Composite power supply scheduling method based on small wind and light power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite power supply scheduling method based on small wind and light power generation. According to different characteristics of wind power generation and solar power generation under different weather conditions, a proposed energy supply scheduling algorithm establishes real-time monitoring by monitoring voltage values of the wind power generation and the solar power generation, and energy supply switching of the wind power generation and the solar power generation is realized through a fuzzy algorithm. The device can be well suitable for equipment and facilities which need to work outdoors for a long time. Through an innovative scheduling algorithm, intelligent complementary utilization of wind power and solar energy is realized, and stable power supply of the water and soil conservation and meteorological monitoring system is ensured. The technology has important economic and social values when applied to the field of new energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy technologies, and particularly to a composite scheduling method based on small-scale wind and solar power generation, which is used to assist in determining whether to preferentially use the output of a small wind turbine or the output of a solar panel under different meteorological conditions to optimize the power supply of the soil and water conservation and meteorological monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional wind-solar power generation systems usually rely on a single energy form (such as wind or solar energy), which may lead to unstable energy supply under specific meteorological conditions. Especially in the soil and water conservation and meteorological monitoring systems, reliable power supply is crucial for the continuous operation of the system. Existing scheduling algorithms often cannot effectively utilize the complementarity of multiple energy forms, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency.

[0003] It is mentioned in publicly reported materials or documents that two or more energy supply methods are adopted. However, for the specific application scenario of field monitoring, wind power and photovoltaic power are just energy supply technologies with strong complementarity. And currently existing various composite power supply methods do not have the means to monitor the weather at the minute level and quickly switch dynamically between functional modes, so it is somewhat insufficient in terms of functional efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a composite scheduling algorithm based on small-scale wind and solar power generation, aiming to intelligently select the optimal energy output method by combining the outputs of solar sensors, rainfall sensors, and wind speed sensors to ensure stable power supply for the soil and water conservation and meteorological monitoring system.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A composite power supply scheduling method for small-scale wind and solar power generation, the method comprising the following steps: (1) Real-time monitor the real-time voltage values of wind power and photovoltaic power, and establish statistical values for the data in the past ten minutes, including the maximum voltage value, minimum voltage value, average voltage value, and median voltage value of wind power and photovoltaic power in the past 10 minutes; wherein, the voltage value is measured and recorded for the voltage values of the two energy supply channels of wind power and photovoltaic power every 1 second, and a total of 600 values are recorded for each in 10 minutes; the maximum wind power voltage value is the maximum value among the 600 values measured for wind power, the minimum wind power voltage value is the minimum value among the 600 values measured for wind power voltage, the average wind power voltage value is the average of the 600 values measured for wind power voltage, and the median wind power voltage value is the median of the 600 values measured for wind power voltage; (2) Use a sunshine sensor and a wind speed sensor as the main judgment basis, and use the median voltage values of wind power generation and solar power generation as the auxiliary judgment criterion to achieve the switching between wind power generation and solar power generation; (3) Adopt a predetermined scheduling method logic to implement a switching mechanism for wind power or photovoltaic power supply with a time granularity of the order of minutes; (4) Add a frame header and a checksum to the relevant data in the specified format to form a data frame, and transmit it to the background server at a frequency of once per hour for statistics and parameter verification. The data is sent to the background server through a 4G cellular network or a private network line, and the data is transmitted in the format of binary data.

[0006] In step (3), the judgment basis of the scheduling method is as follows in sequence: a. If the wind speed exceeds 5 m / s, adopt a wind power priority supply strategy; b. If the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s and the output value of the sunlight sensor exceeds 20000 Lux, adopt a photovoltaic power priority energy supply strategy; c. If the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s and the output value of the sunlight sensor does not exceed 20000 Lux, use the median voltage value of wind power and photovoltaic power as the judgment basis: when the median voltage value during the corresponding time period of wind power exceeds the median voltage value during the corresponding time period of photovoltaic power, the control circuit switches the load device and the lead-acid battery to the path corresponding to wind power through a diode and a relay. If vice versa, the control circuit switches the load device and the lead-acid battery to the path corresponding to photovoltaic power through a diode and a relay.

[0007] The small wind power generation device is mainly for wind turbines with a power below 100 W, and the voltage usage range covers an output of 12V to 36V.

[0008] The switching between wind power and photovoltaic power supply can use a relay, but a solid-state relay or other electronic and electrical devices capable of switching power function channels can also be used.

[0009] The power supply capabilities of wind power and photovoltaic power are both judged based on the magnitude of the median voltage value measured in the most recent 10 minutes.

[0010] In the voltage measurement circuits of wind power and photovoltaic power, a follower amplifier circuit is used for isolation processing to eliminate the influence of the subsequent sampling on the voltage itself and improve the voltage sampling accuracy.

[0011] In the voltage measurement circuits of wind power and photovoltaic power, a voltage dividing network is used for voltage signal conditioning and a 1uF capacitor is connected in parallel for voltage stabilization processing to meet the voltage range requirements of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0012] When calculating the median in the voltage measurement process of wind power and photovoltaic power, the sorting of voltage values is based on the C language in an embedded processor using a quicksort algorithm or a mergesort algorithm.

[0013] The sunlight sensor is of the digital output type, with a measurement range covering 0 to 100,000 Lux, to avoid overloading on sunny days.

[0014] The wind speed sensor is of the 485 serial port output type, with a measurement range covering 0 to 60 m / s, to avoid overloading in strong wind conditions in the wild. Through the fast dynamic switching between wind power and photovoltaic power, the present invention can flexibly adjust the power supply mode according to the real-time meteorological conditions in the wild. When the sunlight is sufficient, it makes full use of solar energy for efficient power generation. When the wind speed is appropriate, it promptly switches to wind power supply, avoiding the problem of unstable power supply caused by the influence of weather fluctuations on a single energy source, realizing the complementary advantages of the two clean energy sources, continuously providing stable and reliable power support for field equipment, effectively enhancing the environmental adaptability and energy utilization efficiency of the power supply system, and ensuring the stable operation of field equipment all day long. Incomplete statistical analysis shows that, without changing the hardware configuration, after using the fast dynamic composite power supply scheduling algorithm, the availability of the equipment has increased from about 89% to about 99.5%.

[0015] The sunlight sensor is of the digital output type, with a measurement range covering 0 to 100,000 Lux, to avoid overloading on sunny days. The wind speed sensor is of the 485 serial port output type, with a measurement range covering 0 to 60 m / s, to avoid overloading in strong wind conditions in the wild.

[0016] Multi-sensor fusion: Using the data of solar sensors, rain sensors and wind speed sensors to dynamically adjust the energy scheduling strategy.

[0017] Intelligent decision-making: According to the real-time meteorological data, automatically select the most suitable energy form (wind power or solar energy) to ensure the power supply of the system to the greatest extent.

[0018] Composite power supply: Combining wind power generation, solar energy and storage batteries to realize the complementary utilization of multiple energies and improve the reliability and energy utilization efficiency of the system. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is the electrical connection diagram of the composite scheduling algorithm for wind power and solar power supply. Detailed Embodiment

[0020] The present invention monitors the relevant situations of sunlight and wind energy with the help of meteorological sensors, and uses probability statistics methods to study the wind power and photovoltaic power generation situations within a short period of time, and can provide a dynamic adjustment method for fast energy supply methods.

[0021] Sensor data acquisition: Solar sensor: Real-time monitoring of solar radiation intensity.

[0022] Rain sensor: Monitoring rainfall conditions.

[0023] Wind speed sensor: monitors wind speed.

[0024] Data preprocessing: Filters and normalizes sensor data to improve data quality.

[0025] Scheduling algorithm: Sunny days: When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset threshold and there is no rainfall, give priority to using the output of the solar panels.

[0026] Rainy or cloudy days: When the rainfall or wind speed is higher than the preset threshold, give priority to using the output of the small wind turbine.

[0027] Hybrid mode: Dynamically adjusts the energy distribution ratio based on a comprehensive assessment of wind speed and solar radiation intensity.

[0028] Energy management: Battery charge and discharge control: Controls the charge and discharge state of the battery according to the results of the scheduling algorithm to ensure that there is backup power supply when the system lacks energy.

[0029] Load balancing: Dynamically adjusts the energy output according to the actual load demand to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0030] Taking the soil and water conservation and meteorological monitoring system as an example, the present invention can be implemented in the following scenarios: Monitoring stations installed in mountainous areas: Dynamically adjusts the energy supply through this algorithm to ensure the efficient operation of the system under different meteorological conditions.

[0031] Urban meteorological monitoring stations: In the urban environment, utilizes the complementarity of wind power and solar power to improve the power supply stability of the monitoring system.

[0032] 1. System setup: Install solar panels, small wind turbines, batteries, and sensors (including solar sensors, rain sensors, wind speed sensors) at the monitoring site.

[0033] Connect the sensors to the scheduling algorithm module to achieve real-time data collection and processing.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the wind turbine, solar panel, lead-acid battery, and load equipment are connected by diodes and relays. The control signal of the relay comes from the power supply scheduling circuit, and the power supply scheduling circuit is always powered by the battery. The role of the diode is to prevent the phenomenon of one power supply charging another power supply when multiple power supplies supply power to the load equipment simultaneously, which may cause equipment damage. The role of the relay is to intelligently allocate the power supply method.

[0035] 2. Algorithm Implementation: Programmatically implement the scheduling algorithm, including sensor data acquisition, preprocessing, scheduling decision-making, and energy management modules.

[0036] Deploy the algorithm module to the control center of the monitoring system to achieve automated energy scheduling.

[0037] From a control perspective, the control time slot adopted for power supply mode allocation here is 10 minutes (this time is an equilibrium value given based on a large amount of field data testing. On the one hand, it avoids overly frequent switching, and on the other hand, it can quickly respond to changes in the external meteorological environment, including sunlight and wind speed, etc.).

[0038] Adopt a predetermined scheduling method logic to implement a switching mechanism with a time granularity of minutes for wind power or photovoltaic power supply. The judgment basis of the scheduling method is as follows in sequence: a If the wind speed exceeds 5 m / s, then adopt the wind power priority supply strategy; b If the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s and the output value of the sunlight sensor exceeds 20000 Lux, then adopt the photovoltaic power priority energy supply strategy; c If the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s and the output value of the sunlight sensor does not exceed 20000 Lux, then use the median voltage values of wind power and photovoltaic power as the judgment basis: when the median voltage value during the corresponding time period of wind power exceeds the median voltage value during the corresponding time period of photovoltaic power, the control circuit switches the load device to the path corresponding to wind power through diodes and relays. If vice versa, the control circuit switches the load device to the path corresponding to photovoltaic power through diodes and relays; When calculating the voltage median, the sorting of voltage values is based on the quicksort algorithm or mergesort algorithm in the embedded processor using the C language.

[0039] (1) Within each control time slot, the load device will collect the solar illumination, wind speed, and rainfall during this period, and reasonably control the on / off of multiple relays in combination with the conclusion given by the "comparator" in the figure. The specific control strategy is described as follows: (2) When the voltage value of the lead-acid battery is lower than the preset voltage value V1 (this algorithm parameter is determined by the voltage value corresponding to 10% of the remaining battery power), cut off the relay R1 between the lead-acid battery and the load device, close the relays R2 and R3, and select to close R4 or R5 according to the output of the comparator. The selection basis is: if the voltage of the solar panel is high, then close R5 and open R4; vice versa, then close R4 and open R5.

[0040] (3)When the voltage value of the lead-acid battery is higher than or equal to the preset voltage value V1, close the relay R1, and for the higher voltage of wind power and solar energy indicated by the comparator. If the wind power voltage is high, close R1, R2, and R5, and disconnect R3 and R4; if the solar panel voltage is high, close R1, R3, and R4, and disconnect R2 and R5.

[0041] The above judgment process is performed once every time interval (i.e., 10 minutes) and the strategy is switched. During the relay operation, it should be noted that the relevant relays should be closed first, and then other relays should be cut off to avoid power loss of the equipment due to switching.

[0042] Adjust the parameters of the scheduling algorithm through actual operation data to optimize the energy utilization efficiency and system stability.

[0043] Regularly maintain the sensors and power generation equipment to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0044] The present invention provides an efficient and reliable composite scheduling algorithm, which is applicable to various soil and water conservation and meteorological monitoring systems that require stable power supply. This technology can not only improve the energy utilization efficiency, but also reduce the maintenance cost of the system, and has a wide range of application prospects.

[0045] The present invention realizes the intelligent complementary utilization of wind power and solar energy through an innovative scheduling algorithm, ensuring the stable power supply of the soil and water conservation and meteorological monitoring system. The application of this technology in the new energy field has important economic and social values.

Claims

1. A composite power supply scheduling method for small-scale wind and solar power generation, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Monitor the real-time voltage values of wind power and photovoltaic power in real time, and establish statistical values for the data in the past ten minutes, including the maximum voltage value, minimum voltage value, average voltage value, and median voltage value of wind power and photovoltaic power in the past 10 minutes; among them, the voltage value measures and records the voltage values of the two power supply channels of wind power and photovoltaic power every 1 second, and a total of 600 values are recorded for each in 10 minutes; the maximum wind power voltage value is the maximum value among the 600 values measured by wind power, the minimum wind power voltage value is the minimum value among the 600 values of the wind power measurement voltage value, the average wind power voltage value is the average of the 600 values of the wind power measurement voltage value, and the median wind power voltage value is the median of the 600 values of the wind power measurement voltage value; (2) Use a sunlight sensor and a wind speed sensor as the main judgment basis, and use the median voltage values of wind power generation and solar power generation as the auxiliary judgment criteria to achieve the switching between wind power and solar power generation; (3) Adopt a predetermined scheduling method logic to implement a switching mechanism with a time granularity of minutes for wind power or photovoltaic power supply; (4) Add a frame header and a checksum to the relevant data in a specified format to form a data frame, and transmit it to the background server at a frequency of once per hour for statistics and parameter verification. The data is sent to the background server through a 4G cellular network or a private network line, and the data is transmitted in the format of binary data.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), the judgment basis of the scheduling method is as follows: a. If the wind speed exceeds 5 m / s, adopt the wind power priority supply strategy; b. If the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s and the output value of the sunlight sensor exceeds 20000 Lux, adopt the photovoltaic power priority energy supply strategy; c. If the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s and the output value of the sunlight sensor does not exceed 20000 Lux, use the median voltage values of wind power and photovoltaic power as the judgment basis: when the median voltage value during the corresponding period of wind power exceeds the median voltage value during the corresponding period of photovoltaic power, the control circuit switches the load device and the lead-acid battery to the path corresponding to wind power through a diode and a relay. If vice versa, the control circuit switches the load device and the lead-acid battery to the path corresponding to photovoltaic power through a diode and a relay.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The small wind power generation device is mainly for wind turbines with a power below 100W, and the voltage usage range covers an output of 12V to 36V.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The switching between wind power and photovoltaic power supply can use a relay, but a solid-state relay or other electronic and electrical devices capable of switching power function channels can also be used.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The power supply capabilities of wind power and photovoltaic power are both judged based on the magnitude of the median voltage value measured in the most recent 10 minutes.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein In the voltage measurement circuits of wind power and photovoltaic power, a follower amplifier circuit is used for isolation processing to eliminate the influence of the subsequent sampling on the voltage itself and improve the voltage sampling accuracy.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the voltage measurement circuits of wind power and photovoltaic power, a voltage dividing network is used for voltage signal conditioning and a 1uF capacitor is connected in parallel for voltage stabilization processing to meet the voltage range requirements of the analog-to-digital converter.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When calculating the median in the voltage measurement process of wind power and photovoltaic power, the sorting of voltage values is based on the C language in the embedded processor using the quicksort algorithm or the mergesort algorithm.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein The sunlight sensor uses a digital output type, and its measurement range covers 0 to 100,000 Lux to avoid overloading on sunny days.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind speed sensor uses a 485 serial port output, and its measurement range covers 0 to 60 m / s to avoid overloading in strong winds in the wild.

Images