A radar high-power synthetic feed, design method and related products

Abstract

The present invention discloses a radar high-power synthesis feed, design method, and related products, belonging to the field of radar antenna technology. The radar high-power synthesis feed provided by the present invention comprises four square waveguides, a high-power synthesizer, a transition circular waveguide, and an ultra-wideband multimode horn. The output ends of the four square waveguides are connected to the input ends of the ultra-wideband multimode horn in sequence through the high-power synthesizer and the transition circular waveguide. This facilitates the efficient transmission and synthesis of high-power signals and, compared to conventional power synthesis feeds, provides support for processing high-power signals. The high-power synthesizer cavity adopts a square step design with unequal side lengths, which can reduce signal reflection loss through impedance matching and improve synthesis efficiency, thereby meeting the 1MW high-power requirement of deep space exploration radar systems in the X-band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radar antennas, and in particular to a radar high-power synthetic feed, a design method and related products. Background Art

[0002] As humanity's exploration of the universe continues to deepen, deep space exploration and astronomical observation have become crucial means of studying the solar system and beyond. Radar, as an active detection technology, can detect and track space targets by emitting electromagnetic waves. By controlling uplink transmission signals, it can acquire key characteristics such as the size, shape, and rotation period of celestial bodies in the solar system. This makes it a core technology for studying the topography, physical characteristics, and orbital dynamics of distant celestial bodies.

[0003] However, existing technologies for power combining feeds in radar systems face numerous limitations when processing high-power signals. Conventional power combining feeds are designed to handle power levels in the kilowatt (kW) range or below. While a few products can achieve power combining in the 100-kilowatt (100kW) range, they still face technical bottlenecks when faced with the high-power requirements of deep-space radar systems operating in the X-band, often exceeding 1MW (megawatt). Specifically, during high-power combining, traditional feed structures are prone to significant signal reflection loss and phase distortion, resulting in reduced power combining efficiency, making it difficult to maintain radar system performance and meeting the radar system's demand for efficient high-power combining.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a high-efficiency power synthesis feed that can meet the 1MW transmission power requirement of the X-band has become a technical problem that needs to be overcome urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a radar high-power synthesis feed, a design method and related products to overcome the problem of low synthesis efficiency of traditional feed structures under high-power synthesis conditions.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A radar high-power synthetic feed source, comprising a four-way square waveguide, a high-power synthesizer, a transition circular waveguide and an ultra-wideband multimode horn;

[0008] The output end of the four-way square waveguide is connected to the input end of the ultra-wideband multimode horn in sequence through a high-power combiner and a transition circular waveguide. The structure of the four-way square waveguide is a square waveguide with a cross-shaped groove formed by four square waveguides. When the radar high-power synthesis feed source is working, the cross-shaped groove is used to achieve heat dissipation by embedding a cooling water pipe. The input end of the four-way square waveguide is used to receive the transmission signals of the four high-power transmitters.

[0009] The inner cavity of the high-power combiner is a plurality of square steps with different side lengths.

[0010] The present invention also provides a design method for the radar high-power synthetic feed as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Determine the range of the square waveguide side length a of the four-way square waveguide based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; determine the range of the square waveguide spacing b of the four-way square waveguide based on the diameter of the cooling water pipe; perform modeling and simulation on the four-way square waveguide, and adjust the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b so that the return loss of the four-way square waveguide meets the preset requirements, thereby obtaining all the dimensions of the four-way square waveguide;

[0012] S2. Based on the side length a of the square waveguide and the spacing b between the square waveguides, the input end dimensions of the high-power combiner are obtained, and the high-power combiner is modeled and simulated. The reflection coefficient of the high-power combiner meets the preset requirements by adjusting the square step size and the output port diameter of the high-power combiner, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the high-power combiner. The high-power combiner whose reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements is simulated, the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the high-power combiner are analyzed, and the first S parameters of the high-order modes between the input and output ends of the high-power combiner are extracted.

[0013] S3. Determine the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker based on the output port diameter of the high-power combiner, optimize the design of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker using a pattern matching method, determine the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker, simulate the optimized ultra-wideband multimode speaker, analyze the higher-order modes within the inner cavity of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker, and extract the second S parameters of the higher-order modes of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker;

[0014] S4. Based on the generalized S-parameter cascade formula, the first S-parameter and the second S-parameter are cascaded to obtain the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed. Based on the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with the full dimensions of the four-way square waveguide, high-power synthesizer and ultra-wideband multimode horn, a radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that step S4 can be replaced by the following process:

[0016] Based on the generalized S-parameter cascade formula, the first S-parameter and the second S-parameter are cascaded to obtain the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed. The objective function is constructed with return loss, pattern equalization and low cross-polarization as the goals. The ultra-wideband multimode horn is re-optimized to obtain the full dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn after the re-optimization design. Based on the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with the four-way square waveguide, high-power combiner and the full dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn after the re-optimization design, a radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that the range of the side length a of the four-way square waveguide is determined based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal:

[0018]

[0019] is the cutoff wavelength of the square waveguide, specifically:

[0020]

[0021] in, The frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; The speed of light.

[0022] A further improvement of the present invention is that the return loss of the four-way square waveguide is made to meet the preset requirements, specifically:

[0023] The return loss of the four-way square waveguide is not less than 25 dB;

[0024] The method of making the reflection coefficient of the high power combiner meet the preset requirements is specifically as follows:

[0025] The reflection coefficient of the high power combiner does not exceed -25 dB.

[0026] A further improvement of the present invention is that the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker is determined based on the output port diameter of the high-power combiner, and the ultra-wideband multimode speaker is optimized and designed using a pattern matching method to determine the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0027] The ultra-wideband multimode horn includes an input circular waveguide connected in sequence, a discontinuous structure between the horn input waveguide aperture and the horn output aperture, and a straight waveguide portion radiating into space; the discontinuous structure is composed of a plurality of circular waveguide steps, and the discontinuity of the circular waveguide steps can generate different high-order modes;

[0028] Among them, the input port diameter of the input circular waveguide is equal to the input port diameter of the transition circular waveguide;

[0029] According to the requirements of the illumination level, the range of the output port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode horn is determined. A value is randomly selected within the range to establish a simulation model of the straight waveguide portion radiating into space, and the first generalized scattering matrix of the discontinuity between the straight waveguide portion radiating into space and free space is obtained.

[0030] The output port diameter and input port diameter of the selected ultra-wideband multimode horn are divided by several circular waveguide steps, and the second generalized scattering matrix at each circular waveguide step discontinuity is calculated using the mode matching method.

[0031] Based on the first and second generalized scattering matrices, an objective function is constructed with the goals of return loss, pattern equalization, and low cross-polarization. The circular waveguide step length is optimized to obtain several circular waveguide step lengths that meet the requirements, and the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn are determined.

[0032] The present invention also provides a design system for the radar high-power synthetic feed as described above, comprising:

[0033] The first module is configured to determine a range of a square waveguide side length a of the four-way square waveguide based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; determine a range of a square waveguide spacing b of the four-way square waveguide based on the diameter of the cooling water pipe; perform modeling and simulation on the four-way square waveguide, and adjust the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b so that the return loss of the four-way square waveguide meets preset requirements, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the four-way square waveguide;

[0034] The second module is used to obtain the input end dimensions of the high-power combiner based on the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b, perform modeling and simulation on the high-power combiner, and adjust the square step size and output port diameter of the high-power combiner so that the reflection coefficient of the high-power combiner meets the preset requirements, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the high-power combiner; simulate the high-power combiner whose reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements, analyze the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the high-power combiner, and extract the first S parameters of the high-order modes between the input and output ends of the high-power combiner;

[0035] The third module is used to determine the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker based on the output port diameter of the high-power combiner, optimize the design of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker using a pattern matching method, determine the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker, simulate the optimized ultra-wideband multimode speaker, analyze the high-order modes existing in the ultra-wideband multimode speaker's inner cavity, and extract the second S parameters of the high-order modes of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker;

[0036] The fourth module is used to cascade the first S parameter and the second S parameter based on the generalized S parameter cascade formula to obtain the S parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed. Based on the S parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with the full dimensions of the four-way square waveguide, high-power synthesizer and ultra-wideband multimode horn, a radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

[0037] The present invention also provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the design method of the radar high-power synthetic feed are implemented as described above.

[0038] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for designing a high-power synthetic feed for a radar.

[0039] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for designing a high-power synthetic feed for radar.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0041] The radar high-power synthesis feed provided by the present invention consists of four square waveguides, a high-power synthesizer, a transition circular waveguide and an ultra-wideband multimode horn. The output ends of the four square waveguides are connected to the input ends of the ultra-wideband multimode horn in sequence through the high-power synthesizer and the transition circular waveguide. This helps to achieve effective transmission and synthesis of high-power signals. Compared with conventional power synthesis feeds, it provides support for processing high-power signals. The high-power synthesizer cavity adopts a square step design with unequal side lengths, which can reduce signal reflection loss through impedance matching and improve synthesis efficiency, thereby meeting the 1MW high-power requirement of deep space exploration radar systems in the X-band.

[0042] The design method of a radar high-power synthesized feed provided by the present invention ensures that the return loss meets preset requirements, obtains the full dimensions of a four-way square waveguide, optimizes signal transmission performance, and reduces signal reflection and loss; ensures that the reflection coefficient meets preset requirements, obtains the full dimensions of a high-power synthesizer, helps ensure efficient operation of the high-power synthesizer, and reduces signal loss during the synthesis process; determines the full dimensions of an ultra-wideband multimode horn; analyzes the inner cavity higher-order modes of the high-power synthesizer and the ultra-wideband multimode horn, and extracts corresponding S parameters, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of the internal electromagnetic field distribution and signal transmission characteristics, providing strong support for further optimizing system performance; and finally, based on the full dimensions of each component, designs a radar high-power synthesized feed, enabling the radar high-power synthesized feed to meet the 1MW high-power requirement of a deep space exploration radar system in the X-band and overcome the problem of low synthesis efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, by constructing an objective function with return loss, pattern equalization and low cross-polarization as the goals, the ultra-wideband multi-mode horn is further optimized, which can more accurately control the electromagnetic performance of the radar high-power synthetic feed, help reduce signal reflections, improve the equalization of the pattern, and reduce cross-polarization, further improving the synthesis efficiency of the radar high-power synthetic feed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The drawings in the specification are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a radar high-power synthetic feed according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a radar high-power synthetic feed according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of the four-way square waveguide of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the input cross section of the high power combiner of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 The return loss diagram of the radar high-power synthetic feed designed using the method of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 6 Provides a 9.7GHz feed pattern for four high-power transmitters with equal amplitude and in-phase feeding;

[0051] Figure 7 Antenna pattern for 9.7 GHz with equal amplitude and in-phase feeding of four high-power transmitters.

[0052] Among them, 1-four-way square waveguide; 2-high power combiner; 3-transition circular waveguide; 4-ultra-wideband multimode speaker; 5-square waveguide; 6-cross groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0054] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0058] Glossary:

[0059] 1. X-band: The X-band is considered a microwave frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum, with a frequency range of 7 to 12.4 GHz and a corresponding wavelength of 3.66 to 2.42 cm. The X-band is divided into two frequency bands: downlink and uplink. The downlink frequency ranges from 7.25 to 7.75 GHz, and the uplink frequency ranges from 7.9 to 8.4 GHz. The 10.7-12.5 GHz band overlaps with the Ku-band. X-band applications include space research, broadcast satellites, fixed communications satellites, Earth exploration satellites, and meteorological satellites.

[0060] 2. High-power combiner: A combiner capable of handling and outputting power levels of kilowatts and above.

[0061] 3. Four-channel high-power transmitter: Each channel can output electromagnetic wave signals with a power of kilowatts or above.

[0062] 4. Feed: The basic component of parabolic antenna and Cassegrain antenna. It is the primary radiator of high-gain antenna, used to convert high-frequency current or bound electromagnetic waves into radiated electromagnetic wave energy. It is usually a weakly directional antenna.

[0063] 5. Waveguide: A device that transmits energy from one location to another. Waveguides come in both square and circular configurations. They confine energy within a hollow metal core, significantly reducing losses during transmission. Instead of radiating energy directly into space like an antenna, they can be used to transmit energy.

[0064] 6. Generalized S-parameters: These are scattering parameters applicable to various circuits, regardless of whether the circuits are time-harmonic or non-time-harmonic, lumped or distributed. Generalized S-parameters describe the frequency-domain characteristics of the transmission channel and can reflect information such as signal reflection, crosstalk, and loss. They are widely used in microwave circuit analysis and signal integrity, and can be directly measured using a network analyzer.

[0065] 7. E-plane and H-plane: E-plane and H-plane are two planes perpendicular to each other. E-plane refers to the plane parallel to the direction of the electric field; H-plane refers to the plane parallel to the direction of the magnetic field.

[0066] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

[0067] See also Figure 1 A radar high-power synthesis feed source includes a four-way square waveguide 1, a high-power synthesizer 2, a transition circular waveguide 3 and an ultra-wideband multimode horn 4;

[0068] The output end of the four-way square waveguide 1 is connected to the input end of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 in sequence through the high-power combiner 2 and the transition circular waveguide 3. The structure of the four-way square waveguide 1 is a square waveguide with a cross-shaped groove 6 formed by four square waveguides 5. When the radar high-power synthesis feed source is working, the cross-shaped groove 6 is used to achieve heat dissipation by embedding a cooling water pipe. The input end of the four-way square waveguide 1 is used to receive the transmission signals of the four high-power transmitters.

[0069] The inner cavity of the high-power combiner 2 is a plurality of square steps with different side lengths.

[0070] The radar high-power synthetic feed provided by the present invention is used to synthesize the signals transmitted by four high-power transmitters. The power of each of the four high-power transmitters is 250kW, totaling 1MW. The radar high-power synthetic feed is fed by four square waveguides 1, synthesized by a high-power synthesizer 2 and a transition circular waveguide 3, and finally achieves 1MW of high-power radiation through a large-aperture ultra-wideband multimode horn 4.

[0071] The heat dissipation generated by the high-power feed during operation is high. At 1MW power, the local heat flux density of the feed can reach W / The magnitude of the heat dissipation is far beyond the thermal conductivity limit of conventional heat dissipation materials (such as aluminum substrates); traditional air cooling or liquid cooling solutions are difficult to effectively extract heat, resulting in excessively high temperature gradients inside the feed source, which in turn causes problems such as material deformation, increased dielectric loss, and shortened device life. Therefore, the radar high-power synthetic feed provided by the present invention is designed with a cross-shaped groove 6. By embedding a cooling water pipe in the cross-shaped groove 6, an efficient heat dissipation channel is constructed, thereby achieving effective extraction and dissipation of feed source heat.

[0072] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a design method for a radar high-power synthetic feed as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0073] S1. Determine the range of the square waveguide side length a of the four-way square waveguide 1 based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; determine the range of the square waveguide spacing b of the four-way square waveguide 1 based on the diameter of the cooling water pipe; perform modeling and simulation on the four-way square waveguide 1, and adjust the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b so that the return loss of the four-way square waveguide 1 meets the preset requirements, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the four-way square waveguide 1;

[0074] S2. Based on the side length a of the square waveguide and the spacing b between the square waveguides, the input end dimensions of the high-power combiner 2 are obtained. The high-power combiner 2 is modeled and simulated. The reflection coefficient of the high-power combiner 2 meets the preset requirements by adjusting the square step size of the high-power combiner 2 and the output port diameter of the high-power combiner 2, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the high-power combiner 2. The high-power combiner 2 whose reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements is simulated, the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the high-power combiner 2 are analyzed, and the first S parameters of the high-order modes between the input and output ends of the high-power combiner 2 are extracted.

[0075] S3. Determine the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4 based on the output port diameter of the high-power combiner 2, optimize the design of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4 using a pattern matching method, determine the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4, simulate the optimized ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4, analyze the higher-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4, and extract the second S parameters of the higher-order modes of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4;

[0076] S4. Based on the generalized S-parameter cascade formula, the first S-parameter and the second S-parameter are cascaded to obtain the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed. Based on the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with the entire dimensions of the four-way square waveguide 1, the high-power synthesizer 2 and the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4, the radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

[0077] The design method of the radar high-power synthetic feed provided by the present invention ensures that the return loss meets the preset requirements, obtains the full dimensions of the four-way square waveguide 1, optimizes the signal transmission performance, and reduces signal reflection and loss; ensures that the reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements, obtains the full dimensions of the high-power synthesizer 2, helps to ensure the efficient operation of the high-power synthesizer 2, and reduces the signal loss during the synthesis process; determines the full dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4; analyzes the inner cavity higher-order modes of the high-power synthesizer 2 and the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4, and extracts the corresponding S parameters, so as to gain a deeper understanding of the internal electromagnetic field distribution and signal transmission characteristics, and provide strong support for further optimizing the system performance; and finally, combines the full dimensions of each component to design a radar high-power synthetic feed, so that the radar high-power synthetic feed can meet the high-power requirement of 1MW in the X-band of the deep space exploration radar system and overcome the problem of low synthesis efficiency.

[0078] The transmission signals from four high-power transmitters are fed into the input of a high-power combiner 2. Impedance matching is achieved through several square steps of varying lengths within the cavity of the combiner 2. A cascaded transition circular waveguide 3 is then connected to achieve the design of the high-power combiner 2. The large waveguide aperture of the combiner 2 allows for the presence of multiple high-order modes within the cavity, allowing for the analysis and extraction of the S parameters of each mode. The signal from the high-power combiner 2 is then fed into the input of an ultra-wideband multimode horn 4. The signal is then transmitted through the multiple circular waveguide steps of varying sizes within the horn 4 to the straight waveguide port, achieving signal radiation. The circular waveguide step transition section excites multiple high-order modes within the cavity of the horn 4. By varying the step size, the amplitude and phase of each mode conversion within the cavity of the horn 4 are further controlled, ensuring that the multimode radiation pattern arriving at the radiating port of the horn 4 is nearly uniform across the frequency band. This also ensures that the reflection coefficient at the waveguide input port is sufficiently low within the operating frequency band, completing the preliminary design of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4. The S-parameters of each of the four modes of the ultra-wideband multimode horn were extracted. The S-parameters of the high-power combiner and the ultra-wideband multimode horn were cascaded using the generalized S-parameter cascade formula to obtain the S-parameters of the radar high-power combined feed. An objective function was constructed with return loss, pattern equalization, and low cross-polarization as the goals. The circular waveguide step dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn were re-optimized, resulting in the overall dimensions of the optimized ultra-wideband multimode horn, completing the final design of the radar high-power combined feed.

[0079] Through modeling, simulation, and parameter adjustment, this method can predict and optimize system performance during the design phase, avoiding the time and cost waste associated with traditional methods. Furthermore, precise dimensional parameters and performance analysis improve design accuracy, ensuring the reliability and stability of the radar's high-power synthetic feed.

[0080] Specifically, step S4 can be replaced by the following process:

[0081] Based on the generalized S-parameter cascade formula, the first S-parameter and the second S-parameter are cascaded to obtain the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed. The objective function is constructed with the return loss, directional pattern equalization and low cross-polarization as the goals. The ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 is optimized again to obtain the full dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 after the re-optimization design. Based on the S-parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with the four-way square waveguide 1, the high-power synthesizer 2 and the full dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 after the re-optimization design, the radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

[0082] By constructing an objective function with return loss, pattern equalization and low cross-polarization as the goals, the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 is further optimized to more accurately control the electromagnetic performance of the radar high-power synthetic feed, which helps to reduce signal reflections, improve the equalization of the pattern, and reduce cross-polarization, further improving the synthesis efficiency of the radar high-power synthetic feed.

[0083] Specifically, based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal, the range of the side length a of the four-way square waveguide 1 is determined:

[0084]

[0085] is the cutoff wavelength of the square waveguide, specifically:

[0086]

[0087] in, The frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; The speed of light.

[0088] Specifically, the return loss of the four-way square waveguide 1 is made to meet the preset requirements, specifically:

[0089] The return loss of the four-way square waveguide 1 is not less than 25 dB;

[0090] The reflection coefficient of the high power combiner 2 is made to meet the preset requirements as follows:

[0091] The reflection coefficient of the high power combiner 2 does not exceed -25 dB.

[0092] Specifically, the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4 is determined based on the output port diameter of the high-power combiner 2, and the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4 is optimized and designed using a pattern matching method to determine the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4. The steps specifically include:

[0093] The ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 includes an input circular waveguide, a discontinuous structure between the horn input waveguide aperture and the horn output aperture, and a straight waveguide portion radiating into space. The discontinuous structure is composed of a plurality of circular waveguide steps. The discontinuity of the circular waveguide steps can generate different high-order modes.

[0094] The input port diameter of the input circular waveguide is equal to the input port diameter of the transition circular waveguide 3;

[0095] Determine the range of the output port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 according to the illumination level requirement, and select any value within the range to establish a simulation model of the straight waveguide portion radiating into space, and obtain a first generalized scattering matrix at the discontinuity between the straight waveguide portion radiating into space and free space; wherein the free space refers to air;

[0096] The output port diameter and the input port diameter of the selected ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 are divided by a plurality of circular waveguide steps, and the second generalized scattering matrix at each circular waveguide step discontinuity is calculated by a mode matching method;

[0097] Based on the first generalized scattering matrix and the second generalized scattering matrix, an objective function is constructed with the goals of return loss, pattern equalization, and low cross-polarization. The circular waveguide step length is optimized to obtain several circular waveguide step lengths that meet the requirements, and the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4 are determined.

[0098] The objective function constructed with return loss, pattern equalization, and low cross-polarization as the goals is:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, F cost is the objective function; 、 、 are all weight coefficients; Q is the maximum value of cross polarization; R is the maximum value of the reflection coefficient of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker; the first addend represents the reflection coefficient of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker; the second addend represents the degree of equalization of the E plane and the H plane, and the third addend represents the size of the cross polarization; S n11 (1,1) is the reflection coefficient; E Emp E is the E surface level; Hmp H-side level; Eco mp is the cross-polarization level; ∑ is the summation coincidence; N is the number of circular waveguide steps, n is the circular waveguide step index; M is the number of frequency points, m is the frequency index; P is the number of different angles, p is the angle index.

[0101] The objective function F is optimized by cost By finding the minimum value, you can get the size that meets the requirements.

[0102] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a design system for a radar high-power synthetic feed as described above, comprising:

[0103] The first module is configured to determine a range of a square waveguide side length a of the four-way square waveguide 1 based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; determine a range of a square waveguide spacing b of the four-way square waveguide 1 based on the diameter of the cooling water pipe; perform modeling and simulation on the four-way square waveguide 1, and adjust the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b so that the return loss of the four-way square waveguide 1 meets preset requirements, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the four-way square waveguide 1;

[0104] The second module is used to obtain the input end dimensions of the high-power combiner 2 based on the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b, perform modeling and simulation on the high-power combiner 2, and adjust the square step size of the high-power combiner 2 and the output port diameter of the high-power combiner 2 so that the reflection coefficient of the high-power combiner 2 meets the preset requirements, thereby obtaining the overall dimensions of the high-power combiner 2; simulate the high-power combiner 2 whose reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements, analyze the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the high-power combiner 2, and extract the first S parameters of the high-order modes between the input and output ends of the high-power combiner 2;

[0105] The third module is configured to determine the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4 based on the output port diameter of the high-power combiner 2, optimize the design of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4 using a pattern matching method, determine the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4, simulate the optimized ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4, analyze the higher-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4, and extract the second S parameters of the higher-order modes of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker 4;

[0106] The fourth module is used to cascade the first S parameter and the second S parameter based on the generalized S parameter cascade formula to obtain the S parameter of the radar high-power synthetic feed. Based on the S parameter of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with the overall dimensions of the four-way square waveguide 1, the high-power synthesizer 2 and the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4, the radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

[0107] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2 The side length of the square waveguide 5 is 18 mm, the output port diameter of the high-power synthesizer 2 is 56 mm, the output port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode horn 4, that is, the diameter of the straight waveguide part radiating into space, is 160 mm, and the total length of the radar high-power synthesis feed is 450 mm.

[0108] The full model of the radar high-power synthetic feed was modeled using CST (Computer Simulation Technology, electromagnetic field simulation software). The return loss diagram and feed pattern of the radar high-power synthetic feed were obtained through simulation. Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0109] Import the feed direction curve in the feed pattern into the antenna calculation simulation software GRASP (General Reflector Antenna Software Package) to calculate the antenna pattern. Figure 7 The antenna used is a large-aperture double-reflector Cassegrain antenna. Figure 7 The antenna radiation pattern of the four high-power transmitters with equal amplitude and in-phase feeding at 9.7 GHz shown in the figure shows that the radar high-power synthetic feed source designed by the method of the present invention has high synthesis efficiency, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna aperture can be as high as 89%, which solves the problem of low synthesis efficiency of high-power signals of the radar transmission subsystem and realizes the high-efficiency radiation characteristics of the feed source. In addition, the designed radar high-power synthetic feed source is short in length and occupies a small area.

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of a method for designing a high-power synthetic feed for a radar are implemented. The memory may include internal memory, such as a high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk drive. The processor, network interface, and memory are interconnected via an internal bus, which may be an industrial standard architecture bus, a peripheral component interconnect standard bus, an extended industrial standard architecture bus, or the like. The bus may be classified as an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, or the like. The memory is used to store programs. Specifically, the programs may include program code, which includes computer operating instructions. The memory may include both internal memory and non-volatile memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0111] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the radar high-power synthetic feed design method. Specifically, the computer-readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include RAM (Random Access Memory) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include ROM (Read Only Memory), a hard disk, flash memory, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, etc.

[0112] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer device, the computer device executes the steps of the above-mentioned radar high-power synthetic feed design method.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROMs (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0114] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0115] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0116] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments listed above are merely one or more specific manifestations of the technical solution of the present invention. Their purpose is to clearly illustrate the concept, principles, and application of the present invention through specific examples, and is in no way intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention to these specific embodiments. In fact, the true value of this invention lies in its technical ideas and innovations, not in its form of expression or implementation.

[0118] For ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field, after thoroughly reading and understanding the technical solutions of the present invention, they are fully capable of making various forms of changes, modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific implementation methods of the invention based on their own professional knowledge and skills. These changes may include but are not limited to: adjusting the value range of technical parameters, optimizing algorithm processes to improve efficiency, replacing some technical components to achieve better compatibility or reduce costs, etc. As long as these modified technical solutions still substantially maintain the technical features claimed for protection by the original invention, that is, they can still achieve the core functions and effects of the present invention, then these changes should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

[0119] Furthermore, with the continuous advancement and development of technology, new technical means and methods continue to emerge, providing ample room for further improvement and perfection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should also include reasonably foreseeable improvements and extensions based on existing technologies. As long as these improvements and extensions do not deviate from the basic principles and core concepts of the present invention, they should be considered equivalent to the present invention and equally protected by patent rights.

Claims

1. A radar high-power synthetic feed, characterized in that: It includes a four-way square waveguide (1), a high-power synthesizer (2), a transition circular waveguide (3) and an ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4); The output end of the four-way square waveguide (1) is connected to the input end of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) in sequence through the high-power synthesizer (2) and the transition circular waveguide (3). The structure of the four-way square waveguide (1) is a square waveguide with a cross-shaped groove (6) formed by four square waveguides (5). When the radar high-power synthesis feed source is working, the cross-shaped groove (6) is used to achieve heat dissipation by embedding a cooling water pipe. The input end of the four-way square waveguide (1) is used to receive the transmission signal of the four-way high-power transmitter; The inner cavity of the high-power combiner (2) is a plurality of square steps with different side lengths.

2. A design method for a radar high-power synthetic feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal, determine the range of the square waveguide side length a of the four-way square waveguide (1); based on the diameter of the cooling water pipe, determine the range of the square waveguide spacing b of the four-way square waveguide (1); model and simulate the four-way square waveguide (1), and by adjusting the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b, make the return loss of the four-way square waveguide (1) meet the preset requirements, and obtain the full size of the four-way square waveguide (1); S2. Based on the side length a of the square waveguide and the spacing b of the square waveguide, the input end size of the high-power combiner (2) is obtained, and the high-power combiner (2) is modeled and simulated. By adjusting the square step size of the high-power combiner (2) and the output port diameter of the high-power combiner (2), the reflection coefficient of the high-power combiner (2) meets the preset requirements, and the entire size of the high-power combiner (2) is obtained; the high-power combiner (2) whose reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements is simulated, the high-order mode existing in the inner cavity of the high-power combiner (2) is analyzed, and the first S parameter of the high-order mode between the input end and the output end of the high-power combiner (2) is extracted; S3. According to the output port diameter of the high-power synthesizer (2), the total size of the transition circular waveguide (3) and the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) are determined, the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) is optimized by using a mode matching method, the total size of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) is determined, the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) after the optimized design is simulated, the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) are analyzed, and the second S parameters of the high-order modes of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) are extracted; S4. Based on the generalized S parameter cascade formula, the first S parameter and the second S parameter are cascaded to obtain the S parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed. Based on the S parameters of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with all the dimensions of the four-way square waveguide (1), the high-power synthesizer (2), the transition circular waveguide (3) and the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4), the radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

3. The design method of a radar high-power synthetic feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S4 can be replaced by the following process: Based on the generalized S parameter cascade formula, the first S parameter and the second S parameter are cascaded to obtain the S parameter of the radar high-power synthetic feed. The objective function is constructed with the return loss, directional pattern equalization and low cross-polarization as the goals. The ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) is optimized again to obtain the full size of the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) after the optimization design. Based on the S parameter of the radar high-power synthetic feed, the radar high-power synthetic feed is designed by combining the four-way square waveguide (1), the high-power synthesizer (2) and the full size of the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) after the optimization design.

4. The design method of a radar high-power synthetic feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The range of the side length a of the four-way square waveguide (1) is determined based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal: is the cutoff wavelength of the square waveguide, specifically: in, The frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; The speed of light.

5. The design method of a radar high-power synthetic feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The return loss of the four-way square waveguide (1) is made to meet the preset requirements, specifically: The return loss of the four-way square waveguide (1) is not less than 25 dB; The method of making the reflection coefficient of the high power combiner (2) meet the preset requirements is specifically as follows: The reflection coefficient of the high power combiner (2) does not exceed -25 dB.

6. The design method of a radar high-power synthetic feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of determining the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) based on the output port diameter of the high-power synthesizer (2), optimizing the design of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) using a pattern matching method, and determining the overall dimensions of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) specifically includes the following steps: The ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) comprises an input circular waveguide, a discontinuous structure between the horn input waveguide aperture and the horn output aperture, and a straight waveguide portion radiating into space, which are connected in sequence. The discontinuous structure is composed of a plurality of circular waveguide steps, and different high-order modes can be generated by utilizing the discontinuity of the circular waveguide steps. Wherein, the input port diameter of the input circular waveguide is equal to the input port diameter of the transition circular waveguide (3); According to the requirements of the illumination level, the range of the output port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) is determined, and a value is randomly selected within the range to establish a simulation model of the straight waveguide portion radiating into space, and obtain the first generalized scattering matrix of the discontinuity between the straight waveguide portion radiating into space and the free space; The output port diameter of the selected ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) and the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4) are divided by a plurality of circular waveguide steps, and a second generalized scattering matrix at each circular waveguide step discontinuity is calculated by a mode matching method; According to the first generalized scattering matrix and the second generalized scattering matrix, an objective function is constructed with return loss, pattern equalization and low cross polarization as the goals, the circular waveguide step length is optimized, and several circular waveguide step lengths that meet the requirements are obtained to determine the overall size of the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4).

7. A design system for a radar high-power synthetic feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: include: The first module is used to determine the range of the square waveguide side length a of the four-way square waveguide (1) based on the frequency of the X-band transmitted signal; determine the range of the square waveguide spacing b of the four-way square waveguide (1) based on the diameter of the cooling water pipe; model and simulate the four-way square waveguide (1), and adjust the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b so that the return loss of the four-way square waveguide (1) meets the preset requirements, thereby obtaining the entire size of the four-way square waveguide (1); The second module is used to obtain the input end size of the high-power combiner (2) based on the square waveguide side length a and the square waveguide spacing b, perform modeling and simulation on the high-power combiner (2), adjust the square step size of the high-power combiner (2) and the output port diameter of the high-power combiner (2), so that the reflection coefficient of the high-power combiner (2) meets the preset requirements, and obtain the entire size of the high-power combiner (2); simulate the high-power combiner (2) whose reflection coefficient meets the preset requirements, analyze the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the high-power combiner (2), and extract the first S parameter of the high-order mode between the input end and the output end of the high-power combiner (2); The third module is used to determine the input port diameter of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) based on the output port diameter of the high-power synthesizer (2), optimize the design of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) using a pattern matching method, determine the overall size of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4), simulate the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4) after the optimized design, analyze the high-order modes existing in the inner cavity of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4), and extract the second S parameter of the high-order mode of the ultra-wideband multimode speaker (4); The fourth module is used to cascade the first S parameter and the second S parameter based on the generalized S parameter cascade formula to obtain the S parameter of the radar high-power synthetic feed. Based on the S parameter of the radar high-power synthetic feed, combined with all the dimensions of the four-way square waveguide (1), the high-power synthesizer (2) and the ultra-wideband multimode horn (4), the radar high-power synthetic feed is designed.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the design method of the radar high-power synthetic feed according to any one of claims 2 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the design method of the radar high-power synthetic feed according to any one of claims 2 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for designing a radar high-power synthetic feed as described in any one of claims 2 to 6 are implemented.

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