A low-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm, relating to the technical field of low-light power generation for smoke alarms. The system includes a microcontroller module that controls a first conversion module and a second conversion module to perform power regulation, power superposition, and power bootstrapping on the electricity generated by a photovoltaic module. A stage detection module performs voltage detection on the photovoltaic module at four different stages, thereby controlling the first conversion module and the second conversion module to supply power independently according to the different voltage stages. A transmission module controls the first conversion module and the second conversion module to perform power superposition, and controls the first conversion module, the second conversion module, and a battery control module to perform power superposition. In the absence of light or when a smoke alarm is activated, the battery control module is controlled to directly supply power. The low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm of the present invention can improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic power, reduce the power consumption of the battery control module, improve battery life, meet power demand, and improve power supply efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-light power generation for smoke alarms, and in particular to a low-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms. Background Art

[0002] Smoke alarms are widely used for fire detection and are crucial for preventing fires and reducing fire losses. Their application scenarios include, but are not limited to, electric vehicle battery smoke alarms and indoor smoke alarms. In existing technologies, since smoke alarms are constantly monitoring smoke, a hybrid power supply of photovoltaic power and batteries is typically used to extend the battery life. However, when smoke alarms are located in locations with poor lighting, the electricity converted from photovoltaic power can no longer provide the power required by the smoke alarm, increasing the frequency of battery use and shortening the life of the smoke alarm. Furthermore, since the power provided by photovoltaic power sources fluctuates significantly depending on the intensity of sunlight, the utilization rate of photovoltaic power is reduced, and thus needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present invention provides a low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm is provided, comprising: a photovoltaic module for photoelectric conversion and outputting a first electrical energy;

[0005] a stage detection module connected to the photovoltaic module, configured to sample the first electric energy and output a first signal when the sampled signal is greater than a set first threshold, output a second signal when the sampled signal is less than the first threshold and greater than a set second threshold, output a third signal when the sampled signal is less than the second threshold and greater than a set third threshold, and output a fourth signal when the sampled signal is less than the third threshold;

[0006] a microcontroller module connected to the stage detection module, the first conversion module, the second conversion module, and the smoke alarm module, configured to receive the first signal, the second signal, or the third signal and drive the first conversion module and the second conversion module to perform power regulation, voltage superposition, and voltage bootstrapping, receive the fourth signal or the alarm signal output by the smoke alarm module and stop driving, and output a discharge signal upon receiving the third signal, the fourth signal, or the alarm signal provided by the smoke alarm module;

[0007] a first conversion module connected to the photovoltaic module, configured to perform power conditioning and isolation transformation processing on the first electric energy, superimpose the processed electric energy, perform bootstrapping processing on the superimposed electric energy and the power-conditioned electric energy, and output second electric energy;

[0008] a second conversion module, connected to the photovoltaic module, for performing power conditioning and isolation transformation processing on the first electric energy, superimposing the processed electric energy, and bootstrapping the superimposed electric energy with the power-conditioned electric energy to output third electric energy;

[0009] a battery control module, together with the phase detection module, the second conversion module, the microcontroller module, the transmission module, and the smoke alarm module, configured to receive the first signal and store the third electrical energy, receive the discharge signal and perform discharge and power regulation, provide the fourth electrical energy, transmit the fourth electrical energy to the smoke alarm module upon receiving the fourth signal or the alarm signal, and transmit the fourth electrical energy to the transmission module upon receiving the third signal;

[0010] a transmission module connected to the first conversion module and the second conversion module, configured to superimpose the third electric energy with the second electric energy upon receiving the second signal, and superimpose the fourth electric energy, the third electric energy, and the second electric energy upon receiving the third signal to provide the fifth electric energy;

[0011] The smoke alarm module is connected to the transmission module and the first conversion module, and is used to receive the third electric energy or the fifth electric energy and perform smoke detection, and provide an alarm signal when a smoke alarm is triggered.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic power source; the first conversion module includes a first inductor, a first transformer, a second inductor, a second power tube, a first power tube, a first capacitor, a first diode, a third capacitor and a second diode; the microcontroller module includes a first controller;

[0013] Preferably, the first end of the photovoltaic power supply is connected to the first end of the primary side of the first transformer and is connected to the second end of the primary side of the first transformer and the drain of the first power tube, the drain of the second power tube, and the first end of the secondary side of the first transformer through the first inductor. The second end of the secondary side of the first transformer is connected to the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode through the second inductor and the third capacitor in sequence. The anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the second power tube and is connected to the source of the first power tube, the second end of the photovoltaic power supply, and the ground through the first capacitor. The gates of the first power tube and the second power tube are respectively connected to the IO1 terminal and IO2 terminal of the first controller. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the smoke alarm module.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the second conversion module includes a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a second transformer, a third power tube, a fourth power tube, a third diode, a fourth capacitor, a second capacitor, a fourth diode and a sixth capacitor;

[0015] Preferably, the first end of the primary side of the second transformer is connected to the first end of the photovoltaic power supply and is connected to the second end of the primary side of the second transformer and the first end of the secondary side of the second transformer, the drain of the third power tube and the drain of the fourth power tube through the third inductor. The second end of the secondary side of the second transformer is connected to the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode through the fourth inductor and the fourth capacitor in sequence. The anode of the third diode is connected to the source of the fourth power tube and is connected to the source of the third power tube, the first end of the sixth capacitor and the second end of the photovoltaic power supply through the second capacitor. The second end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode. The gate of the third power tube and the gate of the fourth power tube are respectively connected to the IO3 terminal and IO4 terminal of the first controller.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission module includes a first thyristor, a fifth capacitor, a second thyristor and a seventh capacitor;

[0017] Preferably, the anode of the first thyristor is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor, the second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the second thyristor, the anode of the second thyristor is connected to the battery control module and the first end of the seventh capacitor, the second end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode, and the control end of the first thyristor and the control end of the second thyristor are both connected to the stage detection module.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the smoke alarm module includes a fifth diode, an eighth capacitor and a smoke alarm;

[0019] Preferably, the anode of the fifth diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the power supply terminal of the smoke alarm and is connected to the ground terminal of the smoke alarm through the eighth capacitor, and the alarm terminal of the smoke alarm is connected to the battery control module and the IO5 terminal of the first controller.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: the phase detection module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first threshold device, and a first comparator;

[0021] Preferably, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the photovoltaic power supply, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the non-inverting end of the first comparator and connected to the second end of the photovoltaic power supply through the second resistor, the inverting end of the first comparator is connected to the first voltage threshold, and the output port of the first comparator is connected to the IO6 end of the first controller and the battery control module.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the phase detection module further includes a second comparator, a second threshold device, a first inverter, a first logic chip and a sixth diode;

[0023] Preferably, the non-inverting end of the second comparator is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the inverting end of the second comparator is connected to the second threshold device, the output end of the second comparator is connected to the A end of the first logic chip, the B end of the first logic chip is connected to the input end of the first inverter, the input end of the first inverter is connected to the output end of the first comparator, the Y end of the first logic chip is connected to the transmission module, the IO9 end of the first control and the anode of the sixth diode, and the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the control end of the first thyristor.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: the phase detection module further includes a third comparator, a second inverter, a third inverter, a third threshold device, a second logic chip and a seventh diode;

[0025] Preferably, the non-inverting terminal and the inverting terminal of the third comparator are respectively connected to the second end of the first resistor and the second threshold device, the output terminal of the third comparator is connected to the A terminal of the second logic chip and the input terminal of the third inverter, the B terminal of the second logic chip is connected to the output terminal of the second inverter, the input terminal of the second inverter is connected to the Y terminal of the first logic chip, the Y terminal of the second logic chip is connected to the anode of the seventh diode, the control terminal of the second thyristor and the IO7 terminal of the first controller, the cathode of the seventh diode is connected to the control terminal of the first thyristor, and the output terminal of the third inverter is connected to the IO10 terminal of the first controller.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission module further includes a third thyristor;

[0027] Preferably, the anode of the third thyristor is connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor, the cathode of the third thyristor is connected to the second end of the fifth capacitor, and the control end of the third thyristor is connected to the Y end of the first logic chip.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention: the battery control module includes a fourth thyristor, an energy storage battery, a fifth power tube, an eighth diode, a fifth inductor, a sixth thyristor, a ninth diode and a fifth thyristor;

[0029] Preferably, the anode of the fourth thyristor is connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor, the cathode of the fourth thyristor is connected to the first end of the energy storage battery and the drain of the fifth power tube, the source of the fifth power tube is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode and connected to the anode of the sixth thyristor and the anode of the fifth thyristor through the fifth inductor, the anode of the eighth diode is connected to the second end of the energy storage battery and the first end of the sixth capacitor, the cathode of the sixth thyristor is connected to the first end of the seventh capacitor, the cathode of the fifth thyristor is connected to the anode of the fifth diode, the control end of the fifth thyristor is connected to the output end of the third inverter and the cathode of the ninth diode, the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the alarm end of the smoke alarm, and the control end of the sixth thyristor, the control end of the fourth thyristor and the gate of the fifth power tube are respectively connected to the Y end of the second logic chip, the output end of the first comparator and the IO8 end of the first controller.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system of the smoke alarm of the present invention can control the first conversion module and the second conversion module through the micro-control module to perform power regulation, power superposition, and power bootstrap control on the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module, and the stage detection module can perform voltage detection of the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module at four different stages, so as to control the first conversion module and the second conversion module to separately power the smoke alarm module and the battery control module according to different voltage stages, control the first conversion module and the second conversion module to perform power superposition through the transmission module, and control the first conversion module, the second conversion module, and the battery control module to perform power superposition through the transmission module, so as to meet the power voltage of the smoke alarm module, improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic power, reduce the power consumption of the battery control module, and improve the endurance of the battery control module. In the absence of light or when the smoke alarm module triggers a smoke alarm, the battery control module is controlled to directly power the smoke alarm module, thereby meeting the power demand and improving the power supply efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a first circuit diagram of the phase detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a second circuit diagram of the stage detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a third circuit diagram of the stage detection module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of a transmission module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a battery control module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 , a low-light power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm, comprising: a photovoltaic module 1 for photoelectric conversion and outputting first electrical energy;

[0041] The stage detection module 2 is connected to the photovoltaic module 1 and is used to sample the first electric energy and output a first signal when the sampled signal is greater than a set first threshold; output a second signal when the sampled signal is less than the first threshold and greater than a set second threshold; output a third signal when the sampled signal is less than the second threshold and greater than a set third threshold; and output a fourth signal when the sampled signal is less than the third threshold;

[0042] The microcontroller module 3 is connected to the stage detection module 2, the first conversion module 4, the second conversion module 5, and the smoke alarm module 8, and is configured to receive the first signal, the second signal, or the third signal and drive the first conversion module 4 and the second conversion module 5 to perform power regulation, voltage superposition, and voltage bootstrapping, receive the fourth signal or the alarm signal output by the smoke alarm module 8 and stop driving, and output a discharge signal when receiving the third signal, the fourth signal, or the alarm signal provided by the smoke alarm module 8;

[0043] a first conversion module 4 connected to the photovoltaic module 1, configured to perform power conditioning and isolation transformation processing on the first electric energy, superimpose the processed electric energy, perform bootstrapping processing on the superimposed electric energy and the power-conditioned electric energy, and output second electric energy;

[0044] a second conversion module 5 connected to the photovoltaic module 1, configured to perform power conditioning and isolation transformation processing on the first electric energy, superimpose the processed electric energy, perform bootstrapping processing on the superimposed electric energy and the power-conditioned electric energy, and output third electric energy;

[0045] The battery control module 7, together with the stage detection module 2, the second conversion module 5, the microcontroller module 3, the transmission module 6, and the smoke alarm module 8, is configured to receive the first signal and store the third electrical energy, receive the discharge signal and perform discharge and power regulation, provide the fourth electrical energy, transmit the fourth electrical energy to the smoke alarm module 8 upon receiving the fourth signal or the alarm signal, and transmit the fourth electrical energy to the transmission module 6 upon receiving the third signal;

[0046] a transmission module 6 connected to the first conversion module 4 and the second conversion module 5, configured to superimpose the third electric energy with the second electric energy upon receiving the second signal, and superimpose the fourth electric energy, the third electric energy, and the second electric energy upon receiving the third signal to provide the fifth electric energy;

[0047] The smoke alarm module 8 is connected to the transmission module 6 and the first conversion module 4, and is used to receive the third electric energy or the fifth electric energy and perform smoke detection, and provide an alarm signal when a smoke alarm is triggered.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic module 1 can adopt a photovoltaic circuit composed of a photovoltaic power source, which can perform photoelectric conversion and provide a first electric energy; the stage detection module 2 can adopt a stage detection circuit composed of a resistor, a comparator, a logic chip, an inverter, etc., and can set a first threshold, a second threshold and a third threshold. The first threshold is greater than the second threshold and the third threshold, and when the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module 1 is lower than the third threshold, it will not be able to supply power normally. The photovoltaic module 1 can be voltage sampled and compared with the voltage of the first threshold, the second threshold and the third threshold to achieve four different stages of voltage detection; the microcontroller module 3 can adopt a microcontroller circuit composed of a single-chip microcomputer, which integrates many components such as an arithmetic unit, a controller, a memory and an input and output device to realize signal processing, data storage, module control, timing control and other functions; the first conversion module 4 can adopt a first conversion circuit composed of an inductor, a field effect transistor, a capacitor, a transformer, etc., which can realize power regulation and isolation transformer regulation, and the isolation transformer The second conversion module 5 may employ a second conversion circuit composed of an inductor, a field-effect transistor, a capacitor, a transformer, etc., to achieve power regulation and isolated voltage regulation, and to superimpose the isolated voltage-transformed energy with the power-regulated energy, and then to perform a voltage bootstrap process on the superimposed energy and the power-regulated energy. The transmission module 6 may employ a transmission circuit composed of a thyristor and a capacitor, to control the transmission state and storage of energy, and to achieve energy superposition between the first conversion module 4, the second conversion module, or the battery control module 7. The battery control module 7 may employ a battery control circuit composed of an energy storage battery, a thyristor, a field-effect transistor, an inductor, etc., to perform energy storage, discharge, power regulation, and energy transmission control. The smoke alarm module 8 may employ a smoke alarm circuit composed of a smoke alarm, a diode, and a capacitor, to perform rectification, filtering, and smoke alarm operations.

[0049] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The photovoltaic module 1 includes a photovoltaic power source; the first conversion module 4 includes a first inductor L1, a first transformer B1, a second inductor L2, a second power tube Q2, a first power tube Q1, a first capacitor C1, a first diode D1, a third capacitor C3 and a second diode D2; the microcontroller module 3 includes a first controller U1;

[0050] Specifically, the first end of the photovoltaic power supply is connected to the first end of the primary side of the first transformer B1 and is connected to the second end of the primary side of the first transformer B1 and the drain of the first power tube Q1, the drain of the second power tube Q2, and the first end of the secondary side of the first transformer B1 through the first inductor L1. The second end of the secondary side of the first transformer B1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the anode of the second diode D2 through the second inductor L2 and the third capacitor C3 in sequence. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the source of the second power tube Q2 and is connected to the source of the first power tube Q1, the second end of the photovoltaic power supply, and the ground through the first capacitor C1. The gates of the first power tube Q1 and the second power tube Q2 are connected to the IO1 terminal and the IO2 terminal of the first controller U1, respectively. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the smoke alarm module 8.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned first transformer B1 is composed of two groups of coupled inductors; the above-mentioned first inductor L1 is the primary side excitation inductance of the first transformer B1; the above-mentioned second inductor L2 is the equivalent leakage inductance of the secondary winding of the first transformer B1 converted to the secondary side of the first transformer B1; the above-mentioned first power tube Q1 and the second power tube Q2 can both be N-channel field effect tubes; the above-mentioned first capacitor C1, the first diode D1 and the third capacitor C3 can be step-by-step boosted; the above-mentioned first controller U1 can use an STM32 microcontroller.

[0052] Furthermore, the second conversion module 5 includes a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a second transformer B2, a third power tube Q3, a fourth power tube Q4, a third diode D3, a fourth capacitor C4, a second capacitor C2, a fourth diode D4 and a sixth capacitor C6;

[0053] Specifically, the first end of the primary side of the second transformer B2 is connected to the first end of the photovoltaic power source and is connected to the second end of the primary side of the second transformer B2 and the first end of the secondary side of the second transformer B2, the drain of the third power tube Q3, and the drain of the fourth power tube through the third inductor L3. The second end of the secondary side of the second transformer B2 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3 and the anode of the fourth diode D4 through the fourth inductor L4 and the fourth capacitor C4 in sequence. The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the source of the fourth power tube Q4 and is connected to the source of the third power tube Q3, the first end of the sixth capacitor C6, and the second end of the photovoltaic power source through the second capacitor C2. The second end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4. The gate of the third power tube Q3 and the gate of the fourth power tube Q4 are respectively connected to the IO3 terminal and IO4 terminal of the first controller U1.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the second transformer B2 is composed of two sets of coupled inductors; the third inductor L3 is the primary-side excitation inductance of the first transformer B1; the fourth inductor L4 is the equivalent leakage inductance of the secondary winding of the second transformer B2 converted to the secondary side of the second transformer B2; the third power tube Q3 and the fourth power tube Q4 can both be N-channel field-effect tubes; the second capacitor C2, the third diode D3 and the fourth capacitor C4 can perform a step-by-step voltage boosting process.

[0055] Furthermore, the transmission module 6 includes a first thyristor S1, a fifth capacitor C5, a second thyristor S2 and a seventh capacitor C7;

[0056] Specifically, the anode of the first thyristor S1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor C5, the second end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the cathode of the second thyristor S2, the anode of the second thyristor S2 is connected to the battery control module 7 and the first end of the seventh capacitor C7, the second end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, and the control end of the first thyristor S1 and the control end of the second thyristor S2 are both connected to the stage detection module 2.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, both the first thyristor S1 and the second thyristor S2 can be unidirectional thyristors. The first thyristor S1 controls the fifth capacitor C5 to perform step-by-step voltage boosting, and the second thyristor S2 transmits the seventh electric energy stored and superimposed electric energy.

[0058] Furthermore, the smoke alarm module 8 includes a fifth diode D5, an eighth capacitor C8 and a smoke alarm;

[0059] Specifically, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the power supply terminal of the smoke alarm and is connected to the ground terminal of the smoke alarm through the eighth capacitor C8, and the alarm terminal of the smoke alarm is connected to the battery control module 7 and the IO5 terminal of the first controller U1.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the smoke alarm may be composed of a smoke sensor, a CPU processor, an alarm, a communication device, etc., to realize functions such as smoke detection, data processing, smoke alarm and communication.

[0061] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the stage detection module 2 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first threshold device and a first comparator A1;

[0062] Specifically, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the photovoltaic power supply, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the non-inverting end of the first comparator A1 and is connected to the second end of the photovoltaic power supply through the second resistor R2, the inverting end of the first comparator A1 is connected to the first voltage threshold, and the output port of the first comparator A1 is connected to the IO6 end of the first controller U1 and the battery control module 7.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 perform voltage sampling; the first threshold device may be composed of a reference power supply and a resistor to provide a first threshold; the first comparator A1 may be an LM358 comparator.

[0064] Furthermore, the phase detection module 2 further includes a second comparator A2, a second threshold device, a first inverter INV1, a first logic chip J1 and a sixth diode D6;

[0065] Specifically, the non-inverting terminal of the second comparator A2 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the inverting terminal of the second comparator A2 is connected to the second threshold device, the output terminal of the second comparator A2 is connected to the A terminal of the first logic chip J1, the B terminal of the first logic chip J1 is connected to the input terminal of the first inverter INV1, the input terminal of the first inverter INV1 is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator A1, the Y terminal of the first logic chip J1 is connected to the transmission module 6, the IO9 terminal of the first control and the anode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the control terminal of the first thyristor S1.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, the second comparator A2 can be an LM358 comparator; the second threshold device can be composed of a reference power supply and a resistor to provide a second threshold; the first inverter INV1 can be a NOT gate chip; and the first logic chip J1 can be an AND gate chip.

[0067] Furthermore, the phase detection module 2 further includes a third comparator A3, a second inverter INV2, a third inverter INV3, a third threshold device, a second logic chip J2 and a seventh diode D7;

[0068] Specifically, the non-inverting terminal and the inverting terminal of the third comparator A3 are respectively connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the second threshold device, the output terminal of the third comparator A3 is connected to the A terminal of the second logic chip J2 and the input terminal of the third inverter INV3, the B terminal of the second logic chip J2 is connected to the output terminal of the second inverter INV2, the input terminal of the second inverter INV2 is connected to the Y terminal of the first logic chip J1, the Y terminal of the second logic chip J2 is connected to the anode of the seventh diode D7, the control terminal of the second thyristor S2 and the IO7 terminal of the first controller U1, the cathode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the control terminal of the first thyristor S1, and the output terminal of the third inverter INV3 is connected to the IO10 terminal of the first controller U1.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned third comparator A3 can be an LM358 comparator; the above-mentioned second logic chip J2 can be an AND gate chip; the above-mentioned second inverter INV2 and the third inverter INV3 can both be NOT gate chips; the above-mentioned third threshold device can be composed of a reference power supply and a resistor to provide a third threshold.

[0070] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the transmission module 6 further includes a third thyristor S3;

[0071] Specifically, the anode of the third thyristor S3 is connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor C6 , the cathode of the third thyristor S3 is connected to the second end of the fifth capacitor C5 , and the control end of the third thyristor S3 is connected to the Y end of the first logic chip J1 .

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the third thyristor S3 can be a unidirectional thyristor.

[0073] Furthermore, the battery control module 7 includes a fourth thyristor S4, an energy storage battery, a fifth power tube Q5, an eighth diode D8, a fifth inductor L5, a sixth thyristor S6, a ninth diode D9 and a fifth thyristor S5;

[0074] Specifically, the anode of the fourth thyristor S4 is connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor C6, the cathode of the fourth thyristor S4 is connected to the first end of the energy storage battery and the drain of the fifth power transistor Q5, the source of the fifth power transistor Q5 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8 and connected to the anode of the sixth thyristor S6 and the anode of the fifth thyristor S5 through the fifth inductor L5, the anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the second end of the energy storage battery and the first end of the sixth capacitor C6, the cathode of the sixth thyristor S6 is connected to the first end of the seventh capacitor C7, the cathode of the fifth thyristor S5 is connected to the anode of the fifth diode D5, the control end of the fifth thyristor S5 is connected to the output end of the third inverter INV3 and the cathode of the ninth diode D9, the anode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to the alarm end of the smoke alarm, the control end of the sixth thyristor S6, the control end of the fourth thyristor S4, and the gate of the fifth power transistor Q5 are respectively connected to the Y end of the second logic chip J2, the output end of the first comparator A1, and the IO8 end of the first controller U1.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the fourth thyristor S4, the fifth thyristor S5 and the sixth thyristor S6 can all be unidirectional thyristors; the energy storage battery can be a lithium battery; the fifth power tube Q5 can be an N-channel field effect tube, which cooperates with the eighth diode D8 and the fifth inductor L5 to perform power regulation.

[0076] In a micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system for a smoke alarm according to the present embodiment, a photovoltaic power source can perform photoelectric conversion and provide a first electric energy. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 perform voltage sampling on the first electric energy. When the sampled signal is greater than a first threshold value set by a first threshold device, the first comparator A1 outputs a first signal, which is received by the first control IO6 terminal, and the fourth thyristor S4 is controlled to be turned on. The IO1 terminal and IO2 terminal of the first controller U1 respectively drive the first power tube Q1 and the second power tube Q2 to be turned on. The first power tube Q1 cooperates with the first inductor L1 and the primary side of the first transformer B1 to perform power regulation, and then the secondary side of the first transformer B1 outputs electric energy, and the output electric energy is superimposed on the power-regulated electric energy. The superimposed electric energy The second power energy can be transmitted to the third capacitor C3 through the second inductor L2. At the same time, the electric energy transmitted by the second power tube Q2 is stored in the first capacitor C1 and then transmitted to the third capacitor C3 through the first capacitor C1, so that the third capacitor C3 performs voltage bootstrapping and outputs the second electric energy. Similarly, the IO3 terminal and IO4 terminal of the first controller U1 respectively control the third power tube Q3 and the fourth power tube Q4 to be turned on, and cooperate with the third inductor L3, the second transformer B2, the fourth inductor L4, the fourth capacitor C4, the third diode D3 and the second capacitor C2 to perform voltage processing and output the third electric energy. The second electric energy is transmitted to the smoke alarm through the second diode D2 and the fifth diode D5, and the third electric energy is transmitted to the energy storage battery through the fourth diode D4 and the fourth thyristor S4. When the sampled signal is greater than the second threshold provided by the second threshold device and less than the first threshold, the Y terminal of the first logic chip J1 outputs a second signal to control the first thyristor S1 and the third thyristor S3 to be turned on, and the fourth thyristor S4 to be turned off, and the signal is received by the IO9 terminal of the first controller U1. While the first conversion module 4 and the second conversion module 5 are working, the second electric energy and the third electric energy are superimposed and processed through the fifth capacitor C5, and power is supplied to the smoke alarm. When the sampled signal is greater than the third threshold provided by the third threshold device and less than the second threshold, the second logic chip J2 outputs a third signal to control the first thyristor S1 and the sixth thyristor S6 to be turned on, and the third thyristor S3 to be turned off, and the signal is received by the IO7 terminal of the first controller U1, so that Terminal IO8 of the first controller U1 outputs a discharge signal, controlling the conduction of the fifth power tube Q5, which cooperates with the eighth diode D8 and the fifth inductor L5 for power regulation to output fourth electrical energy. This fourth electrical energy is stored in the fourth capacitor C4, and the third electrical energy stored in the sixth capacitor C6 is used to bootstrap the voltage of the seventh capacitor C7. This is then bootstrapped with the fifth capacitor C5 to power the smoke alarm. When the smoke alarm detects smoke or the sampled signal falls below a third threshold, the first conversion module 4 and the second conversion module 5 cease operation. The alarm terminal of the smoke alarm or the third inverter INV3 triggers the conduction of the fifth thyristor S5, causing the battery control module 7 to directly power the smoke alarm, maintaining its operation.

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0078] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms, characterized in that: The system includes: A photovoltaic module, configured to convert photoelectric energy into electrical energy and output first electrical energy; a stage detection module connected to the photovoltaic module, configured to sample the first electric energy and output a first signal when the sampled signal is greater than a set first threshold, output a second signal when the sampled signal is less than the first threshold and greater than a set second threshold, output a third signal when the sampled signal is less than the second threshold and greater than a set third threshold, and output a fourth signal when the sampled signal is less than the third threshold; a microcontroller module connected to the stage detection module, the first conversion module, the second conversion module, and the smoke alarm module, configured to receive the first signal, the second signal, or the third signal and drive the first conversion module and the second conversion module to perform power regulation, voltage superposition, and voltage bootstrapping, receive the fourth signal or the alarm signal output by the smoke alarm module and stop driving, and output a discharge signal upon receiving the third signal, the fourth signal, or the alarm signal provided by the smoke alarm module; a first conversion module connected to the photovoltaic module, configured to perform power conditioning and isolation transformation processing on the first electric energy, superimpose the processed electric energy, perform bootstrapping processing on the superimposed electric energy and the power-conditioned electric energy, and output second electric energy; a second conversion module, connected to the photovoltaic module, for performing power conditioning and isolation transformation processing on the first electric energy, superimposing the processed electric energy, and bootstrapping the superimposed electric energy with the power-conditioned electric energy to output third electric energy; a battery control module, together with the phase detection module, the second conversion module, the microcontroller module, the transmission module, and the smoke alarm module, configured to receive the first signal and store the third electrical energy, receive the discharge signal and perform discharge and power regulation, provide the fourth electrical energy, transmit the fourth electrical energy to the smoke alarm module upon receiving the fourth signal or the alarm signal, and transmit the fourth electrical energy to the transmission module upon receiving the third signal; a transmission module connected to the first conversion module and the second conversion module, configured to superimpose the third electric energy with the second electric energy upon receiving the second signal, and superimpose the fourth electric energy, the third electric energy, and the second electric energy upon receiving the third signal to provide the fifth electric energy; The smoke alarm module is connected to the transmission module and the first conversion module, and is used to receive the third electric energy or the fifth electric energy and perform smoke detection, and provide an alarm signal when a smoke alarm is triggered.

2. The micro-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic power source; the first conversion module includes a first inductor, a first transformer, a second inductor, a second power tube, a first power tube, a first capacitor, a first diode, a third capacitor and a second diode; the microcontroller module includes a first controller; The first end of the photovoltaic power supply is connected to the first end of the primary side of the first transformer and is connected to the second end of the primary side of the first transformer and the drain of the first power tube, the drain of the second power tube, and the first end of the secondary side of the first transformer through the first inductor. The second end of the secondary side of the first transformer is connected to the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode through the second inductor and the third capacitor in sequence. The anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the second power tube and is connected to the source of the first power tube, the second end of the photovoltaic power supply, and the ground through the first capacitor. The gates of the first power tube and the second power tube are respectively connected to the IO1 terminal and the IO2 terminal of the first controller. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the smoke alarm module.

3. The micro-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second conversion module includes a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a second transformer, a third power tube, a fourth power tube, a third diode, a fourth capacitor, a second capacitor, a fourth diode and a sixth capacitor; The first end of the primary side of the second transformer is connected to the first end of the photovoltaic power supply and is connected to the second end of the primary side of the second transformer and the first end of the secondary side of the second transformer, the drain of the third power tube and the drain of the fourth power tube through the third inductor. The second end of the secondary side of the second transformer is connected to the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode through the fourth inductor and the fourth capacitor in sequence. The anode of the third diode is connected to the source of the fourth power tube and is connected to the source of the third power tube, the first end of the sixth capacitor and the second end of the photovoltaic power supply through the second capacitor. The second end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode. The gate of the third power tube and the gate of the fourth power tube are connected to the IO3 terminal and IO4 terminal of the first controller respectively.

4. The micro-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission module includes a first thyristor, a fifth capacitor, a second thyristor and a seventh capacitor; The anode of the first thyristor is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor, the second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the second thyristor, the anode of the second thyristor is connected to the battery control module and the first end of the seventh capacitor, the second end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode, and the control end of the first thyristor and the control end of the second thyristor are both connected to the stage detection module.

5. The micro-light power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smoke alarm module includes a fifth diode, an eighth capacitor and a smoke alarm; The anode of the fifth diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the power supply terminal of the smoke alarm and is connected to the ground terminal of the smoke alarm through the eighth capacitor, and the alarm terminal of the smoke alarm is connected to the battery control module and the IO5 terminal of the first controller.

6. The micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 5, characterized in that: The phase detection module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first threshold device and a first comparator; A first end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the photovoltaic power supply, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a non-inverting end of the first comparator and is connected to a second end of the photovoltaic power supply via a second resistor, an inverting end of the first comparator is connected to a first voltage threshold, and an output port of the first comparator is connected to an IO6 end of the first controller and a battery control module.

7. The micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 6, characterized in that: The phase detection module further includes a second comparator, a second threshold device, a first inverter, a first logic chip and a sixth diode; The non-inverting terminal of the second comparator is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the inverting terminal of the second comparator is connected to the second threshold device, the output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the A terminal of the first logic chip, the B terminal of the first logic chip is connected to the input terminal of the first inverter, the input terminal of the first inverter is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator, the Y terminal of the first logic chip is connected to the transmission module, the IO9 terminal of the first control and the anode of the sixth diode, and the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the control terminal of the first thyristor.

8. The micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase detection module further includes a third comparator, a second inverter, a third inverter, a third threshold device, a second logic chip, and a seventh diode; The non-inverting terminal and the inverting terminal of the third comparator are respectively connected to the second end of the first resistor and the second threshold device, the output terminal of the third comparator is connected to the A terminal of the second logic chip and the input terminal of the third inverter, the B terminal of the second logic chip is connected to the output terminal of the second inverter, the input terminal of the second inverter is connected to the Y terminal of the first logic chip, the Y terminal of the second logic chip is connected to the anode of the seventh diode, the control terminal of the second thyristor and the IO7 terminal of the first controller, the cathode of the seventh diode is connected to the control terminal of the first thyristor, and the output terminal of the third inverter is connected to the IO10 terminal of the first controller.

9. The micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission module further includes a third thyristor; The anode of the third thyristor is connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor, the cathode of the third thyristor is connected to the second end of the fifth capacitor, and the control end of the third thyristor is connected to the Y end of the first logic chip.

10. The micro-photovoltaic power generation hardware management system for smoke alarms according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery control module includes a fourth thyristor, an energy storage battery, a fifth power tube, an eighth diode, a fifth inductor, a sixth thyristor, a ninth diode and a fifth thyristor; The anode of the fourth thyristor is connected to the second end of the sixth capacitor, the cathode of the fourth thyristor is connected to the first end of the energy storage battery and the drain of the fifth power tube, the source of the fifth power tube is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode and connected to the anode of the sixth thyristor and the anode of the fifth thyristor through the fifth inductor, the anode of the eighth diode is connected to the second end of the energy storage battery and the first end of the sixth capacitor, the cathode of the sixth thyristor is connected to the first end of the seventh capacitor, the cathode of the fifth thyristor is connected to the anode of the fifth diode, the control end of the fifth thyristor is connected to the output end of the third inverter and the cathode of the ninth diode, the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the alarm end of the smoke alarm, the control end of the sixth thyristor, the control end of the fourth thyristor and the gate of the fifth power tube are respectively connected to the Y end of the second logic chip, the output end of the first comparator and the IO8 end of the first controller.

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