rated range of the closed-loop current sensor (for example, when >50A, the output voltage >5V), the protection sub-unit automatically switches the resistance gear or adjusts the amplification factor (for example, switches the 1V / A proportional output to 0.5V / A) to stabilize the signal amplitude in the safe input range (0-5V) of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), avoiding damage to the backend sensor caused by large current signal impact. The current signal after protection processing enters the input end current acquisition sub-unit (closed-loop current sensor). The sensor linearly converts the primary current into a low-voltage signal (for example, 10A current corresponds to 10V output, which is scaled to 1V) through the dynamic balance mechanism (zero-flux detection) of the internal feedback winding and the high-permeability magnetic core to generate the initial current data, truly reflecting the characteristics of the unfiltered power input current (such as harmonic distortion, pulse spikes).

[0035] Output current acquisition: The output current signal processed by the anti-electromagnetic pulse filter flows through the current acquisition subunit at the output end. It adopts the same closed-loop current sensor and protection subunit design as the input end to collect the filtered output current data (such as residual harmonic current and current fluctuation after pulse suppression) in real time and ensure the safe input of the signal through the same signal scaling mechanism.

[0036] Input voltage acquisition: The original voltage signal of the power supply input is connected to the input voltage acquisition subunit (resistor divider voltage collector). The high voltage (such as 220VAC) is proportionally stepped down to a safe measurement range (such as 2.2V) through precision resistors (such as a 100:1 voltage divider ratio). After being buffered and isolated by the operational amplifier, the initial voltage data is output, retaining the waveform details of the original power supply voltage (such as voltage swell and harmonic superposition).

[0037] The collected voltage signal enters the error compensation subunit, and the temperature sensor monitors the ambient temperature in real time (accuracy: ±0.5°C). If the temperature change causes the temperature coefficient of the voltage divider resistor to drift (e.g., >5ppm / °C), the compensation operational amplifier generates a reverse compensation voltage based on the preset temperature-resistance deviation model (e.g., a -0.01V compensation signal is superimposed when the temperature rises by 10°C). This corrects the impact of temperature on the voltage collection accuracy and outputs the final calibrated initial voltage data.

[0038] Output voltage acquisition: The filtered output voltage signal is divided by the output voltage acquisition sub-unit and then corrected for temperature drift by the error compensation sub-unit to generate calibrated output voltage data, which accurately reflects the quality of the filtered voltage (such as ripple amplitude and residual pulse voltage).

[0039] The electromagnetic pulse protection filter specifically includes an absorption subunit, a filtering subunit and a signal transmission subunit; Among them, reference Figure 3 The absorption subunit includes a circuit substrate, a varistor, a transient suppression diode and a discharge tube. The varistor and the transient suppression diode are both installed on the circuit substrate and connected through lines on the printed circuit board (PCB); the absorption subunit is connected in series at the power input end, located after the data acquisition device, and is used to process the strong electromagnetic pulse interference in the input power supply as soon as possible; when the power end outputs a momentary high-energy strong electromagnetic pulse, the resistance value of the varistor will drop sharply under the action of the strong electromagnetic pulse voltage, and the strong electromagnetic pulse energy will be discharged through itself, playing a preliminary role in suppressing the strong electromagnetic pulse. After the resistance of the varistor is reduced, the transient suppression diode further clips and stabilizes the residual strong electromagnetic pulse, limits the strong electromagnetic pulse voltage to a safe range, and protects subsequent circuits.

[0040] Referring to Figure 4 , the filtering subunit of this embodiment is composed of a number of inductors and capacitors, specifically a circuit formed by interleaving a number of π-type filter circuits and T-type filter circuits, that is, an LC filter circuit; among them, the inductor is wound with a magnetic core of high magnetic permeability, and the capacitor is selected by combining ceramic capacitors and electrolytic capacitors to meet the filtering requirements of different frequency bands; the filtering subunit is specifically arranged before the absorption subunit and the signal transmission subunit, and the power supply is connected through the inductor and capacitor according to the above-mentioned filter circuit structure through a line to form a complete filter network; When the power supply signal (including the above-mentioned initial current data and initial voltage data) enters the filtering subunit, for low-frequency interference signals, the inductor will, due to its high inductive reactance characteristic, impede the passage of low-frequency signals, causing most of its energy to be consumed on the inductor; while for high-frequency interference signals, the capacitor will, due to its low capacitive reactance characteristic, bypass the high-frequency signals to the ground, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals of different frequencies and making the output unit signal purer.

[0041] The signal transmission subunit specifically includes an optoelectronic conversion transmitter, an optical fiber, an optoelectronic conversion receiver, and related signal conditioning circuits; among them, the optoelectronic conversion transmitter is used to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal, the optoelectronic conversion receiver is used to convert the optical signal back into an electrical signal, and the signal conditioning circuit is used to amplify, shape, etc. the signals before and after conversion. The optical fiber serves as an optical signal transmission medium and is used to connect the optoelectronic conversion transmitter and the optoelectronic conversion receiver; all are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here; in this embodiment, the optoelectronic conversion transmitter is connected to the current acquisition subunit and the voltage acquisition subunit in the data acquisition device, and is used to receive the acquired electrical signals (including the initial current data and the initial voltage data) and convert the electrical signals into optical signals; the optoelectronic conversion receiver is connected to the information processing sub-circuit and is used to convert the optical signal in the optoelectronic conversion transmitter back into an electrical signal and transmit the converted electrical signal to the intelligent terminal; When the electrical signal output by the data acquisition device first enters the optoelectronic conversion transmitter, the electrical signal is first converted into an optical signal through a light-emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD). Then, the optical signal stably transmits in the optical fiber due to its characteristic of being unaffected by electromagnetic interference. After reaching the optoelectronic conversion receiver, it is converted back into an electrical signal through a photodiode (PD), and after being processed by the signal conditioning circuit, the processed electrical signal is transmitted to the intelligent terminal; the specific complete signal processing process can refer to Figure 5 .

[0042] The intelligent terminal is set at the core control position of the entire electromagnetic pulse filtering device and is closely connected to all subunits in the electromagnetic pulse filter through various interfaces, and is used to realize the reception, processing of data, and the sending of control instructions; In addition, the intelligent terminal is also communicatively connected to the data acquisition device, and is used to obtain the initial power supply condition data (including initial power data and initial voltage data) and output power supply condition data (including output power data and output voltage data) in the data acquisition device; the intelligent terminal is also used to identify and give early warnings of abnormal conditions according to the initial power supply condition data, and combine the output power supply condition data to evaluate the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse filter to obtain an evaluation result, and then obtain the parameters for optimization according to the evaluation result, and finally adaptively adjust the initial filtering parameters in the electromagnetic pulse filter according to the parameters for optimization.

[0043] The intelligent terminal includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set; when the processor runs at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, it executes the steps of a monitoring method for a filter as follows.

[0044] The implementation of the method will be described in detail below in conjunction with the above system: Refer to Figure 6 , another embodiment of the present application provides a monitoring method for a filter, including: S100, periodically obtain the initial power supply condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device; Among them, the initial power supply condition data includes initial current data and initial voltage data; S200, judge whether there is an abnormal condition according to the initial power supply condition data to obtain a first judgment result; Among them, the first judgment result includes one of the existence of an abnormal working condition, the non-existence of an abnormal working condition, and the risk of an abnormal working condition; the risk of an abnormal working condition means that although the initial power supply working condition data does not reach a clear abnormal standard, it has approached the critical value or shown some abnormal trends; for example, if the current data continuously rises within a short period of time and approaches the overload threshold, it is judged that there is a risk of an abnormal working condition; specifically, in S200, during the judgment process of whether the electromagnetic pulse filter is in an abnormal working condition, it is necessary to preset the judgment standard of the abnormal working condition in advance. The judgment standard can be set based on the normal working range of the power supply, historical data statistics, industry standards, etc. In this embodiment, the normal current range is set to 0 - 10A, and the normal voltage range is set to 210 - 230V as an example; when the initial current data exceeds 10A or is lower than 0A, or the initial voltage data exceeds 230V or is lower than 210V, it is directly determined that there is an abnormal working condition; the types of abnormal working conditions in this embodiment include but are not limited to voltage surges, voltage dips, current overloads, high-frequency electromagnetic pulse interferences, etc. This embodiment can identify different types of abnormal working conditions by performing time-frequency domain analysis (such as fast Fourier transform, wavelet analysis, etc.) on the initial current data and the initial voltage data. For example, if it is found in the frequency domain analysis that the high-frequency components suddenly increase abnormally and the increase pattern conforms to the historical interference characteristics, it is judged that there is a high-frequency electromagnetic pulse interference. This is the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0045] S300, if the first judgment result is that there is a risk of an abnormal working condition, trigger the retention and observation mechanism to obtain the second judgment result; Among them, the second judgment result includes one of the existence of an abnormal working condition and the non-existence of an abnormal working condition; specifically, S300 includes: S310, within a preset period of time, continuously and real-time obtain the initial power supply working condition data corresponding to the first judgment result; Among them, the initial power supply working condition data is one of the initial voltage data and the initial current data; S320, obtain the relative fluctuation speed of the initial power supply working condition data within a preset period of time according to the initial power supply working condition data; Among them, the relative fluctuation speed has positive and negative values. The positive and negative represent the change direction of the initial power supply working condition data within a preset period of time. A positive number represents an increase in current / voltage, and a negative number represents a decrease in current / voltage; the calculation formula for the relative fluctuation speed is: ; Among them, represents the relative fluctuation speed of the initial power supply working condition data within a period of time; represents the last initial power supply working condition data obtained within a period of time; represents the first initial power supply working condition data obtained within a period of time; Represents the duration of a period of time.

[0046] S330, determine the global change trend of the data based on all the initial power condition data within a period of time, and obtain the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed; Among them, the global change trend includes oscillation, increase, decrease, and overall flatness; specifically, S330 includes the following steps S331 - S333: S331, if the initial power condition data continuously increases with time within a preset period of time, the global change trend is increase; if the initial power condition data continuously decreases with time within a preset period of time, the global change trend is decrease; S332, when the global change trend is increase or decrease, directly use the relative fluctuation speed in S320 as the actual change speed; S333, otherwise, trigger a data trend fitting discrimination mechanism to obtain the global change trend and obtain the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed; Specifically, S333 includes: S3331, input a number of initial power condition data within a period of time and their corresponding time points into a preset curve fitting algorithm model to obtain a fitting curve ; Among them, the fitting curve is used to reflect the change trend of the initial power condition data with time within a preset period of time. The curve fitting algorithm model uses the least squares method, which is a prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0047] S3332, calculate the average condition data of the fitting curve within the interval of a period of time; Among them, the average condition data is the average value of all the continuous initial power condition data on the fitting curve within a period of time; the calculation formula for this average condition data is: ; Among them, represents the average condition data of the fitting curve within the interval ;

[0048] S3333, calculate the variance sum between all the initial power condition data obtained within a period of time and the average condition data, and compare this variance sum with a preset fluctuation threshold to obtain the global change trend; Specifically, if the sum of variances is greater than the fluctuation threshold, the global change trend is oscillatory; if the sum of variances is less than or equal to the fluctuation threshold, the global change trend is overall smooth; where, in this embodiment, the fluctuation threshold is taken as 1; the calculation formula for the sum of variances is: ; where, represents the th initial power operating condition data obtained within a period of time; represents the total number of initial power operating condition data obtained within a period of time; represents the sum of variances between all initial power operating condition data and the average operating condition data within a period of time.

[0049] S3334, if the global change trend is overall smooth, directly use the relative fluctuation speed in S320 as the actual change speed.

[0050] S3335, if the global change trend is oscillatory, obtain a speed value for rectification based on a number of initial power operating condition data within a period of time, and substitute the speed value for rectification into a preset absolute change speed calculation formula to obtain the actual change speed; where, the speed value for rectification is calculated from a fitting curve obtained based on a number of initial power operating condition data within a period of time and its calculation formula is: ; where, represents the average operating condition data of the fitting curve in the interval ; represents the speed value for rectification of the initial power operating condition data within a period of time; The absolute change speed calculation formula in S3335 is specifically: ; ; where, represents the actual change speed; represents 's weight parameter; represents 's weight parameter; in this embodiment, is taken as 0.7, is taken as 0.3.

[0051] S340, compare the actual change speed with a preset speed threshold to obtain a second judgment result; Among them, if the initial power supply condition data is the initial current data, the speed threshold in this embodiment is taken as 5 A / second; if the initial power supply condition data is the initial voltage data, the first speed threshold in this embodiment is taken as 10 V / second.

[0052] S400. When the first judgment result or the second judgment result indicates the existence of an abnormal condition, determine the abnormal condition data and obtain the output power supply condition data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device in real time. Among them, the abnormal condition data includes the abnormal duration, the current working curve of the current changing with time, the voltage working curve of the voltage changing with time, and the environmental parameters at the moment of the abnormal occurrence. The current working curve and the voltage working curve both include several pulse peaks and pulse valleys of the voltage / current in the current abnormal condition. The environmental parameter in this embodiment specifically refers to the real-time temperature parameter; the output power supply condition data includes the output current data and the output voltage data; specifically, the method for determining the abnormal condition data is as follows: The abnormal duration is obtained through the corresponding abnormal start time and the mark of the current time: when it is monitored that the initial power supply condition data (initial current data or initial voltage data) first exceeds the normal range, immediately record this moment as the abnormal start time; each abnormal duration corresponds to an abnormal start time. If there are multiple relatively close abnormal start times, such as 3 abnormal start times are marked within 5 minutes, and the first judgment result or the second judgment result of the existence of an abnormal condition is obtained at the third mark (i.e., the current time), then at this time, take the time point when the abnormality first occurred as the abnormal start time of this abnormal duration; specifically, the abnormal duration is equal to the current time minus the abnormal start time; for example, if the abnormal start time is 10:00:00 and the current time is 10:00:15, then the current detected abnormality has lasted for 15 seconds. In order to accurately depict the curves of the current and voltage changing with time, it is necessary to collect the initial current data at an appropriate frequency. The collection frequency should be determined according to the characteristics of the power supply system and the possible abnormal situations. In this embodiment, the collection frequency is a preset value; for example, for fast-changing electromagnetic pulse interference, a higher collection frequency (such as 1000 times per second) is required; for relatively slow current fluctuations, the collection frequency can be appropriately reduced (such as 10 times per second); during the duration of the abnormal condition, the intelligent terminal continuously records the initial current data at the set collection frequency and stores the data in the memory. Each data point should include the collection time and the corresponding current value / voltage value. By observing the shape and trend of the curve, it is possible to intuitively understand the change situation of the current during the abnormal condition, such as whether the current suddenly increases or decreases, whether there is periodic fluctuation, etc., and the fluctuation situation of the voltage under the abnormal condition, such as whether there is a sudden increase, sudden drop or oscillation of the voltage.

[0053] S500, perform a quality assessment on the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse filter based on the output power supply operating condition data and the abnormal condition data, and obtain an evaluation result; Among them, the evaluation result includes that the filtering effect is seriously affected, the filtering effect is slightly affected, and the filtering effect is not affected; specifically, S500 includes: S510, obtain a number of different evaluation indicators according to the output power supply operating condition data and the abnormal condition data; Among them, the evaluation indicators include the harmonic suppression rate, the insertion loss, and the pulse suppression residue; specifically, S510 includes: S511, obtain the current harmonic suppression rate according to the initial current data and the output current data, the initial voltage data and the output voltage data; Among them, in this embodiment, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is used to calculate the amplitudes of each harmonic in the input and output signals respectively, and the amplitudes of each harmonic at the output end are compared with the corresponding harmonic amplitudes at the input end to obtain the harmonic suppression rate; the harmonic suppression rate is used to measure the suppression ability of the electromagnetic pulse filter for the harmonic components in the power supply. S512, calculate the input signal power based on the input power supply operating condition data, calculate the output signal power based on the output power supply operating condition data, and obtain the insertion loss according to the input signal power and the output signal power; Among them, the calculation formula of the insertion loss is as follows: ; Among them, P in is the input signal power, P out is the output signal power; IL is the insertion loss, which is used to reflect the attenuation degree of the current electromagnetic pulse filter for the received electrical signal.

[0054] S513, obtain the pulse suppression residue according to the abnormal duration, the output current data, and the pulse peak value in the output voltage data; Among them, the calculation of the pulse suppression residue requires first finding the maximum value of the current during the electromagnetic pulse interference by traversing the data in the collected output current data sequence, and this maximum value is the pulse peak value of the output current; for example, during an electromagnetic pulse interference process, the collected output current data are 1.2A, 1.5A, 2.3A, 1.8A, etc. After comparison, it can be seen that 2.3A is the maximum value, so the pulse peak value of the output current under this interference is 2.3A; then use the same method to obtain the pulse peak value of the output voltage; finally, perform a weighted calculation on the current peak value, the voltage peak value, and the abnormal duration according to a certain weight to obtain the pulse suppression residue; the pulse suppression residue is used to evaluate the suppression effect of the electromagnetic pulse filter on the electromagnetic pulse.

[0055] S520. Obtain an environmental impact factor based on environmental parameters; Among them, the environmental impact factor is used to reflect the objective impact of environmental temperature on the performance of the electromagnetic pulse filter itself. Specifically, the calculation of the environmental impact factor can be achieved by establishing a correlation model between real-time temperature parameters and filtering performance: collect performance data such as the harmonic suppression rate and insertion loss of the filter at different temperatures in advance, and construct a temperature-performance curve; when the real-time temperature parameters at the moment of the current abnormal working condition are obtained, calculate the environmental impact factor according to the subsequent slope of the working curve and the temperature change trend. If the temperature rises sharply within a short time and exceeds the normal working temperature range of the filter, the environmental impact factor increases, indicating that the negative impact of temperature on filtering performance is enhanced.

[0056] S530. Obtain an evaluation result based on the environmental impact factor and evaluation indicators; Specifically, S530 includes: S531. Dynamically correct the harmonic suppression rate threshold, insertion loss threshold, and pulse suppression residue threshold according to the environmental impact factor; Among them, the greater the environmental impact factor, the corresponding reduction of the harmonic suppression rate threshold and the pulse suppression residue threshold, and the corresponding increase of the insertion loss threshold, to reflect the impact of environmental factors on the evaluation criteria of filtering effect.

[0057] S532. If the harmonic suppression rate is lower than the corrected threshold, the insertion loss is higher than the corrected threshold, and the pulse suppression residue is greater than the corrected threshold, the evaluation result is that the filtering effect is seriously affected; If some of the above indicators only deviate from the threshold but do not all exceed the standard, the evaluation result is that the filtering effect is slightly affected; If all indicators meet the requirements of the corrected threshold, the evaluation result is that the filtering effect is not affected.

[0058] It should be noted that the evaluation result in S532 can be corrected according to the evaluation results of multiple consecutive time periods to avoid misjudgment of the filtering effect caused by short-term abnormal working conditions. Specifically, it is achieved through the following mechanism: A time window for storing historical evaluation results is preset in the intelligent terminal (e.g., the most recent 5 monitoring cycles). When the evaluation results for a certain period show that "the filtering effect is severely affected" or "the filtering effect is slightly affected", the system will continuously track the changing trend of the evaluation indicators for subsequent periods. If the harmonic suppression rate, insertion loss, and pulse suppression residue amount gradually approach the corrected threshold range for multiple consecutive subsequent periods (such as 3 periods), and the real-time temperature parameter shows that the environmental impact factor is on a downward trend (e.g., the temperature returns to the normal operating temperature range of the filter), it is determined that the abnormal state of the current filtering effect is an instantaneous fluctuation caused by short-term interference, rather than permanent deterioration of components or circuit faults. At this time, the system corrects the initial evaluation result according to the dynamic changing trend of the historical evaluation results. If the number of times "no impact on the filtering effect" reaches 2 or more in the most recent 3 evaluation results, the current evaluation result is corrected to "the filtering effect is slightly affected" or "no impact on the filtering effect", depending on the degree of index recovery. If the evaluation indicators for all subsequent periods are stable within the threshold range, the evaluation result is finally determined to be "no impact on the filtering effect".

[0059] For example, when the pulse suppression residue amount exceeds the standard due to instantaneous electromagnetic pulse interference at a certain moment, the first evaluation result is "the filtering effect is severely affected". However, during continuous monitoring in the subsequent 10 minutes, the pulse suppression residue amount gradually decreases to the normal range, and the harmonic suppression rate and insertion loss always remain stable. Then the system determines that this abnormality is a transient response caused by short-term interference, rather than a substantial degradation of the filter performance, and thus corrects the evaluation result to "no impact on the filtering effect". This dynamic correction mechanism based on time series effectively differentiates the impacts of short-term interference and long-term deterioration on the filtering effect, avoids misjudgment problems caused by single-time over-standard in traditional evaluation methods, and improves the robustness and accuracy of the monitoring system.

[0060] S600, obtain the parameters for optimization according to several evaluation results corresponding to multiple consecutive periods; Among them, the intelligent terminal has a preset parameter optimization strategy library built based on the characteristics of the filter hardware adjustable components (such as programmable capacitor arrays, digital potentiometers) and historical operation data, and contains parameter adjustment rules corresponding to different evaluation results: When the final evaluation result is "the filtering effect is severely affected", trigger the in-depth optimization strategy: if the harmonic suppression rate is lower than the threshold, according to the current harmonic over-standard frequency band (such as mainly the 3rd harmonic), retrieve the optimal capacitor / inductor combination for the corresponding frequency band from the strategy library (e.g., increase the 10 μF capacitor to enhance low-frequency harmonic suppression); if the pulse suppression residue amount exceeds the standard, generate an instruction to adjust the parameters of the electromagnetic pulse absorption device (such as increasing the clamping voltage level of the TVS diode). When the final evaluation result is "the filtering effect is slightly affected", an adaptive fine-tuning strategy is executed: calculate the deviation between the evaluation index and the threshold through the fuzzy logic algorithm, and generate fine-tuning parameters proportionally (for example, when the insertion loss is 1 dB higher than the threshold, fine-tune the resistance value of the digital potentiometer to increase the inductance value by 5%); When the final evaluation result is "no impact on the filtering effect", maintain the current filtering parameters and only record the abnormal working condition data for updating the strategy library.

[0061] S700, adaptively adjust the preset initial filtering parameters in the electromagnetic pulse filter according to the optimization parameters to obtain the optimal filtering parameters, and realize the real-time optimization control of the electromagnetic pulse filter according to the optimal filtering parameters; Among them, after the adjustable parameter module (such as the programmable LC unit) inside the electromagnetic pulse filter receives the optimization parameters sent by the intelligent terminal, it will perform adjustment operations through the hardware interface: For the programmable capacitor array, the optimization parameters correspond to the switch states of specific capacitor combinations (for example, the binary code "101" means connecting 10 nF + 1 nF capacitors), and the relay or MOS transistor is controlled by the drive circuit to switch the capacitor connection state; For the digital potentiometer, the optimization parameter is the resistance adjustment code (such as the 4096-level resistance value corresponding to a 12-bit ADC), which is sent to the potentiometer chip through the SPI bus to adjust the inductance matching resistance value in real time to optimize the impedance characteristics; After the adjustment is completed, the intelligent terminal enters the parameter verification stage: continuously monitor the output power supply working condition data within the preset verification time window (such as 30 seconds), calculate the adjusted harmonic suppression rate, insertion loss and other indicators. If the evaluation result does not meet the expectation (such as the harmonic suppression rate increases by less than 20%), then start iterative optimization - perform secondary adjustment of the parameters based on the gradient descent algorithm until the indicators meet the threshold requirements or reach the maximum number of adjustments (such as 5 times) and then trigger a manual intervention prompt; through the closed-loop mechanism of "evaluation - adjustment - verification", finally determine the optimal filtering parameters suitable for the real-time working conditions and realize the dynamic optimization of the filter performance.

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept as above, the embodiment of the present application also discloses an electromagnetic pulse protection device, which includes a memory and a processor. At least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a monitoring method for a filter provided in the above method embodiment.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept described above, an embodiment of the present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is stored, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, the code set or the instruction set can be loaded and executed by a processor to implement a monitoring method for a filter provided in the above method embodiment.

[0064] It should be understood that the "plurality" mentioned herein refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0065] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments can be completed by hardware or by a program instructing relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned storage media include, for example: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical discs and other media that can store program codes.

[0066] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for a filter, characterized in that, Including: Periodically obtaining the initial power supply condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device; Judging whether there is an abnormal condition according to the initial power supply condition data to obtain a first judgment result; If the first judgment result is that there is a risk of abnormal condition, triggering a retention observation mechanism to obtain a second judgment result; When the first judgment result or the second judgment result is that there is an abnormal condition, determining the abnormal condition data and real-time obtaining the output power supply condition data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection device; Based on the output power supply condition data and the abnormal condition data, conducting a quality assessment on the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse filter to obtain an assessment result; Obtaining optimization parameters according to a number of the assessment results corresponding to consecutive time periods; According to the optimization parameters, adaptively adjusting the preset initial filtering parameters in the electromagnetic pulse filter to obtain the optimal filtering parameters, and realizing real-time optimization control of the electromagnetic pulse filter according to the optimal filtering parameters.

2. The monitoring method for a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retention observation mechanism triggered when the first judgment result is that there is a risk of abnormal condition includes: Continuously and real-time obtaining the initial power supply condition data corresponding to the first judgment result within a preset period of time; Obtaining the relative fluctuation speed of the initial power supply condition data within the period of time according to the initial power supply condition data; Judging the global change trend of the initial power supply condition data according to all the initial power supply condition data within the period of time, and obtaining the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed; Comparing the actual change speed with a preset speed threshold to obtain a second judgment result.

3. The monitoring method for a filter according to claim 2, wherein, The judging the global change trend of the data according to all the initial power supply condition data within the period of time, and obtaining the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed includes: If the initial power supply condition data continuously increases with time within the period of time, determining that the global change trend is an increase; If the initial power supply condition data continuously decreases with time within the period of time, determining that the global change trend is a decrease; When the global change trend is an increase or a decrease, directly taking the relative fluctuation speed as the actual change speed; Otherwise, triggering a data trend fitting discrimination mechanism to obtain the global change trend, and obtaining the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed; The data trend fitting discrimination mechanism includes: Input a number of the initial power supply condition data within the period of time and their corresponding time points one by one into a preset curve fitting algorithm model to obtain a fitting curve ; Calculating the fitting curve Average operating condition data within the interval of the said period of time; Calculating the sum of variances between all the initial power supply condition data obtained within the period of time and the average condition data, and comparing the sum of variances with a preset fluctuation threshold to obtain the global change trend.

4. The monitoring method for a filter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The obtaining the actual change speed based on the global change trend and the relative fluctuation speed includes: If the global change trend is overall flat, directly taking the relative fluctuation speed as the actual change speed; If the global change trend is oscillating, obtaining a deviation correction speed value based on a number of the initial power supply condition data within the period of time, and substituting the deviation correction speed value into a preset absolute change speed calculation formula to obtain the actual change speed; The calculation formula for the speed value used for deviation correction is as follows: ； Among them, represents the fitting curve in the interval average operating condition data; represents the correction speed value of the initial power supply operating condition data within a period of time; The specific calculation formula for the absolute change speed is as follows: ； ； Among them, represents the actual change rate; represents the weight parameter of; represents the weight parameter of.

5. The monitoring method for a filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output power supply condition data includes the output voltage data and the output current data, and the initial power supply condition data includes the initial voltage data and the initial current data; the abnormal condition data includes the abnormal duration and environmental parameters; the quality evaluation of the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter is performed based on the output power supply condition data, and the obtained evaluation results include: Obtain the current harmonic suppression rate according to the initial current data, the output current data, the initial voltage data, and the output voltage data; Calculate the input signal power based on the initial current data and the initial voltage data, calculate the output signal power based on the output current data and the output voltage data, and obtain the insertion loss according to the input signal power and the output signal power; Obtain the pulse suppression residual amount according to the abnormal duration, the pulse peak value in the output current data, and the output voltage data; Obtain the environmental impact factor according to the environmental parameters; Dynamically correct the harmonic suppression rate threshold, the insertion loss threshold, and the pulse suppression residual amount threshold according to the environmental impact factor, and obtain the evaluation result according to the corrected data.

6. An intelligent terminal, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor. At least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set is stored in the memory. The at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the monitoring method for a filter as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. An electromagnetic pulse protection device, characterized in that, It includes an electromagnetic pulse protection filter and the intelligent terminal as described in claim 6; The electromagnetic pulse protection filter is used to suppress electromagnetic pulse interference and perform harmonic filtering on the input power supply according to the pre-stored initial filtering parameters; The intelligent terminal is used to identify and give an early warning of the abnormal conditions of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter, perform a quality evaluation on the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter, obtain an evaluation result, and then adaptively adjust the initial filtering parameters according to the evaluation result.

8. A monitoring system for a filter, characterized in that, It includes: Data acquisition devices are respectively arranged at the input end and the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter, and are used to obtain in real time the initial power supply condition data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter and the output power supply condition data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter; The electromagnetic pulse protection device as described in claim 7, the intelligent terminal is communicatively connected to the data acquisition device, and the intelligent terminal is specifically used to obtain the initial power supply condition data in the data acquisition device and identify and give an early warning of the abnormal conditions of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter according to the initial power supply condition data; The intelligent terminal is specifically further used to obtain the output power supply condition data in the data acquisition device and perform a quality evaluation on the filtering effect of the electromagnetic pulse protection filter in combination with the output power supply condition data to obtain an evaluation result.

9. The monitoring system for a filter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data acquisition device includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. The current acquisition unit is used to acquire the initial current data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse filter or the output current data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter; A protection subunit is provided before each current acquisition unit. The input end of the protection subunit is connected to the power output end, and the output end is connected to the input end of the current acquisition unit; the protection subcircuit includes a plurality of voltage-dividing resistors and operational amplifiers, and is used to adjust the scaling ratio of the current signal intensity input to the current acquisition unit by adjusting the resistance value of the voltage-dividing resistors and the amplification factor of the operational amplifiers to protect the current acquisition unit; The voltage acquisition unit is used to acquire the initial voltage data at the input end of the electromagnetic pulse filter or the output voltage data at the output end of the electromagnetic pulse filter; An error compensation subunit is further provided after each voltage acquisition unit. The input end of the error compensation subunit is connected to the output end of the voltage acquisition unit. The error compensation subunit includes a temperature sensor and a compensation operational amplifier. The error compensation subunit is used to monitor in real time through the temperature sensor, acquire real-time temperature parameters, and perform compensation adjustment on the voltage data in the voltage acquisition subunit through the compensation operational amplifier and the real-time temperature parameters to obtain the initial voltage data or the output voltage data.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the monitoring method for a filter as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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