Method and system for transferring load along faulty distribution network branch lines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a load transfer method and system along a fault line of a distribution network branch line, which relates to the field of load transfer technology, including: real-time collection of voltage and current data of the distribution network, positioning the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the tripping of the nearest upstream and downstream segment switches to isolate the fault section; taking the first segment switch downstream of the fault point as the starting point, building a multi-layer topology structure; based on the available upstream segment switches, calculating the electrical distance path, screening candidate switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints, and selecting the segment switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the total load demand as the main transfer source; when the capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, calculating the capacity gap, selecting the suboptimal segment switch, and forming a parallel transfer path of the main transfer source and the suboptimal switch. The advantages of the present invention are: by accurately positioning the fault point, building a multi-layer topology structure and intelligently selecting the transfer source, the load can be transferred quickly and reliably, thereby improving the emergency response capability of the distribution network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of load transfer, and in particular to a method and system for load transfer along a faulty branch line of a distribution network. Background Art

[0002] Load transfer along distribution network branch line faults is an important means of ensuring power supply continuity in the event of a distribution network failure. With the expansion of power systems and the increase in load demand, the reliability and stability of distribution networks have become increasingly important. Branch line failures can cause some users to lose power, impacting daily life and industrial production. Therefore, rapid and effective load transfer has become a key technical means to improve distribution network reliability.

[0003] Current methods and systems for transferring loads along faulty distribution network branches rely on simple fault detection and switch control, lacking precise fault location and intelligent load transfer decision-making. Traditional methods often rely on fixed pattern recognition or are based solely on local current and voltage changes when locating the fault point, and may not be able to achieve efficient and accurate fault isolation in complex topologies. Secondly, existing solutions are often unable to dynamically evaluate and adjust load transfer paths. When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, there is a lack of effective mechanisms to select suboptimal switches and dynamically adjust load distribution. As a result, when load overload or load fluctuation occurs, the system may not be able to respond in a timely manner, which can easily cause system instability or expand the scope of power outages. In addition, traditional methods rely too much on manual configuration or preset paths in topology construction, lacking flexibility and intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve existing methods and systems, a method and system for load transfer along a distribution network branch line fault is provided. This method ensures rapid and reliable load transfer by accurately locating the fault point, building a multi-layer topology structure, and intelligently selecting the transfer source, thereby improving the emergency response capability and system stability of the distribution network.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The load transfer method along the faulty distribution network branch line includes:

[0007] Collect distribution network fault information data in real time, locate the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and control the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to trip, forming a fault isolation section;

[0008] Based on the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, a multi-layer topology is constructed downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes a sectionalizing switch and a set of directly connected load nodes until the end of the branch line.

[0009] Based on all available segment switches upstream of the current layer, the electrical distance path from each segment switch to the segment switch at the current layer is obtained, and the segment switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints are screened to form a candidate set;

[0010] Based on the electrical distance paths of each section switch in the candidate set, the section switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance is selected as the main transfer source;

[0011] When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, the capacity gap is calculated, and the suboptimal section switch is selected from the candidate set to generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal tie switch.

[0012] Preferably, the real-time collection of distribution network fault information data, locating the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the tripping of upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to form a fault isolation section specifically include:

[0013] Based on sensor equipment at key locations of the distribution network, the voltage and current data on the distribution lines are monitored in real time;

[0014] Based on the acquired voltage and current data, the specific location of the fault is determined by comparing the time and frequency domain characteristics of the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault and the topology of the distribution network. The difference is compared using multi-point data.

[0015] Based on the location of the fault point, according to single-phase faults and multi-phase faults, the section switch closest to the fault point is controlled to trip to form a fault isolation section.

[0016] Preferably, the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point is used as the starting node, and a multi-layer topology is constructed downstream along the branch line, wherein each layer includes a sectionalizing switch and a set of directly connected load nodes, until the end of the branch line specifically includes:

[0017] Based on the location of the fault point, a multi-layer topology is constructed by taking the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node of the topology structure.

[0018] Based on the starting node, the load nodes directly connected to it are listed as the node set of the level;

[0019] Based on the downstream expansion topology of the distribution network branch line, the sectionalizer directly connected to the node of the previous layer is obtained as the starting point to continue expanding downstream, and the load nodes directly connected to the sectionalizer are listed;

[0020] Build the topology at each level until you reach the end of the branch line;

[0021] Confirm and correct the multi-layer topology structure after it is built to ensure its accuracy.

[0022] Preferably, the acquiring of the electrical distance path from each segment switch to the segment switch at the current level based on all available segment switches upstream of the current level, and screening the segment switches satisfying the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set specifically includes:

[0023] Obtain all segment switches before the current layer through a multi-layer topology structure, and determine whether they are available based on the status of each segment switch;

[0024] Based on all available sectionalizing switches, obtain their position data, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to obtain the electrical distance path from each available sectionalizing switch to the sectionalizing switch at the current level;

[0025] Screening each available segment switch for which electrical paths are connected to the segment switches of the current level and current can be transmitted through these paths;

[0026] A candidate set is formed based on segment switches that satisfy topological connectivity constraints.

[0027] Preferably, the selecting of the sectionalizer that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main transfer source based on the electrical distance paths of the sectionalizers in the candidate set specifically includes:

[0028] Obtain the load demand data of each node when the distribution network is not faulty;

[0029] Based on the load demand data of each node, select the section switches that can meet the total load demand of the current layer from the candidate set;

[0030] Based on each segment switch in the candidate set, the electrical distance path to each load node in the current layer is calculated through the topology of the distribution network;

[0031] Based on the calculation results of the electrical distance, the section switches in the candidate set are sorted from shortest to longest distance, and the section switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the load demand is selected as the main transfer source.

[0032] Preferably, when the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, calculating the capacity gap, selecting a suboptimal sectionalizing switch from the candidate set, and generating a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal tie switch specifically include:

[0033] Monitor the load status of the main transfer source in real time and calculate the capacity gap of the main transfer source when the total load demand changes abnormally;

[0034] Based on the size of the capacity gap, the sectionalizing switches in the candidate set are screened to obtain candidate sectionalizing switches whose available capacity can meet the gap requirements and whose electrical distance from the candidate switch to the main transfer source is short;

[0035] generating a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal section switch based on the obtained suboptimal section switch as a supplementary source;

[0036] Based on the capacity gap and the capacity capabilities of the parallel paths, the load of each path is dynamically allocated.

[0037] Furthermore, a load transfer system along the faulty distribution network branch line is proposed, including:

[0038] Fault location module: The fault location module is used to collect voltage and current data of the distribution network in real time, and accurately locate the fault point through voltage and current waveform analysis and multi-point difference comparison;

[0039] Section switch control module: The section switch control module controls the tripping of the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point according to the location of the fault point, forming a fault isolation section to ensure the safe isolation of the fault area;

[0040] Topology construction module: The topology construction module takes the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node and constructs a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line until the end of the branch line;

[0041] Electrical path and screening module: The electrical path and screening module obtains the electrical distance path from the upstream segment switch to the current layer segment switch according to the Dijkstra algorithm and performs screening;

[0042] Main transfer source selection module: The main transfer source selection module selects the one with the shortest electrical distance and the ability to meet the total load demand as the main transfer source based on the electrical distance path and load demand of each section switch;

[0043] Suboptimal sectionalizing switch module: When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, the suboptimal sectionalizing switch module calculates the capacity gap, obtains the suboptimal sectionalizing switch, forms a parallel transfer path, and dynamically adjusts the load distribution;

[0044] Processor: The processor is used to process the calculation process of each formula and the construction calculation process of each model.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0046] By collecting real-time voltage and current data, combined with voltage and current waveform analysis and topology, this method can accurately locate fault points and rapidly respond to them, ensuring fault isolation and system safety in the distribution network. Secondly, a multi-layer topology-based construction method effectively identifies the relationship between each segmented switch and its connected load nodes, ensuring the feasibility and accuracy of load transfer paths. The Dijkstra algorithm calculates electrical distances and selects the optimal transfer source. When the primary transfer source's capacity is insufficient, a suboptimal switch is dynamically selected to form a parallel transfer path, ensuring balanced load distribution and system stability. This method not only improves the efficiency and reliability of load transfer but also enhances the distribution network's fault tolerance through intelligent load distribution adjustments, reducing the duration and scope of power outages caused by faults and enhancing the system's resilience and emergency response capabilities. Furthermore, this method optimizes resource utilization, minimizes equipment load pressure in the distribution network, and ensures the grid's continued stable operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the load transfer method along a distribution network branch line fault proposed by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A flow chart of forming a fault isolation section proposed by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A flowchart of the multi-layer topology structure of the component proposed by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 A flowchart of forming a candidate set proposed by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of screening the main transfer source proposed by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 A flow chart of generating a parallel power transfer path proposed by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the architecture of the electronic equipment in this solution;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the computer-readable storage medium structure in this solution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and those skilled in the art may conceive of other obvious variations.

[0056] The load transfer system along the fault line of the distribution network branch line includes:

[0057] Fault location module: The fault location module is used to collect voltage and current data of the distribution network in real time, and accurately locate the fault point through voltage and current waveform analysis and multi-point difference comparison;

[0058] Section switch control module: The section switch control module controls the tripping of the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point according to the location of the fault point, forming a fault isolation section to ensure the safe isolation of the fault area;

[0059] Topology construction module: The topology construction module takes the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node and constructs a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line until the end of the branch line;

[0060] Electrical path and screening module: The electrical path and screening module obtains the electrical distance path from the upstream segment switch to the current layer segment switch according to the Dijkstra algorithm and performs screening;

[0061] Main transfer source selection module: The main transfer source selection module selects the one with the shortest electrical distance and the ability to meet the total load demand as the main transfer source based on the electrical distance path and load demand of each section switch;

[0062] Suboptimal sectionalizing switch module: When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, the suboptimal sectionalizing switch module calculates the capacity gap, obtains the suboptimal sectionalizing switch, forms a parallel transfer path, and dynamically adjusts the load distribution;

[0063] Processor: The processor is used to process the calculation process of each formula and the construction calculation process of each model.

[0064] See Figure 1 As shown in FIG, the load transfer method along the faulty branch line of the distribution network includes:

[0065] Step 1: Real-time collection of distribution network fault information data, locating the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the tripping of upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to form a fault isolation section;

[0066] Step 2: Based on the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, a multi-layer topology is constructed downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes the sectionalizing switch and its directly connected load nodes until the end of the branch line.

[0067] Step 3: Based on all available segment switches upstream of the current layer, obtain the electrical distance path from each segment switch to the segment switch at the current layer, and select segment switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints to form a candidate set;

[0068] Step 4: Based on the electrical distance paths of each section switch in the candidate set, select the section switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main transfer source;

[0069] Step 5: When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, calculate the capacity gap, select the suboptimal sectionalizing switch from the candidate set, and generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal tie switch.

[0070] See Figure 2 As shown, real-time collection of distribution network fault information data, locating the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the tripping of upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to form a fault isolation section specifically include:

[0071] Based on sensor equipment at key locations of the distribution network, the voltage and current data on the distribution lines are monitored in real time;

[0072] Based on the acquired voltage and current data, the specific location of the fault is determined by comparing the time and frequency domain characteristics of the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault and the topology of the distribution network. The difference is compared using multi-point data.

[0073] Based on the location of the fault point, according to single-phase faults and multi-phase faults, the section switch closest to the fault point is controlled to trip to form a fault isolation section.

[0074] Specifically, the voltage and current data of the distribution line are collected in real time, and the differences in the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault are compared. For the waveforms during normal operation, the instantaneous voltage and current amplitudes and waveform shapes can be calculated. After a fault occurs, the waveform will change dramatically;

[0075] Typically, a single-phase fault affects only one power supply line. Once a single-phase fault is detected, the faulty line can be determined by calculating the difference in data from each sensor. The faulty area can then be isolated from the normal power supply area using the sectionalizer closest to the fault point.

[0076] According to the determined fault location, the section switch is controlled to trip and isolate the fault section. At this time, the current path is controlled by tripping to protect other normally operating parts of the distribution network.

[0077] See Figure 3 As shown in the figure, based on the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, a multi-layer topology is constructed downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes a sectionalizing switch and a set of directly connected load nodes until the end of the branch line, specifically including:

[0078] Based on the location of the fault point, a multi-layer topology is constructed by taking the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node of the topology structure.

[0079] Based on the starting node, the load nodes directly connected to it are listed as the node set of the level;

[0080] Based on the downstream expansion topology of the distribution network branch line, the sectionalizer directly connected to the node of the previous layer is obtained as the starting point to continue expanding downstream, and the load nodes directly connected to the sectionalizer are listed;

[0081] Build the topology at each level until you reach the end of the branch line;

[0082] Confirm and correct the multi-layer topology structure after it is built to ensure its accuracy.

[0083] Specifically, once the first sectionalizer is determined, the next step is to list the load nodes directly connected to the sectionalizer. Load nodes are usually loads in the distribution network, and the current and voltage of these nodes are affected by the downstream circuits.

[0084] The first layer of the topology is the subnetwork formed by the first segment switch and the set of load nodes directly connected to it. The topology is built layer by layer in a recursive manner. The topology of each layer consists of segment switches and load nodes directly connected to the nodes in the previous layer.

[0085] The node set of the current level is (node ​​set of layer i), for each node , determine the node and the downstream segment switch Is there a connection? If so, go to the next topology layer. For each segment switch , lists the load nodes directly connected to it and add these load nodes to the next level In the formula, it is expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] in, For segment switches The set of load nodes directly connected to it ;

[0088] Each time the topology is expanded, it should be noted that the node set of each layer of the topology should consist of the load nodes that can be reached by the node set of the previous layer through the segment switches. This recursive process is continued layer by layer until the end of the branch line is reached, that is, there are no more segment switches or load nodes connected.

[0089] After the multi-layer topology structure is constructed, the final topology structure needs to be confirmed and corrected to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the structure.

[0090] See Figure 4 As shown in the figure, based on all available segment switches upstream of the current layer, the electrical distance path from each segment switch to the segment switch at the current layer is obtained, and the segment switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints are screened to form a candidate set, which specifically includes:

[0091] Obtain all segment switches before the current layer through a multi-layer topology structure, and determine whether they are available based on the status of each segment switch;

[0092] Based on all available sectionalizing switches, obtain their position data, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to obtain the electrical distance path from each available sectionalizing switch to the sectionalizing switch at the current level;

[0093] Screening each available segment switch for which electrical paths are connected to the segment switches of the current level and current can be transmitted through these paths;

[0094] A candidate set is formed based on segment switches that satisfy topological connectivity constraints.

[0095] Specifically, all the sectionalizers before the current layer are obtained through the constructed distribution network topology. Each sectionalizer is in different states, including normal, faulty, and tripped. The available sectionalizers are selected based on their states.

[0096] For each available segment switch, the electrical distance from the segment switch to the current level is calculated using the Dijkstra algorithm, which is simplified to the cable length, load distribution, and transmission impedance in the network topology;

[0097] The basic principle of the Dijkstra algorithm is to continuously select the node with the current shortest path and update the distance values ​​of other nodes connected to it until all nodes are traversed. The formula is:

[0098]

[0099] in, is the i-th segment switch, The current level segment switch, is the sectionalizer connected to the current sectionalizer, For segment switches arrive Electrical distance;

[0100] Screening the sectionalizers by checking the electrical path connectivity, i.e. checking whether there is an effective path between the two sectionalizers and the current passability, i.e. checking whether the current can propagate smoothly on the path;

[0101] Through the above steps, segmented switches that meet the topological connectivity constraints and through which current can pass are screened out to form a candidate set.

[0102] See Figure 5 As shown in FIG, based on the electrical distance path of each section switch in the candidate set, the section switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance is selected as the main transfer source. Specifically, the following steps are performed:

[0103] Obtain the load demand data of each node when the distribution network is not faulty;

[0104] Based on the load demand data of each node, select the section switches that can meet the total load demand of the current layer from the candidate set;

[0105] Based on each segment switch in the candidate set, the electrical distance path to each load node in the current layer is calculated through the topology of the distribution network;

[0106] Based on the calculation results of the electrical distance, the section switches in the candidate set are sorted from shortest to longest distance, and the section switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the load demand is selected as the main transfer source.

[0107] Specifically, when the distribution network is operating normally, the load demand data of each load node is obtained. The candidate set contains all available section switches, which may be connected to different load nodes. In the current layer, the section switch that can meet the total load demand of the current layer is selected;

[0108] For each candidate sectionalizer, calculate whether it can meet the load demand of the current layer. The load supply capacity of the sectionalizer is obtained by the rated current or rated power of the system. For each candidate sectionalizer, if its load supply capacity meets the total load demand of the current layer, it is considered to be able to meet the load demand and enters the filtered set.

[0109] The electrical distances from these section switches to the current load node are obtained by calculating the topological structure of the distribution network, and the candidate section switches are sorted according to the size of the electrical distances, and the section switch with the shortest electrical distance is selected as the main transfer source.

[0110] See Figure 6 As shown in the figure, when the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, the capacity gap is calculated, and the suboptimal section switch is selected from the candidate set to generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal tie switch. Specifically, the following steps are involved:

[0111] Monitor the load status of the main transfer source in real time and calculate the capacity gap of the main transfer source when the total load demand changes abnormally;

[0112] Based on the size of the capacity gap, the sectionalizing switches in the candidate set are screened to obtain candidate sectionalizing switches whose available capacity can meet the gap requirements and whose electrical distance from the candidate switch to the main transfer source is short;

[0113] generating a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal section switch based on the obtained suboptimal section switch as a supplementary source;

[0114] Based on the capacity gap and the capacity capabilities of the parallel paths, the load of each path is dynamically allocated.

[0115] Specifically, when the load demand changes abnormally, the current total load demand, the rated capacity of the main transfer source, and the current load of the main transfer source are obtained, and the difference between the current capacity of the main transfer source and the total load demand, i.e., the capacity gap, is calculated;

[0116] Select a sectionalizer that can meet the shortfall requirement from the candidate set. The available capacity of the sectionalizer is greater than or equal to the shortfall requirement, and the electrical distance from the sectionalizer to the main power source is short, ensuring the efficiency of the power supply path.

[0117] Based on the selected suboptimal sectionalizing switches, a parallel transfer path is generated between the main transfer source and the suboptimal sectionalizing switches. This parallel path can share the load and enhance the reliability and stability of power supply.

[0118] Based on the capacity gap and the capacity of the parallel path, the load is dynamically distributed between the main transfer source and the suboptimal section switch. The dynamic distribution of the load needs to ensure that the load on the two paths does not exceed their maximum carrying capacity and the total load demand is met.

[0119] Furthermore, the method according to the embodiment of the present application can also be used with the aid of Figure 7 The electronic device architecture shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 500 may include a bus 501, one or more CPUs 502, a read-only memory (ROM) 503, a random access memory (RAM) 504, a communication port 505 connected to a network, an input / output component 506, a hard disk 507, etc. The storage device in the electronic device 500, such as the ROM 503 or the hard disk 507, may store the load transfer method and system along the fault line of the distribution network branch line provided by the present application. The electronic device 500 may also include a terminal interface 508. Of course, Figure 7 The architecture shown is only exemplary and can be omitted according to actual needs when implementing different devices. Figure 7 One or more components of an electronic device are shown.

[0120] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the computer-readable storage medium structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8As shown, a computer-readable storage medium 600 according to one embodiment of the present application is shown. Computer-readable instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium 600. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the method and system for transferring loads along a fault line of a distribution network branch line according to an embodiment of the present application described with reference to the above figures can be executed. The storage medium 600 includes, but is not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and cache memory. Non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, etc.

[0121] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present invention are described above is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of this specification are provided. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential sequence shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0122] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0123] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transferring loads along a distribution network branch line fault, characterized in that: include: Collect distribution network fault information data in real time, locate the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and control the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to trip, forming a fault isolation section; Based on the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node, a multi-layer topology is constructed downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes a sectionalizing switch and a set of directly connected load nodes until the end of the branch line. Obtain all segment switches before the current layer through a multi-layer topology structure, and determine whether they are available based on the status of each segment switch; Based on all available sectionalizing switches, obtain their position data, and use the Dijkstra algorithm to obtain the electrical distance path from each available sectionalizing switch to the sectionalizing switch at the current level; Screening each available segment switch for which electrical paths are connected to the segment switches of the current level and current can be transmitted through these paths; Form a candidate set based on segment switches that satisfy topological connectivity constraints; Based on the electrical distance paths of each section switch in the candidate set, the section switch that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance is selected as the main transfer source; When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, the capacity gap is calculated, and the suboptimal section switch is selected from the candidate set to generate a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal tie switch.

2. The method for transferring loads along a distribution network branch line fault according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time collection of distribution network fault information data, locating the branch line fault point based on voltage and current mutation characteristics, and controlling the tripping of upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point to form a fault isolation section specifically include: Based on sensor equipment at key locations of the distribution network, the voltage and current data on the distribution lines are monitored in real time; Based on the acquired voltage and current data, the specific location of the fault is determined by comparing the time and frequency domain characteristics of the voltage and current waveforms before and after the fault and the topology of the distribution network. The difference is compared using multi-point data. Based on the location of the fault point, according to single-phase faults and multi-phase faults, the section switch closest to the fault point is controlled to trip to form a fault isolation section.

3. The method for transferring loads along a faulty branch line of a distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point is used as the starting node, and a multi-layer topology is constructed downstream along the branch line. Each layer includes a sectionalizing switch and a set of directly connected load nodes, until the end of the branch line specifically includes: Based on the location of the fault point, a multi-layer topology is constructed by taking the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node of the topology structure. Based on the starting node, the load nodes directly connected to it are listed as the node set of the level; Based on the downstream expansion topology of the distribution network branch line, the sectionalizer directly connected to the node of the previous layer is obtained as the starting point to continue expanding downstream, and the load nodes directly connected to the sectionalizer are listed; Build the topology at each level until you reach the end of the branch line; Confirm and correct the multi-layer topology structure after it is built to ensure its accuracy.

4. The method for transferring loads along a faulty branch line of a distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of selecting the sectionalizer that meets the total load demand of the current layer and has the shortest electrical distance as the main transfer source based on the electrical distance paths of the sectionalizers in the candidate set specifically includes: Obtain the load demand data of each node when the distribution network is not faulty; Based on the load demand data of each node, select the section switches that can meet the total load demand of the current layer from the candidate set; Based on each segment switch in the candidate set, the electrical distance path to each load node in the current layer is calculated through the topology of the distribution network; Based on the calculation results of the electrical distance, the section switches in the candidate set are sorted from shortest to longest distance, and the section switch with the shortest electrical distance and meeting the load demand is selected as the main transfer source.

5. The method for transferring loads along a faulty branch line of a distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, calculating the capacity gap, selecting a suboptimal sectionalizing switch from the candidate set, and generating a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal tie switch specifically include: Monitor the load status of the main transfer source in real time and calculate the capacity gap of the main transfer source when the total load demand changes abnormally; Based on the size of the capacity gap, the sectionalizing switches in the candidate set are screened to obtain candidate sectionalizing switches whose available capacity can meet the gap requirements and whose electrical distance from the candidate switch to the main transfer source is short; generating a parallel transfer path between the main transfer source and the suboptimal section switch based on the obtained suboptimal section switch as a supplementary source; Based on the capacity gap and the capacity capabilities of the parallel paths, the load of each path is dynamically allocated.

6. A load transfer system along a distribution network branch line fault, used to implement the load transfer method along a distribution network branch line fault as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Fault location module: The fault location module is used to collect voltage and current data of the distribution network in real time, and accurately locate the fault point through voltage and current waveform analysis and multi-point difference comparison; Section switch control module: The section switch control module controls the tripping of the upstream and downstream section switches closest to the fault point according to the location of the fault point, forming a fault isolation section to ensure the safe isolation of the fault area; Topology construction module: The topology construction module takes the first sectionalizing switch downstream of the fault point as the starting node and constructs a multi-layer topology structure downstream along the branch line until the end of the branch line; Electrical path and screening module: The electrical path and screening module obtains the electrical distance path from the upstream segment switch to the current layer segment switch according to the Dijkstra algorithm and performs screening; Main transfer source selection module: The main transfer source selection module selects the one with the shortest electrical distance and the ability to meet the total load demand as the main transfer source based on the electrical distance path and load demand of each section switch; Suboptimal sectionalizing switch module: When the remaining capacity of the main transfer source is insufficient, the suboptimal sectionalizing switch module calculates the capacity gap, obtains the suboptimal sectionalizing switch, forms a parallel transfer path, and dynamically adjusts the load distribution; Processor: The processor is used to process the calculation process of each formula and the construction calculation process of each model.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the load transfer method along a distribution network branch line fault as described in any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions, characterized in that: When the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, a method for transferring loads along a distribution network branch line fault is implemented as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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